1172:
counterattack. Despite the huge overwhelming force against him, Bem held his ground for an hour, and although he made the
Imperial troops in front of him repeatedly stop, and even retreat from time to time, his handful of troops, which at the order of their commander, leave their defensive positions, now exposed in the open field, began to crumble under the pressure of the huge overwhelming force, and although his right flank remained in position, first the left, then the center's infantry started to run. In spite of the infantry's routing, the commander-in-chief, with his, now unprotected batteries, held his position for some time. At one moment Bem asked one of his soldiers to bring to him an enemy cannonball which hit the ground near him, he observed the ball, and said in French that this was an eight-pounder cannonball, which was not used by the Austrians, but by the Russians, so the enemy is shooting at him with Russian guns. At this moment he finally ordered the general retreat. When the order reached the right wing, which, despite being attacked by overwhelming forces, among them Puchner's almost entire cavalry, until then repelled all the Austrian charges, Petőfi was still ordering the hussars to attack. As a result of this, one part of the right wing was still attacking, while the other started to attack. Only after everybody understood that Bem's order was to retreat, all the troops from here, fell back.
1160:, who was then a captain in Bem's army, was riding on the right wing and was encouraging the troops from here, who were fighting valiantly. This fight went on for two hours, during which time Bem's artillery held its own so well that the batteries of the imperial central column began to waver. Seeing this, at 11 a.m., Major Zsurmay, with the 4th Honvéd Battalion and the Kress Cuirassiers, launched a decisive attack against Puchner's right flank column, forcing it to retreat to the heights, leaving behind many dead and wounded, several guns and carts full of ammunition; whose example was soon followed also by Stutterheim's brigade from the Austrian center, which started to retreat as well. Bem, taking advantage of the favourable turn of events, and despite the objections of his officers, abandoned his advantageous position and immediately set off with all his artillery in pursuit of the Imperials, but now Puchner personally intervened, stopped his retreating troops on the hills;e massed all his artillery on the heights; ordering the infantry to a new attack on behind a hill and after a harsh cannonade ordered the Urraca grenadier battalion, which was still in reserve, and the Parma and Tursky battalions to counter-attack, with a bayonet charge against the single line of Hungarian infantry.
1232:
1220:. The squadron of Colonle Losenau with 9 guns, which tried to pursue the Hungarians were repulsed by Bem's remaining artillerists, who also destroyed the bridges and roads to slow them down. There is no doubt that in the event of a vigorous pursuit, Bem's army would have had hardly any troops left, but fortunately the imperials, because of the heavy snow which made it difficult for the cavalry to quickly advance, did not interfere much with the flight of the broken Hungarian army. About 2 hours after the fighting had ended, Colonel Losenau was ordered to give chase with 2 1/3 battalions, 2 companies of cavalry and 1 1/2 batteries, which column reached Kisapold in the evening without reaching the retreating Hungarians, and because of the extreme cold and the exhaustion of the troops, he gave up further pursuit. On the day of the battle, most of the Austrian army advanced as far as Toporcsa (a village near Vízakna), where they spent the night.
