1305:, Suchet's artillery and engineering commanders respectively, arrived with the siege train. It took Suchet's troops four days to drag the heavy guns up the hill and into battery. Because the hill was rocky, the Imperial troops had to bring earth up from the bottom of the hill in order to build parapets. On 16 October, the siege guns opened fire and by the afternoon of the 18th the gunners and engineers reported that there was a breach in the Spanish defenses at the Dos Mayo redoubt. Suchet ordered an assault for that evening. The plan called for 400 men from Habert's division to lead the attack and to be supported by Palombini's Italians. The siege guns pounded the breach until the last minute, causing losses among the defenders, who bravely stood at their posts piling sandbags and other obstructions into the breach. At 5:00 pm, the men of the storming column rushed the defenses and made it halfway up the breach before being stopped by intense fire. The few French soldiers who clawed their way to the top were stabbed or shot. The assault was a complete failure and Habert soon ordered the men to fall back. Suchet admitted losing 173 casualties, but the real total was nearer 300.
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ahead of
Miranda's division on the right. In second line were San Juan's cavalry and well to the rear on the Germanel Heights were Mahy's Murcian infantry. When the Spanish formations started to press back the Imperial skirmish line, Chłopicki ordered an attack. Robert's brigade came into contact with Villacampa's startled men first and pushed them to the bottom of the hill without much resistance. Between Robert's five battalions and the two battalions of the 44th Line stood Schiazzetti's dragoons. These horsemen charged downhill into the gap between the two Valencian divisions and then swerved into the left flank of Miranda's soldiers. Seeing Villacampa's division give way and the Italian dragoons boring in on their flank, Miranda's men turned and fled back to the valley. O'Donnell ordered San Juan's cavalry forward to protect his infantry. Recognizing a crisis, Mahy advanced his troops toward the action.
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defenders alert. The attackers were able to plant a number of ladders against the wall, but the
Spanish troops fought with desperate courage. Every Frenchman who got to the top of the wall was killed and the ladders knocked down. The French bravely pressed forward but their opponents stoutly held their positions. At midnight Palombini's men launched their diversion, which was met by sharp musketry. However, this did not cause the garrison to transfer troops away from the main attack. The third column was committed to the main assault, but this effort also failed. Finally, the survivors pulled back behind cover. At length, Suchet authorized the storming columns to retreat. The marshal admitted losses of 247 killed and wounded, though another source claimed that 360 men were casualties, including 52 Italians. Spanish losses were only 15 killed and fewer than 30 wounded.
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wheel back at an angle to protect the
Imperial flank. Caro's horsemen galloped after the beaten French cavalry. In the crisis, Suchet ordered Palombini to send Saint Paul's brigade to plug the hole in the line. The French marshal then rode to the remaining two squadrons of the 13th Cuirassiers and ordered them to charge. The 350 cuirassiers crashed into the Spanish cavalry and scattered them. Both Loy and Caro bravely tried to rally their troopers; both were badly wounded and captured. The cuirassiers rode over a Spanish battery and were only stopped when they reached the Picador stream in the Spanish rear, where they were pounded by the guns attached to the Valencian Reserve. At this time, Lardizabal's division was still holding its own in a musketry fight with Harispe's soldiers.
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stayed in the siege lines. To face Blake's army, Suchet deployed 12,000 infantry, 1,800 cavalry and six batteries of field artillery, for a total of about 14,000 men. Though outnumbered nearly two to one, the French marshal was aware that his army was qualitatively superior to his opponent's army. Suchet posted Habert's division (2,500) on the left flank and
Harispe's division (3,600) in the center. The reserve consisted of the 2,000 foot soldiers of General of Brigade Vertigier Saint Paul's Italian brigade and 1,300 cavalry. Guarding the right flank was Robert's brigade (2,500), Colonel Schiazzetti's Italian
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1141:, Spanish workers restored the old walls by filling the gaps with stone blocks from the ancient ruins. The Roman theater, relatively intact up to this time, was dismantled to provide building materials. However, the work was still unfinished when Suchet's army advanced. The fortress was manned by 2,663 soldiers under the command of Colonel Andriani. There were five battalions, including two newly-raised 3rd Battalions. The garrison had 17 cannons of which only three were 12-pounders and the rest lighter pieces. The Spanish also garrisoned
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not so lucky. After falling back, their general reformed the division alongside the
Reserve. There was a lull in the battle during which Suchet reordered his regiments and ordered the rallied 4th Hussars to the right to help Chłopicki round up prisoners. Then Suchet unleashed his last regiment, the 24th Dragoons, directly down the main road. The dragoons rode into Lardizabal's survivors, broke up the last formed battalions and seized two cannons and four flags. The Imperial pursuit went on for 7 miles (11 km).
1330:(4,600 total). General San Juan led one brigade of 900 Valencian and a second brigade of 800 Murcian cavalry. There were 18 field guns in three batteries. O'Donnell planned to attack with Villacampa and Miranda, while Obispo came in on the Imperial right rear. Mahy and San Juan would support O'Donnell's attack, while two Murcian battalions under Colonel O'Ronan served as a link between Obispo and O'Donnell. Altogether, Blake would throw 10,500 troops against Suchet's left flank and 17,000 against his right flank.
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covering force to defend against
Spanish interference. While waiting for the siege guns, the French engineering troops began to prepare battery positions and ramps to get their guns up the hill. Blake did not trust his soldiers to fight in the open field against Suchet's veteran army. Mahy, who commanded the Murcian army, complained that his troops had no confidence in their fighting abilities. In this situation, Blake hoped to force Suchet to retreat by cutting his supply line. He sent Obispo's division to
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Habert's troops, with neither side gaining the advantage. In the center, both sides tried to occupy a knoll between the battle lines, but
Ladizabal's leading brigade under General Prieto got there first. Prieto quickly deployed 1,500 soldiers and a battery of artillery to defend the knoll. Suchet organized an attack spearheaded by four battalions of the 7th Line Infantry. These were supported on each flank by the 116th Line and the Poles of the 3rd
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command post and reserves too far to the rear to influence the battle. As one of his staff observed, Blake gave the initial order to advance and then let events take their course. When
Lardizabal's troops gave way, Blake finally overcame his inertia and gave orders for his right wing to quickly retreat out of danger and began to organize a general withdrawal. Zayas was able to fend off Habert and get most of his troops across the Picador stream.
