145:
468:
456:
439:
242:
310:
322:
287:
359:
503:
254:
372:
298:
398:
334:
277:
1916:
486:
346:
266:
385:
2505:
25:
2519:
1939:, eventually broke the Almohad line of defense decisively as they inflicted heavy casualties on the Almohads and established a breakthrough with gaps appearing in the enemy lines. This led to a possible spearhead. King Sancho VII then led his mounted knights through the gaps, exploiting them, and charged at the Caliph's tent.
1942:
The Caliph had surrounded his tent with a bodyguard of black slave-warriors. Though it was once claimed that these men were chained together to prevent flight, it is considered more likely that this results from a mistranslation of the word "serried", meaning a densely packed formation. The
Navarrese
2053:. In 1252, Ferdinand was preparing his fleet and army for invasion of the Almohad lands in Africa, but he died in Seville on 30 May 1252, during an outbreak of plague in southern Hispania; only his death prevented the Castilians from taking the war to the Almohad on the Mediterranean coast.
1943:
force led by their king Sancho VII broke through this bodyguard. The Caliph escaped, but the Moors were routed, leaving heavy casualties on the battlefield. The victorious
Christians seized several prizes of war; Muhammad al-Nasir's tent and standard were delivered to
1923:
The battle was fought at relatively close range, so that neither the
Almohads nor the Spaniards could use archers in the melee-dominated fight. Spanish knights became locked in close-quarter combat, in which they were superior to the Almohads.
2084:, the last major military encounter between large Christian and Muslim armies in Hispania. So, the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa seems to have been a true turning point in the history of the region, including the western Mediterranean sea.
1950:
Christian losses were far fewer, only about 2,000 men (though not so few as legend had it). The losses were particularly notable among the Orders: those killed included Pedro GĂłmez de
Acevedo (bannerman of the
2360:
According to the king of
Castile, "On their side 100,000 armed men fell in battle..." See Lynn Hunt, R. Po-chia Hsia, Thomas R. Martin, Barbara H. Rosenwein, and Bonnie Smith,
1209:
2307:
Lynn Hunt describes the battle as a "major turning point in the reconquista..." See Lynn Hunt, R. Po-chia Hsia, Thomas R. Martin, Barbara H. Rosenwein, and Bonnie Smith,
2253:
Guerra e ideologĂa en la España medieval: cultura y actitudes histĂłricas ante el giro de principios del siglo XIII: batallas de las Navas de Tolosa (1212) y Muret (1213).
1906:, a local shepherd who knew the area. On 16 July 1212, the Christian coalition caught the encamped Moorish army by surprise, and Alhaja was granted the hereditary title
576:
2595:
1975:
and simultaneously master of Leon, Castile, and
Portugal); Ruy DĂaz (master of the Order of Calatrava) was so grievously wounded that he had to resign his command.
2640:
42:
1928:"They attacked, fighting against one another, hand-to-hand, with lances, swords, and battle-axes; there was no room for archers. The Christians pressed on." â
2487:
2541:
2483:
Gomez, Miguel Dolan, "The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: The
Culture and Practice of Crusading in Medieval Iberia." PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2011.
1651:
1646:
1019:
2476:
136:
2182:
2072:, took control of Morocco. Later, the Marinids tried to recover the former Almohad territories in Iberia, but they were definitively defeated by
2620:
2068:
By 1252 the
Almohad empire was almost finished, at the mercy of another emerging Berber power. In 1269 a new association of Berber tribes, the
2665:
745:
569:
89:
740:
406:
61:
2645:
2610:
2590:
1874:
and other
European knights did not agree with Alfonso's merciful treatment of Jews and Muslims who had been defeated in the conquest of
1908:
1540:
1413:
2625:
2600:
2568:
2192:
1179:
907:
186:
68:
2660:
2605:
108:
1956:
1423:
1269:
1049:
144:
2348:
deremilitari.org. (2014, November 20). Three sources on the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212. De re
Militari. Retrieved from
2655:
2615:
562:
2650:
2390:
2349:
1438:
979:
326:
75:
1393:
663:
2630:
1716:
1373:
673:
46:
750:
1490:
1014:
718:
57:
760:
1570:
1495:
902:
151:
2010:. According to a letter from Alfonso VIII of Castile to Pope Innocent III, Baeza was evacuated and its people moved to
1321:
1998:
and sharply reduced the already declining power of the Moors in Iberia. Shortly after the battle, the Castilians took
1034:
984:
1244:
1204:
180:
2295:
Prof. Nick, National Museum of Las Navas de Tolosa, Spain. (2015). Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa Museum, Andalusia.