1041:, from which it was to turn off towards the north-eastern exit of Vízakna, sending out patrols towards Szelindek. The remainder of the corps did not depart until 6 a.m. The Center column of Stutterheim advanced on the Nagyenyed road, took position to fight in the center and with Riebel's column secured the connection with the 3rd battalion of the Sivkovich regiment. The left wing column of Kalliány advanced on the main road on the same line with the Stutterheim brigade, while the reserve column of Coppet followed by the Kalliány Brigade. Losenau's cavalry brigade was advancing on the back road west of the main road, was posted behind the left flank during the battle, to be used later as a separate cavalry brigade if required. Finally, a very considerable number of Romanian insurgents (probably several thousand), in order to secure the left flank of the corps, occupied the
1240:
920:
1152:
fire, rode forward almost to the battle line and watched the battle. The superior
Imperial artillery, at the beginning, tried, but without much success, to destroy the much inferior Hungarian artillery positioned in the Hungarian center, which not only responded effectively to them, but even caused losses to the Austrian guns positioned against the right flank. Bem's guns hit and destroyed 3-4 Austrian ammunition vagons, causing further losses and panic among the enemy. According to the recollections of Hungarian soldiers, the gunmen spotted Puchner among the enemy officers, and told to Bem, that they want to shot at him, but the Polish general convinced them not to do su, because:
1200:
this, the confused and disordered train blocked the exits of Vízakna when the
Hungarians tried to retreat, and only a small part of the artillery was able to make its way through. In one of the streets of the town, the escape of the soldiers, stuck because of the piled-up cannons and carts, was made even more difficult by the fact that their rifles had run out of ammunition, so the Hussars who came close to them gave them their own cartridges, which they used to repel the attack of the Austrian grenadiers, giving them time to escape by pulling away the vagons from their way. The completely scattered Hungarian army retreated in a mad dash through Toporcsa-
1164:
1180:
1136:
134:
36:
2258:
1132:
formation as follows: on the left flank, under Major
Zsurmay, 2 companies of the 4th Honvéd battalion, 1 company of the Vilmos-Hussars, 1 company of the Kress-cuirassiers and 4 guns; on the right flank, under Major Gergely Bethlen, the 31st Honvéd Battalion, one company of the Matthias Hussars and 4 cannons. The remainder of the army, i.e. Kemény's battalion, 4 companies of the 4-th Honvéd Battalion, the Vienna Legion and some guns, under Bem's personal command, took up their positions in the center.
2142:
108:
755:
2086:
184:
120:
1147:, in a huge front line, while Bem organised his small army into a single skirmish line, to prevent the enemy from encircling, leaving only a platoon at the banners of every unit, as reserves. Bem's troops waited until the enemy arrived within range of the guns and riffles, then wreaked havoc on the masses of the enemy battalions, while the Austrian guns found it harder to hit the Hungarian infantry moving in a thin line, which forced the enemy line to retreat with a
146:
792:. Lüders, however, only offered to intervene on behalf of his government on condition that the commander of the Habsburg troops formally requested it, which Puchner did by decision of the council of war he had convened. The Russians, of course, were happy to help - in fact, Nicholas I (r. 1825–1855) first wanted to send an intervention army of 20,000 troops to Transylvania - but to avoid international complications, the Tsarist forces only invaded
825:
676:
637:(Four days the cannons roared...) in which he described the battle. The Austrian forces, who had a significant numerical superiority, were victorious, almost entirely destroying the Hungarian army. Unfortunately after the battle many Hungarian soldiers who could not retreat with the troops, or remained wounded on the battlefield, were killed by the Austrians and their Romanian militia allies, as an act of
166:
1252:
the 50 wounded
Hungarian soldiers sent from Vízakna to Szászsebes were killed by Saxon insurgents. After the battle, 300 dead and still living wounded soldiers were thrown into the salt mines of Vízakna, from where their bodies, preserved intact by the salt, were removed in 1894. All these killings among the Hungarian soldiers can be considered
1195:
At the same time, Puchner's grenadiers rushed down the hill and began to fortify themselves in front of the salt mines, led by the
Austrian commander-in-chief Puchner himself. The natural consequence was that Bem's troops were forced to retreat from their original position at the start of the battle.
