4232:, being the nearest available American support, were awakened by a radio call about 04:00. They flew in the dark to Lima Strip 36 at Na Khang to position themselves at the airstrip closest to Lima Site 85. The Ravens took up station over Lima Site 85 at dawn. At 05:15 Sullivan, from the US Embassy in Vientiane, decided to evacuate Lima Site 85. He gave a signal to US pilots at Udorn to begin the operation, which was due to start at 07:15. Sullivan did not realize that US technicians were no longer in control of their TSQ-81 equipment. Starting around 06:00, Pao's Hmong soldiers launched a counterattack against PAVN positions at the communication center, which was guarded by Cells 1 and 2, but their attacks were repelled and the PAVN held their positions. With the final Hmong counterattack on the communication site defeated at 06:25, Cell 2 was ordered to support Cells 3 and 5 in their fight at the main TACAN installation. By 06:35, the PAVN fully controlled the TACAN site. At the airstrip, Cell 4 was encircled by an estimated two Hmong platoons, but Chom and his unit were able to fight their way out by taking full advantage of rough terrain which favored them. Later, Cell 4 linked up with other units at the TACAN site.
4161:
Phou Pha Thi. Once the PAVN formation had arrived at their assembly area, they were to be divided into two assault groups. The first assault group, under Muc's direct command, was divided into five "cells" to attack key targets at Lima Site 85. Cells 1 and 2 were given the mission of capturing the communications center, with the latter given the secondary role of supporting Cell 3, which was given the main mission of seizing the TACAN site and eliminating all US personnel. Cell 4 was to capture the airstrip, and Cell 5 was placed in reserve. Second
Lieutenant Nguyen Viet Hung was given responsibility to lead the second assault group with the mission of neutralizing the Thai positions. The attack would commence during the early hours of 9 or 10 March.
4222:
of the mountain, where they hid on the edge of the cliff. From their hideout, the US technicians fired on the North
Vietnamese with their M16s and hand grenades. At 04:15, in response to the gunfire from the US technicians, Muc ordered Cell 5 to reinforce Cell 3, and they captured the TACAN installation at 04:30 after 45 minutes of fighting. Meanwhile, Cell 4 had great difficulties in their attempt to seize the airstrip, where they were blocked by a Hmong mortar position. Le Ba Chom, the commander of Cell 4, was isolated from the other three soldiers of his cell. To avoid being captured alive by the numerically superior Hmong forces, Chom and his soldiers held onto their position and fought till daybreak.
4236:
organized a defense around the TACAN site, and hid their dead and wounded comrades under the large rocks which dotted Phou Pha Thi. While US fighter-bombers strafed the TACAN site, the Air
America helicopter landed on the airstrip and they picked up two CIA officers, one forward air-controller, and five technicians who hid during the firefight. Later in the day, Air America was able to recover or account for eight of the dead US personnel on Lima Site 85, along with a number of wounded Hmong soldiers. By midday, Lima Site 85 was fully controlled by the PAVN 41st Special Forces Battalion, and they held the facility until 14 March when they withdrew from the area.
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Laotian territory. On 18 December 1967, following their intensive training, soldiers of the PAVN 41st
Special Forces Battalion launched the first phase of their operation by conducting terrain reconnaissance and watching activities on Lima Site 85 to learn their opponent's routines. As part of the second phase, commenced on 22 January 1968, six PAVN sappers were sent out to climb Phou Pha Thi, to pinpoint opposing positions in and around Lima Site 85, as well as routes of withdrawal. On 28 February 1968, the PAVN Special Forces completed their preparations, and they began marching towards their assembly point on 1 March.
4218:
side was higher and was covered by buildings. Precisely at 03:45, Cell 1 moved to within 30 meters (98 ft) of the communications center, when they bumped into a Hmong outpost. Both sides exchanged fire, and the outpost was destroyed by a grenade while the Hmong soldier guarding the post retreated. Shortly after, a soldier from Cell 1 fired an RPG-7 grenade which destroyed the TACAN antenna. Within 15 minutes, Cells 1 and 2 had secured the communications site. Signaled by the explosion of Cell 1's RPG-7 round, Cell 3 immediately attacked the TACAN installation by firing one of their own RPG-7s, which destroyed the electric generators.
4245:
strike sorties against the radar site, and on 19 March an A-1 fighter-bomber destroyed every building at the facility. In addition to the destruction of their radar equipment, the USAF bombing of Lima Site 85 may also have had the effect of obliterating the bodies of US personnel left behind at the site (two sets of remains were found in 2013). In the days following the loss of Phou Pha Thi, Sullivan reflected on the disaster at Lima Site 85 and commented that US technicians operating there should have been evacuated on 10 March, when it became amply clear the PAVN were preparing to launch an assault.
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kilograms (93 lb) to 45 kilograms (99 lb). Shortly after the PAVN Special Forces arrived at the assembly point, they moved off to an undisclosed location for two days to test-fire all their weapons, and to ensure their explosives were in working order. Then, in an attempt to fool Hmong and US intelligence, the North
Vietnamese made diversionary movements against Muong Son to cover their main assault. On 9 March, elements of the PAVN 41st Special Forces Battalion arrived in the vicinity of Phou Pha Thi, where they made final preparations for their assault.
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Phou Pha Thi. At around 18:00 on 10 March, Lima Site 85 was subjected to a series of artillery barrages. Under the cover of the artillery bombardment, the PAVN Special Forces sent a small team up the mountain to defuse mines and quick-fuse grenades, and to establish their routes of infiltration. Inside the facility, US technicians grabbed their weapons and ran into trenches and bunkers, abandoning the equipment which could enable them to call for air support. At 19:45 the barrage stopped, and the US technicians returned to their positions.
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the PAVN moved into their assigned positions to launch their attack. About 02:00, a US adviser at the airstrip reported to Secord and CIA officers at Udorn that he heard gunfire on top of Phou Pha Thi, and communication with US technicians at Lima Site 85 was cut off. Afterwards, Secord briefed US A-1 Skyraider pilots in
Thailand on the situation at Lima Site 85, to familiarize them with friendly positions around the facility, so they could cover the evacuation of US personnel and support the Hmong counterattack.
3770:, the facility was upgraded with the TSQ-81, which could direct and control attacking jet fighters and bombers to their targets and provide them with precise bomb release points. It began operating in late November 1967 as Operation Commando Club. To operate the equipment within the limitations imposed by the Laotian Prime Minister, USAF personnel assigned to work at the installation had to sign paperwork that temporarily released them from military service, and to work in the guise of civilian technicians from
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Hmong and Thai soldiers were killed, and a number of others were wounded. A large number of weapons were captured by the PAVN, including one 105 mm howitzer, one 85 mm artillery piece, four recoilless rifles, four heavy mortars, nine heavy machine guns, and vast amounts of ammunition. The PAVN victory proved to be a significant one, as they had succeeded in knocking out a major asset of the USAF, which had inflicted heavy damage to North
Vietnam's limited industrial infrastructure.
4099:, in one of its few air attacks during the conflict, tried to destroy the radar at Lima Site 85. The An-2s flew over Phou Pha Thi, and their crewmen dropped 120 mm mortar shells through the aircraft's floor and then strafed their targets with 57 mm rockets mounted on the wing pods. As they repeatedly attacked the facility, ground fire heavily damaged one AN-2, and it crashed into a mountainside. By now, CIA officers and US controllers at Lima Site 85 had managed to contact an
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own defense to hold the radar facility. The Battle of Lima Site 85 resulted in the largest single ground combat loss of USAF personnel during the
Vietnam War. A total of 12 US personnel went missing or were killed in the fighting on Phou Pha Thi; 11 were killed or missing on the ground and one was shot dead during the evacuation. In addition a USAF A-1 searching for survivors was shot down and the pilot killed.
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combined PAVN and Pathet Lao forces probed Royal Laos Army positions in the area by launching several artillery attacks. On 10 January, a Pathet Lao patrol was driven from the area by the Hmong soldiers. Fearing the explosives attached to their equipment could be detonated by incoming artillery rounds, US technicians dismantled the charges and threw them over the cliff.
