1406:
122:
109:
839:, ordered Amedeo to abandon further operations in the Adriatic, as he believed further provocations might lead to an Austro-Hungarian occupation of Durazzo. Additionally, the Italian government decided that halting action in the region was necessary to avoid widening the war beyond the periphery of the Ottoman Empire, despite pressure from several of the Balkan states who wished to enter the war against the Ottomans. The Italian government feared this could create a general European crisis between the
402:
791:
580:
413:
738:
entered Gomenítza; the first two vessels opened fire on the anchored
Ottoman torpedo boats. The Ottomans were unable to return fire before they were sunk. Ottoman troops in the coastal fortification protecting the port were completely surprised by the attack and offered no help, though the Italians
824:
to object to the operations in the
Adriatic. Aehrenthal characterized them as a "flagrant breach of promises to localize the war in the Mediterranean", and threatened "serious consequences" for failing to adhere to their assurances to avoid conflict in the Balkans. Aehrenthal believed that Italy
389:. A further incident on 5 October that involved an Austro-Hungarian vessel resulted in stronger Austro-Hungarian protests and a formal apology from Italy. The dispute was one of many that Italy later cited when it decided to declare war on Austria-Hungary in 1915 during
992:
Beehler also states that the incident took place at
Prevesa, not Gomenítza, which is contradicted both by Stephenson and the historians Bernd Langensiepen and Ahmet Güleryüz, who agree that it took place at the latter. That Beehler makes no mention of
39:
492:(Captain) Tevfik. At Preveza, the Ottomans relied upon a series of obsolete fortifications for local defense, including some that had been erected in the 1400s. The defensive works were armed with a total of five 150 mm (5.9 in)
888:
expended most of her ammunition, and the
Ottoman gunners had inflicted slight damage. Shell splinters also wounded Biscaretti. The incident prompted further protests from Austria-Hungary and Italy formally apologized on 7 October. The
672:
s withdrawal, firing some 76 shells, though without scoring a hit on the
Italian vessels. In the course of the action, the Italians had fired some one hundred 75 mm shells, but inflicted only light damage on
920:
The
Ottomans, for their part, were unconvinced by Italian assurances the war would be localized to East and North Africa, and set about reinforcing the defenses of its European and Anatolian cities, particularly
514:
2181:
1394:
546:, which the Ottoman government rejected the following day. The imminent state of war prompted the Ottoman naval command to order the torpedo boats in Albania to seek refuge in neutral
212:
909:
to place additional pressure on Italy. Austro-Hungarian interference chafed many in the
Italian government and military, and it was included in the list of justifications for
592:
Italy formally declared war at 15:00 on the afternoon of 29 September, and Amedeo immediately sent the five destroyers to sweep the
Albanian coast; the force consisted of
702:. By that time, however, foreign protests against Italy's actions in the Balkans had forced the Italian government to forbid further operations, and Amedeo was recalled.
1387:
1372:
562:
to sink the torpedo boats in the first hours of the conflict. Amedeo was at that time the commander of the
Division of the Torpedo Boat Inspector, holding the rank of
385:. Concerned that further operations in the region might start a broader war, the Austro-Hungarians pressured Italy to limit their attacks on Ottoman forces to
2155:
1633:
1380:
817:
205:
884:
then engaged in an artillery duel with the fortification, and after forty-five minutes of firing, silenced the
Ottoman guns. In the course of the action,
697:
622:, and was commanded by Commander Guido Biscaretti di Ruffia. About an hour after the declaration, the Italians spotted a pair of Ottoman torpedo boats—
758:, and cut her from her moorings. While they were working aboard the ship, Ottoman civilians in the town opened fire on the boarding party, prompting
684:
and other Ottoman vessels in the harbor within twenty-four hours or he would return and bombard the city. Amedeo was at that time sailing aboard the
555:
256:
198:
1343:
1331:
1312:
1293:
366:; the second fled into the safety of Preveza. The next day, the Italian destroyers raided Gomenítza, where another two torpedo boats and an
251:
1524:
2196:
599:
593:
605:
1514:
665:, meanwhile, successfully evaded her pursuers and reached the safety of Preveza. The Ottoman 210 mm guns opened fire to cover
1284:
Caccamo, Francesco (2013). "Chapter XI: The Ottoman Empire and the Eastern Question". In Micheletta, Luca; Ungari, Andrea (eds.).