1171:
At the same time, the Riebel column, reinforced with the
Sivkovich battalion, also counterattacked. According to the Transylvanian historian Ákos Egyed, this was a premeditated stratagem by Puchner, who had earlier already arranged his troops in advantageous positions in preparation for the Hungarian
1251:
After the battle, both in Vízakna and the following day in Szászsebes, the
Austrians and the Romanian troops who fought together with them, massacred the wounded Hungarian soldiers, or those who had survived the battle, and tried to hide in the houses or the salt mines near the town. The majority of
783:
to contain the revolutionary movements there, which, in view of the events in
Transylvania and Hungary, was left in the said provinces for the duration of the Hungarian War of Independence. Puchner intended to use the intervention of this foreign force, but to make things look less compromising for
1260:
the
Romanian authorities newly installed in Transylvania, demolished this monument. Not only the Hungarian soldiers fell victims to the atrocities of the Austrian soldiers and Romanian and Saxon insurgents, but also the Hungarian inhabitants of the city. Puchner allowed 2 hours of free looting for
820:
As soon as the Russian troops were certain to enter Transylvania, Puchner decided to attack Bem with all the imperial troops at his disposal, and to this end, he assembled his forces in the night of February 3 to 4 in the suburbs of Nagyszeben, from where he began the advance at dawn. To carry the
1199:
15 of his guns could no longer be saved, largely due to the fact that, prior to the battle, Bem had given strict orders to his headquarters commander, Major Bayer, in case of retreat, not to send away the troop's carriages until he had received a personal order from him (Bem) to do so. Because of
1151:
charge. At first, Puchner didn't believed that Bem's army was so small, thinking that most of the Hungarian army was at Vízakna, and fearing a trick, did not launch a decisive attack. Meanwhile, according to the recollection of Hussar Sándor Imre, Bem, ignoring the enemy's rifle shots and cannon
1131:
At about 8 (9) o'clock in the morning the imperial columns arrived at the Vízakna Plateau in front of Bem's advance line. The approaching of the Austrian troops were first observed by the soldiers of Major Kálmán Csutak, who reported this to Bem, at which the latter deployed his troops in battle
1247:
Bem's army was reduced to 1,500 men, badly exhausted by the battle of Vízakna; his guns were down to six (two of which, captured for a short time by the enemy, then recaptured, being nailed by the Austrians, in order to make them unusable), and his ammunition was almost completely exhausted. In
762:
Bem retreated from the vicinity of Nagyszeben to Vízakna with Kemény, the latter continuing his way with his detachment towards Déva. After the defeat at Szelindek, Puchner no longer had confidence that he could deliver a decisive blow to Bem with the forces at his disposal, and so, since the
1119:
which departed to help Bem, encountered a detachment of Russian troops which were sent from Brassó, which forced the leader of the Székely land army, Colonel Sándor Gál, to order his troops back, fearing that the unprotected Háromszék would be attacked by Russian and Austrian troops.
1248:
addition to the lost 15 guns and 9 ammunition wagons, the enemy also captured almost the entire supply trains and part of the documents of the army's operations bureau, with the treasury. The imperial losses were: 3 officers and 89 soldiers dead, 3 officers and 137 soldiers wounded.
653:
Józef Bem as a general of the Hungarian army of Transylvania, as he launched an unexpected attack against the Austrian and Romanian troops advancing towards the Hungarian Plain, trying to attack from the east Hungary, which was attacked at the same time by the Austrian main army of
1271:
After the arrival of Russian help and the defeat at Vízakna, it seemed that Bem, pressed by the Austrian army and the Romanian popular uprising, had no chance of victory. His only option was to try to make his way west and join the reinforcements sent to Transylvania by General
1256:. As a result of these atrocities, the number of the Hungarian casualties in Bem's army rose to 569 dead. On 10 August 1896 a marble monument was erected at the salt mine in which the bodies were found, as a homage to the victims of the battle, but in 1920, after the
1103:
With this handful of troops, Bem intended to hold out against Puchner until the reinforcements arrived at Vízakna, where his troops built strong entrenchments. For a while Bem hoped that troops would arrive from Székely land to reinforce his troops, but the
1192:, Major Simon Simonyi, rode there at the decisive moment, shoot two privates with his pistol, and cut the officer's helmet in two, whereupon the Viennese legion formed a circle around Bem, and chased the rest of the cuirassiers away.
