1046:, the incensed Arabs of this area also sought revenge for the killing of their great chief, Aqqa ibn Qays ibn Bashir. They were anxious, too, to regain the lands which they had lost to the Muslims, and to free the comrades who had been captured by the invaders. A large number of clans began to prepare for war. Bahman divided the Persian forces into two field armies and sent them off from Ctesiphon. One, under Ruzbeh, moved to Husaid, and the other, under Zarmahr, moved to Khanafis. For the moment these two armies were located in separate areas for ease of movement and administration, but they were not to proceed beyond these locations until the Christian Arabs were ready for battle. Bahman planned to concentrate the entire imperial army to either await a Muslim attack or march south to fight the Muslims at
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planned, and the three corps concentrated at the appointed place. He laid down the time of the attack and the three separate directions from which the three corps would fall upon the unsuspecting enemy. The imperial army knew of the attack only when three roaring masses of Muslim warriors hurled themselves at the camp. In the confusion of the night the imperial army never found its feet. Terror became the mood of the camp as soldiers fleeing from one Muslim corps ran into another. Thousands were slaughtered. The
Muslims tried to finish this army, but large numbers of Persians and Arabs nevertheless managed to get away, helped by the very darkness that had cloaked the surprise attack.
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to
Khanafis was longer than to Husaid, and Abu Laila failed to move his forces with sufficient speed to make up for this difference. Meanwhile, Khalid remained with his reserve corps at Ayn al-Tamr to guard against any offensive movement from Saniyy and Zumail towards Hira. Qaqa defeated the Persian army at Husaid, and the remaining army retreated to Khanafis. Thus the commander of the army at Khanafis heard about the Muslim's victory at Husaid; he withdraw his forces to Muzayyah and joined the Christian Arabs.
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selected
Muzayyah; the others were smaller objectives which could be dealt with later without difficulty. By now the exact location of the imperial camp at Muzayyah had been established by Khalid's agents. To deal with this objective he designed a manoeuvre which, seldom practised in history, is one
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and form one large, powerful army. This was the situation that greeted Khalid on his arrival at Hira from Dumat Al-Jandal in the fourth week of
September 633. The situation could assume dangerous proportions, but only if the four imperial forces succeeded in uniting and took offensive action against
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Khalid ibn al-Walid issued orders for the move. The three corps would march from their respective locations at Husaid, Khanafis and Ain-ut-Tamr along separate routes he had specified and meet on a given night and at a given hour at a place a few miles short of
Muzayyah. This move was carried out as
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to Husaid and Abu Laila to
Khanafis with orders to destroy the Persian armies at those places. It was Khalid's intention to fight both Persian armies speedily as well as simultaneously, so that neither could get away while the other was being slashed to pieces. But this was not to be; for the march
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A few days later the entire Muslim army was concentrated at Ayn al-Tamr, except for a small garrison left under Iyad ibn Ghanm to look after Hira. The army was now organised in three corps of about 5,000 men each, one of which was kept in reserve. Khalid sent
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who remained loyal to the Empire. He therefore initiated parleys with the Arabs. The
Christian Arabs responded willingly and eagerly to the overtures of the Persian court. Apart from the defeat at the
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Khalid decided to fight and destroy each imperial force separately. With this strategy in mind, he divided the Muslim garrison of Hira into two corps, one of which he placed under
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and the other under Abu Laila. Khalid sent them both to Ayn al-Tamr, where he would join them a little later, after the troops who had fought at Dumat Al-Jandal had been rested.
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back into the desert and regain the territories and the prestige which the
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had organised a new army, made up partly of the survivors of the
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The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, His Life and Campaigns
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The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, His Life and Campaigns
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The remaining objectives were Muzayyah, Saniyy and Zumail.
