247:
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877:"The Austrian imperial standard has, on a yellow ground, the black double-headed eagle, on the breast and wings of which are imposed shields bearing the arms of the provinces of the empire . The flag is bordered all round, the border being composed of equal-sided triangles with their apices alternately inwards and outwards, those with their apices pointing inwards being alternately yellow and white, the others alternately scarlet and black" (
25:
1019:
999:
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141:
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Meanwhile, François de Ségur had hastily improvised a defensive position around a hill west of the city. But, when more and more
Austrian troops, including the main force under Batthyány, reached the battlefield, de Ségur was forced twice to withdraw his army, to avoid encirclement. When the sign for
919:"The oriflamme and the Chape de St Martin were succeeded at the end of the 16th century, when Henry III., the last of the house of Valois, came to the throne, by the white standard powdered with fleurs-de-lis. This in turn gave place to the famous tricolour"(
908:
On the reverse of this plate it says: "Le pavillon royal était véritablement le drapeau national au dix-huitième siecle...Vue du chateau d'arrière d'un vaisseau de guerre de haut rang portant le pavillon royal (blanc, avec les armes de France)"
813:
the next day at 11:00 at set up camp. But the next morning the
Austrian army appeared and the allies fled over the Lech River, leaving all its material behind. Only the burning down of the bridge prevented a total disaster for the allies.
768:
was not informed of this manoeuver and waited unaware and unprotected near
Pfaffenhofen on Palatinate reinforcements under General Zastrow, which arrived on 14 April. The next day Segur decided to also pull back behind the
318:
787:
a general withdrawal was given, panic broke out amongst the
Palatinate troops and they fled. de Ségur had the greatest difficulty in preventing the panic spreading amongst his French troops.
311:
1095:
304:
779:
First the
Austrians attacked the town of Pfaffenhofen and were met by French fire. But the Austrians took the town in house-to-house combat in which the fierce Croatian
749:
This hampered the ongoing peace negotiations, so Maria
Theresia ordered the Austrian Army to start a new offensive to put pressure on the Bavarian negotiators.
963:
851:
The Battle of
Pfaffenhofen eliminated Bavaria-Bohemia as one of the four theaters of War the Austrians had to fight on, releasing troops for the war in
884:"The imperial banner was a golden yellow cloth...bearing a black eagle...The double-headed eagle was finally established by Sigismund as regent..." (
830:
727:
844:. He also abandoned his father's claims on Bohemia and the imperial crown and promised to support the imperial candidacy of Maria Theresa's husband,
42:
1105:
712:
In
October 1744, the Franco-Bavarian army had succeeded, in coordination with Prussia, to expel the Austrians from Bavaria, and to reinstate
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de Ségur had lost many troops and material, but his maintenance of discipline had prevented the total destruction of his army.
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447:
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132:
46:
771:
The
Austrians, aware of the isolated French position, had by then reached Pfaffenhofen with a force larger than the French.
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were taken and the
Bavarian army under Törring and its French, Hessian and Palatinate allies were pushed on the defensive.
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746:, led by Foreign Minister General Ignaz von Törring and the French envoy Chavigny.
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24:
980:
901:"...the standard of France was white, sprinkled with golden fleur de lis..." (
761:
967:. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 454–463.
806:
696:
was fought on 15 April 1745 between France and Austria. The Austrians under
809:
at 18:00, the Austrians gave up their pursuit. The defeated army reached
760:
Törring decided to pull back his Bavarian and Hessian troops behind the
852:
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750:
721:
1020:"The Vinkhuijzen collection of military uniforms: France, 1750-1757"
802:
300:
18:
848:, who in fact became the next Emperor on 13 September 1745.
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825:
The day after the defeat, Törring was dismissed and the
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Only after the French and Palatinates had crossed the
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inflicted heavy casualties on the French defenders.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1039:
720:of Bavaria and Holy Roman Emperor, in his capital
798:light cavalry, which inflicted many casualties.
1004:Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879).
125:
1096:Battles of the War of the Austrian Succession
312:
8:
977:The Art of Warfare in the Age of Marlborough
1042:Flags through the ages and across the world
902:
319:
305:
297:
122:
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
935:
920:
878:
790:The retreating army was harassed by the
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16:Battle of the Austrian succession, 1745
700:defeated the outnumbered French under
885:
7:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
740:Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff
14:
1026:. 25 March 2011 . Archived from
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736:Maria Amalia, Holy Roman Empress
257:
245:
224:
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145:The retreat of the French troops
139:
23:
34:needs additional citations for
724:. Here he died 3 months later.
