827:); and attacked the Russian camp after they surrendered, on the night of 4 November and 5 November. After a short skirmish with the Poles the latter decided to allow the Tatars to take what they wanted; and even Sheremetev himself was transferred by Poles to the Tatars (he never returned to Russia, and died in 1682 still their captive, although a Cossack army managed to intercept part of the Tatars and take back several thousand captives later).
38:
690:, was increasingly at odds with Sheremetev (who favored Tsetsura over Khmelnytsky, and who refused to promise Khmelnytsky any loot from the upcoming battles), and was in no hurry to execute his orders or stick to his plan. The Tatars met Potocki's forces on 1 September, and they in turn met with Lubomirski on 7 September, while Khmelnytsky were still far from Shermetev's army.
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had to be confirmed by the Polish king) and pledged
Cossacks allegiance to the Poles. Having learned that Khmelnytsky signed the treaty with the Poles, Tsetsura decided to defect, and did so on 21 October (his Cossacks were however ambushed by the Tatars and suffered heavy casualties). The Cossacks
741:
Sheremetev decided to stop the Poles by repeating his previous tactics. He burned the town on the side the Poles were approaching from, and created a new camp on the other side of the river. The Poles took the other bank, including the local fort, which
Sheremetev abandoned, and which provided them
636:
In
September 1660, the commander of the Russian army, Sheremetev – acting on misleading information greatly underestimating the numerical strength of the Polish army – decided to seek out and destroy the Polish forces with what he believed would be overwhelming strength (15,000 Russian soldiers and
835:
The battle was a major victory for the Poles, who succeeded in eliminating most of
Russian forces, weakened the Cossacks and kept their alliance with the Crimean Tatars. The Poles, however, were unable to capitalize on that victory; their army retreated in poor order (there was little aid for the
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took place around 7 October and 8 October; however, some historians speculate that there was never any battle of
Slobodyshche, and it was a misidentification created by Khmelnytsky and Polish commanders (Khmelnytsky did not want to aid Sheremetev, and Poles were able to concentrate on that task);
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was wiped out, and
Sheremetev – who until then had failed to send a single scouting party and suddenly realized what was to be an easy victory was a death trap – decided to take defensive positions in a fortified camp. Numerical superiority of the Polish forces, lack of supplies and several minor
886:
Numerical estimates are based on 1995 work of Łukasz Ossoliński; in particular his
Chapter 3 dedicated to estimating strength of opposing forces. He notes that older historiography often overestimated numbers for that battle (for example, a common mistake in Polish historiography was to estimate
666:'s spy network), and became quickly aware of Sheremetev's error. Polish historian Łossowski notes that "while Shermetev's advanced blindly, Polish hetmans knew almost everything about his army and moves". The Poles decided to engage Shermetev's forces before he in turn would be reinforced by his
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wounded, which accounted for hundreds of deaths after the battle). Furthermore, the country had failed to provide wages for most of the army, which resulted in mutinies in 1661. This prevented the Poles from taking initiative and allowed the
Russians time to rebuild their armies.
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with a useful stronghold and observation point. The Tatars drove the
Russians foraging parties into their main camp, but for now no major encounters took place. The Poles were however able to surround the Russian camp, and started engineering works designed to flood their camp.
803:) were approaching. Abandoned by his allies, and failing to break through the Polish lines on 22 October, Sheremetev decided to enter negotiations on 23 October; he capitulated on 4 November. The Russians were allowed to retreat but had to leave their weapons, abandon Kyiv,
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On 8 October, facing hunger, flooding and low morale, Sheremetev tried to break out of the camp but was defeated. Another attempt on 14 October, initially more successful, proved to be also futile and only succeeded in moving the camp to a non-flooded area.
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15,000–35,000 of his
Cossack allies). Sheremetev's major tactical error was to advance relying on outdated and sparse intelligence reports, and without adequate scouting; he expected only a weak army of 10,000 (in fact, it numbered only about 7,000) under
818:
The remaining Cossacks (numbering around 8,000), abandoned by Tsetsura and Khmelnytsky, left the Russian camp on 3 November, but were ambushed by the Tatars; surrounded and with no help from their former Russian allies, nearly all were taken captive (see
823:). The Tatars were however unhappy with the little loot they had captured, but even more with the capitulation – they wanted the Poles, Cossacks and the Russians to fight among themselves as much as possible (since they were all Christian enemies of
733:. At that point, the Russian and Cossack armies had lost about 1,000 troops, and the Poles about 100 (not counting the wounded). Sheremetev also received a minor reinforcement by attaching Chudniv's garrison (about 1,000 troops) to his main army.