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2030:
1602:
1480:
1453:
1443:
1358:
1306:
1174:
1134:
1059:
1024:
949:
735:
713:
636:
616:
472:
2533:
1990:
The crushing defeat of the Almohads significantly hastened their decline both in the Iberian Peninsula and in the
1214:
35:
1691:
1632:
1612:
1607:
1565:
1510:
1485:
1475:
1448:
1428:
1104:
1064:
1044:
964:
708:
460:
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2161:
2153:
depicts a history where the Moors won at Las Navas de Tolosa and retained part of Spain into the 20th century.
2149:
2062:
2022:
1887:
1753:
1701:
1617:
1592:
1545:
1515:
1505:
1470:
1119:
1084:
1074:
668:
658:
611:
2108:
were the only major Muslim cities remaining in the Iberian peninsula. These three cities were the core of the
1368:
1284:
1239:
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807:
2585:
2136:
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1311:
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937:
932:
862:
832:
822:
790:
755:
693:
683:
443:
2156:
1971:(master of the Order of Santiago, died of wounds on 3 August), and Gomes Ramires (Portuguese master of the
82:
1679:
1674:
1587:
1274:
1259:
1254:
1169:
1114:
974:
897:
872:
780:
698:
621:
1139:
2077:
2073:
1765:
1696:
1418:
1408:
1316:
1109:
1089:
688:
490:
338:
1348:
2338:. Vol. III: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries. The Wisconsin University Press. p. 669.
2296:
2038:
1995:
1815:
1669:
1582:
1403:
1331:
1199:
1189:
1159:
1149:
1004:
959:
954:
892:
837:
703:
646:
631:
2510:
1839:
1786:
1711:
1388:
1326:
1224:
1009:
927:
922:
852:
775:
606:
350:
314:
286:
2109:
1952:
1879:
1847:
1843:
1823:
1769:
1706:
1530:
1458:
1363:
1219:
1129:
882:
847:
770:
765:
507:
290:
270:
246:
176:
376:
2564:
2188:
2140:
2125:
2054:
2026:
2018:
the number given is almost 100,000 Saracens, including children and women, who were captured.
1964:
1944:
1936:
1871:
1851:
1835:
1803:
1791:
1781:
1777:
1686:
1664:
1560:
1550:
1520:
1353:
1279:
1234:
1229:
1184:
1094:
1054:
1039:
994:
969:
917:
867:
842:
812:
802:
678:
641:
514:
415:
402:
363:
280:
2270:"The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: The Culture and Practice of Crusading in Medieval Iberia"
2350:
https://deremilitari.org/2014/11/three-sources-on-the-battle-of-las-novas-de-tolosa-in-1212/
2121:
2058:
1903:
1899:
1627:
1555:
1433:
1398:
1069:
817:
2184:
Christians and Moors in Spain. Vol 2 Latin documents and vernacular documents AD 1195â1614
2144:
1972:
1807:
1739:
1343:
1154:
1079:
887:
857:
827:
785:
626:
302:
258:
2380:, ed. Marek Tamm, Linda Kaljundi, Carsten Selch Jensen, (Ashgate Publishing, 2011), 224.