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move by sending
Palombini on 20 October with 4,500 Franco-Italian troops to clear the road to Teruel. By the 24th Palombini was back with Suchet's army. Returning from his useless excursion to Cuenca, Mahy joined Blake on 23 October and the next day Blake set out with his army to relieve Sagunto Castle. Blake's strategy of avoiding battle was deeply unpopular in Valencia and he needed to fight a battle or face being removed from his command.
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poorly-trained
Spanish troops were fleeing. The Spanish troops attacking Suchet's left flank were made of sterner stuff, however, and the contest there was more severe. Finally, the Imperial troops gained the upper hand and put almost the entire Spanish army to flight. The garrison of Sagunto Castle soon surrendered and Blake's soldiers limped back to Valencia where they tried to put that city's defences in order.
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available for field operations. Suchet declined to use Ficatier's brigade because it secured the roads over which his food and supplies reached him. He wanted the divisions of Severoli and Reille for the advance to Valencia. Severoli was under his orders, but that general's troops guarded Aragon. To procure Reille's help Suchet needed Napoleon's permission. That consent would arrive in December.
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1233:, forcing its Franco-Italian defenders into a fortified convent. Martín's guerillas drove off a 1,000-strong relief column and then the Spanish forced the 560 survivors to surrender on 3 October 1811 by exploding two mines under the walls. At this time, Severoli's 7,000-strong Italian division reinforced the Imperial occupation forces of Aragon, restoring their shaken confidence.
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Spanish defenses. The Dos Mayo redoubt was in ruins from the bombardment and would probably have fallen to the next assault. The 2,500 survivors became French prisoners, though 200 of them were too sick or injured to be moved from the hospital. Most of the 17 guns were knocked out and their ammunition was low, though there were enough musket cartridges to prolong the defense.
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cavalry brigade. The hapless Spanish horsemen turned and galloped away, riding over the first two of Mahy's battalions as they appeared, causing them to run away also. At this, Chłopicki waved his seven battalions forward and O'Donnell's two divisions dissolved into complete rout. The Murcian cavalry brigade and two infantry brigades also collapsed. Mahy managed to form a
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Valencian Reserve under General Velasco, 300 horsemen under General Loy, 800 Valencian cavalry under General Caro and three batteries of artillery. Blake left wing consisted of the Valencian infantry divisions of Generals José Miranda (4,000) and Pedro Villacampa (3,350) and José Obispo (3,400), and Mahy's Murcian infantry brigades led by Generals Juan Creagh and
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1109:'s French division, almost all the cavalry and all the field artillery. General of Brigade Florentin Ficatier's brigade from Musnier's division accompanied the slow-moving siege guns. Musnier did not join the expedition; instead, he commanded the garrisons guarding the French supply line. The center column moved south on the mountain road via
1153:
Palombini's center column joined the left column, having encountered no opposition along its route. Blake sent General José Obispo's division to block Harispe's column at the Barraques pass. Harispe detected the Spanish force and took a side road to the east to avoid Obispo. This French division marched down the valley of the
985:, the army proved incapable of assisting the garrison. In October 1811 the army numbered 36,000 men, including the Reserve Division consisting of newly-raised 3rd Battalions of old regiments. The 3rd Battalions suffered from having too few officers. The only first-class formations were the divisions of
1408:
The Walloon Guard battalion from Zayas' division defended the village of Puzzol where they attracted the attention of Habert's division. After a stiff fight, 400 men of the battalion were captured, but this allowed the rest of Zayas' division to get away without further loss. Lardizabal's troops were
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Following in the wake of the cuirassiers, Saint Paul's Italians drove off the last of the Spanish horse, then came in on Lardizabal's unprotected right flank. Lardizabal's soldiers had performed very well, but the division finally crumbled under the pressure from front and flank. Blake had set up his
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from one battalion each of the Cuenca and Molina (Montijo's brigade and Villacampa's division, respectively) Infantry Regiments; the rest were scattering in panic-stricken flight. Spanish losses were only about 400 killed and wounded, but the Imperial troops rounded up about 2,000 prisoners and a few
1308:
After the repulse, Rogniat convinced Suchet to rely on siege methods. The defenders continued to fiercely resist and the French lost 15–20 men every day in their effort to push their works closer to the Spanish fortifications. Meanwhile, Blake again sent Obispo to seize Segorbe. Suchet countered this
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At about 7:00 am, O'Ronan's two battalions bumped into Robert's brigade and were repulsed. Next, O'Donnell's two divisions descended the Germanel Heights and moved to attack Chłopicki's troops. As they marched up the slopes of the Sancti Espritus Hills, Villacampa's division on the left was somewhat
1325:
Blake planned to attack and hold the Imperial French army with his right wing, while crushing the enemy right flank with the bulk of his army. The right wing's attack was led by the veteran infantry divisions of Zayas (2,500) and Lardizabal (3,000). These were supported by 3,500 foot soldiers of the
1400:
Generals Loy and Caro brought 1,100 Spanish cavalry forward and charged. Partly masked by some trees, this unexpected attack fell on the three French squadrons on Harispe's left and routed them. Loy led his troopers to capture three cannons and nearly overran the 116th Line which barely had time to
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On 15 September, all three Imperial French columns began to move. Two days later, Suchet's left column bypassed Peniscola, leaving one battalion and some hussars to keep an eye on the place. On 19 September, the French coastal column threaded past the two defended towers near Oropesa. That evening,
