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Battle of Hard

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170: 410:, others attempted to board three nearby ships, which overturned in the chaos and sank, drowning many of the fleeing infantry and knights. Others sought hiding places where they could, and, ill-equipped to overnight in the prevailing terrible cold, died of exposure. Although the victorious Swiss performed at best a sloppy pursuit, focusing more on pillaging than on a systematic pursuit (another of their customs), by the end of the battle several thousand Swabian corpses nonetheless littered the battlefield, and were eventually buried in a mass grave outside the Chapel of Hard. 22: 160: 106: 401:
The Swiss attack columns precipitously attacked the Imperial positions, staggered under the weight of the defensive fire from the Imperial artillery, but, propelled forward by their serious warfighting ethos, kept up the assault. Colliding with the Imperial infantry columns, the Swiss rapidly threw
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The Swabians were unable to mount a fighting withdrawal, and as a result, many fleeing troops were massacred by the Swiss, as was their custom. The Swabian soldiers were aware of this custom, and a panic ensued. Some Imperial troops fled to
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and set up their artillery. The Swiss main body had meanwhile arrived in the area of battle, and skillfully deployed its attack columns so as to deny the Imperials the maximum benefit of their artillery superiority.
228: 51: 344:. On the morning of the battle the Imperial advance guard discovered the advanced guard of the invading Swiss army marching down the right bank of the 465: 221: 398:, although it is not known whether these fought on horseback, or, as was often their custom, on foot amongst the infantry pike columns. 375:. These would be deployed in very deep infantry combat columns. Smaller bodies of men would skirmish around these columns, firing with 433: 169: 73: 302: 214: 441: 34: 351:
The surprised Imperials, alerted to the Swiss attack, hastily deployed themselves into battle order near the town of
44: 38: 30: 475: 309:. The battle was fought on 20 February 1499, a cold and foggy day, between 10,000 Imperial troops, mostly from the 55: 460: 359:
Both armies were composed primarily of infantry, many of whom were armed with a very long spear called a
306: 261: 163: 470: 256: 266: 337: 429: 314: 276: 173: 271: 380: 325: 454: 364: 341: 293: 129: 298: 239: 159: 97: 206: 391: 376: 352: 105: 387: 383: 333: 332:. The Imperial army had deployed its advance guard between the towns of 407: 395: 372: 368: 329: 321: 133: 310: 345: 210: 15: 320:
The battle took place in the westernmost part of modern-day
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Circles, and a smaller number of Swiss troops, often called
301:, waged between the Imperials under the Holy Roman Emperor 348:, attacked it, and caused it to recoil toward Hard. 445:, 1999?. In German. URL last accessed 2006-09-12. 43:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks 90: 402:the Swabian forces into disorder, then rout. 324:, in the vicinity of the southeast corner of 222: 8: 229: 215: 207: 87: 74:Learn how and when to remove this message 297:was the first large-scale battle in the 7: 394:train and a small force of armoured 328:, roughly southwest of the town of 14: 168: 158: 104: 20: 1: 466:Battles involving Switzerland 426:Landsknecht Soldier 1486-1550 340:, south of the lake town of 442:500 Jahre Schlacht bei Hard 390:. The Imperial army had an 492: 428:, Osprey Publishing 2002. 247: 192: 179: 152: 112: 103: 95: 29:This article includes a 58:more precise citations. 193:Casualties and losses 164:Old Swiss Confederacy 307:Swiss Confederates 31:list of references 476:Conflicts in 1499 367:), others with a 285: 284: 205: 204: 174:Holy Roman Empire 148: 147: 84: 83: 76: 483: 424:Richards, John: 242: 231: 224: 217: 208: 172: 162: 120:20 February 1499 114: 113: 108: 88: 79: 72: 68: 65: 59: 54:this article by 45:inline citations 24: 23: 16: 491: 490: 486: 485: 484: 482: 481: 480: 451: 450: 421: 416: 288: 287: 286: 281: 243: 238:Battles of the 237: 235: 136: 132:, southeast of 80: 69: 63: 60: 49: 35:related reading 25: 21: 12: 11: 5: 489: 487: 479: 478: 473: 468: 463: 461:1499 in Europe 453: 452: 447: 446: 437: 420: 417: 415: 412: 381:muzzle-loading 326:Lake Constance 283: 282: 280: 279: 274: 269: 264: 259: 254: 248: 245: 244: 236: 234: 233: 226: 219: 211: 203: 202: 199: 195: 194: 190: 189: 186: 182: 181: 177: 176: 166: 155: 154: 150: 149: 146: 145: 142: 138: 137: 128: 126: 122: 121: 118: 110: 109: 101: 100: 93: 92: 91:Battle of Hard 86: 85: 82: 81: 64:September 2014 39:external links 28: 26: 19: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 488: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 462: 459: 458: 456: 449: 444: 443: 438: 435: 434:1-84176-243-1 431: 427: 423: 422: 418: 413: 411: 409: 403: 399: 397: 393: 389: 385: 382: 379:or primitive 378: 374: 370: 366: 362: 357: 354: 349: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 318: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 295: 278: 275: 273: 270: 268: 265: 263: 260: 258: 255: 253: 250: 249: 246: 241: 232: 227: 225: 220: 218: 213: 212: 209: 200: 197: 196: 191: 187: 184: 183: 178: 175: 171: 167: 165: 161: 157: 156: 151: 144:Swiss victory 143: 140: 139: 135: 131: 130:Hard, Austria 127: 124: 123: 119: 116: 115: 111: 107: 102: 99: 94: 89: 78: 75: 67: 57: 53: 47: 46: 40: 36: 32: 27: 18: 17: 448: 440: 425: 404: 400: 360: 358: 350: 319: 303:Maximilian I 291: 289: 251: 153:Belligerents 96:Part of the 70: 61: 50:Please help 42: 471:Swabian War 439:SFwV SSGA: 386:called the 299:Swabian War 262:Schwaderloh 240:Swabian War 98:Swabian War 56:introducing 455:Categories 419:References 414:References 315:Reisläufer 292:Battle of 257:Bruderholz 392:artillery 377:crossbows 371:called a 353:Lauterach 388:arquebus 384:firearms 334:Lustenau 305:and the 267:Frastanz 180:Strength 125:Location 408:Bregenz 396:knights 373:halberd 369:polearm 330:Bregenz 322:Austria 311:Swabian 277:Dornach 198:Unknown 185:Unknown 134:Bregenz 52:improve 432:  361:spiess 338:Höchst 272:Calven 188:10,000 141:Result 346:Rhine 201:Heavy 37:, or 430:ISBN 365:pike 342:Hard 336:and 294:Hard 290:The 252:Hard 117:Date 457:: 317:. 41:, 33:, 436:. 363:( 230:e 223:t 216:v 77:) 71:( 66:) 62:( 48:.

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Swabian War

Hard, Austria
Bregenz

Old Swiss Confederacy

Holy Roman Empire
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e
Swabian War
Hard
Bruderholz
Schwaderloh
Frastanz
Calven
Dornach
Hard
Swabian War
Maximilian I
Swiss Confederates
Swabian

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