1898:
Alfonso crossed the mountain range that defended the Almohad camp, sneaking through the
2113:
2042:
2014:; Alfonso laid siege, killing 60,000 Muslims and enslaving many more. According to the
1886:(where the different armies of the Crusade gathered), with assaults and murders in the
1500:
1264:
1249:
1099:
1915:
2579:
1883:
1870:
There were some disagreements among the members of the Christian coalition; notably,
1819:
1790:
in the Spanish chronicles) led the Almohad army, made up of people from all over the
730:
276:
2524:
2117:
1999:
2391:"Three sources on the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 » De Re Militari"
2362:
The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures: A Concise History: Volume I: To 1740
2309:
The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures: A Concise History: Volume I: To 1740
2482:
2269:
1968:
1748:
1622:
588:
132:
24:
2500:
2101:
1875:
1757:
554:
201:
188:
2504:
2007:
1979:
1811:
389:
2105:
2050:
2011:
2003:
1831:
1746:), took place on 16 July 1212 and was an important turning point in the
2097:
2069:
2034:
1991:
1859:
2488:
La Casa de Valladares, del siglo XVII, estĂĄ en riesgo de desapariciĂłn
2093:
2006:, major fortified cities near the battlefield and gateways to invade
1855:
1827:
1773:
2477:
XenealoxĂa.org â GenealogĂa de Galicia â Valladares, Marquesado de
2297:
https://www.visit-andalucia.com/battle-of-navas-tolosa-museum-jaen
2240:
Las Navas de Tolosa, 1212: idea, liturgia y memoria de la batalla.
2046:
1914:
1850:. The threat to the Hispanic Christian kingdoms was so great that
2561:
Las Navas de Tolosa, 1212. Idea, liturgia y memoria de la batalla
2419:
Las Navas de Tolosa, 1212: idea, liturgia y memoria de la batalla
2322:
A General History of the Christian Era: The Papacy and the Empire
2471:
Las Navas de Tolosa: 1212, la batalla que decidiĂł la Reconquista
1842:
with a powerful army, invaded Christian territory, and captured
2378:
Crusading and Chronicle Writing on the Medieval Baltic Frontier
558:
1802:
In 1195, the Almohads defeated Alfonso VIII of Castile in the
18:
2311:, Second Edition (New York: Bedford/St. Martin's 2007), 391.
2469:, Universidad de Jaén, 1999. Re-edited with another title:
1806:. After this victory, they took several important cities:
2455:, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia PA 2004.
2364:, 2nd ed., (New York: Bedford/St. Martin's 2007), 391.
2374:
Riga and Rome: Henry of Livonia and the Papal Curia
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2255:Universidad Complutense, Madrid 2000/2003. p. 196
2096:, key to the control of the Strait of Gibraltar.
1994:a decade later. That gave further impulse to the
1926:
125:
2207:Gitlitz, David Martin and Linda Kay Davidson,
2061:(from 1228 over the following four years) and
2224:, (University of Wisconsin Press, 1975), 423.
2065:(the city capitulated on 28 September 1238).
1930:(The Latin Chronicle of The Kings of Castile)
570:
8:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2159:describes the battle in his historic novel
1764:, were joined by the armies of his rivals,
1882:. Previously, they had caused problems in
577:
563:
555:
122:
2421:, SĂlex Ediciones, Madrid 2012 (Spanish).
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2453:Reconquest and crusade in medieval Spain
2444:Nafziger, George F. and Mark W. Walton,
1935:Some of the Spanish knights, namely the
137:Spanish Christian-Muslim War (1172-1212)
2596:Battles involving the Almohad Caliphate
2263:
2261:
2173:
1846:, the stronghold of the knights of the
16:Part of the Reconquista in Spain (1212)
2538:Reader's Companion to Military History
2462:, University of Wisconsin Press, 1975.
2641:Battles involving the Knights Templar
2544:from the original on 26 February 2006
2448:, Greenwood Publishing Company, 2003.
2268:Gomez, Miguel Dolan (1 August 2011).