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Blake's army lost about 1,000 killed and wounded, mostly in the veteran divisions of Zayas and Lardizabal. The French made 4,641 prisoners and captured 12 guns. The 2nd Regiment of Badajoz lost 17 officers and 521 men out of 800, mostly taken prisoner. Harispe and Habert lost 41 officer casualties
1333:
Suchet maintained the siege of Sagunto Castle with the 117th Line Infantry Regiment from Habert's division and General of Brigade Éloi Charles Balathier's brigade from Palombini's division. Compère's Neapolitans watched the road to Segorbe, which runs to the northwest. Approximately 4,000 troops
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On 23 September, the Imperial French army invested Sagunto Castle by sending Habert's division around its east side and Harispe's division around its west side. Suchet's cavalry swept the country south to within 6 miles (10 km) of Valencia without meeting significant opposition. Palombini's
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Luis Andriani repulsed two attacks and the French-Allied army was forced to lay siege to the ancient fortress. When Blake's army advanced from Valencia to raise the siege, Suchet posted his somewhat smaller army to resist the Spanish. Blake's attack on Suchet's right flank went awry and soon the
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After his stunning success, Chłopicki halted his troops, waiting to see how matters were going on the Imperial center and left. By this time, O'Donnell's two divisions were seething masses at the bottom of the hill. Having reformed his dragoons, Schiazzetti launched them at San Juan's Valencian
1425:
Suchet might have advanced to Valencia and scattered the 22,000 survivors of Blake's demoralized army. Instead, the French marshal paused after his victory. After providing a garrison for Sagunto Castle and detaching a brigade to escort the Spanish prisoners to the rear, he had only 15,000 men
1421:
The next day, Suchet sent an emissary to Andriani, asking for the garrison's surrender. Andriani soon gave in. After seeing the army of relief dispersed before their eyes, the troops of the garrison had no more stomach for a siege. By this time, the French siege trenches were very close to the
1418:
while battling the two divisions of Spanish veterans; Chłopicki and Robert sustained only seven officer casualties. As usual, Suchet understated his losses at 130 killed and 590 wounded. Total Spanish casualties came to around 6,000. French losses were probably around 1,000 killed and wounded.
1375:
While the fiasco on Blake's left was playing out, the Spanish right wing began its attack. Habert kept well away from the shoreline because there were several Spanish gunboats offshore, firing cannons. On the Spanish right flank, the division of Zayas advanced and got into a musketry duel with
1202:
In the dark, the French storming parties crept forward into a large cistern which was near the old Roman theater. At this point they were 120 yards (110 m) from the two gaps. By some accident, firing broke out and the storming columns burst from cover prematurely, only to find the Spanish
1206:
After this failure, Suchet ordered Ficatier's brigade and the siege guns to join him. On their slow journey from Tortosa, the heavy guns would first need to blast the two Oropesa towers into submission. The French marshal divided his army into a blockade force to surround Sagunto Castle and a
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and one squadron of the 13th Cuirassiers covered Harispe's left flank. The Imperial attack forced Prieto's men to fall back from the knoll, but not before they inflicted heavy losses on their foes; General of Brigade Marie Auguste Paris was wounded and Harispe had his horse killed under him.
1042:, 7,000 men, to protect his rearward communications. Suchet carefully selected 22,000 of his best infantry for the Valencian campaign, leaving 6,800 of his least effective men to garrison his supply line. The only problematic element of the Imperial French field army were the 1,500
1283:
where they found only one enemy battalion, which got away. On 10 October, Suchet's siege guns reached Oropesa where they forced the surrender of 215 Spanish soldiers in the first tower. The next day, the troops in the second tower were evacuated by the ship-of-the-line
1266:
Blake made a few more ineffectual attempts to interfere with the siege. Suchet sent Palombini's division and Robert's brigade to chase Obispo's division out of Segorbe, which was easily done. On 2 October Harispe's division and Robert's brigade drove Lieutenant General
1190:
at the base of the castle hill. Habert held 2,000 men ready to support a breakthrough. To mislead the defenders, six companies of Palombini's Italians would mount a diversion against another part of the fortress. Suchet hoped that the assault would be a surprise.
1137:, Blake ordered a powerful fortress to be built. In March 1810, the abandoned site contained only the hilltop ruins of the Roman city of Saguntum which was later occupied by the Moors. On the recommendation of the British officer
1342:
to the right flank. Chłopicki was senior to Robert, so the Pole assumed command of the right flank. Whereas the Imperial left and center were arrayed in the plain, the right flank lined the crests of the Sancti Espiritus Hills.
1241:, forcing its garrison to cut its way out and join an 800-man relief column led by Colonel Ceccopieri. Not realizing Mina's strength, Ceccopieri marched his battalion of the 7th Italian Line Infantry Regiment to the relief of
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As it happened, Blake resigned himself to a passive defense from the beginning. Instead he urged his soldiers to construct a fortified and entrenched line covering Valencia. About twenty miles to the north of Valencia at
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on 29 June 1811. In the latter operation, the French killed or captured 15,000 Spanish troops, wiping out two-thirds of Catalonia's army. French losses were 4,300 killed and wounded. Tarragona's capture earned Suchet his
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division hovered off to the northwest to intercept any Spanish attempt to trouble the siege. Seeing that the castle's defenses were incomplete and two gaps in the wall were visible, Suchet decided to try a
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Marshal Suchet's Army of Aragon counted 50,000 troops, but after deducting garrisons and sick there were only 31,000 men available in the field. There were also 15,000 soldiers in the divisions of
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974:. The emperor assumed that the Spanish Army of Valencia was in a panic and that the city would be easy prey for the Imperial French army. Napoleon erred; Sagunto Castle would hold out for weeks.
