36:
127:
100:
825:
137:
110:
981:). Two Roman quaestors, Gaius Fulvius Flaccus and Lucius Lucretius, were delivered to the Carthaginian by this population, together with two tribunes and five sons of senators, almost all of them of the equestrian order. All this to demonstrate their good faith and desire to obtain Hannibal's alliance.
814:
The Battle of
Trebbia had ended with a clear success for Hannibal. The Carthaginian forces were now positioned in the western Po Valley. There were few casualties among the Iberians and Libyans, many more among the Celts. Livy adds that the rain mixed with snow and the frost caused many victims among
802:
by
Hannibal's knights and elephants, while he lingered to recross the course of the freezing river. The cavalry and part of the Roman infantry had managed to return to the camp and, having seen that the Carthaginian forces were unable to cross the river due to tiredness, stiffened by the cold, as
930:
The consul
Sempronius did not shy away from the fight. The two armies thus found themselves deployed at a distance of 3,000 (4.5 km) steps from each other. At the first clash the Romans not only did they defeat the enemy who retreated, but they pursued him to the camps, which they attacked.
819:
This defeat generated such fear in Rome that it was believed that
Hannibal would arrive in the city with his banners displayed hostilely. And there would have been no hope of help that the Romans could count on to keep the violence of the Carthaginian away from the gates and
879:) there was a fortified Roman depot. Hannibal headed against it to conquer it, with knights and infantry equipped with light weapons. And although he attempted the feat with a night assault, he failed to deceive the sentries. The battle that broke out was felt as far as
938:), the Romans, now tired from the assault, gave the signal to retreat, seeing that there was little hope of taking over the enemy camp. Hannibal then quickly had the cavalry exit from the two side gates, while he himself led the heavy infantry from the central gate.
894:
The subsequent battle was of an equestrian nature and saw
Hannibal leave the battle wounded in combat, "a circumstance which generated dismay in the minds of the Carthaginians". Following this clash, the deposit was further fortified and defended.
906:
saw as many as 30,000 men inexperienced in military art, allies of the Romans, defeated by a few armed
Carthaginians, but well trained. The city fell into Carthaginian hands shortly afterwards and was sacked barbarically.
942:
Rarely would a battle have been more violent or notorious for the disaster that both sides might have suffered, had the day been long enough to fight. The night put an end to the fight which had broken out with great
947:
The outcome of the battle was a perfect draw. The fallen on both sides were no more than 600 infantry and 300 cavalry. However, some personalities also perished among the Romans of the
201:
915:
Hannibal, after having unsuccessfully attempted the passage of the
Apennines in the early spring of 217 BC, returned near Piacenza and, after having advanced for approximately 10
931:
Hannibal then, leaving few defenders in the trenches and at the gates, he gathered the others at the central point, ready at his command to make a sortie outside the camp.
666:
856:
was peaceful for the Romans, as the
Numidian cavalry continued to carry out raids everywhere, and when the places were unsuitable for these raids, the troops of the
770:
had just ended with a clear victory for the
Carthaginian cavalry and the wounding of the consul Tiberus in the first, as well as a clear defeat of the army of
924:
771:
729:
194:
130:
1425:
1404:
1385:
1366:
1347:
1326:
187:
659:
923:) beyond the city, he set up his camp here. The following day he led part of his army against the Romans who were camped with the consul
591:
240:
652:
287:
969:
According to what Livy narrates, after the second battle, Hannibal retreated to the
Ligurian country, while Sempronius to
377:
347:
803:
well as by the disorder, to return to Piacenza led by Publius Cornelius. Finally, part of the Romans moved to the nearby
442:
417:
397:
372:
322:
902:
to conquer it. A Roman deposit had been located here since the time of the Gallic war of the years 225-222 BC. The
623:
519:
407:
601:
559:
576:
554:
357:
317:
898:
And when Hannibal recovered from his wound, after a few days, he continued his journey towards the location of
618:
596:
277:
262:
235:
783:, where the Romans kept large reserves of food, especially wheat, had also fallen into the hands of Hannibal.