1280:
river. Although Bem bore a heavy responsibility for the defeat at Vízakna, in the following weeks he showed his extraordinary qualities as a commander, because, after further bloody battles, by 9 February he had successfully reached
1231:
1175:
Puchner's right wing and center, using the advantage gained, attacked together the Hungarian center with such force that it soon retreated to its former position, and then was forced to flee also from there after a short time.
276:
751:, to wait there for the relief troops sent from Hungary then return in quick marches, or to wait at Déva for Bem along the Transylvanian-Hungarian border in the case if he was forced to retreat by Puchner.
1187:
An imperial cuirassier unit approached Bem, recognizing him, their officer with some commoners surrounded the commander of the Hungarian army trying to take him prisoner, but Lieutenant Colonel Czetz's
641:. With this defeat, all of Bem's previously gained achievements were put in jeopardy, but Bem's skillful operations in the following weeks turned the struggle for Transylvania back in his favour.
1735:
1887:
269:
2369:
649:
After the Hungarian armies were driven out of Transylvania in October–November 1848, an important turning point in the Hungarian War of Independence was the appointment of the
1060:
Bem, after he unnecessarily sent away Kemény's brigade, had only 3 battalions, the same number of cavalry companies and 4 batteries left, and their number was according to
699:
and then turning south to win a decisive victory over Lieutenant General Anton Puchner, the main commander of the Austrian armies from Transylvania. In January 1849, the
262:
2379:
1843:
1719:
1706:
1680:
1667:
1654:
1634:
1621:
1608:
1566:
1546:
1496:
1239:
919:
626:
1264:
The dramatism of the battle of Vízakna was described by the Hungarian poet Sándor Petőfi, who as mentioned above, fought in this bloody battle, in his poem
1880:
1831:
723:
on 24 January, and forced him to retreat back to where he came from. After this successful battle, Bem sent Major Farkas Kemény with the 11th and 55th
2043:
1057:
valley. A source, probable including also the number of the Romanian insurgents, shows Puchner's army as being 12,000 combatants and 42 (45) guns.
2120:
2308:
2130:
2064:
1873:
1798:
658:
2374:
1163:
1179:
1135:
2074:
719:. This was Bem's first defeat in Transylvania. After his victory at Nagyszeben, Puchner launched an attack, but Bem defeated him in the
595:
35:
2364:
1985:
570:
535:
1635:
http://real-eod.mtak.hu/5664/1/184849SzabadsagharcKossuthEmigracio_0451_1848-49-iki_szabadsagharcz_alatti_esemenyek_Vizaknan_1031.pdf
1776:
2320:
1990:
1980:
784:
the Habsburg empire, the letter of invitation was written not in his name, as a general of the Austrian army, but on behalf of the
540:
490:
2384:
1268:... (Four days the cannons roared...). The poem highlights the heroism of General Bem, praising him with admiration and respect.
1123:
So Bem's small army, who was waiting for the Székelys in vain, built their positions in the abandoned salt mines around Vízakna.
2181:
1228:
In the battle 349 Hungarians were killed and 132 wounded, and Bem himself was shot in the left hand. 52 horses were also lost.
320:
1116:
550:
480:
465:
310:
1037:
Karl Riebel's right wing column had been sent forward in the early hours of the morning of 4 February on the old road to
669:
1896:
614:
325:
305:
286:
112:
27:
1854:
1480:
455:
515:
470:
2359:
445:
2216:
2100:
565:
763:
Austrian Minister of War could not send reinforcements, he looked in another direction to obtain relief troops.