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at midnight on 27–28 September. Two columns, each of 300 men were formed of volunteers from Habert's division. A third supporting column of similar size was assembled in the town of
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Lardizabal got his second brigade and a second battery into action against Harispe's troops. Meanwhile, a French battery began blasting Lardizabal's right flank.
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1245:. On 16 October, Mina ambushed the Italians, killing 200 soldiers and their commander, and capturing the 600 survivors. Mina then herded his prisoners to
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Dragoon Regiment (450) and one artillery battery. At the last minute, Suchet switched the 44th Line (1,800) under General of Brigade
1290:. On 12 October the much-needed siege train reached Sagunto Castle. Ficatier's brigade was spread out to defend Segorbe, Oropesa and
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981:, the Valencian Army had the "worst fighting reputation" of all the Spanish armies. During the campaign which ended with the fall of
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failed when the French, Italians, and Poles drove their troops off the battlefield in rout. The action took place during the
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were so active, not a single man could be spared from Decaen's force. Suchet assigned the division of General of Division
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1129:'s French infantry division. Harispe faced the greatest danger because his troops were nearest to Blake's Spanish army.
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ended on 19 August 1811 with a Spanish surrender. Six days afterward, Napoleon ordered Suchet to advance and seize
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cannons. Obispo's division showed up too late; O'Ronan's battalions joined it and retreated to the north.
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where it blocked the road from Teruel. The main effort against Suchet's communications was made by the
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to the coast to join the other two columns. On 22 September, Suchet's entire army set out from
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lies a short distance from the east coast of Spain, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of
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2327:
2287:
2160:
891:
887:
543:
355:
48:
4348:
3800:
2504:
2362:
2292:
2035:
1898:
1280:
986:
760:
419:
1317:
1030:. These good troops would soon be assigned to Suchet's command. General of Division
913:
in September 1811. He tried to quickly seize Sagunto Castle, but its garrison under
2352:
2188:
1945:
1183:
1034:'s French Army of Catalonia numbered 23,000 soldiers. However, because the Catalan
978:
30:
This article is about the Peninsular War battle. For the Sertorian War battle, see
1878:
1173:
4140:
4110:
4098:
4055:
3810:
1381:
56:
3825:
1272:
1162:
1110:
844:
107:
94:
1360:
1230:
1142:
997:. When Blake took command of the Army of Valencia, he brought with him from
982:
2061:
3790:
998:
971:
955:
1246:
1208:
1187:
1134:
1094:
1023:
914:
899:
82:
2372:
1276:
1242:
1122:
1027:
229:
207:
165:
143:
2103:
1391:
1371:
Battle of Waterloo re-enactors are dressed as French artillerymen.
1366:
1345:
1316:
1257:
1217:
1193:
1172:
1093:
Suchet's left column advanced southwest along the coast road from
876:
281:
272:
263:
252:
188:
86:
1001:
these two divisions. It was hoped that the Army of Murcia under
962:, but that campaign had to wait until the French recaptured the
2107:
327:
2010:
Ojala, Jeanne A. (1987). "Suchet: The Peninsular Marshal". In
1832:
1830:
1249:
on the northern coast and handed them over to the frigate
1008:
might help defend Valencia from Suchet's expected attack.
966:, which sat on a major road between France and Spain. The
1817:
1815:
1802:
1800:
1787:
1785:
1721:
1719:
1646:
1644:
1602:
1600:
1117:. The 7,000-man column consisted of General of Division
1952:. Vol. 5. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole.
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
941:, the French Army of Aragon successfully concluded the
1760:
1758:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1279:, Blake sent Mahy's Murcians on a fruitless march to
4370:
Battles involving the Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)
4265:
4149:
4064:
3899:
3779:
3772:
3652:
3531:
3395:
3224:
3138:
3092:
2841:
2735:
2659:
2553:
2467:
2419:
2410:
2306:
2207:
2198:
1527:
1525:
2034:
1928:The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War
1897:
1877:
1125:and comprised 5,000 men from General of Division
1101:'s French infantry division, General of Brigade
886:. The Spanish attempt to raise the siege of the
4303:England expects that every man will do his duty
1880:Militär-historisches Kriegs-Lexikon (1618-1905)
1229:, José Durán and their guerilla bands attacked
41:
2119:
1105:'s infantry brigade from General of Division
339:
8:
2033:Oman, Sir Charles William Chadwick (1902e).
1165:and the next day was before Sagunto Castle.
3776:
2416:
2204:
2126:
2112:
2104:
1384:favored by Napoleon. Two squadrons of the
1086:Marshal of the Empire Louis Gabriel Suchet
359:Aragon and northeast Spain 1809–1814
346:
332:
324:
38:
4395:Battles inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe
2072:
1950:A History of the Peninsular War Volume V
1662:
1468:
1434:
1161:, brushing aside 500 Spanish troops at
2449:Planned invasion of the United Kingdom
2041:. Vol. V. Oxford: Clarendon Press
1456:
1396:Giuseppe Palombini in Austrian service
4131:Spanish American wars of independence
1836:
1492:
1480:
933:Saguntum and Valencia Order of Battle
27:1811 battle during the Peninsular War
7:
1860:
1848:
1821:
1806:
1791:
1776:
1764:
1749:
1737:
1725:
1710:
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1686:
1674:
1650:
1635:
1623:
1606:
1591:
1579:
1567:
1555:
1543:
1531:
1516:
1504:
4116:Franco-Swedish War (Pomeranian War)
1262:Poles of the Legion of the Vistula
25:
3991:Frederick William III of Prussia
3971:Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly
2060:
1079:
1067:
836:
824:
812:
800:
783:
771:
759:
747:
735:
723:
711:
699:
687:
675:
663:
651:
629:
612:
600:
583:
564:
557:
550:
280:
271:
262:
251:
239:
228:
217:
206:
187:
175:
164:
153:
142:
55:
4111:Russo-Swedish War (Finnish War)
4041:Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
2037:A History of the Peninsular War
4026:Prince Regent John of Portugal
3936:Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
3881:Frederick Augustus I of Saxony
3876:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
1237:with 4,000 guerillas besieged
1040:Bernard-Georges-François Frère
1032:Charles Mathieu Isidore Decaen
991:José Pascual de Zayas y Chacón
989:Miguel Lardizabal y Uribe and
1:
4355:Battles of the Peninsular War
4051:Prince Charles John of Sweden
2018:. New York, N.Y.: Macmillan.