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air strikes against targets on the lower slopes of the mountain, on the basis that the situation had become critical. About 20 minutes later, the 33-man PAVN platoon began climbing towards the US facility at Lima Site 85. At 21:15 Sullivan considered evacuating all US personnel from the facility at first light. However, officers of the
4297:(JPAC) and unilaterally by Lao and Vietnamese investigators on both sides of the border. In 2002 two of the former PAVN soldiers who had taken part in the attack told investigators that they threw the bodies of the Americans off the mountain after the attack as they were unable to bury them on the rocky surface.
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The memorial consists of an AN/MSQ-77 (AN/TSQ-81) parabolic antenna poised at 45 degrees elevation... situated directly behind the ARC LIGHT Memorial, a B52D Stratofortress ... The aircraft and the radar are facing the
Vietnam theater, in solemn tribute to the men who flew the weapons and the men who
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For the USAF, the loss at Phou Pha Thi was not a result of intelligence failure, because it had been provided with accurate information from the very start. Instead, it was clearly a failure of command and control, as the US personnel and their Hmong allies were not permitted to freely organize their
4121:
Clarence F. Blanton, commander of USAF personnel at the facility, was given no authority to supervise his own perimeter or to order a retreat if they again came under attack. Throughout
January and February, intelligence collected by the Hmongs confirmed that a major assault on Lima Site 85 was being
4256:
The fight at Phou Pha Thi, which was part of a larger military campaign waged by the North Vietnamese and their Pathet Lao allies, marked the beginning of the Communist dry-season offensive against Laotian Government forces in northeastern Laos. By September 1968, the strength of PAVN and Pathet Lao
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The total casualty figures for PAVN, Pathet Lao, Hmong, and Thai units are unknown. According to official Vietnamese history, the PAVN 41st Special Forces Battalion suffered one soldier killed and two wounded in their fight for Lima Site 85. Against those losses, the Vietnamese claimed a total of 42
4185:
The TSQ-81 antenna received minor damage during the attack, and the US suffered no casualties. The only 105 mm howitzer, which was operated by the Hmongs, received a direct hit, and was rendered ineffective. At around 20:20, Sullivan gave the US commander at Lima Site 85 the authority to direct
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To maintain secrecy and surprise, Muc was ordered to avoid contact with local civilians and opposing military forces. In the event they were engaged by opposing forces, the PAVN would deploy a small force to deal with the situation while the main formation would continue moving to their objective on
4156:
Prior to the mission, Muc's soldiers had undergone nine months of special training, mainly focused on mountain fighting techniques and jungle operations. They also conducted physical conditioning, to improve their physical fitness and stamina to undertake operations in the most extreme conditions in
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The remaining An-2s had observed the attack from a distance and managed to escape without damage. Four Hmongs, two men and two women, had been killed by the North's attack. The TSQ-81 radar and associated equipment were undamaged. Shortly afterwards, what remained of one of the An-2 biplanes was put
3672:
Toward the end of 1967, PAVN units increased the tempo of their operations around Phou Pha Thi, and by 1968 several attacks were launched against Lima Site 85. In the final assault on 10 March 1968, elements of the PAVN 41st Special Forces Battalion attacked the facility, with support from
4300:
In March 2003, JPAC investigators threw dummies over the edge at those points indicated by the PAVN soldiers while a photographer in a helicopter videotaped their fall. That pointed the investigators to a ledge, 540 feet (160 m) below. Several mountaineer-qualified JPAC specialists scaled down
4235:
At first light Air America helicopters hovered over Lima Site 85 to start the evacuation, which was covered by USAF A-1 Skyraiders. Immediately, Hmong soldiers and their CIA commanders rushed the TACAN site and shouted to the US technicians that help was coming. In response, the PAVN Special Forces
4221:
Upon hearing the noise of explosions, the on-duty US technicians rushed out the front door of their operations building where they were met by PAVN gunfire. Blanton, the US commander at Lima Site 85, was killed alongside two other US technicians. Those who were not killed retreated to the west side
4217:
About 03:00 Cell 1 moved to within 150 meters (490 ft) of their objective, with Cell 5 positioned behind them. At the same time, the commander of Cell 4 decided to maneuver his unit to the west side of the airstrip instead of the east side as originally planned, because the terrain on the east
4213:
At 21:21 the PAVN resumed their artillery attack on Phou Pha Thi, followed by several infantry assaults by the PAVN 766th Regiment, which prompted Sullivan to order the evacuation of six technicians by 08:15 the next morning, from a contingent of 19 US personnel. Starting at 01:00 on 11 March,
4144:
Pathet Lao battalion. Consequently, US personnel at Lima Site 85 directed 342 air strikes within 30 meters (98 ft) of their own facility to disrupt their opponent's build-up during 20–29 February. Unknown to the USAF, the PAVN had also drawn up their plan to capture Lima Site 85 by deploying a
4038:
Secord's fears were justified, as USAF reconnaissance aircraft regularly flying over northeastern Laos in 1967 revealed that the paved roads constructed by the North Vietnamese were obviously approaching Phou Pha Thi. Road construction activities were observed along Routes 6 and 19, which connected
3814:
As USAF ground controllers were able to guide attacking aircraft against North Vietnamese targets in all types of weather, installation of the TSQ-81 radar system on Phou Pha Thi was considered to have been extremely successful during the final months of 1967. Yet a formerly top-secret after-action
4244:
Just before midday on 11 March, the USAF turned their attention from looking for their missing personnel to that of destroying the captured radar, along with all the documentation and operation information left behind at Lima Site 85. Between 12–18 March, the USAF conducted a total of 95
4181:
By 9 March 1968, the US facility atop Phou Pha Thi was surrounded by PAVN and Pathet Lao units. The PAVN 766th Regiment and one Pathet Lao battalion totalled more than 3,000 men. Despite the gravity of the situation, Sullivan did not issue an order for the evacuation of US personnel from
4143:
On 18 February 1968, a PAVN artillery survey team was ambushed near Lima Site 85 by Hmong reconnaissance teams, killing a PAVN officer in the process. The dead officer, who was a major, carried a notebook which revealed a plan to attack Phou Pha Thi by using three PAVN battalions and one
3805:
forces. Though substantial resources were invested to maintain the facility, the USAF command doubted Vang Pao's ability to defend the installation. Accordingly, all equipment had explosives attached so that if the site was overrun, it could be quickly destroyed. By late 1967, Lima Site 85's radar
4075:
were called in for night missions, targeting movements of the enemy ground troops on Route 6 and Route 19. On 14 January 1968, the situation in northeastern Laos continued to worsen, as an estimated four PAVN infantry battalions captured the Laotian government's stronghold at Nam Bac.
4050:
to evacuate all US personnel. However, high-ranking US officials insisted that Lima Site 85 should operate as long as possible, as it helped save the lives of US pilots every day it remained operational. In December 1967, a communist military offensive in the region was signalled by a series of
4273:
was under siege, and there existed an unprecedented flow of enemy logistical traffic which had to be interdicted. Lima Site 85 had provided direction to about a quarter of the USAF missions over North Vietnam and Barrel Roll from November 1967 to 11 March 1968. No other facility
4172:
rocket propelled grenade launchers. They carried 200 rounds of ammunition for each AK-47, six rounds for each RPG, 400 grams (14 oz) of explosives, and six hand grenades. The weapons load, in addition to 15 days of rations and other personal items, required each soldier to pack between 42
4087:
The defense of Lima Site 85 was assigned to two CIA paramilitary officers who led about 1,000 Hmong soldiers, with 200 men guarding the ridge line and the remaining 800 in the valley below. They were reinforced by a Thai Border Patrol Police battalion of 300 men. In the first week of 1968, the
4301:
the cliffs to the ledge where they recovered leather boots in four different sizes, five survival vests, and other fragments of material that indicated the presence of at least four Americans. The remains of three of the missing 11 servicemen were recovered and identified:
3642:, on 10 March 1968, and derives its name from the mountaintop where it was fought or from the designation of a 700-foot (210 m) landing strip in the valley below, and was the largest single ground combat loss of USAF members during the Vietnam War.
