209:
198:
189:
178:
136:
390:, were highly popular among the Egyptian public; when Egyptian authorities established offices to register the names of workers who wished to resign from their jobs and "contribute to the national struggle", 91,572 Egyptians registered their names in the period from 16 October 1951 to 30 November 1951. Local contractors around the Canal Zone (the British term for their area of occupation in Egypt) also ceased to supply provisions to British forces in Egypt, then numbering in 80,000 strong, in solidarity with the
554:
303:
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121:
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522:
The spontaneous anti-British protests that followed the battle were quickly seized upon by organized elements in the crowd, who burned and ransacked large sectors of Cairo amidst the unexplained absence of
Egyptian security forces. The fire is thought by some to have signalled the end of the Kingdom
506:
On the morning of
Saturday, January 26, 1952, the news of the incident spread throughout Egypt, and the Egyptians received this news with anger and discontent, and massive demonstrations took place in Cairo, and police and soldiers participated with university students in their demonstrations, and
489:
was a major key figure who volunteered in the battle. Both sides had suffered minor casualties: the
British suffered 13 soldiers killed and 22 wounded, while the policemen had more substantial losses- 56 killed and 73 wounded. All policemen who survived the engagement were taken captive by British
281:
to a government building in
Ismailia, the policemen inside refused to acceded to British demands to come outside, surrender their weapons and evacuate the region. When the building's occupants shot and killed a British negotiator, Erskine ordered his troops to attack and capture the building.
523:
of Egypt. The perpetrators of the Cairo Fire remain unknown to this day, and the truth about this important event in modern
Egyptian history has yet to be established. The disorder that befell Cairo during the 1952 fire has been compared to the chaos that followed the
285:
In the ensuing confrontation, which took place over two hours, the
British captured the building after suffering 13 killed and 22 wounded. 56 Egyptian policemen were killed and 73 wounded, and when news of the engagement was publicized the next day it sparked the
453:
to communicate to the occupants of the building that they were to hand over their weapons, evacuate the building and leave the area completely or face an attack. The policemen rebuffed
Erskine's demands and contacted Egyptian
485:, they continued to resist for over an hour. The British eventually managed to captured the building after two hours of fighting, when the Egyptians ran out of ammunition. Captain
515:, and further caused the deterioration of King Farouk's popularity to the highest level, which paved the way for the officers to launch the July 23 Movement led by Major General
676:
1026:
413:
and provided them with equipment, training and supplies, which the
British were aware of. In late 1951 and early 1952, British troops had carried out numerous anti-
331:
910:
1419:
1399:
1394:
527:, which saw demonstrations take place amidst massive arson and looting, an inexplicable withdrawal of the police, and organized prison-breaking.
1069:
1038:
1302:
383:
1369:
319:
1194:
Mason, M. (1991). "'The decisive volley': The battle of
Ismailia and the decline of British influence in Egypt, January-July, 1952".
1364:
659:
1157:
1414:
417:
operations around the Canal Zone, including one in
Ismailia on 19 January 1952 in response to an outbreak of violence which saw
462:, who communicated back that he approved their actions and told them to stand firm and not surrender under any circumstances.
1389:
465:
After a shot fired from inside the building killed the British negotiator, Erskine ordered his troops, which included the
1124:
885:"MilitaryHistoryOnline.com - Egypt's Canal Zone Guerrillas: The 'Liberation Battalions' and Auxiliary Police, 1951-1954"
455:
1379:
1374:
531:
524:
99:
1409:
1404:
1384:
937:"'The decisive volley': The battle of Ismailia and the decline of British influence in Egypt, January-July, 1952"
482:
327:
291:
268:
37:
469:, to attack the building. Though the Egyptian policemen were greatly outmatched, being equipped solely with
553:
1359:
751:
776:
96:
Attacks on British soldiers by Egyptian guerrillas in the Suez Canal Zone increase and get more violent
698:
1086:
535:
466:
402:
351:
1327:
884:
382:, resulted in 33 British servicemembers being killed and 69 wounded and led to a sharp breakdown in
834:
616:
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598:
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401:, which was in the Canal Zone and thus under British control, was host to the headquarters of the
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45:
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20:
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1034:
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784:
655:
387:
371:
355:
1268:
1257:"The Myth of the Savior: Egypt's "Just Tyrants" on the Eve of Revolution, January-July 1952"
1203:
948:
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446:
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75:
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16:
Armed confrontation between the British army and Egyptian police in Ismailia, Egypt
1229:
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449:, had allowed them to take shelter. Erskine arranged for a negotiator who spoke
1207:
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511:, which were filled with angry masses. This angry atmosphere caused the
421:
guerrillas kill two British soldiers and a nun and wound nine soldiers.
