176:
1527:
1070:
1481:
1245:, west of the Ypres–Comines canal, were pushed back to the far side. By the end of 15 October, the Cavalry Corps and the 3rd Cavalry Division held the Lys river from Armentières to Comines and the Comines canal to Ypres. The BEF was ordered to make a general advance on 16 October, as the German forces were falling back, except for III Reserve Corps, which was advancing westwards from Antwerp. The cavalry were ordered to cross the Lys between Armentières and Menin as the III Corps advanced north-east, to clear the way for the cavalry and gain touch with the 7th Division near Ypres.
1270:(RFC) reconnaissance aircraft and made artillery support impossible. The river was a muddy stream 45–60 feet (14–18 m) wide and 5 feet (1.5 m) deep at that point, flanked by water meadows. The banks of the Lys were cut by boggy streams and dykes which kept the cavalry on the roads. German outposts were pushed back but the crossings were well-defended and dismounted cavalry attacks were not able to dislodge the German defenders. Cavalry which got to Warneton town square were withdrawn during the night. The attack was resumed on 18 October, when the cavalry attacked from
1139:, where it merged with the plain. A coastal strip about 10 miles (16 km) wide was near sea level and fringed by sand dunes. Inland the ground was mainly meadow, cut by canals, dykes, drainage ditches and roads built up on causeways. The Lys, Yser and upper Scheldt had been canalised and between them the water level underground was close to the surface, rose further in the autumn and filled any dip, the sides of which then collapsed. The ground surface quickly turned to a consistency of cream cheese and on the coast troops were confined to roads, except during frosts.
64:
190:
1391:, retreating out of the town and then around noon, the 9th and 13th brigades of II Corps arrived and conducted an advance to the Messines road. The brigades engaged the 6th Bavarian Division, preventing it from supporting the 26th Division, the British suffering many losses, as did the Germans in their efforts to reach Messines. To the north of Messines, the 2nd Cavalry Division was engaged by elements of the 6th Bavarian Reserve Division and all of the 3rd Bavarian Division. Gough received six French artillery batteries and
1249:
1195:
225:
1293:
148:
162:
1225:. The 3rd Cavalry Brigade attacked Mont des Cats, up slopes covered in hop-fields towards a monastery on the hilltop, with dismounted cavalry attacking from the west and mounted cavalry with a battery of horse artillery from the south. Next day the cavalry advanced onto high ground east of Mont des Cats and occupied Mont Noir, 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Bailleul. On 14 October, the cavalry advanced north-eastwards, occupied
1573:
French to forestall German moves but the
Germans had to rely on reports from spies, which were frequently wrong. The French resorted to more cautious infantry tactics, using cover to reduce casualties and centralised command as the German army commanders followed contradictory plans. The French did not need to obtain a quick decisive result and could concentrate on preserving the French army by parrying German blows.
232:
1027:, which had been formed from the units on the left (northern) flank of the Second Army on 4 October. The Allies and the Germans attempted to take more ground after the "open" northern flank had disappeared, Franco-British attacks towards Lille in October, being followed up by attempts to advance between the BEF and the Belgian army by a new French
1504:
many casualties attacking the French 32nd
Division. By the morning of the 1 November, the Germans had secured the line and both towns but the ridges to the west of the Wytschaete–Messines line were held by the French 32nd Division. The British were exhausted and most divisions had been reduced to a shadow. The British 7th Division had only
1007:, rather than advancing around an open German northern (right) flank. The 6th Army had also found that on arrival in the north, it was forced to oppose the French, rather than advance around their northern (left) flank and that the secondary objective of protecting the northern flank of the German armies in France had become the main task.
1216:
to allow the III Corps to advance eastwards towards Lille. The cavalry was ordered to extend as far north as Ypres. In front of the First
Cavalry Corps, was a line of hills from Mont des Cats to Mont Kemmel, about 400 feet (120 m) above sea level, with spurs running south across the British line
1545:
per day and use hundreds of motor-vehicles, co-ordinated by two staff officers, Commandant Gérard and
Captain Doumenc. The French used Belgian and captured German rail wagons and the domestic telephone and telegraph systems. The initiative held by the Germans in August was not recovered as all troop
1572:
and
Cambrai was available and had to be used to supply the German armies on the right, while the 6th Army travelled in the opposite direction, limiting the army to forty trains a day, which took four days to move a corps. Information on German troop movements from wireless interception, enabled the
1503:
of I Corps, to reinforce the
British in the town and the 39th Division was assigned to recapture Messines. The 39th Division attack failed and the 32nd Division and the remaining British were pushed out of Wytschaete, by the 6th Bavarian Reserve Division of II Bavarian Corps; the Germans suffering
1356:
Here a terrible struggle ensued, in which the
English fought in a way to compel our highest respect, as least as regards their soldierly qualities. In the village itself they had occupied every house, the streets were barred by barricades – metres in thickness, the windows of the houses stuffed up
1142:
The rest of the
Flanders Plain was woods and small fields, divided by hedgerows planted with trees and cultivated from small villages and farms. The terrain was difficult for infantry operations because of the lack of observation, impossible for mounted action because of the many obstructions and
1321:
to retreat to this new line as an order for a general retreat beyond
Hollebeke Château. Once this was realised, Gough ordered an immediate counter-thrust to recapture lost ground. The attack succeeded with little loss, against the German Cavalry Corps. Lieutenant-General Gustav von Hollen, given
1342:
and fifty guns deemed necessary to defend such a position and the troops were spread over 4 miles (6.4 km). The
Germans forced the 3rd Cavalry Brigade out of position at midday. The leading German units were less than 3 miles (4.8 km) from Ypres but pushed no further. The 1st Cavalry
1512:
from Britain. The Germans had also suffered high losses and needed to pause to reinforce their formations. The front fell quiet, action being limited to raids by both sides and heavy shelling of Ypres by German artillery. The Germans made their last effort against Ypres on 10 November.
1347:, the Commander in Chief of French forces in the north, sent eight battalions from French XVI Corps to Hollebeke and the French 32nd Division to St Eloi as reinforcements. In the morning a German attack attempted to push between Messines and the Comines Canal held by the Cavalry Corps.