716:
2257:
1997:
700:
475:
450:
530:
2267:
2110:
2069:
1915:
780:
585:
420:
405:
340:
68:
2141:
2095:
485:
435:
395:
107:
41:
2241:
1235:
Dr. Henrik König dissecting a honvéd's body preserved in the salt mines of Vízakna. Történelmi Lapok 1894
720:
2297:
2022:
2012:
683:
With his characteristic steadfastness and speed, Bem cut the imperial front in two on 23 December near
580:
560:
375:
2226:
754:
2002:
1972:
1305:
as this battalion appears also among the battalions of the Center, it could be an error in the source
785:
764:
510:
495:
440:
400:
300:
150:
2166:
2027:
2017:
1962:
1957:
590:
575:
545:
410:
360:
330:
2115:
1810:"A vízaknai csata 1849. február 4-én és Petőfi Sándor ("The Battle of Vízakna and Sándor Petőfi")"
1157:
630:
2292:
2176:
2105:
1920:
1205:
797:
740:
662:
390:
345:
76:
2221:
2211:
2186:
2161:
2151:
2085:
1273:
525:
183:
119:
2277:
1794:
1772:
1257:
809:
622:
500:
430:
365:
350:
315:
174:
2246:
2196:
1967:
1277:
505:
460:
385:
1809:
1590:
1533:
748:
2231:
2048:
2007:
1910:
1286:
520:
425:
380:
355:
124:
2201:
1276:, but he still had to fight a bloody rearguard action against the imperialists along the
1113:
949:
704:
877:
Leader: Colonel Baron Johann Nepomuk Franz Joseph Karl Leopold Freiherr von Stutterheim
824:
758:
The Hungarian army's campaign in Transylvania between 19 December 1848 - 9 February 1849
2282:
2272:
2236:
1925:
1109:
1061:
1016:
929:
688:
675:
555:
370:
1427:
1335:
2353:
2206:
2191:
1144:
861:
744:
732:
708:
655:
650:
64:
2287:
2171:
2125:
1189:
942:
839:
665:
72:
2156:
707:, and then defeated Puchner, who was in an increasingly desperate situation, near
618:
170:
1154:
in his place, a wiser general will be sent, who will not be so easily dealt with.
1693:
1637:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán] Budapest, 1880, pp. 146
335:
1865:
1261:
his soldiers among the Hungarians, but the pillaging continued that night too.
617:
fought on 4 February 1849 between the Hungarian army led by the Polish General
254:
1941:
1253:
973:
712:
2335:
2322:
633:
participated in the battle in the Hungarian army, then wrote a poem entitled
1213:
1006:
789:
776:
724:
638:
165:
138:
1336:
A szelindeki ütközet (1849. január 24-én). A magyar nemzet hadtörténete XXI
1209:
793:
1243:
The monument of the victims of the Battle of Vízakna destroyed after 1918
1201:
1046:
885:
772:
711:. The imperial commander-in-chief was forced back to his headquarters in
696:
692:
923:
Bem's and Puchner's fights around Nagyszeben until the battle of Vízakna
1428:
A Vízaknai csata (1849. február 4-én). A magyar nemzet hadtörténete XXI
1282:
1217:
1148:
1105:
854:
850:
805:
736:
728:
80:
1855:"Bem vereséget szenved Vízakna mellett ("Bem is Defeated at Vízakna")"
1793:(in Hungarian). Csíkszereda: Pallas-Akadémia Könyvkiadó. p. 616.
1289:
over the Austrians, turning again the course of events in his favor.
1077:
1050:
1042:
796:
and Nagyszeben. As a result, on February 2, 3 and 4, Russian General
715:, but Bem tried unsuccessfully to take the city on 21 January in the
1768:("Generals and Staff Officers in the War of Independence 1848–1849")
684:
1238:
1230:
1162:
1054:
1038:
823:
801:
768:
753:
674:
812:
entered Nagyszeben with 1,960 infantry, 120 Cossacks and 6 guns.
629:, Lieutenant General Anton Puchner. The Hungarian national poet
1869:
258:
1832:"Négy nap dőrgött az ágyú ("Four Days the Cannons Thundered")"
1771:(in Hungarian). Budapest: Zrínyi Katonai Kiadó. p. 430.