7:
2021:Thereafter, Alfonso VIII's grandson
1912:for his assistance to Alfonso VIII.
47:adding citations to reliable sources
2473:, Edhasa, Barcelona 2012 (Spanish).
2439:Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies
2016:Latin Chronicle of Kings of Castile
1776:rulers of the southern half of the
1743:
222:Spanish-Christian Coalition victory
2428:, Ariel, Barcelona 2005 (Spanish).
1919:Monument at Navas De Tolosa (1881)
1734:, known in Islamic history as the
14:
2517:
2503:
2434:Was Las Navas a decisive battle?
2334:Setton, Kenneth M., ed. (1975).
2324:, Vol.1, (B. Herder, 1913), 372.
2211:, (St.Martin's Press, 2000), 60.
1772:, in battle against the Almohad
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2534:"Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa"
2209:The Pilgrimage Road to Santiago
58:"Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa"
34:needs additional citations for
1957:Alvaro FernĂĄndez de Valladares
1:
2621:Military history of Andalusia
2124:, until finally taken by the
1732:Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
126:Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
2666:Massacres committed by Spain
152:Francisco de Paula Van Halen
2441:(JMIS), vol. 4, no. 1, 5â9.
2376:, Iben Fonnesberg-Schmidt,
2187:. Oxford University Press.
1641:Post-Reconquista Rebellions
2682:
2646:13th century in al-Andalus
2611:Battles involving Portugal
2591:Battles of the Reconquista
2162:The Crescent and the Cross
1978:Muhammad al-Nasir died in
502:
467:
455:
438:
371:
321:
253:
241:
149:Portrayal of the battle by
2626:Military history of Spain
2601:Battles involving Castile
2460:A History of the Crusades
2336:A History of the Crusades
2222:A History of the Crusades
2197:– via Google Books.
1754:medieval history of Spain
751:2nd San Esteban de Gormaz
746:1st San Esteban de Gormaz
597:
533:
520:
421:
230:
158:
142:
130:
2661:13th century in Portugal
2606:Battles involving Aragon
2451:OâCallaghan, Joseph F.,
2431:GarcĂa Fitz, Francisco,
2424:GarcĂa Fitz, Francisco,
2150:Tunnel Through the Deeps
2023:Ferdinand III of Castile
2656:13th century in Castile
2616:Battles of the Crusades
2563:, SĂlex, Madrid, 2012.
2465:Vara Thorbeck, Carlos,
2458:Setton, Kenneth Meyer,
2446:Islam at War: a history
2417:Alvira Cabrer, MartĂn,
2320:Guggenberger, Anthony,
2220:Setton, Kenneth Meyer,
2092:In 1292 Sancho IV took
1762:Alfonso VIII of Castile
473:Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada
444:Alfonso VIII of Castile
2651:13th century in Aragon
2559:MartĂn Alvira-Cabrer,
2274:Doctoral Dissertations
2251:MartĂn Alvira Cabrer:
2238:MartĂn Alvira Cabrer:
2037:in 1248; then he took
1933:
1920:
475:(Archbishop of Toledo)
461:Diego LĂłpez II de Haro
422:Commanders and leaders
2631:13th-century crusades
2467:El lunes de las Navas
2181:Smith, Colin (1989).
2078:Afonso IV of Portugal
2074:Alfonso XI of Castile
1918:
1766:Sancho VII of Navarre
741:Pallars and Ribagorza
534:Casualties and losses
491:Sancho VII of Navarre
327:Knights of St. George
2082:Battle of RĂo Salado
1996:Christian Reconquest
1982:shortly afterwards.