611:
583:
617:
505:
405:
2201:
1708:
1743:
714:, the Italians departed for Gomenítza, where they knew other Ottoman vessels to be. That evening, an Italian officer from
688:
762:
to shell the town, which drove off the shooters. The Italians then attached a tow line to one of the destroyers to seize
680:
Amedeo thereafter issued an ultimatum to the Ottoman commander of the city defenses on 3 October, demanding he surrender
2058:
1913:
463:
1978:
1973:
1673:
1594:
2186:
2093:
2083:
2028:
1898:
1893:
1753:
1713:
1703:
1688:
1574:
1544:
871:
694:
457:
139:
657:
with heavy damage from their 75 mm (3 in) guns, having scored fifteen hits. Nine men were killed aboard
451:
2113:
1763:
1549:
1435:
880:
was sent to inspect the vessel, but the boat carrying the men came under fire from an Ottoman artillery battery.
813:
246:
445:
2043:
1883:
1678:
1460:
323:
306:
301:
241:
2123:
1958:
1953:
1918:
1748:
1693:
1663:
1569:
1494:
1455:
1450:
1430:
836:
378:
296:
281:
271:
2133:
2073:
1943:
1928:
1908:
1858:
1843:
1793:
1698:
1643:
1628:
1509:
1445:
501:
291:
286:
1584:
1968:
1868:
1773:
1728:
1653:
1534:
1519:
1479:
1440:
890:
848:
509:
276:
261:
951:
after the First Balkan War brought Preveza under Greek control; she were repaired and commissioned as
530:
and Italy rose as the latter sought a pretext under which it could participate in the colonization of
2128:
2033:
1993:
1988:
1903:
1863:
1848:
1818:
1723:
1683:
1618:
726:, returned to his ship, and reported the information to Biscaretti di Ruffia. Early on 30 September,
543:
386:
2191:
2103:
1938:
1933:
1888:
1873:
1733:
1718:
1658:
1489:
401:
2063:
2013:
2008:
1948:
1828:
1798:
1788:
1613:
1564:
1554:
1539:
1504:
1499:
266:
851:, and Bulgaria, nevertheless declared war on the Ottoman Empire on 18 October 1912, the day the
790:
2138:
2118:
2053:
2003:
1998:
1853:
1783:
1768:
1738:
1648:
1623:
1484:
1416:
1327:
1308:
1289:
1272:
832:
520:
377:
The Italian attacks raised considerable tensions with other European states, particularly the
336:
222:
30:
876:
inspected Singin, where they found an Austro-Hungarian flagged vessel. A boarding party from
2176:
2098:
2078:
2068:
2048:
1983:
1823:
1813:
1808:
1668:
1589:
1579:
1529:
910:
894:
856:
547:
114:
579:
504:, built in the early 1800s, but reequipped with some modern artillery. It was supported by
2108:
2088:
2038:
2023:
1963:
1878:
1803:
1778:
1638:
852:
826:
821:
685:
88:
343:
on 29–30 September 1911. The action took part in two separate engagements, the first off
2018:
1833:
1559:
1405:
944:
539:
535:
527:
363:
356:
127:
2170:
1923:
1838:
844:
750:, which had been undergoing repairs to her boilers, and whose crew had attempted to
630:. The Ottoman vessels had been steaming northwest between Preveza and the island of
1758:
840:
829:, which had been in revolt for over a year, in an attempt to gain influence there.
563:
551:
531:
429:
425:
359:
161:
554:, but the orders did not reach the torpedo boat crews in time. The Italian Prince
437:
348:
67:
1266:
718:
went ashore to conduct a reconnaissance on the port. He observed the location of
1604:
1470:
914:
906:
767:
635:
469:
390:
371:
367:
166:
1268:
The History of the Italian-Turkish War: September 29, 1911, to October 18, 1912
862:
Despite the prohibition on further attacks in the Adriatic, on 5 October 1911,
370:
were at anchor. The Italians sank both torpedo boats and seized the yacht as a
948:
934:
930:
898:
739:
fired seventy-six rounds into the structure and heavily damaged its sea wall.
340:
71:
1358:
1345:
751:
654:
559:
497:
352:
155:
1276:
441:
38:
1288:. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 175–192.
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
933:
were laid and several old vessels were scuttled in harbor entrances as
922:
809:
805:
755:
476:
433:
417:
382:
344:
63:
782:
carried out the task. The engagement lasted about forty-five minutes.