330:War of the Austrian Succession
133:War of the Austrian Succession
1:
1106:1745 in the Holy Roman Empire
726:His 18-year-old son and heir
704:, ending the war in Bavaria.
764:. The French Army commander
1101:Military history of Bavaria
1014:. Vol. 8. p. 250.
846:Francis Stephen of Lorraine
829:prevailed. One week later,
1132:
934:All statistics taken from
840:Maximilian recognized the
1091:Battles involving Austria
1086:Battles involving Bavaria
338:
282:
269:
238:
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149:
138:
130:
1111:1745 in military history
1081:Battles involving France
58:"Battle of Pfaffenhofen"
1024:New York Public Library
1011:The American Cyclopædia
964:Encyclopædia Britannica
766:Henri François de Ségur
676:Jacobite rising of 1745
167:Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm
912:Vinkhuijzen collection
903:Ripley & Dana 1879
694:Battle of Pfaffenhofen
342:Flanders and the Rhine
239:Commanders and leaders
126:Battle of Pfaffenhofen
831:Maximilian III Joseph
728:Maximilian III Joseph
283:Casualties and losses
857:Austrian Netherlands
734:, led by his mother
730:wavered between the
698:Karl Josef Batthyány
252:Karl Josef Batthyány
43:improve this article
888:, pp. 114–119)
738:and Army Commander
656:Second Silesian War
646:War of Jenkins' Ear
464:Bohemia and Moravia
842:Pragmatic Sanction
681:First Carnatic War
651:First Silesian War
1116:Conflicts in 1745
689:
688:
671:King George's War
661:Italian campaigns
295:
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234:and German allies
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1030:on 6 April 2015.
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811:Rain on the Lech
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953:Chisholm, Hugh
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837:with Austria.
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157:15 April 1745
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60: –
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54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1068:
1041:
1028:the original
1009:
976:
962:
958:"Flag"
930:
911:
895:
871:
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826:
824:
821:Consequences
816:
800:
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785:
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693:
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604:Pfaffenhofen
603:
191:Belligerents
131:Part of the
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1050:. pp.
1048:McGraw-Hill
1046:. England:
827:Peace-party
732:Peace-party
714:Charles VII
666:Sea battles
638:Kesselsdorf
567:Hennersdorf
532:Groß-Glogau
368:Wissembourg
363:Lauterbourg
1075:Categories
981:Spellmount
946:References
886:Smith 1975
762:Lech River
616:St. Pölten
594:Ingolstadt
584:Deggendorf
505:3rd Prague
495:2nd Prague
470:1st Prague
458:Maastricht
69:newspapers
807:Hohenwart
805:river at
755:Vilshofen
744:War-party
621:Schärding
599:Vilshofen
589:Straubing
485:Chotusitz
403:Oudenarde
348:Dettingen
173:, Germany
1038:(1975).
975:(1990).
742:and the
537:Mollwitz
500:2nd Eger
480:1st Eger
438:Lauffeld
413:Brussels
383:Fontenoy
378:Breisgau
270:Strength
162:Location
1052:114–119
853:Silesia
781:Pandurs
708:Prelude
610:Austria
579:Simbach
573:Bavaria
526:Silesia
510:Budweis
418:Antwerp
408:Ostende
388:Tournai
231:Bavaria
205:Austria
83:scholar
1058:
1006:"Flag"
1002:
987:
796:Hussar
792:Pandur
775:Battle
751:Amberg
722:Munich
632:Saxony
547:Neisse
475:Olmütz
433:Rocoux
373:Furnes
275:10,000
219:France
216:
202:
179:Result
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
863:Notes
769:Lech.
562:Kosel
552:Glatz
542:Brieg
515:Tabor
490:Sahay
443:Hulst
428:Namur
398:Ghent
393:Melle
358:Ypres
353:Menin
291:2,400
278:7,000
90:JSTOR
76:books
1056:ISBN
985:ISBN
914:2011
803:Paar
794:and
753:and
692:The
626:Linz
520:Soor
423:Mons
154:Date
62:news
288:800
45:by
1077::
1054:.
1022:.
1008:.
983:.
979:.
961:.
916:).
859:.
716:,
1064:.
993:.
909:(
320:e
313:t
306:v
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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