1623:2nd Granada campaign
1020:2nd Balearic Islands
995:1st Balearic Islands
202:38.28443°N 3.58286°W
43:improve this article
2511:Christianity portal
2426:Las Navas de Tolosa
2242:Madrid 2012, p. 332
1840:Strait of Gibraltar
1302:Las Navas de Tolosa
315:Knights Hospitaller
198: /
2110:Emirate of Granada
1953:Order of Calatrava
1921:
1880:Calatrava la Vieja
1866:Previous movements
1848:Order of Calatrava
1844:Salvatierra Castle
1770:Peter II of Aragon
1496:Shepherds' Crusade
1307:3rd AlcĂĄcer do Sal
1270:2nd AlcĂĄcer do Sal
1180:1st AlcĂĄcer do Sal
674:2nd Roncevaux Pass
612:1st Roncevaux Pass
508:Peter II of Aragon
291:Order of Calatrava
271:Kingdom of Navarre
247:Kingdom of Castile
207:38.28443; -3.58286
2636:Conflicts in 1212
2141:alternate history
2126:Catholic Monarchs
2055:James I of Aragon
1965:Order of Santiago
1945:Pope Innocent III
1937:Order of Santiago
1854:called Christian
1852:Pope Innocent III
1836:Muhammad al-Nasir
1834:. Then, in 1211,
1804:Battle of Alarcos
1792:Almohad Caliphate
1778:Iberian Peninsula
1736:Battle of Al-Uqab
1725:
1724:
903:AlmodĂłvar del RĂo
553:
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515:Muhammad al-Nasir
416:Almohad Caliphate
281:Order of Santiago
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2205:
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2198:
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2116:. Granada was a
2059:Balearic Islands
1745:
592:
579:
572:
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2145:science fiction
2134:
2112:, ruled by the
2090:
2088:Moorish Granada
1988:
1973:Knights Templar
1896:
1868:
1800:
1760:forces of King
1728:
1727:
1726:
1721:
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1608:Los Alporchones
1491:Vega de Granada
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586:Battles in the
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2586:1212 in Europe
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2569:978-8477377214
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2200:
2194:978-1800857742
2193:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2137:Harry Harrison
2133:
2130:
2114:Nasrid dynasty
2089:
2086:
2057:conquered the
2043:Medina-Sidonia
1987:
1984:
1909:Cabeza de Vaca
1895:
1892:
1888:Jewish Quarter
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1652:2nd Alpujarras
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1647:1st Alpujarras
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1636:
1635:
1630:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1516:Vega de Pagana
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1414:Mudéjar revolt
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1324:
1322:Aragonese raid
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1210:Central Iberia
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
970:Norwegian raid
967:
962:
957:
952:
946:
945:
941:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
799:
798:
794:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
727:
726:
722:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
655:
654:
650:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
603:
602:
598:
595:
594:
584:
582:
581:
574:
567:
559:
551:
550:
547:
546:
542:
540:
536:
535:
531:
530:
527:
523:
522:
518:
517:
512:
511:
510:
494:
493:
477:
476:
463:
447:
446:
432:
431:
427:
424:
423:
419:
418:
413:
411:
410:
393:
380:
367:
354:
341:
329:
317:
305:
293:
283:
273:
261:
249:
236:
233:
232:
228:
227:
224:
223:
220:
216:
215:
174:
172:
168:
167:
164:
156:
155:
140:
139:
128:
127:
121:
120:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2678:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2555:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2515:
2512:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2396:
2392:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2370:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2345:
2342:
2337:
2330:
2327:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2286:Nafziger, 87.