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army under Khmelnytsky numbering over 20,000 was approaching the area. To prevent it from combining forces with the Russians, the Poles split an 8,000-strong force under Lubomirski, which stopped the Cossacks near
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who commanded the Russian garrison in Kyiv refused to follow Sheremetev's agreement with the Poles and leave the city, saying his famous phrase "I obey only His Majesty, not Sheremetev. There are many
709:, and 10,000 infantry). Sheremetev troops (not counting Cossacks) numbered 18,000 (including 4,500 Russian traditional cavalry, 5,500 raitars, 3,500 dragoons, 3,000 foreign infantry and 1,000
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686:(of whose coming to Polish aid Sheremetev was aware) – but Khmelnytsky failed to do so, with most of the Tatar forces slipping past them around middle of August. Further, Cossack's leader,
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River, and captured or destroyed a significant portion of the remaining Russian artillery and supplies. The Polish forces caught up again with the Russians on 27 September, near
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in Moscow!" The Poles did not risk attacking the city which thus remained in Russian hands. A similar development took place in Pereiaslav whose inhabitants led by
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in Kyiv was able to muster only about 5,000-strong army, but retreated to Kyiv having learned that Polish reinforcements (numbering about few thousands and led by
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defeats convinced him to break away on 26 September. The plan succeeded at first but Polish forces caught the Russian army during its crossing of the
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In the meantime, Khmelnytsky (also suffering from heavy desertions) decided to enter negotiations with the Poles. The
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by the Tatars. The battle was the largest and most important Polish victory over the Russian forces until the
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15,000 Cossacks with several artillery pieces (under Tsetsura; not counting 20,000 under Khmelnytsky)
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Polish troops besiege the camp of the Russian forces led by Vasily Sheremetev and Tymish Tsetsura.
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Potocki and Lubomirski – had much better intelligence (they were also aided by
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1094:История России с древнейших времен. Том 11. Глава 2. Продолжение царстования
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were to stay with Sheremetev's corps, and another part (about 20,000 under
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swore "to die for the great Tsar, for God's churches and Orthodox faith".
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1118:Łukasz Ossoliński, "Kampania na Ukrainie 1660 roku"; doctoral thesis (
1108:Łukasz Ossoliński, "Cudnów – Słobodyszcze 1660", Inforteditions 2006,
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589:. It ended with a decisive Polish victory, and the truce of Chudnov (
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Russians: 2,300 dead, 2,000 wounded, 12,500 captive and all artillery
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Romański Romuald, "Cudnów 1660 (Historyczne bitwy)", Bellona 1996,
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Mała Encyklopedia Wojskowa, Tom I, A-J, Warszawa 1967, Wydanie I
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were no longer allied with the Russians. One Russian army was
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was signed on 17 October, and mostly repeated the 1657
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allies. A portion of the Cossacks (about 15,000 under
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Battles involving the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
857:, with the inscription "CUDNOW 14 IX-3 X 1660".
763:there is however no consensus on that variant.
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853:The Battle of Chudnov is commemorated on the
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1142:, Wojskowy instytut naukowo-wydawniczy, 1931
1225:Battles of the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)
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287:Cossacks: 1,900 dead, 2,000 wounded, 8,000
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267:15,000 Russians with 48 artillery pieces
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
1160:, Radoslaw Sikora, Bartosz Musialowicz,
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261:28,000 Poles with 20 artillery pieces
1210:Battles involving the Crimean Khanate
7:
716:The Russian army was surprised near
60:adding citations to reliable sources
855:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw
27:1660 battle during Russo-Polish War
653:defeated Russian army in Lithuania
625:, and push the Poles west, taking
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280:Poles: 2,700 dead, 2,500 wounded
251:Tymish Tsetsura (Ukrainian side)
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1140:"Wyprawa cudnowska w 1660 roku"
47:needs additional citations for
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778:(although the creation of the
575:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
209:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
170:27 September – 2 November 1660
1:
787:, and another one tied up in
720:on 14 September. Shermetev's
701:, 3,500 light cavalry, 1,500
629:(Lviv) and securing disputed
326:Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667
282:Tatars: 400 dead, 600 wounded
867:The Ruin (Ukrainian history)
623:Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)
146:Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)
999:University of Toronto Press
887:Russian forces at 50,000).
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1066:Ossoliński, 1995, pp.45–46
940:Ossoliński, 1995, pp.47–48
931:Ossoliński, 1995, pp.12–20
649:Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski
642:Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki
243:Safer Giray (Crimean side)
239:Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski
139:Battle of Chudnov (Cudnów)
958:Ossoliński, 1995, pp.9–10
745:The Poles learned that a
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194:Polish–Lithuanian victory
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658:The Polish commanders –
633:territories for Russia.