509:
447:
337:
864:. In fact, it was difficult to obtain supplies for the Roman troops except through transport along the river
382:
613:
402:
352:
342:
312:
292:
282:
524:
467:
307:
504:
586:
581:
412:
392:
457:
437:
432:
362:
514:
332:
35:
903:
529:
494:
327:
272:
257:
957:
795:
Dasio, the transfer of the town for the sum, not even exceptional, of four hundred golden nummies.
571:
462:
477:
427:
422:
297:
798:
Of the remnants of the Roman army after the battle of Trebbia, a part was exterminated near the
126:
99:
1435:
1400:
1381:
1362:
1343:
1322:
841:
837:
767:
763:
745:
741:
549:
534:
472:
452:
252:
230:
927:
near the city, triggering a new battle. They consisted of 12,000 infantry and 5,000 cavalry.
952:
948:
757:
722:
698:
302:
211:
113:
27:
1430:
703:
688:
628:
544:
539:
499:
489:
387:
824:
1337:
829:
633:
103:
41:
725:, represented a double clash of secondary importance, engaged between the army of the
1419:
884:
693:
367:
815:
the Carthaginians, with almost all the elephants paying the price. The truth is that
857:
804:
726:
974:
861:
788:
136:
109:
1397:
Storia del mondo romano. Dalla fondazione di Roma alla distruzione di Cartagine
916:
865:
784:
676:
978:
920:
811:, so as not to burden the resources of a single colony with the whole army.
779:
872:
792:
737:
733:
140:
69:
832:, theater of operations in the autumn of 218 BC: from the revolt of the
774:
in the second, where the Roman army was largely destroyed on the field.
853:
808:
799:
179:
970:
73:
833:
648:
183:
644:
836:
with the Siege of Mutina, to Hannibal's victories at the
887:, commanding the legions to follow him in square order (
721:which took place in January of 217 BC during the
1339:Scipione e Annibale, la guerra per salvare Roma
791:attributes to the prefect of the garrison, the
20:
660:
195:
8:
883:, so much so that the consul prepared the
667:
653:
645:
202:
188:
180:
17:
1359:Canne. La sconfitta che fece vincere Roma
1319:Storia di Roma. 1. Dalle origini ad Azio
823:
990:
740:, after the latter's victories at the
1069:Mommsen 2001 vol. I, volume 2, p. 732
934:When three in the afternoon arrived (
7:
44:, where the clashes took place near
14:
135:
125:
108:
98:
34:
1426:Battles of the Second Punic War
1:
852:Not even their stay in the
1452:
1395:Howard H.Scullard (1992).
925:Tiberius Sempronius Longus
755:
730:Tiberius Sempronius Longus
1078:Polybius III, 65-66, 7-9.
684:
288:Crossing of the Apennines
221:
161:
146:
119:
92:
52:
33:
25:
1376:Theodor Mommsen (2001).
1357:Giovanni Brizzi (2016).
1336:Giovanni Brizzi (2007).
1317:Giovanni Brizzi (1997).
860:also intervened and the
772:Tiberius Sempronio Longo
1141:Polybius III, 74, 9-11.
787:, the historian of the
777:The fortress-pantry of
152:Unknown, a few thousand
1361:. Bologna: Il Mulino.
1342:. Bari-Roma: Laterza.
973:(probably through the
945:
844:
822:
120:Commanders and leaders
1378:Storia di Roma antica
1123:Polybius III, 74, 7-8
1087:Polybius III, 69, 1-4
940:
827:
817:
162:Casualties and losses
241:Crossing of the Alps
1380:. Milano: Sansoni.
1321:. Bologna: Patron.
1213:Livy XXI, 57.13-14.
1204:Livy XXI, 57.11-12.
1060:Polybius III, 71-74
904:clash that followed
719:Battle of Placentia
566:Sicily and Sardinia
21:Battle of Placentia
1294:Brizzi 2016 p. 97.
1195:Livy XXI, 57.9-10.
958:praefecti sociorum
845:
1406:978-88-17-11903-0
1387:978-88-383-1882-5
1368:978-88-15-26416-9
1349:978-88-420-8332-0
1328:978-88-555-2419-3
1258:Livy XXI, 59.5-6.
1177:Livy XXI, 57.6-7.
1132:Livy XXI, 56.7-9.
1042:Polybius III, 65.