2283:
2280:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2196:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2177:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2158:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1925:
1917:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1904:MartĂn Alhaja
1902:Pass, led by
1901:
1900:Despeñaperros
1893:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1780:. The caliph
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1618:9th Gibraltar
1616:
1614:
1613:8th Gibraltar
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1603:7th Gibraltar
1601:
1599:
1598:La Higueruela
1596:
1594:
1593:6th Gibraltar
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1566:5th Algeciras
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1546:5th Gibraltar
1544:
1542:
1541:4th Algeciras
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1511:4th Gibraltar
1509:
1507:
1506:3rd Gibraltar
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1486:2nd Gibraltar
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1476:3rd Algeciras
1474:
1472:
1471:1st Gibraltar
1469:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1449:2nd Algeciras
1447:
1445:
1444:1st Algeciras
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
947:
943:
942:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
863:Piedra Pisada
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
823:Aqbat al-Bakr
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
800:
796:
795:
792:
791:3rd Barcelona
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
756:Valdejunquera
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
731:Day of Zamora
729:
728:
724:
723:
720:
719:2nd Barcelona
717:
715:
714:2nd Cellorigo
712:
710:
709:1st Cellorigo
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
694:Monte Laturce
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
659:1st Barcelona
657:
656:
652:
651:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
604:
600:
599:
596:
591:
590:
580:
575:
573:
568:
566:
561:
560:
557:
544:
543:
541:
538:
537:
532:
529:22,000â30,000
528:
526:12,000â14,000
525:
524:
519:
516:
513:
509:
499:
498:
497:
492:
482:
481:
480:
474:
464:
462:
452:
451:
450:
445:
435:
434:
429:
428:
426:
425:
420:
417:
414:
408:
404:
394:
391:
381:
378:
368:
365:
355:
352:
342:
340:
330:
328:
318:
316:
306:
304:
294:
292:
288:
284:
282:
278:
274:
272:
262:
260:
250:
248:
238:
237:
235:
234:
229:
221:
218:
217:
211:
183:, Andalusia,
182:
178:
173:
170:
169:
165:
162:
161:
157:
153:
146:
141:
138:
134:
129:
124:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: â
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2573:
2560:
2557:(in Spanish)
2546:. Retrieved
2537:
2525:Spain portal
2470:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2432:
2425:
2418:
2398:. Retrieved
2394:
2385:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2361:
2356:
2344:
2335:
2329:
2321:
2316:
2308:
2303:
2291:
2282:
2273:
2252:
2247:
2239:
2221:
2216:
2208:
2203:
2183:
2176:
2160:
2157:S.J.A Turney
2155:
2148:
2135:
2118:vassal state
2091:
2067:
2031:Jaén in 1246
2020:
2015:
1989:
1977:
1960:
1949:
1941:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1922:
1907:
1897:
1869:
1838:crossed the
1801:
1785:
1747:
1744:Ù
Űč۱ÙŰ© ۧÙŰčÙۧۚ
1735:
1731:
1729:
1659:North Africa
1577:15th century
1465:14th century
1369:4th Valencia
1301:
1291:13th century
1245:4th Santarém
1205:3rd Santarém
1145:2nd Santarém
1065:3rd Valencia
1035:2nd Zaragoza
1015:1st Santarém
950:2nd Valencia
944:12th century
908:1st Valencia
878:1st Zaragoza
797:11th century
781:Torrevicente
725:10th century
622:Orbieu River
617:Burbia River
587:
496:Left wing:
495:
479:Right wing:
478:
448:
231:Belligerents
166:16 July 1212
131:Part of the
105:
99:January 2024
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1969:Pedro Arias
1824:Guadalajara
1787:MiramamolĂn
1749:Reconquista
1717:2nd Tangier
1702:1st Tangier
1561:2nd Montiel
1481:3rd AlmerĂa
1399:3rd Seville
1327:2nd Majorca
1230:2nd Seville
1195:2nd Badajoz
1175:2nd AlmerĂa
1165:2nd Tortosa
1135:1st AlmerĂa
1120:1st Montiel
1075:1st Badajoz
1050:1st Granada
808:Calatañazor
736:1st Majorca
689:Guadalacete
664:1st Tortosa
653:9th century
601:8th century
589:Reconquista
205: /
177:Santa Elena
133:Reconquista
2580:Categories
2548:9 February
2400:9 December
2169:References
2132:In fiction
1961:comendator
1798:Background
1583:Collejares
1571:2nd Murcia
1536:GuadalmesĂ
1526:RĂo Salado
1424:1st Murcia
1384:2nd XĂ tiva
1379:1st XĂ tiva
1275:2nd Silves
1260:2nd Silves
1255:1st Silves
1170:2nd Lleida
1155:5th Lisbon
1115:4th Lisbon
1045:1st Lleida
1005:Candespina
1000:6th Toledo
985:Formentera
975:3rd Lisbon
955:Mollerussa
938:5th Toledo
933:4th Toledo
913:2nd Lisbon
898:3rd Toledo
873:2nd Toledo
761:1st Toledo
704:Polvoraria
647:1st Lisbon
637:RĂo QuirĂłs
632:Las Babias
449:Vanguard:
390:Occitanian
351:Portuguese
190:38°17âČ04âłN
69:newspapers
2128:in 1492.