4017:
The trend of LS 85 being forced to use its capabilities toward defending itself instead of assisting offensive missions into North Vietnam is evident from the tables above. Successes of the system also brought about worries for the personnel on the ground. Major
4264:
Although airpower was to be a major factor in the defense of Lima Site 85, it could not be applied without limitations and restrictions. The defense of Lima Site 85 was not the sole focus of limited air resources at the time. During this period, the 1968
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forces in the Sam Neua area were estimated to have numbered more than 20 battalions. Against such heavy odds, General Vang Pao insisted on recapturing Phou Pha Thi, which the US Embassy believed unnecessary. On 1 November 1968, Pao launched
4058:
On 16 December, two Pathet Lao companies overran Phou Den Din, only 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) east of Lima Site 85. Shortly afterwards, Hmong units recaptured the village. Toward the end of 1967, US controllers at Lima Site 85 directed
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Monument, Vientiane's most important Buddhist shrine, as proof of North Vietnamese military activities in the kingdom. Despite the attack, the US Embassy in Vientiane and the USAF refused to alter their strategy for defending Lima Site 85.
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be assigned as on-site security. Ambassador Sullivan turned down the request. Sullivan repeatedly insisted the "civilian personnel" at Lima Site 85 should not be armed, but Secord decided to equip the technicians with weapons.
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signed on 23 July 1962. Therefore, the United States was prohibited from openly conducting military operations in the kingdom. Activities undertaken by the USAF in Laos had to be approved by the ambassador to Laos,
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site atop Phou Pha Thi; at the time they lacked a navigation site with sufficient range to guide U.S. bomber aircraft to their targets in North Vietnam. In 1967 the site was upgraded with the air-transportable all-weather
3801:, who spearheaded the allied war effort against North Vietnamese and Pathet Lao forces in Military Region 2, was entrusted with the task of guarding the facility using the Hmong Clandestine Army alongside CIA-funded Thai
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from the PAVN 41st Special Forces Battalion, led by First Lieutenant Truong Muc. The platoon numbered 33 soldiers, and they were reinforced by a nine-man sapper squad and a communications and cryptography squad.
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helicopter, which was faster than the Soviet-made biplanes. The Huey pilot Captain Ted Moore sighted the remaining An-2, and promptly gave chase. As he pulled alongside, flight mechanic Glenn Woods armed with an
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would not allow his country to be involved in an aerial offensive against North Vietnam. Souvanna Phouma did permit the installation, on the condition that it not be manned by U.S. military personnel.
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tribes that lived in the area, Phou Pha Thi was a place of religious significance. They believed it was inhabited by spirits possessing supernatural powers to exercise control over their lives. The
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aircraft (s/n 52-133888) on March 13, 1968, while searching for possible survivors of the battle, were positively identified from remains which had been returned on 3 September 1998.
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Despite the growing threat from North Vietnamese forces, the US military was still not permitted to reinforce the installation on Phou Pha Thi Mountain due to political sensitivities.
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During the Vietnam War and the Laotian Civil War, Phou Pha Thi mountain was an important strategic outpost which had served both sides at various stages of the conflict. In 1966, the
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At the same time, Commando Club was directing missions westward into Operation Barrel Roll's B Sector, as the North's forces bypassed LS 85 in their push deeper into Laos to attack
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contacted the US Embassy in Laos and indicated that evacuation should only occur as the last resort, when the situation on top of Phou Pha Thi was no longer under their control.
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fighter-bombers based in Thailand and South Vietnam in air strikes against North Vietnamese and Pathet Lao formations that were massing around the US facility at Phou Pha Thi.
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System, an autonomous radio transmitter that provided pilots and navigators with distance and bearing relative to the station on Phou Pha Thi. In 1967, under the code name
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4022:, who was responsible for the security of Lima Site 85, was concerned about the safety of the unarmed USAF technicians working there dressed as civilians. He requested
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the PAVN 766th Regiment and one Pathet Lao battalion. The Hmong and Thai forces defending the facility were overwhelmed by the combined PAVN and Pathet Lao forces.
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in attempt to retake Phou Pha Thi, but the operation quickly turned into a rout of the Royal Lao Army and the Hmong guerrillas and Phou Pha Thi was never retaken.
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radar bombing control system. This enabled American aircraft to bomb North Vietnam and Laos at night and in all types of weather, an operation code-named
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James Gary, arrived to augment the defenses by directing air strikes. He was replaced in this duty by Sergeant Roger D. Huffman on about 4 March.
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3797:, using Lima Site 85, the 700-meter (2,300 ft) airstrip constructed by the Central Intelligence Agency in the valley below. Hmong General
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The configuration of LS-85 mountaintop area included radar shelters ("Operations") with antennas and interior equipment normally in/on mobile
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were then brought in. Secord said that, given the site's meager defenses, he felt the site could not be held against a serious assault.
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existed to provide a similar coverage over these areas. While this loss was a serious blow to the USAF effort, it was not crippling.
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On 12 January, CIA spotters reported a four-aircraft formation flying in the direction of Lima Site 85. They were Soviet-made
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announced that the remains of Technical Sergeant Patrick L. Shannon had been identified and were being returned to his family.
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posthumously in September 2010 for his role in helping four injured airmen into the evacuation helicopter lift sling.}
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The U.S. facility atop of Phou Pha Thi, known as Lima Site 85, was the site of a major battle on 10 March 1968.
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electronics with antenna on top, and "LZ" is for the nearby helicopter Landing Zone. Also not shown are the
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The single fatality occurring during the evacuation was 1043rd Radar Evaluation Squadron member Air Force
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prepared, but Sullivan and the US military took no steps to strengthen the defenses. In late February, a
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of the airmen involved, the facility did not escape the attention of the PAVN and Pathet Lao forces.
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4083:"An Air Combat First" – CIA painting of Air America helicopter engaging 2 VPAF An-2 biplanes
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1187:
1082:
1034:
894:
880:
869:
843:
816:
721:
714:
660:
653:
602:
573:
561:
531:
477:
466:
429:
70:
3029:
1601:
4202:
3695:. The mountain, which is about 1,700 meters (5,600 ft) high, is located within the former
5253:
5234:
5215:
5196:
5177:
5160:
5150:
5122:
5103:
4370:
4286:
4187:
4123:
3915:
3596:
3490:
3437:
3409:
3395:
3353:
3170:
3120:
3062:
2953:
2710:
2571:
2502:
2174:
2127:
2036:
1884:
1844:
1656:
1649:
1411:
1362:
1238:
1152:
1101:
1020:
978:
952:
862:
796:
782:
740:
728:
641:
544:
538:
424:
317:
36:
4051:
skirmishes. On 15 December, CIA-led Hmong reconnaissance patrols detected both PAVN and
4290:
4258:
3416:
3213:
2698:
2452:
2436:
2417:
2386:
2373:
1778:
1763:
1692:
1619:
1532:
1510:
1432:
1401:
1369:
1311:
1053:
1013:
922:
915:
693:
623:
549:
508:
418:
410:
206:
4046:
Realizing the PAVN would try to destroy the installation, Secord advised the US Embassy in
3771:
3744:
2745:
2317:
1838:
1686:
1468:
1446:
1355:
1325:
1245:
1128:
1115:
1108:
1077:
836:
687:
609:
227:
147:
4095:
biplanes. Two aircraft continued towards Lima Site 85, while the others turned away. The
4193:
4832:
4346:
4335:
4319:
Likewise on 14 February 2007 the remains of Colonel Donald Westbrook, of the
4285:
Eleven of the twelve USAF personnel lost on the day of the battle were listed first as
4164:
To capture Lima Site 85, the PAVN Special Forces were equipped with three Chinese-made
4145:
4019:
3696:
3619:
3568:
3497:
3374:
3311:
3190:
3185:
2840:
2738:
2691:
2665:
2578:
2565:
1968:
1850:
901:
674:
555:
221:
5303:
4385:
4293:/body not recovered. Between 1994 and 2004, 11 investigations were conducted by both
4266:
4229:
4165:
4068:
4055:
battalions moving against Nam Bac, at the time the stronghold of the Royal Lao Army.
4040:
3600:
3196:
2846:
2832:
1757:
1565:
1519:
984:
829:
434:
216:
200:
175:
134:
4465:
5174:
Tragic Mountains: The Hmongs, the Americans, and the Secret War for Laos, 1942–1992
5037:
Etchberger's Air Force Cross memorial at Gunter AFB Enlisted Heritage Memorial Park
4899:. Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office. 7 December 2005. Archived from
4390:
4092:
4072:
4023:
3775:
3708:
3682:
3666:
3631:
3465:
3325:
3255:
3133:
3699:'s Military Region 2, and about 24 kilometers (15 mi) from the border of the
5082:
4060:
3778:. In reality, they operated as members of the USAF Circuit Rider teams from the
3592:
3547:
355:
44:
32:
5036:
4358:
4281:
The patch of the 1st AACS Mobile Communications Group present at Lima Site 85.