1986:The Napoleonic Wars Data Book
2096:Battle of Arroyo dos Molinos
1896:Esdaile, Charles J. (2003).
1107:Louis François Félix Musnier
1119:Giuseppe Federico Palombini
4411:
3886:Frederick I of Württemberg
2256:Confederation of the Rhine
1967:Phillips, Michael (2007).
1046:under General of Division
945:on 2 January 1811 and the
930:
864:(25 October 1811) saw the
32:Battle of Saguntum (75 BC)
29:
4046:Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden
4036:William, Prince of Orange
3846:Pierre-Charles Villeneuve
2175:French Invasion of Russia
2141:
1177:Sagunto (Saguntum) Castle
958:desired to subjugate the
365:
305:
290:
199:
135:
65:
54:
46:
42:Battle of Saguntum (1811)
18:Battle of Saguntum (1811)
4360:Battles involving France
3956:Archduke John of Austria
3951:Prince von Schwarzenberg
3796:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
1145:with 1,000 soldiers and
4365:Battles involving Spain
3891:Frederick VI of Denmark
3841:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
2631:Greater Poland uprising
2454:Duc d'Enghien Execution
1969:"Ships of the Old Navy"
1876:Bodart, Gaston (1908).
977:According to historian
4011:Ferdinand VII of Spain
2459:Coronation of Napoleon
1904:. Palgrave MacMillan.
1397:
1372:
1351:
1322:
1263:
1239:Ejea de los Caballeros
1235:Francisco Espoz y Mina
1223:
1199:
1178:
1048:Claude Antoine Compère
1006:Nicolás de Mahy y Romo
200:Commanders and leaders
4298:Conference of Dresden
4207:Paris (February 1812)
4136:Swedish–Norwegian War
3961:Alexander I of Russia
1988:. London: Greenhill.
1984:Smith, Digby (1998).
1926:Gates, David (2002).
1395:
1378:Legion of the Vistula
1370:
1349:
1320:
1299:Sylvain Charles Valée
1297:Generals of Division
1261:
1222:Sylvain Charles Valée
1221:
1197:
1176:
1159:Castellón de la Plana
1139:Charles William Doyle
1074:General Joaquín Blake
1016:Honoré Charles Reille
937:Under the command of
868:Army of Aragon under
306:Casualties and losses
301:Andriani: 2,663-3,000
127:French-allied victory
4252:Fontainebleau (1814)
3806:Louis-Nicolas Davout
2727:Invasion of Portugal
2069:at Wikimedia Commons
1380:, an example of the
1321:Pierre-Joseph Habert
1287:HMS Magnificent (74)
1198:Jean Isidore Harispe
1127:Jean Isidore Harispe
1099:Pierre-Joseph Habert
1013:Generals of Division
960:Province of Valencia
939:Louis Gabriel Suchet
911:province of Valencia
873:Louis Gabriel Suchet
854: current battle
485:Massanet de Cabrenys
299:Blake: 23,000-28,000
213:Louis Gabriel Suchet
4385:October 1811 events
4278:Bourbon Restoration
4021:Maria I of Portugal
4006:Prince of Hohenlohe
3996:Gebhard von Blücher
2939:Neumarkt-Sankt Veit
2246:Swiss Confederation
2089:Battle of Saguntum
2016:Napoleon's Marshals
1930:. London: Pimlico.
1839:, pp. 321–322.
1779:, pp. 584–585.
1471:, pp. 372–374.
1269:Charles O'Donnell's
1103:Louis Benoît Robert
1061:The army commanders
909:Suchet invaded the
370:Castelló d'Empúries
316:Battle: 5,700-6,000
104: /
4293:Continental System
4288:Congress of Erfurt
4212:Paris (March 1812)
3986:Peter Wittgenstein
3911:Duke of Wellington
3866:Prince Poniatowski
3831:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
3816:Auguste de Marmont
3211:Arroyo dos Molinos
3059:Walcheren Campaign
3049:Armistice of Znaim
2944:Dalmatian Campaign
2869:Tyrolean Rebellion
2067:Battle of Saguntum
2012:Chandler, David G.
1900:The Peninsular War
1398:
1373:
1352:
1323:
1264:
1224:
1200:
1179:
1003:Lieutenant General
993:, veterans of the
964:Sant Ferran Castle
947:Siege of Tarragona
862:Battle of Saguntum
546:: Aragón Catalonia
318:Siege: 2,663-3,000
224:Giuseppe Palombini
108:39.6833°N 0.2667°W
61:Battle of Saguntum
4375:Conflicts in 1811
4342:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4330:Types of military
4126:Russo-Turkish War
4121:Russo-Persian War
4089:Anglo-Turkish War
4084:Anglo-Swedish War
4079:Anglo-Spanish War
4074:Anglo-Russian War
4001:Duke of Brunswick
3904:political leaders
3784:political leaders
3768:
3767:
2773:Medina de Rioseco
2495:Haslach-Jungingen
2429:French Revolution
2406:
2405:
2189:Seventh Coalition
2102:
2101:
2092:Succeeded by
2065:Media related to
1971:. ageofnelson.org
1863:, pp. 47–48.