2029:in 1236,
2008:Andalusia
2002:and then
1986:Aftermath
1980:Marrakech
1812:Plasencia
1758:Christian
1697:4nd Ceuta
1687:3nd Ceuta
1680:2nd Ceuta
1675:1st Ceuta
1588:Antequera
1439:Andalusia
1419:3rd Jerez
1409:2nd Jerez
1344:1st Jerez
1317:PenĂscola
1285:Talamanca
1240:2nd Ăvora
1225:Calatrava
1215:Tarragona
1200:Juromenha
1190:1st Ăvora
1140:Al-Ludjdj
1110:2nd Coria
1090:1st Coria
1025:Martorell
1010:Vatalandi
928:Consuegra
853:Golpejera
838:Barbastro
776:Estercuel
607:Covadonga
545:Very high
409:crusaders
392:crusaders
379:crusaders
366:crusaders
353:crusaders
193:3°34âČ58âłW
2542:Archived
2139:'s 1972
2070:Marinids
2063:Valencia
1816:Talavera
1808:Trujillo
1782:al-Nasir
1752:and the
1531:Estepona
1459:Iznalloz
1394:3rd Jaén
1354:Burriana
1339:2nd Jaén
1312:1st Jaén
1297:Al-DÄmĆ«s
1235:Abrantes
1130:Albacete
1105:Trancoso
980:Talavera
960:Balaguer
883:Sagrajas
848:Llantada
771:Simancas
766:Alhandic
699:Morcuera
669:Pancorbo
521:Strength
339:Narbonne
171:Location
2412:Sources
2122:Castile
2102:AlmerĂa
2098:Granada
2080:in the
2035:Seville
2027:CĂłrdoba
1992:Maghreb
1963:of the
1876:MalagĂłn
1860:crusade
1856:knights
1712:Melilla
1692:TĂ©touan
1551:Linuesa
1521:Getares
1374:Algarve
1364:El Puig
1359:CĂłrdoba
1332:PortopĂ
1280:Alarcos
1185:Palmela
1160:Sacavém
1150:Sacavém
1095:Ourique
1055:Corbins
1040:Cutanda
1030:Coimbra
918:Alcoraz
868:Morella
843:Paterna
833:Coimbra
803:Cervera
684:Albelda
679:Clavijo
549:~20,000
430:Centre:
407:Italian
377:Leonese
83:scholar
2567:
2437:, in:
2191:
2147:novel
2106:MĂĄlaga
2104:, and
2094:Tarifa
2049:, and
2033:, and
1894:Battle
1884:Toledo
1872:French
1830:, and
1828:Madrid
1820:Cuenca
1774:Muslim
1756:. The
1740:Arabic
1707:Asilah
1670:Strait
1633:MĂĄlaga
1628:Lucena
1556:Guadix
1454:MoclĂn
1434:Martos
1220:Cuenca
1085:Leiria
1060:AlcalĂĄ
923:Bairén
888:Tudela
818:Albesa
642:Oviedo
539:~2,000
403:German
364:French
219:Result
154:(1864)
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2051:CĂĄdiz
2047:Jerez
2039:Arcos
2025:took
2012:Ăbeda
2004:Ăbeda
2000:Baeza
1858:to a
1832:Uclés
1429:Ăcija
1265:Tomar
1250:Alvor
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