4113:
4079:
4052:
4032:
3793:, based at Udorn RTAFB in northeastern Thailand operating under the code name
3712:
3665:. Despite efforts to maintain the secrecy of the installation, which included
3607:
3402:
186:
4342:
at a White House ceremony for his actions during the Battle of Lima Site 85.
92:
79:
5138:
Several Battles in Military Region 2 During the War of Liberation, 1945–1975
4047:
4028:
1141:
5294:
5231:
To Hanoi and Back: The United States Air Force and North Vietnam, 1966–1973
4345:
A memorial to the USAF airmen killed and missing at Lima Site 85 and other
3789:
Personnel working at the TACAN site were supplied by weekly flights of the
5250:
Back Fire: The CIA's Secret War in Laos and Its Link to the War in Vietnam
5164:
4464:. HQ PACAF Directorate, Tactical Evaluation CHECO Division. Archived from
4312:
In September 2012 the remains of Colonel Clarence Blanton were identified.
4201:"control and plotting" and radar vans. "TACAN" is the box shelter for the
3750:
3798:
3704:
3248:
2003:
232:
161:
4108:
assault rifle opened fire and caused the biplane to crash into a ridge.
4149:
5057:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4443:
5100:
One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam
3634:
Clandestine Army. The battle was fought on Phou Pha Thi mountain in
5050:"The COMBAT SKYSPOT memorial at Andersen AFB Guam, September, 1999"
4330:
On September 21, 2010, Chief Master Sergeant Richard Etchberger's
4276:
4192:
4169:
4105:
4078:
3815:
report credited Commando Club with guiding the following sorties:
3763:
3749:
3653:
2891:
4168:
pistols, 23 AK-47 assault rifles, four 7.62mm carbines and three
4315:
On June 21,2024 the remains of Sgt David S Price were identifed.
3755:
3692:
3639:
5102:. New York; Chichester, Sussex, UK: Columbia University Press.
4148:
unit. The task of capturing the US facility was entrusted to a
3033:
321:
5289:
3806:
directed 55% of all bombing operations against North Vietnam.
3591:, was fought as part of a military campaign waged during the
5212:
The Ravens: The Men Who Flew in America's Secret War in Laos
4923:
4921:
4894:"Air Force Sergeant MIA from the Vietnam War is identified"
4779:
4777:
4742:
4740:
4700:
4698:
4696:
4694:
4569:
4567:
5149:. Rutherford, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
4513:
4511:
4509:
4499:
4497:
4357:
airmen. Another Combat SkySpot memorial is located at the
3758:, the site of a U.S. TACAN facility known as Lima Site 85.
4031:, fragmentation grenades, concussion grenades, and other
4043:
in North Vietnam with Phou Pha Thi and Nam Bac in Laos.
16:
1968 battle of the Vietnam War and the Laotian Civil War
5340:
Battles of the Vietnam War involving the United States
5193:
Cheating death: Combat Air Rescues in Vietnam and Laos
4269:
was underway in South Vietnam, the Marine outpost at
4334:(awarded posthumously in 1968) was upgraded to the
292:
42 Thai and Hmong killed + few dozens Hmong wounded
4433:
4431:
4429:
5325:Battles and operations of the Vietnam War in 1968
4861:
4859:
4793:
4791:
4789:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4684:
4682:
4615:
4613:
4323:who had been shot down by small arms fire in his
3732:International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos
5280:Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office
4548:
4546:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4487:
4485:
4483:
4307:Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office
5320:Battles and operations of the Laotian Civil War
5176:. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press.
25:
5335:Battles of the Vietnam War involving Thailand
5233:. Honolulu: University Press of the Pacific.
4758:
4756:
4754:
4752:
4716:
4714:
4712:
4710:
4672:
4670:
4668:
4666:
4647:
4645:
4643:
4586:. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from
3045:
333:
8:
3730:Laos was a neutral country according to the
3652:approved a plan by the USAF to construct a
5071:directed them over targets of opportunity.
3786:who rotated to the site every seven days.
3052:
3038:
3030:
340:
326:
318:
43:
22:
5121:. New Delhi: APH Publishing Corporation.
4982:"DPAAMIL announcement September 11, 2012"
3703:and 48 kilometers (30 mi) away from
5140:. Hanoi: People's Army Publishing House.
3920:
3817:
3707:, the Pathet Lao capital. For the local
4956:"DPAAMIL announcement December 7, 2005"
4416:
112:North Vietnamese and Pathet Lao victory
4462:"Project CHECO Report Fall of Site 85"
4139:North Vietnamese plan and preparations
4936:from the original on 20 February 2011
3970:Missions Under Commando Club (TSQ-81)
3867:Missions Under Commando Club (TSQ-81)
3762:In August 1966, the USAF installed a
3687:Phou Pha Thi is a remote mountain in
2911:Bo De River, Nha Trang, Tha Cau River
7:
5008:"DPAAMIL announcement July 22, 2024"
5119:Inside CIA: Lessons in Intelligence
4988:from the original on August 7, 2020
4962:from the original on March 13, 2018
4460:Edward Vallentiny (9 August 1968).
5252:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
5214:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
3774:—a process euphemistically called
14:
4401:North Vietnamese invasion of Laos
4376:Lao Veterans of America Institute
4361:Enlisted Heritage Memorial Park.
4305:On 7 December 2005 the
5285:Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command
4321:602d Special Operations Squadron
4295:Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command
3791:20th Special Operations Squadron
3723:in North Vietnam, and along the
3647:United States Ambassador to Laos
3486:1973 Laotian coup d'état attempt
226:
215:
199:
180:
168:
154:
140:
127:
5195:. New York: Harper Paperbacks.
5172:Hamilton-Merritt, Jane (1999).
5056:. limasite85.us. Archived from
3784:Udorn Royal Thai Air Force Base
3780:1st Mobile Communications Group
4928:John T. Correll (April 2006).
3993:Percentage Under Commando Club
3890:Percentage Under Commando Club
3754:Phou Pha Thi, in northeastern
3701:Democratic Republic of Vietnam
1:
5210:Robbins, Christopher (1987).
5145:Goldstein, Martin E. (1973).
4353:, Guam, with the memorial to
4226:Raven Forward Air Controllers
1527:New Year's Day battle of 1968
5295:Detailed Map of Lima Site 85
5091:General and cited references
4637:Castle, pp. 100–101, 286–287
3061:Military engagements of the
1592:Joint General Staff Compound
1582:Cholon and Phu Tho Racetrack
924:Thayer, Irving and Thayer II
5191:Marrett, George J. (2003).
5147:American Policy Toward Laos
5098:Castle, Timothy N. (2000).
4112:on display in front of the
3616:1st Combat Evaluation Group
1520:Tet Offensive and aftermath
5366:
4930:"The Fall of Lima Site 85"
4209:airstrip and command post.
4097:Vietnam People's Air Force
3680:
2961:Lists of allied operations
5350:March 1968 events in Asia
5330:Battles involving Vietnam
3075:North Vietnamese invasion
3072:
2393:Cambodia and Mekong Delta
363:
275:
241:
205:Clarence F. Blanton
192:
120:
53:
42:
30:
5229:Thompson, Wayne (2005).
5117:Chauhan, Sharad (2004).
4883:Hamilton-Merritt, p. 186
4783:Hamilton-Merritt, p. 185
4746:Hamilton-Merritt, p. 184
4704:Hamilton-Merritt, p. 183
4573:Hamilton-Merritt, p. 181
4526:Secord, Wurts, pp. 75–77
4517:Hamilton-Merritt, p. 178
4503:Hamilton-Merritt, p. 182
4406:People's Army of Vietnam
4349:airmen is co-located on
3610:, against airmen of the
3604:People's Army of Vietnam
3203:Battle of Ban Houei Sane
3181:1966 Laotian coup d'état
1976:DMZ Campaign (1969–1971)
1969:Vietnamization 1969–1971
1211:Malheur I and Malheur II
5275:Lao Veterans of America
5083:Combat SkySpot memorial
4561:Hamilton-Merritt, p.180
4396:Muang Phalan TACAN Site
4381:Lao Veterans of America
4351:Andersen Air Force Base
3717:United States Air Force
3612:United States Air Force
489:Dương Liễu – Nhông Pass
5248:Warner, Roger (1995).
