116:
706:, who was escaping from Cao Cao's pursuit, they then joined forces and went to Xiakou to ask help from Sun Quan. As Jiangxia was famous for being the cradle of the Huang clan, Sun Quan gave up the idea to hold the city after he received news that Cao Cao had acquired northern Jing Province. Liu Biao's general
552:, who defected from Huang Zu to Sun Quan's side, suggested to his new lord to prepare a full assault on Jiangxia. Gan Ning mentioned that Huang Zu was already old, and his right-hand men only knew how to do business and bully lower-ranked officials, and Huang's arsenal had not been replenished for some time.
608:
as the admiral, but he would stay behind the high walls of
Jiangxia to avoid conflict in the frontline. Before the battle started, Zhang Shuo led his troop on a large vessel to reconnoitre the riverbank, but was located by Ling Tong, who was also scouting the area. At the time, Ling Tong only had
659:
Unable to resist Sun Quan's forces, Huang Zu fled the city, but was caught up and killed by a horseman named Feng Ze. His head was specifically requested by Sun Quan to be placed inside a container for examination. After receiving Huang Zu's head, Sun Quan presented it as a sacrifice at his late
609:
tens of his closest warriors on a light vessel, yet he was able to climb Zhang Shuo's vessel probably under the cover of nightfall or the disguise as Zhang's own men, and surprised his enemy. Zhang Shuo was slain by Ling Tong, and his mariners were captured.
643:, along with 100 "die-hard" soldiers, don two suits of armour each and charge towards the enemy despite the crossfire. Through fierce fighting, Ling and Dong finally succeeded in breaking the connections between the two vessels, and the downfall of the
685:, and had not been avenged. Thus, Ling Tong would attempt to provoke Gan Ning during a banquet held in Lü Meng's house some time later. In the end, Sun Quan settled this conflict by "exiling" Gan Ning to Half Island, which Ling Tong perceived as fair.
765:, Volume 55, Biographies of Cheng, Huang, Han, Jiang, Zhou, Chen, Dong, Gan, Ling, Xu, Pan, and Ding. Zhang Zhao argued that Sun Quan's territories in the Wu region were unstable and rebellions might break out if the army was away.
697:
wanted to succeed Huang Zu's position, and went east after Sun Quan took away the captives. However, Liu Qi was not allowed the time to solidify his control over
Jiangxia because northern Jing Province had been incorporated into
623:) covered with ox-hide at the choke point. In addition, Huang had strong men and archers positioned on top of the cliff next to the river to throw down rocks and fire on large enemy vessels. To bring down Huang Zu's
627:, Zhou Yu sent out his large vessels, but they were blocked by the rocks thrown down from the cliff. After several hours of fighting, Zhou Yu realized that he could not advance against the heavy crossfire from the
651:. With the admiral gone, Huang Zu's massive navy was annihilated by Sun Quan's smaller forces. Meanwhile, Ling Tong had led a separate command to capture Jiangxia, achieving this before the naval victory.
983:
617:
Upon hearing the news that Zhang Shuo had been killed, Huang Zu immediately ordered Chen Jiu to block the entrance of
Miankou River with two of his largest capital ships (
188:
571:
as Front
Commander to regulate the operation. The campaign had two main objectives: elimination of Huang Zu, who was responsible for the death of Sun Quan's father
413:
973:
181:
373:
265:
419:
275:
702:'s domain without much resistance after his father died of illness. Therefore, Liu Qi stationed his troop at Han Ford, where he met
280:
388:
174:
445:
459:
330:
647:
s inspired the fighting spirit of Sun Quan's forces. Lü Meng even participated in melee combat, and killed Chen Jiu in a
739:
There were several tens of thousands of captives after the war, but the exact size of Huang Zu's army remains unknown.
694:
228:
923:
904:
576:
350:
295:
250:
233:
218:
779:
601:
579:; and conquest of Jiangxia, which stood in Sun Quan's path to dominating Jing Province (covering present-day
988:
556:
223:
213:
528:. The battle was the last part of a series of military engagements between Sun Quan and Liu Biao's general
383:
362:
270:
199:
28:
945:
916:
255:
847:, Volume 55, Biographies of Cheng, Huang, Han, Jiang, Zhou, Chen, Dong, Gan, Ling, Xu, Pan, and Ding.