1179:, the intervening areas were agricultural, with wide roads on shallow foundations and unpaved mud tracks in France, narrow pavé roads along the frontier and in Belgium. In France, the roads were closed by the local authorities during thaws, to preserve the surface and marked by
1536:
The French had been able to use the undamaged railways behind their front, to move troops more quickly than the Germans, who had to take long detours, wait for repairs to damaged tracks and replace rolling stock. The French IV Corps moved from Lorraine on 2 September in
1236:
to Menin. Estaires was captured by French cavalry but German defences prevented an advance beyond Comines, 5.5 miles (8.9 km) west of Menin, where advanced guards of the German XIX and XIII Corps had arrived during the night. A foothold was gained at
1490:
To safeguard their retirement, the British shelled Messines to prevent the Germans maintaining close contact. RFC aircraft were also busy, attacking German ground forces and harassing advancing columns. Elsewhere the Germans were less successful. The
1637:, wrote that the II Corps battle at La Bassée could be taken as separate but that the battles from Armentières to Messines and Ypres, were better understood as a battle in two parts, an offensive by III Corps and the Cavalry Corps from
1467:
and Gough committed the 1st Lincolns and Northumberland Fusiliers from 9th Brigade, to retake the ridge and town. They failed at the ridge but the Lancers recaptured the town. The Lincolns and the Northumberlands lost about
1472:
of their strength trying to recapture the ridge. The 1st Cavalry Division in the Messines area fell back and the lost ridges exposed Messines to German artillery-fire. As long as Wytschaete (to the north of Messines) and
1185:
signs, which were ignored by British lorry drivers. The difficulty of movement after the end of summer absorbed much of the local labour on road maintenance, leaving field defences to be built by front-line soldiers.
1035:
and then the 6th Army from Alsace and Lorraine had been intended to secure German lines of communication through Belgium, where the Belgian army had sortied several times during the period between the Franco-British
1333:
To the south of the 7th Division and 3rd Cavalry Division, the 2nd Cavalry Division was not troubled by the II Bavarian Corps but German artillery caused some difficulty, when it shelled Hollebeke. Gough only had
300:
3641:
1002:
On 24 September, the French advance met a German attack rather than an open flank and by 29 September, having been reinforced to eight corps, the Second Army was still being opposed by German forces near
3656:
3840:
1229:
and Kemmel against slight opposition and then reached a line from Dranoutre to Wytschaete, linking with the 3rd Cavalry Division of IV Corps, which had been operating in Belgium since early October.
1083:
in the north-west, lay chalk downlands, covered with soil sufficient for arable farming. East of the line, the land declines in a series of spurs into the Flanders plain, bounded by canals linking
4298:
1317:
of the 2nd Cavalry Division was shelled out of its positions at Kortewilde and the line was withdrawn to Hollebeke Château. Confusion over the orders, meant the units interpreted the order from
1357:
with sandbags, the doors barricaded with furniture and stones; through the walls they drilled loopholes scarcely visible; each house was a small fortress, scattering death and destruction.
3738:
3375:
2539:
3817:
1274:
to Tenbrielen but made no progress against a strong and well-organised German defence, ending the day opposite Deûlémont in the south to the railway at Tenbrielen to the north. From
3845:
2352:
3760:
1985:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. II (1st ed.). London: Macmillan.
4033:
3452:
2410:
803:
293:
4140:
4273:
4048:
3803:
1217:
of advance, occupied by the German IV Cavalry Corps with three divisions. On 12 October, the British cavalry advanced and found the Germans dug in on Mont des Cats and at
4043:
3733:
3684:
3599:
4293:
4268:
3887:
530:
286:
592:
923:: reciprocal attempts by the German and Entente armies to attack beyond the northern flank of their opponent. The attempts to turn the northern flank led to several
3728:
3086:
95:
3357:
2579:
1143:
difficult for artillery because of the limited view. South of La Bassée Canal around Lens and Béthune was a coal-mining district full of slag heaps, pit-heads (
959:
3788:
3718:
2569:
2480:
1645:
which from 30 October mainly took place north of the Lys at Armentières, from when the battles of Armentières and Messines merged with the Battles of Ypres.
3812:
2703:
2157:
2380:
2710:
1297:
1016:
796:
513:
2362:
3387:
3096:
2998:
3970:
3808:
3795:
3752:
3661:
3189:
2756:
2403:
1351:
moved the 6th Bavarian Reserve Division and the 26th Division of the II Bavarian Corps up, to begin the assault during the evening of 30 October.
4152:
4162:
4020:
1509:
3934:
3868:
3705:
3584:
3257:
2276:
2132:
2026:
1927:
1306:
4109:
3529:
2314:
1589:
According to the Battles Nomenclature Committee of 9 July 1920, four battles occurred simultaneously during October and November 1914. The
1432:
1416:
and an infantry brigade from the 32nd Division, although they played little part in the battle. Despite heavy shelling by German guns from
1327:
1322:
command of the Cavalry Corps after his performance commanding German IV Cavalry Corps on 20 October, was dismissed and replaced by General
1314:
1205:
789:
3880:
4094:
2832:
2337:
4079:
3369:
2771:
378:
3464:
2517:
4318:
3954:
3648:
2736:
2207:
2048:
2007:
1968:
1946:
1908:
1053:
331:
3134:
2172:
747:
2870:
1526:
1069:
449:
4205:
4010:
3990:
3777:
3713:
3536:
3405:
2309:
2229:
2167:
1500:
3679:
3046:
2105:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3985:
2324:
2299:
2197:
1480:
224:
4313:
4038:
3980:
3975:
3939:
3873:
3765:
3611:
3194:
2584:
2512:
2443:
2212:
2182:
2177:
1368:
471:
395:
245:
3204:
995:
to move from the German–French border to the northern flank on 17 September. By the next day French attacks north of the
4308:
3929:
3556:
3496:
3393:
3298:
3061:
2847:
2551:
2390:
2289:
2070:
Military Operations France and Belgium, 1914 Mons, the Retreat to the Seine, the Marne and the Aisne August–October 1914
1492:
570:
400:
3164:
1983:
Military Operations France and Belgium, 1914: Antwerp, La Bassée, Armentières, Messines and Ypres October–November 1914
722:
4167:
3604:
3589:
3447:
3399:
2715:
2589:
2502:
2266:
2254:
2249:
770:
742:
555:
310:
50:
3381:
2776:
1477:(to the south of Messines) remained in British hands, it was possible to prevent a German breakthrough in the south.