649:
fleeing south back to Preveza. Three of the Italian destroyers chased
641:
The Italians opened fire and the badly outnumbered Ottomans split up,
444:. At that time, the Preveza detachment consisted of the torpedo boats
412:
190:
926:
789:
631:
578:
493:
411:
400:
959:, which remained at Prevesa, was also seized and commissioned as
902:
804:
Italian actions prompted rumors of a planned landing in Ottoman
542:. On 27 September, Italy issued an ultimatum to cede control of
1376:
710:
Unwilling to attempt to break into the defended harbor to sink
194:
16:
A battle that occurred during the Italo-Turkish War in 1911
1048:
1046:
913:'s declaration of war on Austria-Hungary in 1915 during
770:. According to the contemporary author William Beehler,
1249:
1237:
1225:
1201:
1177:
1071:
1037:
432:
dispersed along the Albanian coast, patrolling between
362:
off the port of Preveza on 29 September and forced one
1161:
1159:
1157:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1094:
1092:
2182:
Naval battles and operations of the Italo-Turkish War
416:
Ottoman 210 mm coastal defense gun at Paleosaraga in
381:, which saw Italy's actions as destabilizing to the
1603:
1469:
1415:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
997:
in this second engagement suggests he is incorrect.
937:to prevent Italian vessels from raiding the ports.
778:, while the historian Charles Stephenson indicates
1303:Langensiepen, Bernd & Güleryüz, Ahmet (1995).
558:planned to carry out a raid with a small force of
526:Over the course of the year, tensions between the
967:was later commissioned into the Italian fleet as
335:was the first naval engagement fought during the
322:This engagement should not be confused with the
523:battery of two 210 mm (8.3 in) guns.
428:maintained a small anti-smuggling force of six
23:
1324:A Box of Sand: The Italo-Ottoman War 1911–1912
1388:
487:
206:
8:
2156:List of battles involving the Ottoman Empire
1271:. Annapolis: United States Naval Institute.
855:ended the Italo-Turkish War; this began the
825:carried out the raid to further destabilize
1395:
1381:
1373:
754:her. The Italians boarded her, closed the
213:
199:
191:
20:
971:, serving in that capacity through 1926.
1018:
985:
1213:
1165:
1148:
1098:
1052:
808:, which threatened to destabilize the
820:, summoned the Italian ambassador to
7:
1410:Ottoman battles in the 20th century
1189:
1129:
1083:
1025:
1326:. Ticehurst: Tattered Flag Press.
843:, which they sought to avoid. The
14:
1307:. London: Conway Maritime Press.
818:Austro-Hungarian foreign minister
519:, of a similar age, and a modern
1714:Kirte Bağları (Krithia Vineyard)
1404:
1305:The Ottoman Steam Navy 1828–1923
847:, consisting of Greece, Serbia,
351:the following day. Five Italian
120:
107:
37:
1265:Beehler, William Henry (1913).
500:. The primary fortress was the
534:, following French moves into
1:
1689:3rd Arıburnu (3rd Anzac Cove)
1674:2nd Arıburnu (2nd Anzac Cove)
2151:For the battles before 1900
1749:Yusufçuktepe (Scimitar Hill)
1322:Stephenson, Charles (2014).
797:during her Greek service as
486:. The unit was commanded by
1250:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
1238:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
1226:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
1202:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
1178:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
1072:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
1038:Langensiepen & Güleryüz
550:ports further north in the
2218:
2197:Maritime incidents in 1911
870:, and the armored cruiser
695:pre-dreadnought battleship
653:, forcing her ashore near
339:, which took place in the
140:Guido Biscaretti di Ruffia
2147:
1654:1st Arıburnu (Anzac Cove)
1644:Seddülbayır (Cape Helles)
814:Alois Lexa von Aehrenthal
661:, including her captain.
232:
172:
148:
133:
100:
45:
36:
28:
1754:Selman’ı Pak (Ctesiphon)
1495:Beşpınar (Pente Pigadia)
1286:The Libyan War 1911–1912
87:Diplomatic dispute with
1575:2nd Edirne (Adrianople)
1525:1st Edirne (Adrianople)
837:Prime Minister of Italy
699:Ammiraglio di Saint Bon
693:and was accompanied by
634:, and were en route to
379:Austro-Hungarian Empire
801:
589:
502:Castle of Saint Andrew
488:
421:
409:
355:encountered a pair of
185:1 armed yacht captured
134:Commanders and leaders
2202:September 1911 events
1974:Berukin and 1st Arara
1719:Kanlısırt (Lone Pine)
1006:Quoted in Stephenson.