310:
in Ismalia on 19 January 1952 after an outbreak of violence in the area.
470:
1303:"EGYPT (BRITISH MILITARY ACTION, ISMAILIA) (Hansard, 31 January 1952)"
1272:
534:
that is celebrated every year. It also became a national holiday for
409:
attacks. Egyptian security forces in the area were supportive of the
699:"Remembering Salah Zulfikar on His 97th Birth Anniv. | Sada Elbalad"
538:, and in 2009 January 25 of each year became an official holiday in
437:
tanks surrounded an Egyptian government building (which contained a
539:
508:
497:
301:
141:
474:
346:, the British occupation zone had shrunk to the area around the
1064:. Books of Lasting Value. American University in Cairo Press.
860:"Meet Ismailia, Egypt's first company town - Walks - Heritage"
678:
Post 1952 Egypt And The British-egyptian Relations (1952-1956)
1031:
The New Middle East: Protest and Revolution in the Arab World
445:
that had fled into the building; the occupants, 880 Egyptian
1033:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 60–79,
386:. These attacks, though not official supported by the
1001:"Al-Ahram Weekly | 1952 - 2002 | The long revolution"
752:"Egypt - World War II and its aftermath | Britannica"
1027:"Egypt's Modern Revolutions and the Fall of Mubarak"
810:"69th Police Day and January Revolution Celebration"
354:
opposed to the occupation organized themselves into
441:) in Ismailia. The British had followed a group of
255:was an armed confrontation which took place in the
654:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 284.
1113:by Tarek Osman, Yale University Press, 2010, p.39
911:"British Troops Engage In The Battle Of Ismailia"
364:and launched attacks on British forces in Egypt.
1261:Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt
1196:The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History
941:The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History
1328:"Egypt's police: From liberators to oppressors"
30:
429:On 25 January, a British force led by General
975:"BATTLE IN ISMAILIA CHANGED COURSE OF EVENTS"
502:An Egyptian newspaper reporting on the battle
8:
1025:Cole, Juan (2013), Gerges, Fawaz A. (ed.),
645:
643:
525:anti-government protests of 25 January 2011
507:demonstrations broke out in the streets of
332:British recognition of Egypt's independence
652:The World Transformed: 1945 to the present
27:
727:"Suez Canal Zone | National Army Museum"
693:
691:
639:
549:
433:and consisting of 7,000 soldiers and 6
721:
719:
835:"The Road to the Suez Crisis of 1956"
50:Egyptian forces during the engagement
7:
1420:Battles involving the United Kingdom
1156:Muhammad, Mohsen (3 February 2011).
1123:Hassan, Fayza (24–30 January 2002).
684:(MA thesis). Ahmed Draia University.
14:
473:compared to the British, who had
1085:Wright, Lawrence (23 May 2008).
624:
615:
606:
597:
588:
579:
570:
561:
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207:
196:
187:
176:
166:
155:
134:
119:
44:
1400:History of Egypt (1900–present)
1234:Egypt State Information Service
935:Mason, Michael (January 1991).
342:control over the region. After
263:on 25 January 1952 between the
1395:Egypt–United Kingdom relations
1100:– via www.newyorker.com.
1062:Historical Dictionary of Egypt
384:Egypt–United Kingdom relations
271:. After British forces led by
1:
889:www.militaryhistoryonline.com
306:British troops searching for
1230:"Egypt: The 70th Police Day"
370:attacks, which consisted of
1168:(in Arabic). Archived from
1060:King, Joan Wucher (1989) .
530:January 25 turned into the
350:. Beginning in the 1950's,
100:Egyptian Revolution of 1952
1436:
483:armoured fighting vehicles
338:, though Britain retained
290:and eventually led to the
18:
1370:Arab nationalism in Egypt
1208:10.1080/03086539108582828
953:10.1080/03086539108582828
232:
217:
148:
111:
54:
43:
35:
1365:20th-century revolutions
1158:
1125:"Burning down the house"
650:Hunt, Michael H (2004).