1851:, pp. 44–45.
1824:, pp. 44–46.
1809:, pp. 42–43.
1794:, pp. 39–41.
1752:, pp. 36–37.
1740:, pp. 34–35.
1728:, pp. 32–33.
1701:, pp. 30–31.
1689:, pp. 27–29.
1677:, pp. 24–25.
1653:, pp. 21–23.
1609:, pp. 16–17.
1594:, pp. 14–15.
1582:, pp. 10–13.
1247:Mutriku (Motrico)
995:Battle of Albuera
968:Siege of Figueras
538:
537:
385:2nd Molins de Rei
322:
321:
268:Charles O'Donnell
182:Kingdom of Naples
131:
130:
16:(Redirected from
4402:
4106:Dano-Swedish War
4094:Anglo-Danish War
3946:Archduke Charles
3861:Jérôme Bonaparte
3777:
3710:Castel di Sangro
3619:Fère-Champenoise
3272:García Hernández
3186:Fuentes de Oñoro
2702:Guttstadt-Deppen
2439:Second Coalition
2417:
2398:French Royalists
2205:
2154:Fourth Coalition
2128:
2121:
2114:
2105:
2080:Battle of Usagre
2076:Preceded by
2073:
2064:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2040:
2029:
1999:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1963:
1941:
1922:
1920:
1918:
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1892:
1890:
1888:
1883:
1864:
1858:
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1840:
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1520:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
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1484:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1328:Conde de Montijo
1227:Juan Martín Díez
1083:
1071:
1020:Filippo Severoli
943:Siege of Tortosa
853:
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828:
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313:Siege: 420–1,000
285:
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267:
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194:Kingdom of Spain
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160:Kingdom of Italy
158:
157:
147:
146:
119:
118:
116:
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114:
113:39.6833; -0.2667
109:
105:
102:
101:
100:
97:
67:
66:
59:
39:
21:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4400:
4399:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4334:
4261:
4145:
4066:
4060:
4016:Miguel de Álava
3981:Pyotr Bagration
3976:Count Bennigsen
3966:Mikhail Kutuzov
3931:Thomas Cochrane
3903:
3901:
3895:
3856:Louis Bonaparte
3783:
3781:
3780:French and ally
3764:
3648:
3564:Château-Thierry
3527:
3391:
3362:Maloyaroslavets
3220:
3134:
3088:
2879:Yevenes/Yébenes
2837:
2753:Rosily Squadron
2731:
2655:
2621:Waren-Nossentin
2549:
2480:Cape Finisterre
2463:
2434:First Coalition
2412:
2402:
2309:
2302:
2213:
2209:
2200:
2194:
2182:Sixth Coalition
2168:Fifth Coalition
2147:Third Coalition
2137:
2135:Napoleonic Wars
2132:
2093:
2088:
2086:Napoleonic Wars
2077:
2057:
2044:
2042:
2032:
2026:
2009:
2006:
2004:Further reading
1996:
1983:
1974:
1972:
1966:
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1642:
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1622:
1613:
1605:
1598:
1590:
1586:
1578:
1574:
1570:, pp. 8–9.
1566:
1562:
1554:
1550:
1546:, pp. 5–6.
1542:
1538:
1530:
1523:
1515:
1511:
1507:, pp. 1–2.
1503:
1499:
1491:
1487:
1479:
1475:
1467:
1463:
1455:
1436:
1432:
1415:
1350:Józef Chłopicki
1340:Józef Chłopicki
1315:
1171:
1149:with 500 more.
1147:Oropesa del Mar
1091:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1084:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1063:
1062:
1056:
952:marshal's baton
935:
929:
924:
896:Napoleonic Wars
881:Captain General
866:Imperial French
858:
857:
856:
855:
851:
848:
847:
843:
841:
834:
831:
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641:
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562:
555:
547:
539:
534:
361:
358:
354:
352:
317:
312:
300:
279:
278:
277:Nicolás de Mahy
270:
269:
261:
260:
250:
238:
237:
235:Józef Chłopicki
227:
226:
216:
215:
205:
186:
174:
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171:Duchy of Warsaw
163:
162:
152:
151:
141:
112:
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106:
103:
98:
95:
93:
91:
90:
89:
73:25 October 1811
60:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4408:
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4398:
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4392:
4387:
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4327:
4325:Longwood House
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4321:
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4305:
4300:
4295:
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4285:
4280:
4275:
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4146:
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4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4070:
4068:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4031:Count of Feira
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3926:Horatio Nelson
3923:
3918:
3913:
3907:
3905:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3836:Marshal Victor
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3787:
3785:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3763:
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3757:
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3737:
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3727:
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3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3614:Arcis-sur-Aube
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3535:
3533:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3520:
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3505:
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3490:
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3425:
3420:
3415:
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3405:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3357:Venta del Pozo
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
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2283:Denmark–Norway
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2161:Peninsular War
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2055:External links
2053:
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1495:, p. 365.
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1473:
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1303:Joseph Rogniat
1271:troops out of
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987:Major Generals
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894:, part of the
892:Peninsular War
888:Sagunto Castle
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4266:Miscellaneous
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3941:Manuel Lapeña
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3821:André Masséna
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2211:client states
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2025:0-02-905930-5
2021:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1995:1-85367-276-9
1991:
1987:
1982:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1959:1-85367-225-4
1955:
1951:
1947:
1946:Oman, Charles
1943:
1939:
1937:0-7126-9730-6
1933:
1929:
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1911:9781403962317
1907:
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1767:, p. 38.
1766:
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1713:, p. 26.
1712:
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1663:Phillips 2007
1659:
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1638:, p. 19.
1637:
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1626:, p. 18.