4932:. Air Force Magazine.
4340:President Barack Obama
4325:Douglas A-1E Skyraider
4282:
4210:
4084:
3795:Operation Pony Express
3759:
3741:Laotian Prime Minister
3589:Battle of Phou Pha Thi
3585:Battle of Lima Site 85
3208:Battle of Lima Site 85
3102:Battle of Luang Namtha
1597:Bien Hoa and Long Binh
193:Commanders and leaders
93:20.44611°N 103.71417°E
26:Battle of Lima Site 85
4906:on September 26, 2012
4826:Chief Master Sergeant
4584:"An Air Combat First"
4289:(MIA), then later as
4280:
4196:
4082:
3821:Against North Vietnam
3753:
3097:Battle of Ban Pa Dong
2798:Tan Son Nhut Air Base
2134:Montgomery Rendezvous
2017:Massachusetts Striker
1587:Tan Son Nhut Air Base
521:American intervention
276:Casualties and losses
4831:who was awarded the
4271:Khe Sanh Combat Base
4177:Fall of Lima Site 85
3803:Border Patrol Police
3624:Border Patrol Police
3382:Sourisak Montry VIII
973:Tan Son Nhut airbase
351:Military engagements
5136:Do, Ben C. (1996).
4355:Operation Arc Light
3737:William H. Sullivan
3650:William H. Sullivan
3091:Battle of Vientiane
2445:Paris Peace Accords
2225:Pennsylvania Square
1879:Phase III Offensive
1774:Landing Zone Center
888:Baton Rouge Victory
98:20.44611; 103.71417
89: /
5060:on 10 October 2010
4844:Warner, pp 233–235
4829:Richard Etchberger
4815:Chauhan, pp. 28–29
4283:
4211:
4128:Technical Sergeant
4119:Lieutenant Colonel
4085:
3760:
3689:Houaphanh Province
3636:Houaphanh Province
3618:, elements of the
3176:Battles of Nakhang
3159:1965 Laotian coups
3140:1964 Laotian coups
3087:1960 Laotian coups
2559:Fall of Phnom Penh
2218:Cambodian campaign
71:Houaphanh Province
5345:Conflicts in 1968
4628:Castle, pp. 94–95
4607:Goldstein, p. 310
4371:Ho Chi Minh Trail
4287:missing in action
4188:Seventh Air Force
4124:Combat Controller
4015:
4014:
3912:
3911:
3725:Ho Chi Minh Trail
3721:bombing campaigns
3597:Laotian Civil War
3578:
3577:
3221:Junction City Jr.
3171:Battle of Nam Bac
3121:Battle of Lak Sao
3064:Laotian Civil War
3026:
3025:
2572:Mayaguez incident
2266:Firebase O'Reilly
2148:Campbell Streamer
1858:Pocahontas Forest
729:Buddhist Uprising
625:Masher/White Wing
316:
315:
302:Total casualties:
285:Total casualties:
116:
115:
37:Laotian Civil War
5357:
5263:
5244:
5225:
5206:
5187:
5168:
5141:
5132:
5113:
5085:
5080:
5074:
5073:
5067:
5065:
5045:
5039:
5034:
5028:
5025:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5014:
5004:
4998:
4997:
4995:
4993:
4978:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4967:
4952:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4941:
4925:
4916:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4905:
4898:
4890:
4884:
4881:
4875:
4872:
4866:
4863:
4854:
4851:
4845:
4842:
4836:
4822:
4816:
4813:
4807:
4804:
4798:
4795:
4784:
4781:
4772:
4769:
4763:
4760:
4747:
4744:
4735:
4732:
4721:
4718:
4705:
4702:
4689:
4686:
4677:
4674:
4661:
4658:
4652:
4649:
4638:
4635:
4629:
4626:
4620:
4617:
4608:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4595:
4580:
4574:
4571:
4562:
4559:
4553:
4550:
4541:
4538:
4527:
4524:
4518:
4515:
4504:
4501:
4492:
4489:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4473:
4457:
4438:
4437:Thompson, p. 102
4435:
4424:
4421:
4259:Operation Pigfat
3924:Barrel Roll area
3921:
3818:
3601:North Vietnamese
3284:Honorable Dragon
3067:
3065:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3031:
2833:Naval operations
2760:Proud Deep Alpha
2453:War of the flags
2437:The Vinh wiretap
2387:Easter Offensive
2122:Pipestone Canyon
2085:Washington Green
1790:Concordia Square
1730:Burlington Trail
1669:Truong Cong Dinh
358:
352:
342:
335:
328:
319:
257:Kingdom of Laos:
231:
230:
220:
219:
211:
204:
203:
185:
184:
183:
174:
172:
171:
164:
160:
158:
157:
150:
146:
144:
143:
133:
131:
130:
104:
103:
101:
100:
99:
94:
90:
87:
86:
85:
82:
61:10–11 March 1968
55:
54:
47:
23:
5365:
5364:
5360:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5355:
5354:
5315:1968 in Vietnam
5300:
5299:
5271:
5266:
5260:
5247:
5241:
5228:
5222:
5209:
5203:
5190:
5184:
5171:
5157:
5144:
5135:
5129:
5116:
5110:
5097:
5093:
5088:
5081:
5077:
5063:
5061:
5047:
5046:
5042:
5035:
5031:
5026:
5022:
5012:
5010:
5006:
5005:
5001:
4991:
4989:
4980:
4979:
4975:
4965:
4963:
4954:
4953:
4949:
4939:
4937:
4927:
4926:
4919:
4909:
4907:
4903:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4887:
4882:
4878:
4874:Robbins, p. 105
4873:
4869:
4864:
4857:
4852:
4848:
4843:
4839:
4823:
4819:
4814:
4810:
4805:
4801:
4796:
4787:
4782:
4775:
4770:
4766:
4761:
4750:
4745:
4738:
4733:
4724:
4719:
4708:
4703:
4692:
4687:
4680:
4675:
4664:
4659:
4655:
4650:
4641:
4636:
4632:
4627:
4623:
4618:
4611:
4606:
4602:
4593:
4591:
4590:on July 9, 2008
4582:
4581:
4577:
4572:
4565:
4560:
4556:
4551:
4544:
4539:
4530:
4525:
4521:
4516:
4507:
4502:
4495:
4490:
4481:
4471:
4469:
4468:on 17 July 2011
4459:
4458:
4441:
4436:
4427:
4422:
4418:
4414:
4367:
4332:Air Force Cross
4242:
4179:
4141:
4136:
3812:
3776:"sheep-dipping"
3745:Souvanna Phouma
3691:, northeastern
3685:
3679:
3667:"sheep-dipping"
3606:(PAVN) and the
3581:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3480:Phou Phiang III
3068:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3028:
3027:
3022:
2949:Paracel Islands
2644:Rolling Thunder
2312:Toan Thang 1/71
2286:Jefferson Glenn
2162:Nantucket Beach
1893:Champaign Grove
1823:Mameluke Thrust
1687:My Lai Massacre
1341:Wheeler/Wallowa
1129:The Hill Fights
856:John Paul Jones
850:Minh Thanh Road
648:Suoi Bong Trang
453:Quyet Thang 202
367:Guerrilla phase
359:
350:
348:
346:
312:
295:
268:
225:
224:
214:
213:
207:
198:
181:
179:
178:
169:
167:
155:
153:
152:
151:
141:
139:
138:
137:
128:
126:
97:
95:
91:
88:
83:
80:
78:
76:
75:
74:
48:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5363:
5361:
5353:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5302:
5301:
5298:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5270:
5269:External links
5267:
5265:
5264:
5259:978-0684802923
5258:
5245:
5240:978-1588342836
5239:
5226:
5220:
5207:
5202:978-0060891572
5201:
5188:
5182:
5169:
5155:
5142:
5133:
5127:
5114:
5109:978-0231103176
5108:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5086:
5075:
5040:
5029:
5020:
4999:
4973:
4947:
4917:
4885:
4876:
4867:
4865:Chauhan, p. 30
4855:
4846:
4837:
4833:Medal of Honor
4817:
4808:
4806:Marrett, p. 26
4799:
4797:Chauhan, p. 29
4785:
4773:
4771:Robbins, p. 57
4764:
4748:
4736:
4734:Chauhan, p. 28
4722:
4706:
4690:
4688:Chauhan, p. 27
4678:
4662:
4653:
4639:
4630:
4621:
4619:Chauhan, p. 26
4609:
4600:
4575:
4563:
4554:
4552:Chauhan, p. 25
4542:
4540:Chauhan, p. 24
4528:
4519:
4505:
4493:
4491:Chauhan, p. 23
4479:
4439:
4425:
4423:Chauhan, p. 22
4415:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4366:
4363:
4347:Combat SkySpot
4336:Medal of Honor
4317:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4241:
4238:
4178:
4175:
4146:Special Forces
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4020:Richard Secord
4013:
4012:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3947:Total Missions