412:
4263:
4147:
4104:
3139:
3124:
3026:
2895:
2463:
2375:
2332:
842:
717:
707:
685:
619:
535:
525:
498:
326:
4089:
3429:
3036:
2890:
1111:
and to the north-west lay the sea. The plain was almost flat, apart from a line of low hills from Cassel, east to
3857:
3441:
3184:
3169:
2781:
2475:
2453:
2202:
2192:
2125:
1041:
765:
737:
692:
675:
631:
545:
466:
422:
417:
30:
3470:
3411:
3351:
63:
4288:
4278:
4064:
3551:
3541:
3423:
3159:
3154:
3076:
2485:
2458:
2162:
1634:
1626:
1049:
1032:
992:
732:
670:
646:
550:
476:
2880:
1597:
857:
1079:
The North-west of France and the south-west Belgium were known as Flanders. West of a line between Arras and
4283:
4135:
4127:
4069:
3829:
3524:
3287:
3199:
3114:
3109:
3081:
3041:
2900:
2885:
2860:
2741:
2618:
837:
827:
697:
658:
636:
486:
427:
353:
4303:
3902:
3626:
3561:
3417:
3144:
3071:
3021:
3006:
2988:
2961:
2875:
2842:
2507:
2468:
2448:
2259:
2152:
1590:
852:
847:
712:
680:
641:
609:
540:
508:
491:
481:
454:
363:
212:
3435:
1424:
due to the advance of II Corps on the right (south) of the 2nd Cavalry Division into the Bavarian flank.
3892:
3546:
3211:
3174:
3104:
3051:
2973:
2941:
2915:
2865:
2796:
2698:
2651:
2497:
2435:
2304:
2187:
2019:
German Strategy and the Path to Verdun: Erich Von Falkenhayn and the Development of Attrition, 1870–1916
1612:
1323:
982:
916:
887:
882:
877:
872:
727:
702:
560:
442:
346:
181:
26:
2837:
4242:
4157:
2811:
2786:
2761:
2118:
1978:
1630:
1028:
988:
976:
965:
614:
1015:
By 6 October the French needed British reinforcements to withstand German attacks around Lille. The
4224:
4177:
3363:
3227:
3179:
3056:
3016:
3011:
2956:
2639:
2633:
2534:
1619:
1248:
1194:
1024:
624:
580:
575:
390:
368:
1056:, the siege artillery used against Antwerp and four of the new reserve corps training in Germany.
4184:
4099:
3458:
3322:
3304:
3269:
3233:
3066:
3031:
2983:
2968:
2855:
2806:
2645:
2604:
2284:
2100:
1440:
1267:
924:
867:
597:
437:
358:
336:
1292:
4217:
4211:
4172:
4074:
3907:
3490:
3345:
3328:
3129:
2951:
2931:
2766:
2751:
2681:
2669:
2529:
2370:
2347:
2294:
2074:
2044:
2022:
2003:
1986:
1964:
1956:
1942:
1923:
1904:
1550:
1474:
1310:
1175:, along the Lys river. With isolated sugar beet and alcohol refineries and a steel works near
969:
663:
604:
407:
3275:
3245:
3239:
3149:
2978:
2946:
2936:
2675:
2599:
2594:
2522:
2342:
2242:
952:
the belligerents had made reciprocal attempts to turn the northern flank of their opponent.
832:
565:
341:
4084:
3924:
3263:
2816:
2791:
2490:
2398:
2237:
1176:
920:
813:
760:
432:
258:
54:
46:
22:
2068:
1271:
999:, led to Falkenhayn to order the 6th Army to repulse French forces and secure the flank.
3917:
3897:
3568:
3281:
3119:
2910:
2801:
2657:
2561:
2544:
1443:
and survivors of the London Scottish Regiments, against six German battalions, odds of
1348:
1222:
1160:
912:
503:
373:
207:
153:
4257:
4028:
3316:
3310:
2746:
2663:
2574:
1641:
against which the Germans retired and the offensive by the German 6th and 4th armies
1388:
1164:
1112:
1037:
996:
953:
908:
385:
266:
195:
1447:
Both were steadily forced back from their positions at the towns and ridge lines by
3478:
2905:
2036:
1569:
1464:
1318:
1499:
was brought up to drive the British back out of Wytschaete. The French rushed the
931:
left neither side with a flank to aim at. The battle was fought between the river
1313:), which held its position on Messines Ridge despite substantial casualties. The
3689:
3594:
3292:
2720:
2141:
1116:
1023:
on 5 October and reinforcements from England assembled on the left flank of the
167:
1541:
and assembled by 6 September. The French had been able to move troops in up to
1413:
1209:
1132:
1124:
1119:. From Kemmel, a low ridge lay to the north-east, declining in elevation past
1092:
1088:
1990:
110:
97:
3484:
3251:
2078:
1459:
but German infantry struggled to secure the ridge and did not succeed until
1330:
and the 7th Division moved to cover the gap that threatened the left flank.
1259:
1242:
1226:
1156:
1136:
1128:
928:
1218:
3744:
1565:
1561:
1238:
1233:
1100:
1020:
1159:
and Roubaix formed a manufacturing complex, with outlying industries at
1168:
1096:
1045:
262:
1199:
Modern map, vicinity of Hazbrouck–Flêtre (commune FR insee code 59237)
1596:
from the Beuvry–Béthune road to a line from Estaires to Fournes, the
1080:
2101:
Battle of Messines, 12 October – 2 November 1914 at historyofwar.org
1607:
from the Douve to the Ypres–Comines Canal and the Battles of Ypres
1455:
another German infantry attack developed. Wytschaete had fallen at
1232:
On 15 October, the cavalry was ordered to reconnoitre the Lys from
3912:
1557:
1525:
1479:
1343:
Division repulsed German attacks to the south, aimed at Messines.
1291:
1253:
Modern map of Deulemont and vicinity (commune FR insee code 59173)
1247:
1193:
1172:
1120:
1108:
1084:
1068:
1004:
932:
781:
89:
1629:(11 November), from the Ypres–Comines Canal to Houthulst Forest.