834:, Volume 55, Biographies of Cheng, Huang, Han, Jiang, Zhou, Chen, Dong, Gan, Ling, Xu, Pan, and Ding.
821:, Volume 55, Biographies of Cheng, Huang, Han, Jiang, Zhou, Chen, Dong, Gan, Ling, Xu, Pan, and Ding.
808:, Volume 55, Biographies of Cheng, Huang, Han, Jiang, Zhou, Chen, Dong, Gan, Ling, Xu, Pan, and Ding.
795:, Volume 55, Biographies of Cheng, Huang, Han, Jiang, Zhou, Chen, Dong, Gan, Ling, Xu, Pan, and Ding.
752:, Volume 55, Biographies of Cheng, Huang, Han, Jiang, Zhou, Chen, Dong, Gan, Ling, Xu, Pan, and Ding.
398:
378:
342:
955:
Sakaguchi, Wazumi (ed.) (2005) 坂口和澄・著 Seishi
Sangokushi Gunyu Meimeiden 『正史三國志群雄銘銘傳』 Kojinsha:Tokyo.
533:
525:
240:
51:
958:
Watanabe, Seiichi (ed.) (2006) 渡辺精一・監修 Moichidomanabitai
Sangokushi 『もう一度学びたい 三国志』 Seitosha:Tokyo.
911:
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130:
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166:
938:
115:
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978:
677:
With Huang Zu killed, Sun Quan had taken his revenge; however, Ling Tong's father,
489:
393:
322:
710:, who defected to Cao Cao after Liu's death, became the new governor of Jiangxia.
748:(祖今年老，昏耄已甚，財谷並乏，左右欺弄，務於貨利，侵求吏士，吏士心怨。舟船戰具，頓廢不修，怠於耕農，軍無法伍。至尊今往，其破可必。) Chen Shou.
933:
564:
97:
899:
619:
560:
101:
707:
678:
661:
572:
549:
529:
521:
517:
110:
81:
76:
703:
699:
640:
568:
540:). The battle ended in a decisive victory for Sun Quan and his forces.
105:
93:
600:
In response to Sun Quan's aggression, Huang Zu assigned his general
730:
era, which corresponds to 4 Feb to 2 May 208 in the Julian calendar
584:
580:
537:
648:
681:, was killed by an arrow fired by Gan Ning during the previous
170:
639:
To change the tide of battle, Zhou Yu had Ling Tong and
804:(祖横两蒙冲挟守沔口，以栟闾大绁系石为碇，上有千人，以弩交射，飞矢雨下，军不得前。) Chen Shou.
494:
882:(先主斜趨漢津，適與羽船會，得濟沔，遇表長子江夏太守琦眾萬馀人，與俱到夏口。) Chen Shou.
488:
481:
476:
458:
444:
435:
16:
Battle between warlords Sun Quan and Liu Biao (208)
555:Despite opposition from his chief civil clerk,
21:
817:(襲與淩統俱為前部，各將敢死百人，人被兩鎧，乘大舸船，突入蒙沖裡。) Chen Shou.
464:
450:
182:
8:
473:
189:
175:
167:
18:
984:Battles during the end of the Han dynasty
726:1st to 3rd month of the 13th year of the
774:(統爲前鋒，與所厚健兒數十人共乘一船，常去大兵數十里。) Chen Shou.
761:(張昭時在坐，難曰："吳下業業，若軍果行，恐必致亂。) Chen Shou.
719:
673:Conflict between Ling Tong and Gan Ning
432:
7:
860:, Volume 47, Biography of Sun Quan.
62:Sun Quan victory; Huang Zu beheaded
886:, Volume 32, Biography of Liu Bei.
843:(时吕蒙败其水军，而统先搏其城，於是大获。) Chen Shou.
14:
780:Volume 55, Biography of Ling Tong
567:to be the naval commandant, and
516:was fought between the warlords
114:
791:(行入右江，斬黃祖將張碩，盡獲船人。) Chen Shou.
635:Fall of the great capital ships
495:
465:
451:
1:
974:Naval battles involving China
869:(...黃祖為孫權所殺，琦遂求代其任。) Fan Ye.
856:(祖挺身亡走，骑士冯则追枭其首) Chen Shou.