3944:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3925:
3910:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3887:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3844:Total Missions
3841:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3811:
3808:
3697:Royal Lao Army
3678:
3675:
3620:Royal Lao Army
3587:, also called
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3565:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3498:Air operations
3494:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3459:Black Lion III
3455:
3452:Phou Phiang II
3448:
3441:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3385:
3378:
3375:Phou Khao Kham
3371:
3364:
3357:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3294:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3224:
3217:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3193:
3191:1967 Opium War
3188:
3186:Ban Naden raid
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3161:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3118:
3111:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3084:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3049:
3042:
3034:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2920:
2913:
2908:
2905:Deckhouse Five
2901:
2894:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2863:
2856:
2854:Gulf of Tonkin
2851:
2829:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2795:
2788:
2779:
2772:
2763:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2666:Combat Skyspot
2662:
2655:
2648:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2579:Air operations
2575:
2574:
2569:
2566:Fall of Saigon
2562:
2555:
2548:
2543:
2536:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2377:
2376:
2371:
2364:
2359:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2342:Middlesex Peak
2338:
2331:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2308:
2305:Cuu Long 44-02
2301:
2296:
2289:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2263:
2256:
2253:Wolfe Mountain
2249:
2246:Pickens Forest
2242:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2177:
2172:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2106:Hamburger Hill
2095:
2092:Virginia Ridge
2088:
2081:
2078:Oklahoma Hills
2074:
2071:Montana Mauler
2067:
2060:
2057:Frederick Hill
2053:
2046:
2039:
2034:
2027:
2020:
2013:
2006:
2001:
1997:Toan Thang III
1992:
1985:
1978:
1965:
1964:
1961:Fayette Canyon
1957:
1950:
1946:Speedy Express
1941:
1936:
1929:
1926:Sheridan Sabre
1922:
1919:Henderson Hill
1915:
1908:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1875:
1872:Somerset Plain
1868:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1842:
1835:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1809:Jeb Stuart III
1805:
1804:
1803:
1801:Coral–Balmoral
1798:
1793:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1684:
1677:
1672:
1665:
1660:
1653:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1562:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1546:Ban Houei Sane
1536:
1529:
1516:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1464:
1457:
1454:Kien Giang 9-1
1450:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1345:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1170:
1163:
1156:
1138:
1131:
1126:
1119:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1095:Francis Marion
1091:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1057:
1050:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1010:
1001:
988:
987:
982:
975:
970:
963:
960:Paul Revere IV
956:
949:
942:
935:
928:
919:
912:
905:
898:
891:
883:
878:
873:
866:
859:
852:
847:
840:
833:
826:
819:
814:
807:
800:
793:
786:
779:
772:
765:
758:
751:
744:
737:
732:
725:
718:
711:
704:
697:
690:
685:
678:
671:
664:
657:
650:
645:
638:
637:
636:
620:
613:
606:
593:
592:
585:
578:
571:
566:
565:
564:
552:
547:
542:
535:
517:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
474:
469:
464:
456:
449:
444:
439:
432:
427:
422:
415:
408:
401:
399:Palace Bombing
396:
389:
384:
377:
364:
361:
360:
347:
345:
344:
337:
330:
322:
314:
313:
311:
310:
307:
304:
298:
296:
294:
293:
290:
289:13 U.S. killed
287:
281:
278:
277:
273:
272:
269:
267:
266:
260:
254:
251:United States:
247:
244:
243:
239:
238:
235:
222:Richard Secord
195:
194:
190:
189:
165:
123:
122:
118:
117:
114:
113:
110:
106:
105:
69:
67:
63:
62:
59:
51:
50:
40:
39:
28:
27:
21:
20:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5362:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5307:
5305:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5268:
5261:
5255:
5251:
5246:
5242:
5236:
5232:
5227:
5223:
5217:
5213:
5208:
5204:
5198:
5194:
5189:
5185:
5179:
5175:
5170:
5166:
5162:
5158:
5152:
5148:
5143:
5139:
5134:
5130:
5124:
5120:
5115:
5111:
5105:
5101:
5096:
5095:
5090:
5084:
5079:
5076:
5072:
5059:
5055:
5051:
5044:
5041:
5038:
5033:
5030:
5027:Marett, p. 31
5024:
5021:
5009:
5003:
5000:
4987:
4983:
4977:
4974:
4961:
4957:
4951:
4948:
4935:
4931:
4924:
4922:
4918:
4902:
4895:
4889:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4871:
4868:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4850:
4847:
4841:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4821:
4818:
4812:
4809:
4803:
4800:
4794:
4792:
4790:
4786:
4780:
4778:
4774:
4768:
4765:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4723:
4717:
4715:
4713:
4711:
4707:
4701:
4699:
4697:
4695:
4691:
4685:
4683:
4679:
4673:
4671:
4669:
4667:
4663:
4657:
4654:
4648:
4646:
4644:
4640:
4634:
4631:
4625:
4622:
4616:
4614:
4610:
4604:
4601:
4589:
4585:
4579:
4576:
4570:
4568:
4564:
4558:
4555:
4549:
4547:
4543:
4537:
4535:
4533:
4529:
4523:
4520:
4514:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4500:
4498:
4494:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4467:
4463:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4448:
4446:
4444:
4440:
4434:
4432:
4430:
4426:
4420:
4417:
4411:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4386:Laos Memorial
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4333:
4328:
4326:
4322:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4298:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4279:
4275:
4272:
4268:
4267:Tet Offensive
4262:
4260:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4231:
4230:Lima Site 20A
4227:
4223:
4219:
4215:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4195:
4191:
4189:
4183:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4151:
4147:
4138:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4109:
4107:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4089:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4073:A-26 Invaders
4070:
4066:
4062:
4056:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4042:
4041:Dien Bien Phu
4036:
4034:
4030:
4025:
4021:
4010:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3816:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3787:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3757:
3752:
3748:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3727:inside Laos.