1379:
and broke into Messines after nearly five hours of fighting, the
1961:
Pyrrhic victory: French Strategy and Operations in the Great War
1531:
Outline of the Noyon Salient, formed from September–October 1914
1344:
1104:
278:
2114:
1095:
and Calais. To the south-east, canals ran between Lens, Lille,
785:
282:
2110:
1878:
1876:
1750:
1748:
1687:
1685:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1603:
from Estaires to the Douve river, the Battle of Messines
1508:
left and was withdrawn from the line and replaced by the
1208:, covered the assembly of the III Corps at St. Omer and
1435:. The ridge between the town and Messines was held by
1074:
Topography of the Arras–Lens area showing ridge lines
907:
was fought in October 1914 between the armies of the
4299:
Battles of World War I involving the United Kingdom
4197:
4118:
4057:
4019:
3963:
3952:
3856:
3828:
3776:
3698:
3672:
3624:
3577:
3517:
3510:
3338:
3220:
3095:
2997:
2924:
2825:
2729:
2691:
2626:
2617:
2560:
2434:
2423:
2389:
2361:
2323:
2275:
2228:
2221:
972:, by transferring by rail from eastern France from
1463:The 5th Cavalry Brigade and 9th Brigade committed
1305:A German attack threatened the left flank of the
2000:Passchendaele and the Battles of Ypres 1914–1918
1204:The 1st and 2nd Cavalry divisions under General
964:(Chief of the General Staff) ordered the French
3087:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers
1354:
39:
2126:
1546:movements to the right flank were piecemeal.
1485:French counter-attack at Messines, 2 November
1258:The cavalry advanced towards the Lys between
797:
294:
8:
1922:(e-book ed.). Barnsley: Pen and Sword.
1180:
1150:
1144:
980:
957:
4274:Battles of the Western Front (World War I)
3960:
3669:
3574:
3514:
2623:
2431:
2225:
2133:
2119:
2111:
1155:). North of the canal, the city of Lille,
1115:, Mont Noir, Mont Rouge, Scherpenberg and
1044:. In August British marines had landed at
1019:(BEF) had begun to move from the Aisne to
804:
790:
782:
301:
287:
279:
36:
1903:(pbk. repr. ed.). London: Longmans.
1383:of Infantry Brigade 51 facing fewer than
4294:Battles of World War I involving Belgium
4269:Battles of World War I involving Germany
3376:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
1920:Ypres 1914: Messines, Early Battles 1914
1882:
1703:
1633:, the British official historian in the
919:, as part of what came to be called the
16:Part of the Western Front in World War I
3753:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
1939:Paths of Glory: The French Army 1914–18
1867:
1855:
1831:
1814:
1790:
1778:
1766:
1754:
1739:
1727:
1715:
1691:
1664:
1657:
1582:
1135:, curving north and then north-west to
261:, historically used in English) in the
1405:Indian battalions but were opposed by
3706:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia
3042:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)
1843:
1676:
1420:no infantry assault took place until
7:
4110:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
1802:
1433:Household Cavalry Composite Regiment
4039:Ottomans against the Triple Entente
2833:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2073:(1st ed.). London: Macmillan.
1241:and German outposts at Houthen and
2772:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes
14:
1387:cavalry. The British conducted a
3135:Second Battle of the Piave River
2757:Russian invasion of East Prussia
1963:. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
231:
230:
223:
188:
174:
160:
146:
62:
4206:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo
3406:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
4029:Austria-Hungary against Serbia
3888:Deportations from East Prussia
3685:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia
1:
3940:Ukrainian Canadian internment
1406:
1279:
1221:, on the road from Cassel to
935:and the Comines–Ypres canal.
4095:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement
3394:Estonian War of Independence
3062:Southern Palestine offensive
2043:. Vol. I. Oxford: OUP.
2041:The First World War: To Arms
1901:Ypres The First Battle, 1914
1427:Wytschaete was held by only
1412:infantry. The French sent a
1048:and in October a new German
968:to move to the north of the
80:12 October – 2 November 1914
4049:USA against Austria-Hungary
3448:Turkish War of Independence
3400:Latvian War of Independence
3125:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918
2716:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo
1609:(19 October – 22 November),
1017:British Expeditionary Force
771:Western Front tactics, 1917
4335:
4132:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk
3680:1899–1923 cholera pandemic
3140:Second Battle of the Marne
3027:Second battle of the Aisne
2896:Second Battle of Champagne
2737:German invasion of Belgium
1556:only the single line from
1554:(24 August – 7 September),
1031:. The moves of the German
950:17 September to 17 October
20:
4238:
3913:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)
3442:Irish War of Independence
3185:Armistice of Villa Giusti
3170:Battle of Vittorio Veneto
2782:First Battle of the Marne
2148:
1605:(12 October – 2 November)
1601:(13 October – 2 November)
1594:(10 October – 2 November)
1042:First Battle of the Marne
823:
318:
218:
201:
138:
72:
61:
44:
40:Battle of Messines (1914)
31:Battle of Messines (1917)
4319:History of West Flanders
4065:Constantinople Agreement
3358:Armenian–Azerbaijani War
3221:Co-belligerent conflicts
3190:Second Romanian campaign
3160:Third Transjordan attack
2871:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
2777:Battle of Grand Couronné
1643:19 October – 2 November,
1635:History of the Great War
1627:Battle of Nonne Bosschen
1362:Anonymous German soldier
4128:Modus vivendi of Acroma
4080:Bulgaria–Germany treaty
3388:Greater Poland Uprising
3288:National Protection War
3165:Meuse–Argonne offensive
3115:German spring offensive
3110:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
2886:Siege of Novogeorgievsk
2861:Second Battle of Artois
2742:Battle of the Frontiers
2106:British order of battle
2067:Edmonds, J. E. (1922).
1375:began its offensive at
1266:in fog, which grounded
1107:river from Courtrai to
1052:was assembled from the
659:German spring offensive
4153:Paris Peace Conference
4141:Ukraine–Central Powers
3935:Massacres of Albanians
3903:Late Ottoman genocides
3710:Bulgarian occupations
3418:Third Anglo-Afghan War
3382:Hungarian–Romanian War
3200:Naval Victory Bulletin
3195:Armistice with Germany
3145:Hundred Days Offensive
3072:Battle of La Malmaison
3022:Second battle of Arras
2989:Battle of Transylvania
2843:Second Battle of Ypres
2711:Sarajevo assassination
2600:South African Republic
2017:Foley, R. T. (2007) .
1533:
1487:
1359:
1302:
1283: 175 casualties.
1278:the Cavalry Corps had
1255:
1201:
1181:
1151:
1149:) and miners' houses (
1145:
1076:
981:
960:Grand Quartier Général
958:
944:Strategic developments
213:Crown Prince Rupprecht
202:Commanders and leaders
4163:Treaty of St. Germain
4136:Russia–Central Powers
4090:Sykes–Picot Agreement
3918:Pontic Greek genocide
3893:Destruction of Kalisz
3869:Eastern Mediterranean
3430:Polish–Lithuanian War
3212:Armistice of Belgrade
3175:Armistice of Salonica
3105:Operation Faustschlag
3052:Third Battle of Oituz
2974:Baranovichi offensive
2942:Lake Naroch offensive
2916:Battle of Robat Karim
2891:Vistula–Bug offensive
2866:Battles of the Isonzo
2797:First Battle of Ypres
1998:Evans, M. M. (1997).
