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Rhone, where naturalized Franks had settled down decades or centuries before. After Odo originally fled, the
Umayyads became overconfident, and instead of maintaining strong outer defenses around their siege camp, and continuously scouting, did neither. Thus, when Odo returned, he was able to launch an assault on the siege force, both from behind and from forces within the walls. The surprised Umayyads scattered with the first attack. Odo's forces cut down those that were resting or fled without weapons or armour.
146:
32:
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Odo returned three months later with
Aquitanian, Gascon, and Frankish troops, and just as the city was about to surrender, attacked the Umayyad invasion force on June 9. The exact origin of the Frankish troops is not certain, but they may have hailed from southern Aquitanian areas, e.g., in the Lower
580:
sense in that it gave
Charles Martel badly needed time to strengthen his grip on power and build the veteran army which stood him in such good stead eleven years later at Tours. The eleven years between Toulouse and Tours without question gave him time to fully secure power, inspire the loyalty of
513:
had sent Odo "three blessed sponges/baskets of bread" in 720, which the Duke kept until just before the engagement. He distributed small portions of these to be eaten by his troops at
Toulouse, and after the battle, it was reported that no one who had eaten the bread had been killed or wounded.
533:
Odo's victory earned him widespread renown in
Aquitaine and recognition abroad. He was hailed as champion of Christianity by the Pope in Rome, and was presented with gifts. Charles steered clear of the political and military developments in the south of Gaul for another 10 years, until 732.
496:(721â725) as governor. The number of soldiers who engaged in the battle has been grossly inflated to about 300,000 on Odo's side (Al-Maqqari), and a death-toll of 375,000 on the assaulting Umayyad troops. The figures give a rough idea of the scale of the confrontation. In a letter to
526:. However, the clash halted indefinitely the Umayyad expansion northwards. Al-Andalus was at the time re-organising into a new post-Gothic order. The Umayyads kept the military initiative raiding several times the south of Gaul (up to
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Arab historians agree that the Battle of
Toulouse was a total disaster for the Arabs. After the defeat, some Umayyad officials and soldiers managed to escape, among them
875:
265:
569:), but this is highly problematic: for even had the Arabs won at Toulouse, they still would have had to conquer the Franks to retain control of the region.
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of
Toulouse; others attach that name exclusively to the Battle of Poitiers (Tours). According to Meadows, it would be still remembered in memorials by
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Some historians believe that the Battle of
Toulouse halted the Muslim conquest of Europe even more than the laterâand more celebratedâ
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History of the
Conquest of Spain by the Arab Moors, With a Sketch of the Civilization Which They Achieved, and Imparted to Europe
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Al-Samh ibn Malik al-Khawlani managed to get away with a fraction of his forces, but died shortly thereafter, leaving
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Watson, William E., "The Battle of Tours-Poitiers
Revisited", Providence: Studies in Western Civilization, 2 (1993)
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Ian Meadows, "The Arabs in Occitania", Arab and Islamic Cultures and Connections, Archive: Saudi Aramco World
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Al-Samh's army included siege engines, infantry, a few horsemen and a number of mercenaries, as well as
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However, others (e.g. Archibald Lewis, Roger Collins, etc.) hold that Umayyad attacks were raids or
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his troops, and, most importantly, drill the core of veterans who stood so stoutly in 732.
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391:. The decisive Aquitanian victory checked the spread of Umayyad control westward from
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500:, Odo said he had killed 375,000 Saracens in one day and lost 1,500 of his men.
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Martin, Robert W. "The Battle of Tours is still felt today", from about.com
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in 725), but avoided new serious campaigns into the north-west.
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607:" by many Western and European authors and academic figures.
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Baker, Patrick S. (2013). "The Battle of the River Berre".
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Tours,Poiters, from "Leaders and Battles Database" online.
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Santosuosso, Anthony, Barbarians, Marauders, and Infidels
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A miracle is associated with the battle according to the
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Muslims for the following 450 years, as opposed to the
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Military history of Occitania (administrative region)
603:, Martel was hailed in later times as the "savior of
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While Odo faded into history after his 732 defeat at
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Some authors have called the fateful engagement the
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56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
448:and back south through Muslim-ruled Iberia to the
420:, a large duchy in the southwest of modern-day
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667:, lifted the siege. Eudo's army decimated the
572:However, nearly all historians agree that the
801:Hooker, Richard. "Civil War and the Umayyads"
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19:For other battles with the same name, see
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588:, like the one reaching as far north as
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549:, held as a battle smaller in scale.
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797:Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
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153:seen from the hills of Pech-David
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41:needs additional citations for
772:University of California Press
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906:720s in the Umayyad Caliphate
675:and drove the survivors from
404:Al-Samh ibn Malik al-Khawlani
379:al-Samh ibn Malik al-Khawlani
230:Al-Samh ibn Malik al-Khawlani
65:"Battle of Toulouse" 721
891:Military history of Toulouse
641:(2). Karwansaray BV: 44â48.
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494:Anbasa ibn Suhaym Al-Kalbi
354:(721) was a victory of an
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659:After three months,
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309:River Garonne (732)
842:43.6000°N 1.4500°E
720:Mann, pgs. 165â166
547:Battle of Poitiers
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48:Please help
43:verification
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845: /
709:Nelson 2019
477:Merovingian
434:Ian Meadows
334:NĂŽmes (737)
314:Tours (732)
860:Categories
830:43°36â˛00âłN
553:Discussion
543:Al-Andalus
414:al-Andalus
389:al-Andalus
356:Aquitanian
165:9 June 721
76:newspapers
833:1°27â˛00âłE
733:(2002) .
677:Aquitaine
671:, killed
647:2211-5129
611:Citations
574:Christian
518:Aftermath
418:Aquitaine
377:, led by
359:Christian
106:July 2014
655:48578218
601:Bordeaux
567:Poitiers
465:Toulouse
442:Toulouse
393:Narbonne
375:Toulouse
369:over an
175:Toulouse
170:Location
151:Toulouse
673:As-Sahm
586:razzias
252:Unknown
249:Unknown
236:†
183:Francia
90:scholar
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461:Basque
422:France
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651:JSTOR
590:Autun
563:Tours
528:Autun
473:Eudes
97:JSTOR
83:books
809:ISBN
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739:ISBN
643:ISSN
565:and
452:and
409:wÄli
384:wÄli
350:The
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69:news
896:721
52:by
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