1847:("The Events of the 1848-49 War of Independence at Vízakna")
1825:. Warsaw: Hungarian Ministry of Defence. pp. 543–549.
1208:; the remnants of Zsurmay's left flank retreated through
894:
3rd Battalion of the Charles Ferdinand Infantry Regiment;
821:
attack through, Puchner's corps was grouped as follows:
1167:
Battle of Vízakna - 4 February 1849. Situation at 11 a.m
1845:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1720:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1707:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1681:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1668:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1655:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1622:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1609:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1567:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1547:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1497:
Az 1848-49-iki szabadságharcz alatti események Vizaknán
1183:
Battle of Vízakna - 4 February 1849. Situation at 1 p.m
1139:
Battle of Vízakna - 4 February 1849. Situation at 9 a.m
1766:
Tábornokok és törzstisztek a szabadságharcban 1848–49
935:
Combined Battalion of the Charles Ferdinand Regiment;
2255:
2139:
2083:
2057:
2036:
1950:
1934:
1903:
1143:The Austrians massed their battalions behind their
1023:Total: 2,439 infantry, 160 cavalry, and 6 cannons.
907:Total: 2,223 infantry, 86 cavalry, and 15 cannons.
1074:4 companies of the 31st Honvéd battalion: 500 men;
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1089:a division of the Kress Cuirassiers: 75 horsemen;
959:Total: 1895 infantry, 72 cavalry, and 3 cannons.
881:3rd Battalion of the Sivkovich Infantry Regiment;
999:3d Battalion of the Leiningen Infantry Regiment;
868:Total: 800 infantry, 40 cavalry, and 3 cannons.
1756:("The Military History of the Hungarian Nation)
1491:
1489:
891:1st battalion of the Bianchi Infantry Regiment;
20:
214:several thousand Romanian and Saxon insurgents
1881:
1083:a squadron of Matthias Hussars: 200 horsemen;
1002:3d Battalion of the Tursky Infantry Regiment;
916:Leader: General Joseph Freiherr von Kalliány
888:battalion of the Sivkovich Infantry Regiment;
270:
8:
1759:(in Hungarian). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis.
1028:7,357 infantry, 782 horsemen, and 30 cannons
996:3d Battalion of the Parma Infantry Regiment;
2370:Battles of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848
1086:a company of Wilhelm Hussars: 100 horsemen;
800:marched to Brassó with 2,680 infantry, 430
1888:
1874:
1866:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
615:Hungarian war of Independence of 1848-1849
277:
263:
255:
17:
1730:
1728:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1344:
175:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1178:
1134:
1098:1,930 infantry, 375 horsemen and 24 guns
1032:thousands of Romanian and Saxon militias
968:Leader: Colonel Ludwig Losy von Losenau
918:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1318:
1298:
1156:Meanwhile, the Hungarian national poet
808:and 8 guns; and on February 4, Colonel
2121:Prince Franz de Paula of Liechtenstein
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
938:1st Battalion of the Bianchi Regiment;
2065:Hungarian Declaration of Independence
1513:
1481:Bem vereséget szenved Vízakna mellett
1448:
779:in 1848 under the command of General
7:
2380:History of Transylvania (1848–1867)
2075:Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
2044:1848–1849 massacres in Transylvania
983:Total: 424 cavalry, and 3 cannons.
903:1/2 three-pounder infantry battery.
2131:Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz
1836:Verstár - ötven költő összes verse
1814:Együttműködés Isaszegért Egyesület
1738:Verstár - ötven költő összes verse
1593:Együttműködés Isaszegért Egyesület
1536:Együttműködés Isaszegért Egyesület
992:Leader: General Johann von Coppet
941:1st Battalion of the 1st Romanian
659:Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz
14:
672:from the South in December 1848.