891:Austro-Hungarian Navy
793:
582:
415:
404:
173:Casualties and losses
1739:Kılıçbayır (The Nek)
1614:Köprüköy (Bergmann)
408:photographed in 1911
387:Ottoman Tripolitania
347:, and the second at
183:3 torpedo boats sunk
53:29–30 September 1911
1490:Kırcalı (Kardzhali)
1359:38.9500°N 20.7333°E
1355: /
1180:, pp. 15, 170.
746:had come alongside
406:St. George's Castle
1914:Hareira and Sheria
1204:, pp. 16, 18.
802:
645:heading north and
590:
506:St George's castle
422:
410:
2187:Conflicts in 1911
2164:
2163:
2059:Afulah and Beisan
2029:German Expedition
1769:Erzurum offensive
1515:İşkodra (Scutari)
1417:Italo-Turkish War
1333:978-0-9576892-2-0
1314:978-0-85177-610-1
1295:978-1-4438-4837-4
1216:, pp. 55–56.
1086:, pp. 21–22.
1055:, pp. 53–54.
833:Giovanni Giolitti
742:In the meantime,
521:coastal artillery
337:Italo-Turkish War
333:Battle of Preveza
324:Battle of Preveza
315:
314:
224:Italo-Turkish War
189:
188:
96:
95:
31:Italo-Turkish War
24:Battle of Preveza
2209:
2094:Jisr Benat Yakub
1779:Felahiye (Hanna)
1669:Battle of Dilman
1634:Naval operations
1550:Varna (Kaliakra)
1409:
1408:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1365:
1364:38.9500; 20.7333
1360:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1337:
1318:
1299:
1280:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1193:
1187:
1181:
1175:
1169:
1163:
1152:
1146:
1133:
1127:
1102:
1096:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1056:
1050:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1007:
1004:
998:
990:
911:Antonio Salandra
857:First Balkan War
671:
548:Austro-Hungarian
518:
510:Fort Pantokrator
496:guns and twenty
491:
475:, and the small
227:
225:
215:
208:
201:
192:
126:
124:
123:
115:Kingdom of Italy
113:
111:
110:
47:
46:
41:
21:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2143:
1979:2nd Transjordan
1605:First World War
1599:
1465:
1411:
1403:
1401:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1334:
1321:
1315:
1302:
1296:
1283:
1264:
1261:
1256:
1248:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1220:
1212:
1208:
1200:
1196:
1188:
1184:
1176:
1172:
1164:
1155:
1147:
1136:
1128:
1105:
1097:
1090:
1082:
1078:
1070:
1059:
1051:
1044:
1036:
1032:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1001:
991:
987:
982:
977:
853:Treaty of Ouchy
827:Ottoman Albania
822:Austria-Hungary
788:
708:
686:armored cruiser
669:
577:
572:
512:
399:
318:
317:
316:
311:
228:
223:
221:
219:
184:
182:
164:
121:
119:
108:
106:
89:Austria-Hungary
84:Italian victory
74:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2215:
2213:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2169:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2114:Jisr ed Damieh
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1844:Bir el Hassana
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1476:
1474:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1422:
1420:
1413:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1392:
1385:
1377:
1339:
1338:
1332:
1319:
1313:
1300:
1294:
1281:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1252:, p. 170.
1242:
1240:, p. 156.
1230:
1218:
1206:
1194:
1192:, p. 186.
1182:
1170:
1153:
1134:
1103:
1088:
1076:
1057:
1042:
1040:, p. 194.
1030:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:
999:
984:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
969:Capitano Verri
787:
784:
707:
704:
576:
573:
571:
568:
528:Ottoman Empire
398:
395:
329:
328:
313:
312:
310:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
233:
230:
229:
220:
218:
217:
210:
203:
195:
187:
186:
179:
175:
174:
170:
169:
158:
151:
150:
146:
145:
144:Captain Tevfik
142:
136:
135:
131:
130:
128:Ottoman Empire
117:
103:
102:
98:
97:
94:
93:
92:
91:
85:
80:
76:
75:
61:
59:
55:
54:
51:
43:
42:
34:
33:
26:
25:
19:
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2214:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
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1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1959:Khan Baghdadi
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
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1935:
1932:
1930:
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1925:
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1709:Kara Killisse
1707:
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1263:
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1234:
1231:
1228:, p. 16.