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3684:
3676:
3674:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3663:Commando Club
3660:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3622:, Royal Thai
3621:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3571:
3570:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3555:Commando Hunt
3552:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3503:
3502:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3442:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3412:
3411:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3319:Silver Buckle
3316:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3263:Diamond Arrow
3260:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3055:
3050:
3048:
3043:
3041:
3036:
3035:
3032:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2936:Custom Tailor
2933:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2827:
2826:
2825:Frequent Wind
2822:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2784:Linebacker II
2780:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2725:Commando Hunt
2722:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2498:Iron Triangle
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2430:2nd Quang Trị
2428:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2413:Mỹ Chánh Line
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2398:1st Quang Trị
2396:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2356:Caroline Hill
2353:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2279:Imperial Lake
2276:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2232:Clinch Valley
2229:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2190:Randolph Glen
2187:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2182:Toan Thang IV
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2169:Fulton Square
2166:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2031:Purple Martin
2028:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2010:Iron Mountain
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1954:Taylor Common
1951:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1831:Toan Thang II
1827:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1758:May Offensive
1755:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1714:Cochise Green
1711:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1566:Tet Offensive
1563:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1377:Shenandoah II
1374:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1306:Suoi Chau Pha
1304:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1272:Hong Kil Dong
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1225:Barking Sands
1222:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1073:2nd Prek Klok
1071:
1069:
1068:1st Prek Klok
1065:
1064:
1063:
1062:Junction City
1058:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1049:
1048:Tra Binh Dong
1046:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1002:
1000:
999:
995:
994:
993:
992:
986:
985:Firebase Bird
983:
981:
980:
976:
974:
971:
969:
968:
964:
962:
961:
957:
955:
954:
950:
948:
947:
943:
941:
940:
936:
934:
933:
929:
927:
926:
925:
920:
918:
917:
913:
911:
910:
906:
904:
903:
899:
897:
896:
892:
890:
889:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
871:
867:
865:
864:
860:
858:
857:
853:
851:
848:
846:
845:
841:
839:
838:
834:
832:
831:
827:
825:
824:
820:
818:
815:
813:
812:
808:
806:
805:
801:
799:
798:
794:
792:
791:
787:
785:
784:
780:
778:
777:
773:
771:
770:
766:
764:
763:
759:
757:
756:
755:Davy Crockett
752:
750:
749:
745:
743:
742:
738:
736:
733:
731:
730:
726:
724:
723:
719:
717:
716:
712:
710:
709:
705:
703:
702:
698:
696:
695:
691:
689:
686:
684:
683:
679:
677:
676:
672:
670:
669:
665:
663:
662:
658:
656:
655:
651:
649:
646:
644:
643:
639:
635:
634:
630:
629:
628:
627:
626:
621:
619:
618:
614:
612:
611:
607:
605:
604:
600:
599:
598:
597:
591:
590:
586:
584:
583:
582:Bushmaster II
579:
577:
576:
572:
570:
567:
563:
560:
559:
558:
557:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
540:
536:
534:
533:
529:
528:
527:
526:
523:
522:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
484:Camp Holloway
482:
480:
479:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
462:
457:
455:
454:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
437:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
420:
416:
414:
413:
409:
407:
406:
402:
400:
397:
395:
394:
390:
388:
385:
383:
382:
378:
376:
375:
371:
370:
369:
368:
362:
357:
353:
343:
338:
336:
331:
329:
324:
323:
320:
308:
305:
303:
300:
299:
297:
291:
288:
286:
283:
282:
280:
279:
274:
270:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
248:
246:
245:
240:
236:
234:
229:
223:
218:
212:
210:
202:
197:
196:
191:
188:
177:
176:North Vietnam
166:
163:
149:
136:
135:United States
125:
124:
119:
111:
108:
107:
102:
72:
68:
65:
64:
60:
57:
56:
52:
46:
41:
38:
34:
29:
24:
19:
5310:1968 in Laos
5290:Lima Site 85
5249:
5230:
5211:
5192:
5173:
5146:
5137:
5118:
5099:
5078:
5069:
5062:. Retrieved
5058:the original
5054:unit history
5053:
5043:
5032:
5023:
5011:. Retrieved
5002:
4990:. Retrieved
4976:
4964:. Retrieved
4950:
4938:. Retrieved
4908:. Retrieved
4901:the original
4888:
4879:
4870:
4849:
4840:
4820:
4811:
4802:
4767:
4656:
4633:
4624:
4603:
4592:. Retrieved
4588:the original
4578:
4557:
4522:
4470:. Retrieved
4466:the original
4419:
4391:Lima Site 85
4344:
4329:
4318:
4299:
4284:
4263:
4255:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4234:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4184:
4180:
4163:
4159:
4155:
4142:
4110:
4093:Antonov An-2
4090:
4086:
4057:
4045:
4037:
4024:Green Berets
4016:
3913:
3813:
3788:
3767:
3761:
3729:
3686:
3683:Lima Site 85
3671:
3644:
3588:
3584:
3582:
3567:
3560:
3553:
3546:
3539:
3534:Pony Express
3532:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3506:Booster Shot
3504:
3496:
3495:
3478:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3380:
3373:
3366:
3359:
3352:
3345:
3338:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3298:Counterpunch
3296:
3289:
3282:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3207:
3195:
3163:
3151:
3144:
3132:
3125:
3113:
3106:
3079:
2959:
2958:
2942:
2935:
2929:Pocket Money
2928:
2915:
2903:
2896:
2884:
2879:Double Eagle
2877:
2870:
2858:
2845:
2839:
2831:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2790:
2783:
2781:
2776:Enhance Plus
2774:
2768:Linebacker I
2767:
2765:
2758:
2753:Freedom Deal
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2697:
2690:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2643:
2641:
2634:
2629:Flaming Dart
2627:
2622:Pony Express
2620:
2613:
2608:Pierce Arrow
2606:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2577:
2576:
2564:
2557:
2551:
2539:
2533:Ban Me Thuot
2532:
2523:
2522:
2468:Tong Le Chon
2442:
2441:
2423:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2366:
2354:
2348:FSB Mary Ann
2340:
2333:
2326:
2324:
2310:
2303:
2299:Son Tay Raid
2291:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2260:Chicago Peak
2258:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2202:
2195:
2188:
2181:
2179:
2167:
2160:
2155:Idaho Canyon
2153:
2146:
2139:
2132:
2120:
2113:
2105:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2048:
2041:
2029:
2022:
2015:
2008:
1996:
1994:
1989:Dewey Canyon
1987:
1982:Bold Mariner
1980:
1967:
1966:
1959:
1953:
1945:
1943:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1898:
1891:
1877:
1870:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1837:
1830:
1828:
1821:
1816:Nevada Eagle
1814:
1807:
1788:
1784:South Saigon
1756:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1728:
1722:Toan Thang I
1721:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1698:
1691:
1679:
1675:Lima Site 85
1674:
1667:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1634:
1620:
1618:
1602:
1564:
1557:
1538:
1531:
1518:
1517:
1511:
1505:Badger Tooth
1503:
1497:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1467:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1402:
1394:
1388:1st Loc Ninh
1375:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1279:Diamond Head
1277:
1270:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1140:
1133:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1088:2nd Bàu Bàng
1061:
1059:
1052:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
1003:
996:
990:
989:
977:
965:
958:
951:
944:
939:Deckhouse IV
937:
930:
923:
921:
914:
909:Sunset Beach
907:
900:
893:
887:
868:
861:
854:
842:
835:
828:
821:
809:
803:
795:
788:
781:
774:
767:
760:
753:
746:
739:
727:
720:
713:
706:
699:
692:
680:
673:
666:
659:
652:
640:
633:Double Eagle
631:
624:
622:
615:
608:
601:
595:
594:
589:Harvest Moon
587:
581:
574:
569:1st Bau Bang
554:
537:
530:
524:
519:
518:
476:
460:
452:
435:
417:
411:
404:
392:
379:
372:
365:
301:
284:
262:
256:
250:
208:
121:Belligerents
31:Part of the
18:
4101:Air America
3768:Heavy Green
3593:Vietnam War
3548:Project 404
3541:Tiger Hound
3527:Steel Tiger
3520:Barrel Roll
3431:Strength II
3333:Lam Son 719
3242:Off Balance
2886:Stable Door
2872:Game Warden
2866:Vung Ro Bay
2860:Market Time
2732:Giant Lance
2718:Igloo White
2673:Tiger Hound
2652:Steel Tiger
2615:Barrel Roll
2540:Hue–Da Nang
2525:Spring 1975
2473:Trung Nghia
2447:(1973–1974)
2424:Thunderhead
2335:Finney Hill
2327:Lam Son 719
2210:FSB Ripcord
2197:Green River
2115:Lamar Plain
2099:Apache Snow
2064:Geneva Park
2050:Atlas Wedge
1933:Meade River
1865:Quyet Chien
1769:West Saigon
1751:Allen Brook
1737:Scotland II
1681:Quyet Thang
1643:Coronado XI
1491:Yellowstone
1426:Coronado IX
1333:Dragon Fire
1319:Coronado IV
1293:Coronado II
1167:Prairie III
1135:Beaver Cage
1028:Sam Houston
1006:Cedar Falls
998:Deckhouse V
823:Nathan Hale
776:Crazy Horse
769:Paul Revere
682:Silver City
668:Cocoa Beach
356:Vietnam War
354:during the
96: /
84:103°42′51″E
33:Vietnam War
5304:Categories
5221:0671673165
5183:0253207568
5156:0838611311
5128:8176486604
4853:Do, p. 201
4762:Do, p. 189
4720:Do, p. 188
4676:Do, p. 187
4660:Do, p. 186
4651:Do, p. 185
4594:2016-07-02
4359:Gunter AFB
4114:That Luang
4053:Pathet Lao
4033:small arms
4029:M16 rifles
3681:See also:
3677:Background
3626:, and the
3608:Pathet Lao
3473:Maharat II
3445:Black Lion
3424:Strength I
3361:Phiboonpol
3340:Desert Rat
3270:Snake Eyes
3249:About Face
3228:Toan Thang
3115:Pincushion
2898:Sea Dragon
2818:Eagle Pull
2792:Homecoming
2680:Shed Light
2601:Ranch Hand
2518:Phước Long
2508:Thượng Đức
2493:Svay Rieng
2478:Ap Da Bien
2362:Long Khánh
2239:Elk Canyon
2204:Texas Star
2043:Maine Crag
2024:Wayne Grey
1906:Thượng Đức
1577:US Embassy
1559:Coronado X
1477:Manchester
1349:Coronado V
1300:Hood River
1266:The Slopes
1195:Kingfisher
1174:Prairie IV
1160:Prairie II
1042:Enterprise
946:Shenandoah
804:Lam Son II
748:Birmingham
237:Truong Muc
187:Pathet Lao
81:20°26′46″N
4412:Citations
4240:Aftermath
4203:AN/TRN-17
4199:AN/MSQ-77
4048:Vientiane
3782:based at
3659:AN/TSQ-81
3614:(USAF)'s
3562:Raindance
3347:Xien Dong
2943:End Sweep
2686:Thanh Hoa
2659:Arc Light
2636:Iron Hand
2587:Farm Gate
2546:Phan Rang
2483:Quang Duc
2368:Chenla II
2141:Utah Mesa
1912:Maui Peak
1636:Hop Tac I
1609:Quảng Trị
1498:Muscatine
1419:Lancaster
1396:MacArthur
1383:Ong Thanh
1260:Concordia
1218:Kole Kole
1142:Con Thien
1123:Manhattan
932:Attleboro
811:Hawthorne
790:Hardihood
762:Austin IV
735:Xa Cam My
617:Van Buren
514:Dong Xoai
447:Kien Long
442:Long Dinh
387:Đồng Khởi
309:2 wounded
263:Thailand:
5048:member.