1899:Beckett, I. (2006) .
1598:Battle of Armentières
1549:Until the end of the
1529:
1483:
1324:Georg von der Marwitz
1295:
1251:
1197:
1072:
1011:Tactical developments
991:) ordered the German
983:Oberste Heeresleitung
27:First Battle of Ypres
4314:November 1914 events
4158:Treaty of Versailles
3874:Mount Lebanon famine
3789:in the United States
3757:Russian occupations
3471:Turkish–Armenian War
3412:Polish–Ukrainian War
3352:Ukrainian–Soviet War
3299:Central Asian Revolt
3082:Armistice of Focșani
2812:Battle of Sarikamish
2762:Battle of Tannenberg
2158:Military engagements
1937:Clayton, A. (2003).
1918:Cave, Nigel (2016).
1613:Battle of Langemarck
1410: 16,000 German
1389:house-to-house fight
1338:and ten guns of the
1307:1st Cavalry Division
1190:British preparations
989:German General Staff
977:Erich von Falkenhayn
766:French Army mutinies
761:1914 Christmas truce
531:Hohenzollern Redoubt
246:class=notpageimage|
111:50.76667°N 2.90000°E
4309:October 1914 events
4225:They shall not pass
4148:Treaty of Bucharest
4105:Treaty of Bucharest
4044:USA against Germany
4021:Declarations of war
3725:German occupations
3638:British casualties
3497:Soviet–Georgian War
3424:Egyptian Revolution
3364:Armeno-Georgian War
3228:Somaliland campaign
3180:Armistice of Mudros
3057:Battle of Caporetto
3047:Battle of Mărășești
3017:Zimmermann telegram
3012:February Revolution
2957:Battle of the Somme
2881:Bug-Narew Offensive
2856:Battle of Gallipoli
2848:Sinking of the RMS
2640:Scramble for Africa
2634:Franco-Prussian War
2290:Sinai and Palestine
1941:. London: Cassell.
1885:, pp. 265–266.
1817:, pp. 160–166.
1793:, pp. 158–160.
1757:, pp. 100–104.
1706:, pp. 269–270.
1667:, pp. 125–126.
1620:Battle of Gheluvelt
1591:Battle of La Bassée
1328:6th Cavalry Brigade
1315:3rd Cavalry Brigade
925:meeting engagements
755:Associated articles
472:Hartmannswillerkopf
332:Invasion of Belgium
107: /
68:Messines area, 1914
4185:Treaty of Lausanne
4100:Paris Economy Pact
4034:UK against Germany
3964:Entry into the war
3930:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)
3649:Ottoman casualties
3459:Franco-Turkish War
3339:Post-War conflicts
3323:Russian Revolution
3305:Invasion of Darfur
3270:Kelantan rebellion
3258:Kurdish rebellions
3234:Mexican Revolution
3067:October Revolution
3032:Kerensky offensive
3007:Capture of Baghdad
2984:Monastir offensive
2969:Brusilov offensive
2807:Battle of Kolubara
2646:Russo-Japanese War
2021:. Cambridge: CUP.
1769:, pp. 98–123.
1694:, pp. 98–100.
1534:
1488:
1441:6th Dragoon Guards
1303:
1268:Royal Flying Corps
1256:
1202:
1077:
905:Battle of Messines
4264:Conflicts in 1914
4251:
4250:
4234:
4233:
4218:The Golden Virgin
4212:Mutilated victory
4193:
4192:
4173:Treaty of Trianon
4168:Treaty of Neuilly
4075:Damascus Protocol
3948:
3947:
3908:Armenian genocide
3865:Allied blockades
3837:Belgian refugees
3620:
3619:
3530:Strategic bombing
3506:
3505:
3491:Franco-Syrian War
3465:Greco-Turkish War
3453:Anglo-Turkish War
3436:Polish–Soviet War
3370:German Revolution
3346:Russian Civil War
3329:Finnish Civil War
3155:Battle of Megiddo
3130:Battle of Goychay
3077:Battle of Cambrai
3037:Battle of Mărăști
2952:Battle of Jutland
2932:Erzurum offensive
2787:Siege of Przemyśl
2767:Siege of Tsingtao
2752:Battle of Galicia
2682:Second Balkan War
2670:Italo-Turkish War
2627:Pre-War conflicts
2613:
2612:
2503:Portuguese Empire
2419:
2418:
2381:German New Guinea
2363:Asian and Pacific
2028:978-0-521-04436-3
1929:978-1-47387-980-5
1846:, pp. 21–22.
1742:, pp. 94–95.
1730:, pp. 74–76.
1718:, pp. 73–74.
1639:12 to 18 October,
1551:Siege of Maubeuge
1311:Beauvoir De Lisle
1182:Barrières fermėes
1054:III Reserve Corps
974:2 to 9 September.