1227:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1171:
1168:, p. 54.
1167:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1151:, p. 55.
1150:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1132:, p. 22.
1131:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1101:, p. 53.
1100:
1095:
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1089:
1085:
1080:
1077:
1074:, p. 15.
1073:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1028:, p. 21.
1027:
1022:
1019:
1013:
1003:
1000:
996:
989:
986:
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845:Balkan League
842:
838:
834:
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828:
823:
819:
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733:
729:
725:
721:
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713:
705:
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692:
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690:Vettor Pisani
687:
683:
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633:
629:
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485:
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478:
474:
471:
467:
466:
461:
460:
455:
454:
449:
448:
443:
439:
435:
431:
430:torpedo boats
427:
424:In 1911, the
419:
414:
407:
403:
396:
394:
392:
388:
384:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
360:torpedo boats
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
327:
325:
320:
319:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
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290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
257:Mechiya Oasis
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
234:
231:
226:
216:
211:
209:
204:
202:
197:
196:
193:
180:
177:
176:
171:
168:
163:
162:torpedo boats
159:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
141:
138:
137:
132:
129:
118:
116:
105:
104:
99:
90:
86:
83:
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81:
78:
77:
73:
69:
65:
60:
57:
56:
52:
49:
48:
44:
40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
2152:
1929:Mughar Ridge
1919:Wadi el Hesi
1859:Jebel Hamlin
1560:İmroz (Elli)
1425:
1340:
1323:
1304:
1285:
1267:
1245:
1233:
1221:
1209:
1197:
1185:
1173:
1079:
1033:
1021:
1002:
994:
988:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
940:
939:
919:
885:
881:
877:
872:
867:
863:
861:
841:great powers
831:
803:
798:
794:
779:
775:
771:
763:
759:
747:
743:
741:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
709:
706:At Gomenítza
698:
689:
681:
679:
674:
666:
662:
658:
650:
646:
642:
640:
627:
623:
618:
612:
606:
600:
594:
591:
584:
564:rear admiral
556:Luigi Amedeo
552:Adriatic Sea
544:Tripolitania
532:North Africa
525:
483:
479:
472:
464:
458:
452:
446:
426:Ottoman Navy
423:
376:
332:
330:
321:
252:Sciara Sciat
236:
101:Belligerents
29:Part of the
1724:Anafartalar
1607:(1914–1918)
1595:2nd Çatalca
1545:1st Çatalca
1510:Kirk Kilise
1480:Sarantaporo
1473:(1912–1913)
1471:Balkan Wars
1441:Kunfuda Bay
1419:(1911–1912)
1362: /
935:block ships
915:World War I
907:Cattaro Bay
899:battleships
835:, then the
513: [
470:armed yacht
391:World War I
368:armed yacht
277:Kunfuda Bay
167:armed yacht
2192:Ionian Sea
2171:Categories
2129:Khan Ayash
2034:Abu Tellul
1994:Karakilisa
1989:Sardarabad
1954:Tell 'Asur
1819:Bir el Abd
1629:Suez Canal
1619:Sarikamish
1520:Lüleburgaz
1350:20°44′00″E
1347:38°57′00″N
1259:References
1214:Stephenson
1166:Stephenson
1149:Stephenson
1099:Stephenson
1053:Stephenson
949:Greek Navy
943:was later
931:Minefields
886:Artigliere
882:Artigliere
878:Artigliere
873:Marco Polo
868:Corraziere
864:Artigliere
849:Montenegro
772:Corazziere
760:Corazziere
732:Corazziere
728:Artigliere
716:Corazziere
601:Corazziere
595:Artigliere
575:At Preveza
560:destroyers
498:field guns
397:Background
353:destroyers
341:Ionian Sea
287:Al-Fwaihat
181:~10 killed
156:destroyers
72:Ionian Sea
2134:2nd Amman
2039:2nd Arara
1969:1st Amman
1939:Jerusalem
1934:Ayun Kara
1899:Khuweilfe
1894:Beersheba
1889:Wadi Musa
1874:Istabulat
1789:Trebizond
1764:Sağ Sahil
1734:Sarıbayır
1729:Conkbayır
1704:Manzikert
1699:Zığındere
1694:3rd Kirte
1684:No.3 Post
1679:2nd Kirte
1664:1st Kirte
1014:Citations
975:Footnotes
961:Nikopolis
905:south to
799:Nikopolis
786:Aftermath
655:Nicopolis
607:Fuciliere
438:Gomenítza
420:, Greece.