953:military tribunes
951:, including five
768:Battle of Trebbia
764:Battle of Ticinus
748:(end of 218 BC).
712:
711:
642:
641:
318:Nuceria Alfaterna
178:
177:
88:
87:
1443:
1410:
1391:
1372:
1353:
1332:
1304:
1303:Livy XXI, 59.10.
1301:
1295:
1292:
1286:
1283:
1277:
1276:Livio XXI, 59.8.
1274:
1268:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1223:
1222:Livio XXI, 59.1.
1220:
1214:
1211:
1205:
1202:
1196:
1193:
1187:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1124:
1121:
1115:
1114:Livio XXI, 56.5.
1112:
1106:
1105:Livio XXI, 56.4.
1103:
1097:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1043:
1040:
1034:
1033:Eutropius III, 9
1031:
1025:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1007:
1004:
998:
995:
949:equestrian order
758:Second Punic War
723:Second Punic War
679:
669:
662:
655:
646:
560:2nd New Carthage
525:1st New Carthage
216:
214:
213:Second Punic War
204:
197:
190:
181:
139:
129:
112:
102:
54:
53:
38:
28:Second Punic War
18:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1416:
1415:
1407:
1399:. Milano: BUR.
1394:
1388:
1375:
1369:
1356:
1350:
1335:
1329:
1316:
1313:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1285:Livy XXI, 59.9.
1284:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1249:Livy XXI, 59.4.
1248:
1244:
1240:Livy XXI, 59.3.
1239:
1235:
1231:Livy XXI, 59.2.
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1186:Livy XXI, 57.8.
1185:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1168:Livy XXI, 57.5.
1167:
1163:
1159:Livy XXI, 57.1.
1158:
1154:
1150:Livy XXI, 56.6.
1149:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1096:Livy XXI, 48.9.
1095:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1051:Livy XXI, 54-56
1050:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1024:Livy XXI, 45-46
1023:
1019:
1015:Livio XXI, 59.8
1014:
1010:
1006:Livio XXI, 59.8
1005:
1001:
997:Livio XXI 59,1.
996:
992:
987:
967:
913:
889:quadrato agmine
854:winter quarters
850:
760:
754:
715:
714:
713:
708:
680:
675:
673:
643:
638:
217:
212:
210:
208:
173:
168:
156:
155:12,000 infantry
76:
40:Territories of
39:
12:
11:
5:
1449:
1447:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1405:
1392:
1386:
1373:
1367:
1354:
1348:
1333:
1327:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1296:
1287:
1278:
1269:
1267:Livy XXI, 59.7
1260:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1215:
1206:
1197:
1188:
1179:
1170:
1161:
1152:
1143:
1134:
1125:
1116:
1107:
1098:
1089:
1080:
1071:
1062:
1053:
1044:
1035:
1026:
1017:
1008:
999:
989:
988:
986:
983:
966:
963:
936:nona hora diei
912:
909:
849:
846:
830:Cisalpine Gaul
753:
750:
710:
709:
707:
706:
701:
696:
691:
685:
682:
681:
674:
672:
671:
664:
657:
649:
640:
639:
637:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
610:
609:
605:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
568:
567:
563:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
486:
485:
481:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
378:2nd Beneventum
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
348:1st Beneventum
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
278:Lake Trasimene
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
249:
248:
244:
243:
238:
233:
227:
226:
222:
219:
218:
209:
207:
206:
199:
192:
184:
176:
175:
170:
164:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
144:
143:
133:
122:
121:
117:
116:
106:
104:Roman Republic
95:
94:
90:
89:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
68:
66:
62:
61:
58:
50:
49:
42:Cisalpine Gaul
31:
30:
23:
22:
16:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1448:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1414:
1408:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1341:
1340:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1297:
1291:
1288:
1282:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1174:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1129:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1084:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1021:
1018:
1012:
1009:
1003:
1000:
994:
991:
984:
982:
980:
976:
972:
964:
962:
960:
959:
954:
950:
944:
939:
937:
932:
928:
926:
922:
918:
911:Second battle
910:
908:
905:
901:
896:
892:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
869:
867:
863:
859:
855:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
826:
821:
816:
812:
810:
806:
801:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
781:
775:
773:
769:
765:
759:
751:
749:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
728:
724:
720:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
686:
683:
678:
670:
665:
663:
658:
656:
651:
650:
647:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
611:
607:
606:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
569:
565:
564:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
487:
483:
482:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
383:Campi Veteres
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
358:2nd Casilinum
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
323:1st Casilinum
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
293:Ager Falernus
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
250:
246:
245:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
228:
224:
223:
220:
215:
205:
200:
198:
193:
191:
186:
185:
182:
171:
166:
165:
160:
157:5,000 cavalry
154:
151:
150:
145:
142:
138:
134:
132:
128:
124:
123:
118:
115:
111:
107:
105:
101:
97:
96:
91:
83:
80:
79:
75:
71:
67:
64:
63:
59:
56:
55:
51:
47:
43:
37:
32:
29:
24:
19:
1413:
1396:
1377:
1358:
1338:
1318:
1299:
1290:
1281:
1272:
1263:
1254:
1245:
1236:
1227:
1218:
1209:
1200:
1191:
1182:
1173:
1164:
1155:
1146:
1137:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1047:
1038:
1029:
1020:
1011:
1002:
993:
968:
965:Consequences
956:
946:
941:
935:
933:
929:
914:
899:
897:
893:
888:
880:
876:
870:
858:Celtiberians
851:
848:First battle
818:
813:
805:Roman colony
800:river itself
797:
778:
776:
761:
718:
716:
624:Great Plains
608:North Africa
520:Upper Baetis
443:2nd Tarentum
418:2nd Herdonia
398:1st Herdonia
373:1st Tarentum
308:Silva Litana
283:Umbrian Lake
267:
172:600 infantry
167:600 infantry
93:Belligerents
84:Inconclusive
45:
26:Part of the
975:Val di Taro
862:Lusitanians
840:and at the
789:1st century
744:and at the
582:Decimomannu
555:2nd Carteia
550:1st Carteia
453:2nd Petelia
413:Sapriportis
333:1st Petelia
174:300 cavalry
169:300 cavalry
1420:Categories
985:References
955:and three
900:Victumulae
793:brindisino
785:Titus Livy
780:Clastidium
756:See also:
752:Background
734:Carthagese
677:Punic Wars
602:Agrigentum
505:Illiturgis
495:Ebro River
273:Victumulae
48:(top left)
979:Cisa pass
881:Placentia
877:Placentia
694:Mercenary
619:2nd Utica
614:1st Utica
572:Lilybaeum
463:Grumentum
403:2nd Capua
388:1st Capua
268:Placentia
46:Placentia
1436:Piacenza
977:and the
873:Piacenza
766:and the
738:Hannibal
736:army of
732:and the
592:Syracuse
587:Leontini
478:Insubria
468:Metaurus
438:Caulonia
433:Manduria
428:Canusium
423:Numistro
353:3rd Nola
343:2nd Nola
313:1st Nola
298:Geronium
231:Saguntum
147:Strength
141:Hannibal
131:Tiberius
114:Carthage
70:Piacenza
65:Location
1311:Sources
885:cavalry
842:Trebbia
838:Ticinus
809:Cremona
746:Trebbia
742:Ticinus
535:Baecula
473:Crotona
458:Venusia
393:Silarus
363:Lucania
253:Ticinus
225:Prelude
1431:217 BC
1403:
1384:
1365:
1346:
1325:
820:walls.
727:consul
699:Second
597:Himera
515:Orongi
484:Iberia
303:Cannae
263:Mutina
258:Trebia
81:Result
60:217 BC
971:Lucca
943:fury.
917:miles
871:Near
704:Third
689:First
629:Cirta
577:Malta
545:Sucro
540:Ilipa
530:Baria
510:Munda
500:Ibera
490:Cissa
448:Locri
338:Cumae
328:Hamae
247:Italy
236:Rhone
74:Italy
1401:ISBN
1382:ISBN
1363:ISBN
1344:ISBN
1323:ISBN
919:(15
834:Boii
828:The
762:The
717:The
634:Zama
408:Rome
368:Arpi
57:Date
891:).
807:of
1422::
961:.
921:km
868:.
866:Po
72:,
1409:.
1390:.
1371:.
1352:.
1331:.
875:(
668:e
661:t
654:v
203:e
196:t
189:v
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