603:battle of Warsaw in 1920
780:Grand Duchy of Ruthenia
621:to resume the sporadic
1080:Ossoliński, 1995, p.46
1057:Ossoliński, 1995, p.45
1048:Ossoliński, 1995, p.44
1039:Ossoliński, 1995, p.39
1030:Ossoliński, 1995, p.31
1021:Ossoliński, 1995, p.22
967:Ossoliński, 1995, p.10
760:battle of Slobodyshche
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228:Commanders and leaders
976:Ossoliński, 1995, p.8
949:Ossoliński, 1995, p.5
785:defeated in the north
682:under nuradyn-sultan
275:Casualties and losses
1120:University of Warsaw
56:improve this article
1186:50.0600°N 28.1800°E
1182: /
1011:Google Print, p.145
613:In July 1660, tsar
71:"Battle of Chudnov"
995:Ukraine: A History
646:Field Crown Hetman
639:Great Crown Hetman
615:Alexis I of Russia
585:, allied with the
577:, allied with the
1215:Conflicts in 1660
797:Stefan Czarniecki
776:Treaty of Hadiach
688:Yurii Khmelnytsky
676:Yurii Khmelnytsky
651:who had recently
619:Vasily Sheremetev
583:Tsardom of Russia
571:Battle of Chudnov
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234:Stanisław Potocki
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16:(Redirected from
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67:Find sources:
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45:This article
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1162:BUM Magazine
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471:Slobodyshche
423:Stary Bykhaw
345:Shepeleviche
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203:Belligerents
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54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
1189: /
848:Yakym Somko
844:Sheremetevs
793:Boriatyński
722:front guard
684:Safer Giray
441:Lyakhavichy
1204:Categories
1177:28°10′48″E
1174:50°03′36″N
891:References
805:Pereiaslav
609:Background
581:, and the
555:Daugavpils
543:Stavishchе
182:(Cudnów),
82:newspapers
1122:), 1995,
831:Aftermath
809:Chernihiv
754:(Polish:
631:Ukrainian
525:Pyrohivka
351:Nowa Woda
1001:, 2000,
861:See also
711:streltsy
707:dragoons
705:, 5,000
699:pancerni
697:, 8,000
617:ordered
587:Cossacks
501:Kushliki
363:Okhmativ
339:Smolensk
256:Strength
175:Location
144:Part of
112:May 2012
1164:, 2016.
1103:General
758:). The
747:Cossack
731:Chudniv
703:raitars
668:Cossack
660:hetmans
549:Ilūkste
531:Vitebsk
519:Hlukhiv
507:Vilnius
489:Mogilev
483:Chudnov
459:Mogilev
453:Polonka
447:Barysaw
429:Konotop
405:Verkiai
387:Horodok
381:Vilnius
375:Mogilev
369:Bracław
184:Ukraine
180:Chudniv
96:scholar
1149:
1112:
1005:
896:Inline
813:talars
737:Battle
595:Cudnów
591:Polish
557:(1666)
551:(1665)
545:(1664)
539:(1664)
537:Shklow
533:(1664)
527:(1664)
521:(1663)
515:(1662)
509:(1661)
503:(1661)
497:(1661)
491:(1661)
485:(1660)
479:(1660)
473:(1660)
467:(1660)
465:Lyubar
461:(1660)
455:(1660)
449:(1660)
443:(1660)
437:(1660)
431:(1659)
425:(1659)
419:(1659)
417:Myadel
413:(1659)
407:(1658)
401:(1655)
395:(1655)
393:Ozerna
389:(1655)
383:(1655)
377:(1655)
371:(1655)
365:(1655)
359:(1654)
357:Shklow
353:(1654)
347:(1654)
341:(1654)
191:Result
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
873:Notes
825:Islam
821:jasyr
718:Lubar
513:Kaniv
495:Druya
477:Basya
411:Varva
399:Brest
103:JSTOR
89:books
1147:ISBN
1110:ISBN
1003:ISBN
807:and
799:and
789:Kyiv
727:Iber
627:Lwów
569:The
167:Date
75:news
713:).
58:by
1206::
1092::
1071:^
1009:,
997:,
993:,
981:^
904:^
878:a.
655:.
605:.
593::
316:e
309:t
302:v
125:)
119:(
114:)
110:(
100:·
93:·
86:·
79:·
52:.
20:)
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