311:. The Cheyenne apparently planned to lure the soldiers into an ambush in a narrow ravine around which they had taken up defensive positions. Their women and children and horses were hidden in nearby ravines. The soldiers advanced carefully and were warned of the Cheyenne presence when a warrior opened fire prematurely. A rifle duel ensued. The soldiers continued their advance on higher ground rather than the ravine and found and scattered the Cheyenne's horse herd. Colonel Lewis led the advance and was wounded and died from loss of blood the next day. After Lewis was shot, the soldiers abandoned the battlefield, claiming they had killed one Cheyenne and wounded others. The loss of many of their horses and much of their food was a blow to the Cheyenne.
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278:(also known as Morning Star) and Little Wolf and their followers subsequently surrendered to the U.S. at Camp Robinson, Nebraska. From May to August 1877, the Northern Cheyenne were escorted by soldiers 1,300 km (810 mi) south to the Southern Cheyenne reservation in Oklahoma. Nine-hundred and thirty seven Cheyenne arrived at the reservation, headquartered about 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of present-day
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286:. Conditions were difficult with shortages of food and outbreaks of measles and malaria. Dull Knife and Little Wolf pleaded to be allowed to return to the northern plains but were turned down. In September 1878, the two leaders and 351 of their followers fled the reservation with the intent of journeying to rejoin other groups of Northern Cheyenne who resided mostly in
336:
valley. They killed more than 30 civilians and raped several women. The violence came despite the orders of their leaders to avoid killing civilians. The massacre of civilians has been portrayed as revenge for a defeat (or massacre) of
Cheyenne near Sappa Creek by soldiers three years earlier and
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In
Nebraska, the Cheyenne split into two groups with Little Wolf taking the more able bodied with him and successfully joining the Northern Cheyenne in Montana. Dull Knife with a smaller group was captured and imprisoned at Camp Robinson. In January 1879 in the
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The
Cheyenne needed horses and food after the battle. North of Punished Woman's Fork, they encountered for the first time a region populated largely by farmers. From September 29 to October 3, they replenished their supplies by raids, mostly near the town of
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The killing of non-combatants was not confined to the
Cheyenne. Several Cheyenne women, children, and elderly who were lost or unable to keep up with the fast-moving caravan are known to have been executed by white soldiers and civilians.
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On 25 September
Colonel William H. Lewis was given the command of about 200 soldiers, mostly cavalry, to pursue the Cheyenne in northern Kansas. On 27 September he found the trail of the Cheyenne in a hilly area north of present-day
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Captain
Clarence Mauck led the soldiers after Lewis's death. He trailed the Cheyenne for three days, but they slipped away from him and were next seen but not engaged by the army 200 km (120 mi) north while crossing the
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After fleeing the reservation on the night of
September 9/10, the Cheyenne traveled northward on horseback some 500 km (310 mi) fighting three successful skirmishes with the army and civilian volunteers, including the
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361:, the Cheyenne attempted to escape but nearly all were either killed or recaptured. The survivors of the Northern Cheyenne Exodus were allowed to remain in their homeland on the northern plains.
246:), killing the army commander. After the battle the Cheyenne continued northward. Some were successful in reaching their relatives in Montana. Others were captured or killed near
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A monument at the site and overlooking the canyon commemorates the battle. In
Oberlin, the Decatur County Last Indian Raid Museum commemorates the Cheyenne raid.
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298:. In northern Oklahoma and southern Kansas they stole horses and cattle for their subsistence and in the process killed nine ranchers.
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The battle site and monument. The
Cheyenne dug rifle pits overlooking the canyon, but the soldiers advanced on higher ground.
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290:. Ninety-two of those fleeing the reservation were warriors; the remainder were women, children, and elderly.
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In the 1830s the
Cheyenne tribe split into two groups: the Northern Cheyenne and the Southern Cheyenne. The
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were later arrested and charged with killing non-combatants in Kansas. In the
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also as Cheyenne rage that this region, formerly prime hunting grounds for
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bands of the Northern Cheyenne were defeated by the U.S. Cavalry in the
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410:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. pp. 163–164.
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Forced migrations of Native Americans in the United States
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541:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 169–173.
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in an attempt to return to their homeland on the northern
234:, including women and children, fled their reservation in
435:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 51–57.
470:"The Pursuit of Dull Knife from Fort Reno in 1878-1879"
433:The Northern Cheyenne Exodus in History and Memory
349:the seven were acquitted for lack of evidence.
24:
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638:"Decatur County Last Indian Raid Museum"
431:Leiker, James N.; Powers, Ramon (2011).
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230:. In the Northern Cheyenne Exodus, 353
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408:A Guide to the Indian Wars of the West
539:Bat Masterson: The Man and the Legend
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387:. Wyoming State Historical Society
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678:Native American history of Kansas
613:"Battle of Punished Woman's Fork"
214:(27 September 1878), also called
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212:Battle of Punished Woman's Fork
25:Battle of Punished Woman's Fork
683:Battles involving the Cheyenne
218:, was the last battle between
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537:DeArment, Robert K. (2014).
581:. Kansas Historical Society
518:. Kansas Historical Society
406:McDermott, John D. (1998).
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602:, pp. 73–74, 110–113.
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468:Wright, Peter M. (1968).
381:"The Cheyenne Homecoming"
274:in November 1876. Chiefs
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159:1 killed, several wounded
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40:
29:
600:Leiker & Powers 2011
562:Leiker & Powers 2011
456:Leiker & Powers 2011
296:Battle of Turkey Springs
18:Northern Cheyenne Exodus
343:Seven Cheyenne warriors
474:Chronicles of Oklahoma
359:Fort Robinson breakout
324:in southern Nebraska.
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192:Location within Kansas
122:Commanders and leaders
341:, was now farmland.
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154:Casualties and losses
127:Col. William H. Lewis
698:Scott County, Kansas
617:El Quartelejo Museum
189:class=notpageimage|
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224:United States Army
222:(Indians) and the
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81:38.644°N 100.928°W
59:Scott City, Kansas
564:, pp. 59–67.
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512:"Plains Wars"
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244:Ladder Creek
240:Great Plains
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146:200 soldiers
109:Belligerents
499:Wright 1968
334:Sappa Creek
268:Little Wolf
149:92 warriors
131:Little Wolf
84: /
72:100°55′41″W
36:Little Wolf
662:Categories
516:Kansapedia
417:0739401742
368:References
309:Scott City
302:The battle
276:Dull Knife
264:Dull Knife
258:Background
135:Dull Knife
69:38°38′38″N
315:Aftermath
284:Fort Reno
114:U.S. Army
668:Cheyenne
252:Nebraska
236:Oklahoma
232:Cheyenne
141:Strength
53:Location
647:10 July
622:20 July
585:10 July
522:10 July
332:in the
330:Oberlin
288:Montana
545:
484:8 July
439:
414:
391:1 July
228:Kansas
97:Result
339:bison
282:near
57:Near
649:2022
624:2022
587:2022
543:ISBN
524:2022
486:2022
437:ISBN
412:ISBN
393:2022
266:and
210:The
45:Date
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