898:
897:
779:
778:
605:Nivelle offensive
379:Trouée de Charmes
277:
276:
134:
133:
116:50.76667; 2.90000
4326:
4178:Treaty of Sèvres
4070:Treaty of London
3961:
3739:Northeast France
3670:
3642:Parliamentarians
3575:
3537:Chemical weapons
3515:
3276:Senussi campaign
3246:Muscat rebellion
3240:Maritz rebellion
3208:
3150:Vardar offensive
2979:Battle of Romani
2947:Battle of Asiago
2937:Battle of Verdun
2901:Kosovo offensive
2676:First Balkan War
2624:
2523:Russian Republic
2432:
2226:
2168:Economic history
2135:
2128:
2121:
2112:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2054:
2032:
2013:
1994:
1974:
1952:
1933:
1914:
1886:
1880:
1871:
1865:
1859:
1853:
1847:
1841:
1835:
1829:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1800:
1794:
1788:
1782:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1743:
1737:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1662:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1624:
1617:
1616:(21–24 October),
1610:
1606:
1602:
1595:
1587:
1555:
1544:
1540:
1507:
1471:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1438:
1430:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1363:
1341:
1337:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1265:
1215:
1184:
1154:
1148:
1065:Flanders terrain
986:
975:
963:
951:
818:
816:
806:
799:
792:
783:
718:St Quentin Canal
313:
303:
296:
289:
280:
234:
233:
227:
194:
192:
191:
184:
180:
178:
177:
166:
164:
163:
152:
150:
149:
122:
121:
119:
118:
117:
112:
108:
105:
104:
103:
100:
74:
73:
66:
37:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4289:Race to the Sea
4279:1914 in Belgium
4254:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4230:
4189:
4121:
4114:
4085:Treaty of Darin
4053:
4015:
3971:Austria-Hungary
3957:
3944:
3925:Rape of Belgium
3852:
3824:
3772:
3766:Western Armenia
3761:Eastern Galicia
3694:
3668:
3632:
3631:Civilian impact
3630:
3616:
3573:
3502:
3334:
3264:Ovambo Uprising
3216:
3202:
3091:
2993:
2920:
2838:Battle of Łomża
2821:
2817:Christmas truce
2792:Race to the Sea
2725:
2687:
2609:
2580:Austria-Hungary
2556:
2491:Empire of Japan
2428:
2426:
2415:
2399:U-boat campaign
2385:
2357:
2319:
2271:
2217:
2198:Popular culture
2144:
2139:
2097:
2092:
2083:
2081:
2066:
2062:
2060:Further reading
2057:
2051:
2035:
2029:
2016:
2010:
1997:
1977:
1971:
1955:
1949:
1936:
1930:
1917:
1911:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1881:
1874:
1866:
1862:
1854:
1850:
1842:
1838:
1830:
1821:
1813:
1809:
1801:
1797:
1789:
1785:
1777:
1773:
1765:
1761:
1753:
1746:
1738:
1734:
1726:
1722:
1714:
1710:
1702:
1698:
1690:
1683:
1675:
1671:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1649:
1642:
1638:
1623:(29–31 October)
1622:
1615:
1611:comprising the
1608:
1604:
1600:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1553:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1524:
1519:
1505:
1486:
1469:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1436:
1428:
1421:
1417:
1409:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1365:
1361:
1339:
1335:
1309:(Major-General
1301:
1290:
1282:
1275:
1263:
1262:and Comines at
1254:
1213:
1200:
1192:
1177:Aire-sur-la-Lys
1075:
1067:
1062:
1013:
973:
949:
946:
941:
921:Race to the Sea
901:
900:
899:
894:
819:
815:Race to the Sea
814:
812:
810:
780:
775:
752:
556:Vimy Ridge 1916
433:Race to the Sea
401:1st St. Quentin
323:
314:
309:
307:
273:
272:
271:
270:
269:
248:
242:
241:
240:
239:
235:
189:
187:
175:
173:
172:
161:
159:
147:
145:
115:
113:
109:
106:
101:
98:
96:
94:
93:
92:
67:
55:First World War
47:Race to the Sea
33:
23:Race to the Sea
17:
12:
11:
5:
4332:
4330:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4284:1914 in France
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4256:
4255:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4209:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4181:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4150:
4145:
4144:
4143:
4138:
4130:
4124:
4122:
4120:Peace treaties
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4025:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4008:
4006:United Kingdom
4003:
3998:
3996:Ottoman Empire
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3967:
3965:
3958:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3900:
3898:Sack of Dinant
3895:
3890:
3885:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3862:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3846:United Kingdom
3843:
3834:
3832:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3806:
3800:POW locations
3798:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3782:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3755:
3750:
3749:
3748:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3716:
3708:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3676:
3674:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3651:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3635:
3633:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3600:United Kingdom
3597:
3595:Ottoman Empire
3592:
3587:
3581:
3579:
3572:
3571:
3569:Trench warfare
3566:
3565:
3564:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3521:
3519:
3512:
3508:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3494:
3488:
3482:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3468:
3462:
3456:
3445:
3439:
3433:
3427:
3421:
3415:
3409:
3403:
3397:
3391:
3385:
3379:
3373:
3367:
3361:
3355:
3349:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3326:
3320:
3314:
3308:
3302:
3296:
3290:
3285:
3282:Volta-Bani War
3279:
3273:
3267:
3261:
3255:
3249:
3243:
3237:
3231:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3209:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3120:Zeebrugge Raid
3117:
3112:
3107:
3101:
3099:
3093:
3092:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3003:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2913:
2911:Battle of Loos
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2802:Black Sea raid
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2704:Historiography
2695:
2693:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2658:Bosnian Crisis
2655:
2652:Tangier Crisis
2649:
2643:
2637:
2630:
2628:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2585:Ottoman Empire
2582:
2577:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2562:Central Powers
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2548:
2547:
2545:British Empire
2540:United Kingdom
2537:
2532:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2518:Russian Empire
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2436:Entente Powers
2429:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2404:North Atlantic
2395:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2367:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2315:Central Arabia
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2281:
2279:
2277:Middle Eastern
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2252:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2234:
2232:
2223:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2178:Historiography
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2096:
2095:External links
2093:
2091:
2090:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2049:
2033:
2027:
2014:
2008:
1995:
1979:Edmonds, J. E.
1975:
1969:
1957:Doughty, R. A.
1953:
1947:
1934:
1928:
1915:
1909:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1872:
1860:
1858:, p. 100.
1848:
1836:
1834:, p. 193.
1819:
1807:
1795:
1783:
1771:
1759:
1744:
1732:
1720:
1708:
1696:
1681:
1679:, p. 101.