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1158:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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1189:Learn how and when to remove this message
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1251:Battles involving the Rashidun Caliphate
1256:Battles involving the Sasanian Empire
7:
44:adding citations to reliable sources
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14:
936:Campaigns in Armenia and Anatolia
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31:needs additional citations for
1261:Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
1:
1079:Al-Qa'qa'a ibn Amr at-Tamimi
1071:Al-Qa'qa'a ibn Amr at-Tamimi
1246:Battles of Khalid ibn Walid
816:Conquest of Byzantine Syria
746:Conquest of Sasanian Persia
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131:Islamic conquest of Persia
991:left from Ayn al-Tamr to
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1144:This article includes a
637:Campaigns under Muhammad
1173:more precise citations.
213:Commanders and leaders
1044:Battle of Ayn al-Tamr
654:Demolition of al-Uzza
253:Casualties and losses
55:"Battle of Muzayyah"
40:improve this article
1092:Khalid ibn al-Walid
1086:Manoeuvre of Khalid
1013:Khalid ibn al-Walid
924:Conquest of Bahnasa
916:Campaigns in Africa
625:Khalid ibn al-Walid
219:Khalid ibn al-Walid
137:Khalid ibn al-Walid
1146:list of references
976:) was between the
966:Battle of Muzayyah
694:2nd Dumatul Jandal
197:Rashidun Caliphate
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57: –
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51:Find sources:
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29:This article
27:
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1229:Lahore, 1969
1226:
1225:A.I. Akram,
1203:
1202:A.I. Akram,
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1176:
1165:Please help
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974:معركة المصيخ
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839:Al-Uqab Pass
834:al-Qaryatayn
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191:Belligerents
159:November 633
102:
96:October 2021
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38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1171:introducing
944:Iron Bridge
879:Marj ar-Rum
784:Ayn al-Tamr
644:Hudaybiyyah
442:Gundishapur
413:2nd Babylon
378:1st Babylon
348:Ayn al-Tamr
312:Mesopotamia
1240:Categories
1127:References
1019:Background
954:Germanicia
829:Marj Rahit
706:Ridda Wars
539:Oxus River
486:Azerbaijan
66:newspapers
1111:Aftermath
1097:at night.
1037:Christian
1033:Euphrates
929:Cyrenaica
899:2nd Emesa
894:Jerusalem
619:Campaigns
430:Khuzestan
418:Ctesiphon
301:of Persia
1119:and the
1063:Persians
1023:By now,
1009:Persians
864:Damascus
849:Ajnadayn
794:Muzayyah
779:Al-Anbar
576:Sakastan
544:Nishapur
532:Khorasan
520:Bishapur
480:Caucasus
469:Waj Rudh
459:Nahavand
437:Shushtar
358:Muzayyah
343:Al-Anbar
240:Strength
229:Mahbuzan
164:Location
129:Part of
1167:improve
1001:Muslims
987:. When
949:Armenia
889:Yarmouk
714:Buzakha
554:Badghis
525:Estakhr
506:Derbent
496:Albania
491:Armenia
447:Bayrudh
383:Namaraq
261:10,000+
258:minimal
182:victory
80:scholar
1210:
1102:Attack
1066:Hira.
1025:Bahman
978:Muslim
970:Arabic
909:Aleppo
854:Yaqusa
804:Zumail
799:Saniyy
789:Husayd
769:Ullais
764:Walaja
754:Chains
724:Yamama
719:Ghamra
699:Najran
669:Hunayn
649:Mu'tah
571:Kerman
501:Iberia
464:Spahan
423:Jalula
398:Buwaib
393:Bridge
388:Kaskar
368:Zumail
363:Saniyy
353:Husayd
333:Ullais
328:Walaja
318:Chains
245:15,000
180:Muslim
176:Result
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1152:, or
1040:Arabs
904:Hazir
884:Emesa
844:Bosra
824:Firaz
809:Firaz
759:River
739:Naqra
729:Zafar
684:Tabuk
674:Mecca
664:Ta'if
549:Herat
373:Firaz
323:River
87:JSTOR
73:books
1208:ISBN
1048:Hira
981:Arab
874:Fahl
774:Hira
513:Pars
408:Burs
338:Hira
169:Iraq
156:Date
59:news
1266:633
621:of
474:Ray
133:and
42:by
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84:·
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36:.
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