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1274:
1270:
1260:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1252:HMS Iris (44)
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1204:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1175:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1155:Mijares River
1150:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1082:
1070:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
975:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
948:
944:
940:
934:
926:
921:
919:
916:
912:
907:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
884:Joaquín Blake
882:
878:
874:
871:
867:
863:
845:
839:
827:
815:
803:
786:
774:
762:
750:
738:
726:
714:
702:
690:
678:
666:
654:
632:
615:
603:
586:
560:
553:
545:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
515:2nd Tarragona
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
460:1st Tarragona
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
367:
364:
357:
349:
344:
342:
337:
335:
330:
329:
326:
315:
311:Battle: 1,000
310:
309:
304:
298:
296:18,000–20,000
295:
294:
289:
286:Luis Andriani
283:
274:
265:
259:
258:Joaquín Blake
254:
249:
247:
242:
236:
231:
225:
220:
214:
209:
204:
203:
198:
195:
190:
185:
183:
178:
172:
167:
161:
156:
150:
149:French Empire
145:
140:
139:
134:
126:
123:
122:
117:
88:
84:
80:
77:
76:
72:
69:
68:
64:
58:
53:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
4313:Grande Armée
4273:Bibliography
4257:Paris (1815)
4217:Paris (1814)
4202:Paris (1810)
4182:Finckenstein
4157:Campo Formio
3916:Rowland Hill
3902:military and
3782:military and
3755:Rocquencourt
3624:Saint-Dizier
3594:Bar-sur-Aube
3549:Mincio River
3205:
3044:Schöngrabern
2823:2nd Zaragoza
2763:1st Zaragoza
2717:Stralsund II
2566:Campo Tenese
2540:Schöngrabern
2525:Cape Ortegal
2475:Diamond Rock
2353:Papal States
2187:
2180:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2145:
2094:
2085:
2078:
2043:. Retrieved
2036:
2015:
1985:
1973:. Retrieved
1949:
1927:
1915:. Retrieved
1899:
1885:. Retrieved
1879:
1856:
1844:
1772:
1745:
1733:
1706:
1694:
1682:
1670:
1658:
1631:
1587:
1575:
1563:
1558:, p. 7.
1551:
1539:
1534:, p. 4.
1519:, p. 3.
1512:
1500:
1488:
1476:
1469:Esdaile 2003
1464:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1374:
1357:
1353:
1335:
1332:
1324:
1307:
1296:
1285:
1265:
1250:
1225:
1205:
1201:
1184:coup de main
1180:
1151:
1131:
1092:
1026:and western
1010:
979:Charles Oman
976:
936:
908:
879:army led by
861:
859:
525:3rd Zaragoza
510:2nd Castalla
505:1st Castalla
479:
136:Belligerents
36:
4141:War of 1812
4099:Gunboat War
4056:Louis XVIII
3811:Jean Lannes
3725:Quatre Bras
3715:San Germano
3665:Occhiobello
3554:Champaubert
3544:La Rothière
3468:San Marcial
3352:2nd Polotsk
3317:1st Polotsk
3302:Majadahonda
3242:Villagarcia
3171:Campo Maior
2959:Piave River
2884:Ciudad Real
2874:Villafranca
2743:Dos de Mayo
2692:Stralsund I
2444:18 Brumaire
2378:Netherlands
2276:Württemberg
1975:23 February
1457:Bodart 1908
1386:4th Hussars
1382:mixed order
1044:Neapolitans
875:fighting a
440:San Quintín
111: /
4349:Categories
4283:Casualties
4197:Schönbrunn
4172:Artlenburg
3921:John Moore
3826:Michel Ney
3695:Scapezzano
3685:Cesenatico
3629:Montmartre
3559:Montmirail
3493:Wartenburg
3448:Großbeeren
3307:Gorodechno
3297:Klyastitsy
3277:Saltanovka
3166:Casal Novo
3039:Hollabrunn
3024:Korneuburg
2818:Somosierra
2722:Copenhagen
2545:Austerlitz
2535:Dürenstein
2271:Westphalia
2214:and allies
1870:References
1837:Gates 2002
1493:Smith 1998
1481:Smith 1998
1273:Benaguasil
1163:Villarreal
1054:Operations
954:. Emperor
922:Background
465:Montserrat
435:Mequinenza
410:Hostalrich
390:3rd Gerona
96:39°41′00″N
4247:Casalanza
4222:Tauroggen
4177:Pressburg
4162:Lunéville
4067:conflicts
3900:Coalition
3750:La Suffel
3700:Tolentino
3584:Montereau
3569:Vauchamps
3518:Bornhöved
3473:Dennewitz
3418:Tarragona
3367:Chashniki
3267:Salamanca
3191:Tarragona
3115:Barquilla
3069:Almonacid
3029:Stockerau
2999:Stralsund
2969:2nd Porto
2949:Ebelsberg
2919:Abensberg
2889:1st Porto
2849:Castellón
2833:Benavente
2798:Valmaseda
2712:Friedland
2707:Heilsberg
2677:Ostrołęka
2667:Mohrungen
2601:Magdeburg
2530:Amstetten
2515:Trafalgar
2500:Elchingen
2485:Wertingen
2383:Brunswick
2308:Coalition
1948:(1996) .