1669:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1530:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1484:
1353:
1300:near Hollebeke
1298:129th Baluchis
1296:
1289:
1286:
1252:
1214:10–12 October,
1198:
1191:
1188:
1073:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1012:
1009:
956:, the head of
945:
942:
940:
937:
913:British empire
896:
895:
893:
892:
891:
890:
888:Nonne Bosschen
885:
880:
870:
865:
860:
855:
853:La Bassée
850:
845:
843:Bois-le-Prêtre
840:
835:
830:
824:
821:
820:
811:
809:
808:
801:
794:
786:
777:
776:
774:
773:
768:
763:
751:
750:
748:Lys and Escaut
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
689:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
650:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
628:
627:
622:
617:
612:
602:
595:
584:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
517:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
495:
494:
484:
479:
477:Neuve Chapelle
474:
469:
458:
457:
452:
450:Winter actions
447:
446:
445:
440:
430:
425:
420:
415:
413:Grand Couronné
410:
405:
404:
403:
398:
393:
383:
382:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
351:
350:
349:
344:
339:
329:
319:
316:
315:
308:
306:
305:
298:
291:
283:
275:
274:
249:
244:
243:
237:
236:
229:
228:
222:
221:
220:
219:
216:
215:
210:
208:Edmund Allenby
204:
203:
199:
198:
185:
171:
170:
154:British Empire
141:
140:
136:
135:
132:
131:
128:
124:
123:
88:
86:
82:
81:
78:
70:
69:
59:
58:
42:
41:
35:
34:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4331:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4304:Urban warfare
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4244:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4227:
4226:
4222:
4220:
4219:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4196:
4186:
4183:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4117:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4012:
4011:United States
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3951:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3882:
3879:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3747:
3746:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3697:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3628:
3623:
3613:
3612:United States
3610:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3570:
3567:
3563:
3562:Convoy system
3560:
3559:
3558:
3557:Naval warfare
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3513:
3509:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3483:
3480:
3477:
3472:
3469:
3466:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3330:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3318:
3317:Kaocen revolt
3315:
3312:
3311:Easter Rising
3309:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3213:
3210:
3206:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3094:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2996:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2923:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2876:Great Retreat
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2747:Battle of Cer
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2690:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2664:Agadir Crisis
2662:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2552:United States
2550:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2469:French Empire
2467:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2422:
2412:
2411:Mediterranean
2409:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2391:Naval warfare
2388:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2268:
2267:Italian Front
2265:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2255:Eastern Front
2253:
2251:
2250:Western Front
2248:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2208:Puppet states
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2136:
2131:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2052:
2050:0-19-926191-1
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2009:1-85532-734-1
2005:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1970:0-67401-880-X
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1948:0-304-35949-1
1944:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1910:1-4058-3620-2
1906:
1902:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1884:
1883:Strachan 2001
1879:
1877:
1873:
1870:, p. 62.
1869:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1837:
1833:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1808:
1805:, p. 78.
1804:
1799:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1784:
1781:, p. 90.
1780:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1763:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1704:Strachan 2001
1700:
1697:
1693:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1658:
1652:
1636:
1632:
1631:James Edmonds
1628:
1621:
1614:
1599:
1592:
1586:
1583:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1552:
1547:
1528:
1521:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1502:
1501:32nd Division
1498:
1496:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1466:
1442:
1434:
1425:
1415:
1390:
1374:
1372:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1299:
1294:
1287:
1285:
1276:9–18 October,
1273:
1269:
1261:
1250:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1211:
1207:
1196:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1133:Passchendaele
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1113:Mont des Cats
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1071:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1038:Great Retreat
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1000:
998:
994:
990:
985:
984:
978:
971:
967:
962:
961:
955:
954:Joseph Joffre
943:
938:
936:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
909:German empire
906:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
875:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
825:
822:
817:
807:
802:
800:
795:
793:
788:
787:
784:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
758:
757:
756:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
723:Meuse-Argonne
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
666:
662:
661:
660:
657:
656:
655:
654:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
637:Passchendaele
635:
633:
630:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
607:
606:
603:
601:
600:
596:
594:
591:
590:
589:
588:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
523:
522:
521:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
499:2nd Champagne
497:
493:
490:
489:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
467:1st Champagne
465:
464:
463:
462:
456:
453:
451:
448:
444:
441:
439:
436:
435:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
388:
387:
386:Great Retreat
384:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
356:
355:
352:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
334:
333:
330:
328:
325:
324:
322:
317:
312:
311:Western Front
304:
299:
297:
292:
290:
285:
284:
281:
268:
267:West Flanders
264:
260:
256:
252:
247:
226:
217:
214:
211:
209:
206:
205:
200:
197:
196:German Empire
186:
183:
169:
168:British India
158:
157:
156:
155:
143:
142:
137:
129:
126:
125:
120:
91:
87:
84:
83:
79:
76:
75:
71:
65:
60:
56:
52:
51:Western Front
48:
43:
38:
32:
28:
24:
19:
4223:
4216:
4204:
3811: /
3743:
3578:Conscription
3542:Cryptography
3479:Iraqi Revolt
2906:Siege of Kut
2849:
2427:participants
2376:German Samoa
2310:South Arabia
2082:. Retrieved
2069:
2040:
2037:Strachan, H.
2018:
1999:
1982:
1960:
1938:
1919:
1900:
1868:Clayton 2003
1863:
1856:Doughty 2005
1851:
1839:
1832:Beckett 2006
1815:Beckett 2006
1810:
1798:
1791:Beckett 2006
1786:
1779:Beckett 2006
1774:
1767:Edmonds 1925
1762:
1755:Edmonds 1925
1740:Edmonds 1925
1735:
1728:Edmonds 1925
1723:
1716:Edmonds 1925
1711:
1699:
1692:Doughty 2005
1672:
1665:Edmonds 1925
1660:
1585:
1570:Valenciennes
1548:
1535:
1510:8th Division
1494:
1489:
1465:12th Lancers
1426:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1355:
1332:
1304:
1257:
1231:
1203:
1141:
1078:
1014:
1001:
947:
911:against the
904:
902:
862:
754:
753:
713:Saint-Mihiel
681:Belleau Wood
664:
652:
651:
642:La Malmaison
598:
586:
585:
551:Kink Salient
519:
518:
514:Gas: Wieltje
460:
459:
320:
265:province of
254:
250:
144:
139:Belligerents
130:Inconclusive
45:Part of the
18:
3841:Netherlands
3818:Switzerland
3699:Occupations
3690:Spanish flu
3467:(1919–1922)
3461:(1918–1921)
3455:(1918–1923)
3444:(1919–1921)
3438:(1919–1921)
3432:(1919–1920)
3408:(1918–1920)
3402:(1918–1920)
3396:(1918–1920)
3378:(1918–1920)
3360:(1918–1920)
3354:(1917–1921)
3348:(1917–1921)
3295:(1916-1918)
3293:Arab Revolt
3284:(1915–1917)
3278:(1915–1917)
3266:(1914-1917)
3260:(1914–1917)
3254:(1914–1921)
3248:(1913–1920)
3236:(1910–1920)
3230:(1900–1920)
3203: [
2721:July Crisis
2642:(1880–1914)
2305:Mesopotamia
2183:Home fronts
2142:World War I
1470:30 per cent
1385:900 British
1371:Württemberg
1367:The German
1161:Armentières
1117:Mont Kemmel
1029:Eighth Army
979:, Chief of
966:Second Army
858:Armentières
828:1st Picardy
733:2nd Cambrai
571:Boar's Head
561:Mont Sorrel
114: /
4258:Categories
4058:Agreements
3858:War crimes
3734:Luxembourg
3627:Casualties
2498:Montenegro
2333:South West
2213:Technology
2203:Propaganda
2193:Opposition
2002:. Osprey.