563:to lead the vanguard force,
559:, Sun Quan still appointed
1005:
229:Campaign against Dong Zhuo
905:Records of Three Kingdoms
884:Records of Three Kingdoms
858:Records of Three Kingdoms
845:Records of Three Kingdoms
832:Records of Three Kingdoms
819:Records of Three Kingdoms
806:Records of Three Kingdoms
793:Records of Three Kingdoms
776:Records of Three Kingdoms
763:Records of Three Kingdoms
750:Records of Three Kingdoms
506:
472:
440:
209:
153:
140:
87:
70:
34:
26:
446:Traditional Chinese
27:Part of the wars at the
830:(蒙勒前鋒，親梟就首) Chen Shou.
689:Abandonment of Jiangxia
460:Simplified Chinese
548:In the spring of 208,
201:end of the Han dynasty
88:Commanders and leaders
29:end of the Han dynasty
917:Book of the Later Han
871:Book of the Later Han
604:as the vanguard, and
536:(present-day eastern
281:Cao Cao vs. Zhang Xiu
154:Casualties and losses
950:Records of Later Han
577:Battle of Xiangyang
534:Jiangxia Commandery
526:Eastern Han dynasty
524:in 208 in the late
414:Jing Province (219)
389:Jing Province (215)
52:Jiangxia Commandery
514:Battle of Jiangxia
436:Battle of Jiangxia
22:Battle of Jiangxia
510:
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502:
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496:Jiāngxià Zhī Zhàn
483:Standard Mandarin
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198:Conflicts at the
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129:Zhang Shuo
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683:Battle of Xiakou
655:Doom of Huang Zu
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347:Northwest China
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42:Spring of 208 CE
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693:Liu Biao's son
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596:Initial clashes
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331:White Wolf Mtn.
315:Northern China
224:Eunuch massacre
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120:Chen Jiu
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477:Transcriptions
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873:, Volume 74.
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547:
513:
511:
490:Hanyu Pinyin
418:
394:Ba (215-216)
384:Xiaoyao Ford
337:
271:Yan Province
132:
123:
71:Belligerents
664:'s temple.
374:Yi Province
266:Xu Province
968:Categories
934:Sima Guang
928:Book of Wu
894:References
629:mengchongs
625:mengchongs
602:Zhang Shuo
591:The battle
557:Zhang Zhao
544:Background
399:Ruxu (217)
379:Ruxu (213)
946:Yuan Hong
900:Chen Shou
668:Aftermath
645:mengchong
620:mengchong
561:Ling Tong
351:Tong Pass
276:Jiangdong
251:Xiangyang
241:Yangcheng
102:Ling Tong
924:Wei Zhao
708:Wen Ping
679:Ling Cao
662:Sun Jian
613:Deadlock
606:Chen Jiu
573:Sun Jian
550:Gan Ning
530:Huang Zu
522:Liu Biao
518:Sun Quan
409:Fancheng
404:Hanzhong
367:Yangping
363:Qi Mtns.
338:Jiangxia
296:Yuan Shu
256:Chang'an
234:Xingyang
141:Strength
111:Huang Zu
82:Liu Biao
77:Sun Quan
47:Location
728:Jian'an
704:Liu Bei
700:Cao Cao
660:father
641:Dong Xi
575:at the
569:Zhou Yu
565:Lü Meng
359:Lucheng
355:Jicheng
261:Fengqiu
246:Jieqiao
149:30,000+
133:†
124:†
106:Dong Xi
98:Lü Meng
94:Zhou Yu
912:Fan Ye
695:Liu Qi
319:Liyang
311:Xiakou
306:Bowang
301:Guandu
291:Yijing
161:30,000
146:25,000
113:
59:Result
714:Notes
585:Hunan
581:Hubei
538:Hubei
343:Chibi
327:Nanpi
286:Xiapi
649:duel
583:and
520:and
512:The
466:江夏之战
452:江夏之戰
39:Date
979:208
587:).
532:in
970::
948:.
936:.
926:.
914:.
902:.
778:,
631:.
365:*
361:*
357:*
353:*
329:*
325:*
323:Ye
321:*
952:.
942:.
930:.
920:.
908:.
782:.
423:→
369:)
349:(
333:)
317:(
236:)
232:(
190:e
183:t
176:v
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