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807:. On 6 July, believing Frémont to be acting either on orders from Washington or information that war had been declared, Sloat therefore began to carry out his orders. In a message to Montgomery, Sloat relayed his decision to seize Monterey and ordered the commander to take possession of Yerba Buena (modern-day San Francisco), adding, "I am very anxious to know if Captain Frémont will cooperate with us."
53:
903:
The only shots fired were a 21-gun salute to the new U.S. flag fired by each of the U.S. Navy ships in the harbor. The
British ships observed but took no action. A messenger was sent to General Castro at San Juan Bautista requesting his surrender, which he refused.
1008:, with about 1,500 residents, the California army of about 100 men, which lacked money and popular support, broke up. Its leaders, Castro and Pico, departed that day for the Mexican department of Sonora. The Mexican government in California had ceased to exist.
872:
at 7:30 a.m., seeking the surrender of the port from the
Mexican commandant, Capt. Mariano Silva. Silva replied that he was "not authorized to surrender the place." In fact, Silva was in command of a nonexistent garrison, as it would have had no
1400:
899:
read Sloat's proclamation and posted it in both
English and Spanish, declaring that a state of war existed between the U.S. and Mexico and that "henceforth California would be a portion of the United States."
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to notify
Fremont of the capture of Monterey. Montgomery and 70 men landed shortly before 8:00 a.m. on 9 July to curious onlookers and read the pronouncement at the Customs House. He then replaced the
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1004:
The
Americans held northern California, but General Castro and Governor Pico planned resistance in the south. However, on 11 August, upon learning of the advance of the American army on
748:, which carried orders that if Sloat learned "beyond a doubt" that war between the U.S. and Mexico had begun, he was to seize San Francisco Bay and blockade the other California ports.
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989:. When Sloat learned that Frémont had acted on his own authority (thus raising doubt regarding a war declaration), he retired to his cabin. On 23 July, Frémont was appointed
317:
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that he was leaving for
California. After delaying his departure, Sloat received news on 7 June that an American squadron had blockaded Vera Cruz. Sloat sailed on the
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1001:. The California Battalion, which varied from 160 to 428 men, drew regular army wages and were used to garrison and maintain order in the towns that had surrendered.
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782:, which had sailed on 19 June and was already there. There were U.S. fears that the British might try to annex California to satisfy British creditors. The British
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718:. The central government in Mexico City cancelled an attempt to reassert authority and grudgingly recognized the regime of the succeeding Californio governor,
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954:. Montgomery then sent Purser James H. Watmough to notify Fremont of the occupation of Yerba Buena and Sloat's request for a meeting.
751:
On 17 May 1846, Commodore Sloat received word of the first open hostilities on the Rio Grande. On 26 May, Sloat received word of the
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1280:"Bounty Land Application File of Lieutenant Colonel John C. Fremont, Colonel Percifer Smith's Regiment of U.S. Mounted Rifles"
1134:
1092:
498:
1307:
Passion and
Principle, John and Jessie Fremont, The Couple whose Power, Politics, and Love Shaped Nineteenth-Century America
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1254:"Compiled Military Service Record of Lieutenant Colonel John Charles Fremont, California Battalion Regiment"
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The main forces available to the United States in
California were the about 400–500 bluejacket sailors and
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On 19 July, Frémont's party entered
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At 10 a.m., 225 sailors and marines from Sloat's three warships landed and formed before the
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arrived at Yerba Buena on 11 July, but neither ship interfered in the
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received Sloat's message to seize Yerba Buena on 8 July and sent Lt. Joseph W. Revere to
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Sloat still recognized Mexican real estate titles and church lands. He also established
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The U.S. fleet at anchor in Monterey a year after its capture in June 1847.
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on 15 July and took over command from the 65-year-old Sloat. The British
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California Conquered: The Annexation of a Mexican Province 1846–1850
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forces had ousted the Mexican-appointed non-Californio governor,
786:'s ships off California were stronger in number, guns and men.
306:
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had quartered his cavalry forces inland at San Juan Bautista.
855:, captured Monterey and raised the flag of the United States.
57:
Officers of Commodore Sloat raise the U.S. flag over Monterey
1401:
United States Marine Corps in the 18th and 19th centuries
722:, who remained nominally in charge in Alta California.
1215:
The Naval Institute Historical Atlas of the U. S. Navy
1126:Bear Flag Rising: The Conquest of California, 1846
851:of the United States Navy, commanded by Commodore
1188:; Nemos, William; Victor, Frances Fuller (1886).
799:in San Francisco Bay reporting the events of the
1232:. University of California Press. p. 124.
819:The U.S. Capture of Monterey by Commodore Sloat
803:in Sonoma and its open support by Brevet Capt.
789:On 5 July, Sloat received a message from Capt.
33:
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1178:
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1150:
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737:, commander of the Pacific Squadron, then at
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8:
1158:A history of California: the American period
1018:List of battles of the Mexican–American War
775:on 8 June, arriving at Monterey on 1 July.
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311:
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30:
1381:Naval battles of the Mexican–American War
1396:Battles and conflicts without fatalities
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759:, upon which he sent a coded message to
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16:For the 1842 incident at Monterey, see
1411:History of Monterey County, California
729:on board the five ships of the Navy's
686:, occurred on 7 July 1846, during the
1391:Battles of the Conquest of California
7:
1309:. New York: Bloomsbury. p. 38.