5013:July 22,
4986:Archived
4960:Archived
4934:Archived
4365:See also
3942:Summary
3939:Mar 1–10
3839:Summary
3836:Mar 1–10
3799:Vang Pao
3772:Lockheed
3705:Sam Neua
3513:Millpond
3491:Hin Heup
3368:Sayasila
3305:Tchepone
3291:Tailwind
3277:Maeng Da
3235:Left Jab
3197:Sone Pet
3146:Triangle
3127:Hardnose
3108:Momentum
2954:East Sea
2923:Đồng Hới
2917:Sealords
2850:stations
2811:New Life
2804:Babylift
2705:Yen Vien
2552:Xuân Lộc
2488:Tri Phap
2463:Hồng Ngự
2458:Cửa Việt
2403:Loc Ninh
2293:Tailwind
2272:Chenla I
1939:Hat Dich
1900:Vinh Loc
1796:Kham Duc
1744:Delaware
1700:Carentan
1628:Lo Giang
1551:Lang Vei
1540:Khe Sanh
1484:Saratoga
1461:Napoleon
1440:Santa Fe
1286:Coronado
1253:Billings
1232:Union II
1204:Crockett
1188:Kentucky
1083:Suoi Tre
1035:Pershing
967:Geronimo
895:Amarillo
881:Long Tan
870:Colorado
844:Hastings
817:Hill 488
722:Jackstay
715:Fillmore
661:Harrison
654:New York
603:Marauder
575:Ia Drang
562:Gang Toi
532:Starlite
494:Qui Nhơn
478:Binh Gia
467:Nam Dong
430:Hiep Hoa
381:Biên Hòa
306:1 killed
242:Strength
233:Vang Pao
162:Thailand
66:Location
35:and the
4992:May 13,
4966:May 13,
4940:24 July
4910:25 July
4472:24 July
4150:platoon
3916:Nam Bac
3810:Prelude
3743:Prince
3599:by the
3438:Fa Ngum
3410:Maharat
3396:Thao La
3389:Bedrock
3354:Phoutah
3081:Hotfoot
3013:1973–74
2711:Niagara
2594:Chopper
2513:Phú Lộc
2503:Duc Duc
2175:LZ Kate
2128:Binh Ba
2037:Ben Het
2004:2nd Tet
1885:Duc Lap
1845:Binh An
1707:Pegasus
1657:Patrick
1650:Houston
1614:Bến Tre
1572:Da Nang
1469:Phoenix
1412:Osceola
1363:Bolling
1239:Dragnet
1181:Buffalo
1153:Hickory
1102:Lejeune
1021:Gadsden
979:Fairfax
953:Atlanta
863:Prairie
797:Wahiawa
783:El Paso
741:Georgia
708:Lincoln
642:Mastiff
550:Plei Me
545:An Ninh
539:Piranha
504:Sông Bé
425:Go Cong
405:Sunrise
393:Chopper
209:†
5256:
5237:
5218:
5199:
5180:
5165:481197
5163:
5153:
5125:
5106:
5064:23 Sep
4134:Battle
3965:1,472
3417:Sinsay
3312:Copper
3214:Pigfat
2844:&
2841:Yankee
2699:Popeye
2418:Kontum
2408:An Lộc
2374:Nui Le
1779:An Bao
1764:Dai Do
1693:Walker
1663:Tam Kỳ
1621:Coburg
1533:McLain
1512:Auburn
1433:Neosho
1403:Dak To
1370:Medina
1312:Benton
1054:Bribie
1014:Desoto
916:Seward
876:Duc Co
694:Oregon
509:Ba Gia
499:Ka Nak
472:An Lao
419:Ấp Bắc
412:Shufly
173:
159:
145:
132:
109:Result
73:, Laos
4904:(PDF)
4897:(PDF)
4170:RPG-7
4106:AK-47
4065:F-105
4011:27.7
3908:23.2
3764:TACAN
3709:Hmong
3654:TACAN
3632:Hmong
3630:-led
3153:Unity
2892:PIRAZ
2847:Dixie
2746:Patio
2443:Post-
2318:Snuol
1839:Robin
1447:Essex
1356:Kunia
1326:Swift
1246:Akron
1116:Baker
1109:Union
1078:Ap Gu
837:Macon
701:Texas
688:A Sau
610:Crimp
459:USNS
271:3,000
259:1,000
5254:ISBN
5235:ISBN
5216:ISBN
5197:ISBN
5178:ISBN
5161:OCLC
5151:ISBN
5123:ISBN
5104:ISBN
5066:2010
5015:2024
4994:2017
4968:2017
4942:2011
4912:2011
4474:2011
4166:K-54
4067:and
4008:90.6
4005:37.8
4002:10.3
3999:20.4
3988:408
3905:50.0
3902:55.1
3899:23.2
3896:21.3
3893:13.0
3862:427
3756:Laos
3711:and
3693:Laos
3640:Laos
3595:and
3583:The
3569:Menu
3165:Star
3134:Wapi
3018:1975
3008:1972
3003:1971
2998:1970
2993:1969
2988:1968
2983:1967
2978:1966
2973:1965
2968:1964
2739:Menu
2692:Bolo
2380:1972
1851:Thor
991:1967
902:Byrd
675:Utah
596:1966
556:Hump
525:1965
461:Card
374:Laos
148:Laos
58:Date
4338:by
4291:KIA
4228:at
4207:CIA
4069:A-1
4061:F-4
3985:165
3982:142
3962:182
3959:375
3956:320
3953:327
3950:268
3936:Feb
3933:Jan
3930:Dec
3927:Nov
3885:99
3853:125
3847:153
3833:Feb
3830:Jan
3827:Dec
3824:Nov
3713:Yao
3628:CIA
3466:972
3326:74B
3256:139
1603:Hue
1146:DMZ
886:SS
830:Jay
436:34A
265:300
5306::
5159:.
5068:.
5052:.
4984:.
4958:.
4920:^
4858:^
4788:^
4776:^
4751:^
4739:^
4725:^
4709:^
4693:^
4681:^
4665:^
4642:^
4612:^
4566:^
4545:^
4531:^
4508:^
4496:^
4482:^
4442:^
4428:^
4126:,
4063:,
3979:23
3976:67
3918:.
3879:27
3876:29
3873:20
3870:20
3856:49
3850:94
3638:,
253:19
5262:.
5243:.
5224:.
5205:.
5186:.
5167:.
5131:.
5112:.
5017:.
4996:.
4970:.
4944:.
4914:.
4597:.
4476:.
3996:–
3973:1
3882:3
3859:6
3403:Z
3093:)
3089:(
3053:e
3046:t
3039:v
1144:/
1090:)
1066:(
341:e
334:t
327:v
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