456:Minister of the Interior
328:1919 Egyptian Revolution
292:1952 Egyptian Revolution
38:decolonisation of Africa
19:Not to be confused with
1415:Battles involving Egypt
839:www.britishempire.co.uk
314:Beginning in 1882, the
1087:"The Rebellion Within"
503:
405:and thus a target for
311:
149:Commanders and leaders
1255:Gordon, Joel (1989).
1133:(570). Archived from
777:"TRAGEDY AT ISMAILIA"
501:
352:Egyptian nationalists
305:
233:Casualties and losses
1390:Egyptian nationalism
915:www.britishpathe.com
675:Ayoub Gacem (2018).
536:Ismailia Governorate
467:Lancashire Fusiliers
1162:[Khusara].
814:Egyptian Presidency
783:. 26 January 1952.
532:National Police Day
519:in the same year.
447:auxiliary policemen
388:government of Egypt
320:occupation of Egypt
275:tracked a group of
1380:Cold War in Africa
1375:Cold War conflicts
1175:on 6 February 2011
1137:on 8 November 2009
1111:Egypt on the Brink
781:The New York Times
756:www.britannica.com
504:
324:Anglo-Egyptian War
312:
253:Battle of Ismailia
31:Battle of Ismailia
21:Battle of Ismailia
1410:Protests in Egypt
1405:Politics of Egypt
1385:Conflicts in 1952
1334:. 24 January 2011
1332:Egypt Independent
1307:api.parliament.uk
1236:. 23 January 2022
1071:978-977-424-213-7
1040:978-1-107-02863-0
981:. 28 January 1952
372:irregular warfare
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460:Fouad Serageddin
403:British military
356:guerrilla groups
336:Kingdom of Egypt
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87:British victory
76:Kingdom of Egypt
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334:in 1922 as the
326:broke out. The
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269:Egyptian police
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223:7,000 soldiers
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62:25 January 1952
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517:Mohamed Naguib
495:
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487:Salah Zulfikar
431:George Erskine
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316:British Empire
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273:George Erskine
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213:Mostafa Refaat
203:Salah Zulfikar
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162:George Erskine
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172:Kenneth Exham
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22:
1336:. Retrieved
1331:
1322:
1310:. Retrieved
1306:
1297:
1264:
1260:
1250:
1238:. Retrieved
1233:
1224:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1177:. Retrieved
1170:the original
1163:
1151:
1139:. Retrieved
1135:the original
1128:
1118:
1110:
1106:
1094:. Retrieved
1090:
1080:
1061:
1055:
1044:, retrieved
1030:
1020:
1008:. Retrieved
1004:
995:
983:. Retrieved
978:
969:
947:(1): 45–64.
944:
940:
930:
918:. Retrieved
914:
904:
892:. Retrieved
888:
879:
867:. Retrieved
864:Ahram Online
863:
854:
842:. Retrieved
838:
829:
817:. Retrieved
813:
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792:. Retrieved
780:
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759:. Retrieved
755:
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734:. Retrieved
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702:
677:
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651:
529:
521:
505:
464:
442:
428:
418:
414:
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406:
397:The city of
396:
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367:
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344:World War II
339:
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284:
276:
265:British Army
252:
250:
112:Belligerents
86:
36:Part of the
25:
1338:14 February
1312:14 February
1267:: 223–237.
1240:14 February
1165:Al Gomhuria
1046:14 February
1010:14 February
985:14 February
920:14 February
894:14 February
869:14 February
844:14 February
794:14 February
761:14 February
736:14 February
708:14 February
330:led to the
193:Ahmed Raef
1354:Categories
1179:6 February
1141:6 February
634:References
513:Cairo fire
479:field guns
348:Suez Canal
322:after the
298:Background
288:Cairo fire
245:73 wounded
243:56 killed
240:22 wounded
238:13 killed
92:Cairo fire
1281:0065-9991
1216:161690064
1202:: 45–64.
1173:(Reprint)
1096:4 October
961:0308-6534
819:4 October
789:0362-4331
494:Aftermath
435:Centurion
358:known as
1289:40000710
703:see.news
490:forces.
471:firearms
443:fedayeen
439:barracks
419:fedayeen
415:fedayeen
411:fedayeen
407:fedayeen
399:Ismailia
392:fedayeen
376:sabotage
374:such as
368:Fedayeen
361:fedayeen
340:de facto
308:fedayeen
278:fedayeen
261:Ismailia
259:city of
257:Egyptian
218:Strength
72:Ismailia
67:Location
979:Mercury
546:Gallery
225:6 tanks
1287:
1279:
1214:
1068:
1037:
959:
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