976:arrived in Monterey on 23 July, and
1286:from the original on August 2, 2019
1260:from the original on August 2, 2019
961:arrived at Monterey Bay aboard the
14:
1421:1846 in the Mexican-American War
117:
104:
51:
1155:Cleland, Robert Glass (1922).
733:. In November 1845, Commodore
714:, and most of his forces from
1:
694:captured the town unopposed.
1334:First-hand account of battle
757:Battle of Resaca de la Palma
1437:
1213:Symonds, Craig L. (2001).
1085:The Mexican War, 1846–1848
931:Captain Montgomery of the
823:Early on 7 July 1846, the
15:
702:In February 1845, at the
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217:
161:
148:
129:
97:
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50:
38:
1217:. Naval Institute Press.
1123:Walker, Dale L. (1999).
928:resigned their offices.
483:Northern Mexican Theater
1386:1846 in Alta California
1161:. The Macmillan Company
1129:. New York: Macmillan.
1087:. New York: Macmillan.
154:225 sailors and marines
1357:36.60639°N 121.89972°W
1305:Denton, Sally (2007).
917:
820:
778:They joined the sloop
593:Pacific Coast Campaign
209:Conquest of California
130:Commanders and leaders
41:Conquest of California
1282:. National Archives.
1256:. National Archives.
1228:Harlow, Neil (1982).
1191:History of California
1186:Bancroft, Hubert Howe
1006:Pueblo de Los Angeles
922:justices of the peace
915:
881:. Californio General
818:
761:Secretary of the Navy
704:Battle of Providencia
630:2nd San Jose del Cabo
625:1st San Jose del Cabo
504:Santa Cruz de Rosales
162:Casualties and losses
1406:Monterey, California
1362:36.60639; -121.89972
1083:Bauer, K.J. (1974).
1023:Mexican-American War
995:California Battalion
741:, was joined by the
688:Mexican–American War
684:Monterey, California
510:Mexico City Campaign
337:Mexican–American War
79:Monterey, California
45:Mexican–American War
20:. For the battle in
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753:Battle of Palo Alto
712:Manuel Micheltorena
426:New Mexico Campaign
378:California Campaign
26:Battle of Monterrey
18:Capture of Monterey
999:Bear Flag Republic
993:in command of the
959:Robert F. Stockton
918:
877:to use in its few
821:
791:John B. Montgomery
680:Battle of Monterey
371:Resaca de la Palma
292:Treaty of Cahuenga
34:Battle of Monterey
1316:978-1-59691-019-5
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1288:. Retrieved
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1196:. Retrieved
1194:. History Co
1190:
1163:. Retrieved
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635:Todos Santos
526:2nd Veracruz
516:1st Veracruz
384:
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98:Belligerents
69:July 7, 1846
1360: /
1348:121°53′59″W
973:Collingwood
883:José Castro
667:2nd Tabasco
662:1st Tabasco
586:Zacualtipan
556:Mexico City
551:Chapultepec
531:Cerro Gordo
494:Buena Vista
457:Embudo Pass
410:San Pasqual
390:Los Angeles
277:Santa Clara
272:San Pasqual
252:Los Angeles
237:Yerba Buena
1375:Categories
1345:36°36′23″N
1136:0312866852
1094:0803261071
1029:References
957:Commodore
934:Portsmouth
796:Portsmouth
708:Californio
657:3rd Tuxpan
652:2nd Tuxpan
647:1st Tuxpan
620:2nd La Paz
615:1st La Paz
541:Churubusco
442:El Brazito
361:Fort Texas
1290:August 2,
1264:August 2,
948:Bear Flag
924:when the
908:Aftermath
875:gunpowder
743:USS
576:Matamoros
566:Huamantla
536:Contreras
489:Monterrey
405:Natividad
366:Palo Alto
267:Natividad
242:San Diego
1284:Archived
1258:Archived
1012:See also
987:Savannah
964:Congress
926:alcaldes
870:Savannah
830:Savannah
772:Savannah
755:and the
720:Pio Pico
462:2nd Mora
452:1st Mora
432:Santa Fe
385:Monterey
232:Monterey
227:OlĂłmpali
149:Strength
74:Location
39:Part of
879:cannons
862:of the
825:frigate
793:of the
768:frigate
698:Prelude
600:Guaymas
571:Atlixco
420:La Mesa
287:La Mesa
157:unknown
1313:
1236:
1198:6 July
1165:6 July
1133:
1091:
939:Sonoma
894:Purser
858:Capt.
848:Levant
835:sloops
811:Battle
706:, the
690:. The
605:Mulegé
561:Puebla
521:Polkos
447:Cañada
437:Tucson
124:Mexico
109:
86:Result
24:, see
22:Mexico
991:major
865:Cyane
841:Cyane
780:Cyane
745:Cyane
682:, at
395:Chino
257:Chino
1311:ISBN
1292:2019
1266:2019
1234:ISBN
1200:2011
1167:2011
1131:ISBN
1089:ISBN
979:Juno
941:and
846:USS
844:and
839:USS
828:USS
678:The
170:None
167:None
66:Date
1377::
1175:^
1145:^
1103:^
1037:^
892:.
837:,
1319:.
1294:.
1268:.
1242:.
1202:.
1169:.
1139:.
1097:.
326:e
319:t
312:v
199:e
192:t
185:v
28:.
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