1892:References
1844:Evans 1997
1677:Foley 2007
1543:200 trains
1539:109 trains
1495:Pomeranian
1422:2:45 p.m.,
1418:6:00 a.m.,
1414:Cuirassier
1340:10,000 men
1210:Hazebrouck
1125:Wytschaete
1123:, through
1025:Tenth Army
939:Background
927:until the
878:Langemarck
546:Wulverghem
509:3rd Artois
487:2nd Artois
455:1st Artois
102:02°54′00″E
99:50°46′00″N
21:See also:
3955:Diplomacy
3662:Olympians
3585:Australia
3552:Logistics
3485:Vlora War
3414:(1918–19)
3390:(1918–19)
3384:(1918–19)
3372:(1918–19)
3319:(1916–17)
3301:(1916–17)
3252:Zaian War
3242:(1914–15)
2962:first day
2850:Lusitania
2678:(1912–13)
2672:(1911–12)
2660:(1908–09)
2654:(1905–06)
2636:(1870–71)
2425:Principal
2285:Gallipoli
2188:Memorials
2173:Geography
2163:Aftermath
2084:4 January
1991:220044986
1803:Cave 2016
1653:Footnotes
1517:Aftermath
1506:2,380 men
1461:7:35 a.m.
1457:2:45 a.m.
1453:6:00 a.m.
1449:4:00 a.m.
1381:6,000 men
1377:4:30 a.m.
1336:1,500 men
1272:Deûlémont
1264:6:00 a.m.
1260:Houplines
1243:Hollebeke
1227:Dranoutre
1157:Tourcoing
1137:Diksmuide
1129:Gheluvelt
929:North Sea
883:Gheluvelt
873:1st Ypres
728:5th Ypres
708:2nd Somme
686:2nd Marne
676:3rd Aisne
625:The Hills
620:2nd Aisne
581:Fromelles
576:1st Somme
526:The Bluff
492:Hébuterne
482:2nd Ypres
443:1st Ypres
423:1st Aisne
418:1st Marne
391:Le Cateau
369:Charleroi
354:Frontiers
4243:Category
3830:Refugees
3796:Italians
3785:Germans
3745:Ober Ost
3525:Aviation
2619:Timeline
2590:Bulgaria
2371:Tsingtao
2348:Togoland
2295:Caucasus
2230:European
2222:Theatres
2079:58962523
2039:(2001).
1981:(1925).
1959:(2005).
1625:and the
1566:Brussels
1522:Analysis
1497:Division
1475:Warneton
1373:Division
1239:Warneton
1234:Estaires
1223:Bailleul
1101:Courtrai
1093:St. Omer
1050:4th Army
1040:and the
1033:7th Army
1021:Flanders
993:6th Army
970:6th Army
863:Messines
738:Courtrai
693:Soissons
632:Messines
599:Alberich
408:Maubeuge
364:Ardennes
359:Lorraine
327:Moresnet
255:Messines
238:Messines
90:Messines
85:Location
3981:Germany
3881:Germany
3809:Germany
3729:Belgium
3714:Albania
3673:Disease
3653:Sports
3605:Ireland
3518:Warfare
3511:Aspects
2699:Origins
2692:Prelude
2595:Senussi
2575:Germany
2570:Leaders
2508:Romania
2449:Belgium
2444:Leaders
2343:Kamerun
2325:African
2260:Romania
2238:Balkans
2153:Outline
1439:of the
1437:600 men
1431:of the
1429:415 men
1400:⁄
1206:Allenby
1169:Halluin
1165:Comines
1097:Roubaix
1089:Béthune
1060:Prelude
1046:Dunkirk
703:Ailette
671:The Lys
665:Michael
647:Cambrai
541:Hulluch
536:St Eloi
428:Antwerp
263:Belgian
49:on the
4001:Russia
3976:France
3804:Canada
3719:Serbia
3590:Canada
3547:Horses
3499:(1921)
3493:(1920)
3487:(1920)
3481:(1920)
3473:(1920)
3426:(1919)
3420:(1919)
3366:(1918)
3331:(1918)
3325:(1917)
3313:(1916)
3307:(1916)
3272:(1915)
2684:(1913)
2666:(1911)
2648:(1905)
2605:Darfur
2530:Serbia
2513:Russia
2476:Greece
2464:France
2454:Brazil
2300:Persia
2243:Serbia
2077:
2047:
2025:
2006:
1989:
1967:
1945:
1926:
1907:
1349:Fabeck
1326:. The
1288:Battle
1219:Flêtre
1152:corons
1146:fosses
1103:, the
1081:Calais
917:France
838:Albert
833:Flirey
743:Sambre
698:Amiens
566:Verdun
396:Étreux
342:Dinant
259:French
193:
182:France
179:
165:
151:
127:Result
29:, and
4198:Other
3991:Japan
3986:Italy
3813:camps
3657:Rugby
3207:]
2486:Japan
2481:Italy
2459:China
2353:North
1577:Notes
1562:Liège
1558:Trier
1445:12:1.
1369:26th
1319:Gough
1212:from
1173:Menin
1121:Ypres
1109:Ghent
1085:Douai
1005:Lille
997:Aisne
987:(the
948:From
933:Douve
848:Arras
610:Arras
593:Ancre
347:Namur
337:Liège
251:Mesen
3778:POWs
3097:1918
2999:1917
2925:1916
2826:1915
2730:1914
2535:Siam
2338:East
2086:2014
2075:OCLC
2045:ISBN
2023:ISBN
2004:ISBN
1987:OCLC
1965:ISBN
1943:ISBN
1924:ISBN
1905:ISBN
1618:the
1493:3rd
1345:Foch
1171:and
1131:and
1099:and
915:and
903:The
868:Yser
653:1918
615:Vimy
587:1917
520:1916
504:Loos
461:1915
438:Yser
374:Mons
321:1914
77:Date
1560:to
1451:At
1105:Lys
257:in
4260::
3205:It
1875:^
1822:^
1747:^
1684:^
1568:,
1564:,
1407:c.
1280:c.
1167:,
1163:,
1127:,
1091:,
1087:,
25:,
3629:/
2134:e
2127:t
2120:v
2088:.
2053:.
2031:.
2012:.
1993:.
1973:.
1951:.
1932:.
1913:.
1402:2
1398:1
1395:+
1393:1
805:e
798:t
791:v
302:e
295:t
288:v
253:(
57:)
53:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