349:Gomenítza
68:Gomenítza
2104:Damascus
2084:Tiberias
2064:Nazareth
2014:Binagadi
2009:Kurdamir
1904:3rd Gaza
1869:2nd Gaza
1864:1st Gaza
1854:Samarrah
1829:Magdhaba
1799:Erzincan
1659:Baby 700
1555:Merhamli
1540:Monastir
1505:Kumanovo
1500:Sorovich
1436:Benghazi
945:salvaged
895:division
756:seacocks
724:Hamidiye
588:underway
477:gunboats
459:Hamidiye
326:in 1538.
267:Ain Zara
247:Benghazi
149:Strength
58:Location
2177:Preveza
2139:Haritan
2119:Sharqat
2054:Tulkarm
2044:Megiddo
1999:Goychay
1949:Jericho
1909:Baghdad
1849:2nd Kut
1759:1st Kut
1744:Hill 60
1649:Kumkale
1624:Ardahan
1580:Bolayır
1565:Korytsa
1485:Yenidje
1426:Preveza
1277:1408563
1190:Caccamo
1130:Beehler
1084:Beehler
1026:Beehler
995:Antalya
965:Trablus
957:Antalya
947:by the
923:Selanik
893:sent a
810:Balkans
806:Rumelia
795:Antalya
776:Trablus
764:Trablus
752:scuttle
748:Trablus
720:Alpagot
712:Antalya
682:Antalya
675:Antalya
667:Antalya
663:Antalya
647:Antalya
628:Antalya
613:Zeffiro
585:Zeffiro
540:Morocco
536:Algeria
489:Binbasi
473:Trablus
465:Alpagot
453:Antalya
442:Durazzo
434:Preveza
418:Preveza
383:Balkans
364:aground
357:Ottoman
345:Preveza
302:Misrata
262:Al-Hani
242:Tripoli
237:Preveza
66:and at
64:Preveza
2124:Aleppo
2099:Kaukab
2079:Samakh
2049:Tabsor
1984:Abaran
1884:Ramadi
1814:Romani
1809:Bitlis
1590:Bizani
1585:Şarköy
1570:Lemnos
1535:Himara
1530:Prilep
1461:Zanzur
1456:Rhodes
1451:Beirut
1431:Tobruk
1330:
1311:
1292:
1275:
816:, the
780:Alpino
774:towed
744:Alpino
736:Alpino
734:, and
636:Singin
619:Alpino
616:, and
570:Battle
484:No. 10
468:, the
462:, and
440:, and
307:Zanzur
297:Rhodes
282:Beirut
272:Tobruk
125:
112:
79:Result
2109:Kiswe
2089:Irbid
2074:Haifa
2069:Jenin
2024:Arsuf
2004:Aghsu
1964:Hijla
1944:Jaffa
1879:Aqaba
1839:Nekhl
1824:Yanbu
1804:Aqaba
1794:Mecca
1784:Sabis
1639:Katya
1446:Derna
980:Notes
953:Totoi
941:Tokad
927:Izmir
901:from
768:prize
766:as a
670:'
659:Tokad
651:Tokad
643:Tokad
632:Corfu
624:Tokad
517:]
494:Krupp
480:No. 9
447:Tokad
372:prize
292:Derna
2019:Baku
1834:Rafa
1774:Wadi
1328:ISBN
1309:ISBN
1290:ISBN
1273:OCLC
925:and
903:Pola
722:and
626:and
538:and
508:and
482:and
331:The
178:none
62:Off
50:Date
2153:see
1924:Huj
897:of
2173::
1156:^
1137:^
1106:^
1091:^
1060:^
1045:^
963:.
955:.
929:.
917:.
866:,
859:.
812:.
730:,
677:.
638:.
610:,
604:,
598:,
566:.
515:el
456:,
450:,
436:,
393:.
374:.
165:1
160:4
154:5
70:,
1396:e
1389:t
1382:v
1336:.
1317:.
1298:.
1279:.
214:e
207:t
200:v
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