1861:Oman 1996
1849:Oman 1996
1822:Oman 1996
1807:Oman 1996
1792:Oman 1996
1777:Oman 1996
1765:Oman 1996
1750:Oman 1996
1738:Oman 1996
1726:Oman 1996
1711:Oman 1996
1699:Oman 1996
1687:Oman 1996
1675:Oman 1996
1651:Oman 1996
1636:Oman 1996
1624:Oman 1996
1607:Oman 1996
1592:Oman 1996
1580:Oman 1996
1568:Oman 1996
1556:Oman 1996
1544:Oman 1996
1532:Oman 1996
1517:Oman 1996
1505:Oman 1996
1361:rearguard
1336:Napoleone
1231:Calatayud
1213:guerillas
1188:Murviedro
1143:Peniscola
1036:miquelets
983:Tarragona
500:Altafulla
445:La Bisbal
99:0°16′00″W
4318:Uniforms
4232:Chaumont
4150:Treaties
3851:Joseph I
3791:Napoleon
3735:Waterloo
3675:Casaglia
3639:Toulouse
3523:Sehested
3498:Bidassoa
3478:2nd Kulm
3463:1st Kulm
3453:Katzbach
3443:Sorauren
3438:Pyrenees
3403:Castalla
3387:Berezina
3377:Smoliani
3347:Tarutino
3332:Borodino
3322:Valutino
3312:Smolensk
3282:Ostrovno
3252:Maguilla
3216:Valencia
3206:Saguntum
3054:Talavera
2934:Ratisbon
2924:Landshut
2899:Bergisel
2894:Medellín
2808:Espinosa
2768:Valencia
2641:Czarnowo
2611:Pasewalk
2606:Prenzlau
2581:Saalfeld
2520:Caldiero
2490:Günzburg
2368:Sardinia
2343:Portugal
1292:Almenara
972:Valencia
956:Napoleon
904:Valencia
637:Saguntum
620:Valencia
591:Castalla
574:125miles
495:Alicante
490:Valencia
480:Saguntum
470:Figueras
405:Belchite
291:Strength
78:Location
47:Part of
4390:Sagunto
4065:Related
3644:Bayonne
3609:Craonne
3579:Mormant
3539:Brienne
3513:Nivelle
3503:Leipzig
3458:Dresden
3428:Vitoria
3413:Bautzen
3382:Krasnoi
3327:Mesoten
3287:Vitebsk
3247:Almaraz
3237:Badajoz
3196:Albuera
3181:Almeida
3176:Sabugal
3161:Redinha
3151:Barrosa
3130:Bussaco
3125:Almeida
3105:Astorga
3074:Tamames
3034:Gefrees
2989:Alcañiz
2929:Eckmühl
2859:Corunna
2828:Sahagún
2793:Zornoza
2788:Vimeiro
2758:Cabezón
2682:Kolberg
2651:Pułtusk
2646:Golymin
2636:Hamelin
2616:Stettin
2576:Schleiz
2421:Prelude
2413:battles
2388:Hanover
2333:Prussia
2323:Austria
2261:Bavaria
2241:Etruria
2236:Holland
2208:France,
2201:gerents
2014:(ed.).
1209:Segorbe
1135:Sagunto
1115:Morella
1111:Alcañiz
1095:Tortosa
1024:Navarre
915:Colonel
900:Sagunto
877:Spanish
870:Marshal
475:Cervera
450:Tortosa
425:Manresa
395:Alcañiz
83:Sagunto
4242:Mantua
4192:Cintra
4187:Tilsit
4167:Amiens
3705:Ancona
3690:Pesaro
3660:Panaro
3589:Orthez
3574:Garris
3488:Roßlau
3483:Göhrde
3423:Luckau
3408:Lützen
3372:Vyazma
3342:Burgos
3337:Moscow
3292:Kobryn
3201:Usagre
3156:Pombal
3146:Gebora
3019:Wagram
2979:Tarvis
2954:Girona
2914:Raszyn
2904:Sacile
2813:Tudela
2803:Burgos
2783:Roliça
2778:Bailén
2697:Mileto
2687:Danzig
2626:Lübeck
2591:Erfurt
2510:Verona
2393:Nassau
2373:Sweden
2363:Persia
2348:Sicily
2328:Russia
2310:forces
2293:Persia
2266:Saxony
2251:Naples
2221:France
2199:Belli-
2045:24 May
2022:
1992:
1956:
1934:
1917:24 May
1908:
1887:24 May
1413:Result
1313:Battle
1281:Cuenca
1277:Madrid
1243:Ayerbe
1123:Teruel
1028:Aragon
927:Armies
852:
455:El Pla
430:Lérida
415:Mollet
380:Monzón
124:Result
4308:Films
3740:Wavre
3730:Ligny
3720:Gaeta
3680:Ronco
3670:Carpi
3634:Paris
3604:Reims
3508:Hanau
3100:Cádiz
3079:Ocaña
3064:Ölper
3009:María
2974:Wörgl
2964:Grijó
2864:Valls
2854:Uclés
2748:Bruch
2672:Eylau
2596:Halle
2571:Maida
2561:Gaeta
2411:Major
2338:Spain
2298:Spain
2231:Italy
1430:Notes
1169:Siege
999:Cádiz
791:María
572:200km
530:Ordal
400:María
375:Valls
87:Spain
4237:Kiel
4227:Ried
3773:Info
3760:Issy
3653:1815
3599:Laon
3532:1814
3396:1813
3262:Ekau
3225:1812
3139:1811
3093:1810
3014:Graz
3004:Raab
2842:1809
2736:1808
2660:1807
2554:1806
2468:1805
2047:2021
2020:ISBN
1990:ISBN
1977:2018
1954:ISBN
1932:ISBN
1919:2021
1906:ISBN
1889:2021
1301:and
1113:and
1018:and
860:The
70:Date
3257:Mir
3120:Côa
2505:Ulm
1022:in
420:Vic
4351::
1829:^
1814:^
1799:^
1784:^
1757:^
1718:^
1643:^
1614:^
1599:^
1524:^
1437:^
1294:.
1215:.
906:.
898:.
719:10
707:11
695:12
683:13
671:14
659:15
647:16
642:17
625:18
608:19
596:20
579:21
85:,
2127:e
2120:t
2113:v
2049:.
2028:.
1998:.
1979:.
1962:.
1940:.
1921:.
1891:.
1665:.
832:1
820:2
808:3
796:4
779:5
767:6
755:7
743:8
731:9
347:e
340:t
333:v
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