2256:
2140:
2084:
182:
164:
144:
132:
118:
106:
34:
1694:- Bem József nyomában Erdélyben
900:a six-pounder infantry battery;
2293:Nikolai Fyodorovich Engelhardt
1754:A magyar nemzet hadtörténelme
1068:4th Honvéd battalion: 800 men;
1:
2298:Maksim Maksimovich Grotenhelm
2278:Grigory Yakovlevich Skariatin
1790:("Transylvania in 1848-1849")
621:and the Austrian army of the
2288:Grigory Khristoforovich Zass
1916:Hungarian Revolutionary Army
1897:Hungarian Revolution of 1848
1821:Kozłowsky, Eligiusz (1958).
1071:Kemény's battalion: 600 men;
979:a three-pounder 1/2 battery.
955:1 three-pounder 1/2 battery;
233:220 captured soldiers killed
113:Hungarian Revolutionary Army
28:Hungarian Revolution of 1848
2375:Military history of Hungary
1722:Budapest, 1880, pp. 159-160
1709:Budapest, 1880, pp. 156-158
1624:Budapest, 1880, pp. 146-147
1483:rubicon.hu 1849. február 4.
1430:Arcanum Adatbázis Kft. 2001
1338:Arcanum Adatbázis Kft. 2001
2401:
2283:Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich
2273:Fyodor Sergeevich Panyutin
1718:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
1705:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
1679:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
1666:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
1653:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
1633:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
1620:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
1607:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
1565:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
1545:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
1495:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre:
727:, 1 company of the Mátyás
717:First Battle of Nagyszeben
2365:Battles involving Austria
2306:
2101:Franz Joseph I of Austria
1842:Szentkatolnai Bakk Endre
928:2 companies of the Saxon
897:1 Székely-Hussar company;
296:
218:
191:
158:
100:
47:
33:
25:
1752:Bánlaky, József (2001).
1736:Négy nap dőrgött az ágyú
1266:Négy nap dőrgött az ágyú
687:, first driving Colonel
635:Négy nap dörgött az ágyú
2385:History of Sibiu County
2336:45.875472°N 24.057667°E
2111:Julius Jacob von Haynau
1683:Budapest, 1880, pp. 154
1670:Budapest, 1880, pp. 150
1657:Budapest, 1880, pp. 147
1611:Budapest, 1880, pp. 145
1569:Budapest, 1880, pp. 144
1549:Budapest, 1880, pp. 143
1499:Budapest, 1880, pp. 142
1012:1 squadron of dragoons;
668:from the North and the
139:Transylvanian Romanians
2096:Ferdinand I of Austria
1244:
1236:
1184:
1168:
1140:
1017:twelve-pounder cannons
924:
829:
759:
680:
625:Commander-in-Chief of
159:Commanders and leaders
79:, (now Ocna Sibiului,
42:August von Pettenkofen
1242:
1234:
1182:
1166:
1138:
922:
846:1 infantry battalion;
827:
767:, had already sent a
757:
678:
287:Hungarian Revolution
219:Casualties and losses
40:Battle of Vízakna by
2341:45.875472; 24.057667
2268:Alexander von Lüders
2070:Surrender at Világos
1786:Egyed, Ákos (2010).
1764:Bóna, Gábor (1987).
786:Transylvanian Saxons
781:Alexander von Lüders
765:Nicholas I of Russia
613:was a battle in the
151:Transylvanian Saxons
2332: /
2145:Leaders for Hungary
2089:Leaders for Austria
1977:Battles of Komárom
1030:, not counting the
721:Battle of Szelindek
237:9 ammunition wagons
2261:Leaders for Russia
2177:Arisztid Dessewffy
2106:Eduard Clam-Gallas
1921:Kingdom of Hungary
1591:- A Vízaknai csata
1534:- A Vízaknai csata
1245:
1237:
1185:
1169:
1141:
925:
834:Right wing brigade
830:
798:Nikolai Engelhardt
760:
681:
670:Serbian insurgents
663:Lieutenant General
77:Kingdom of Hungary
2360:Conflicts in 1849
2315:
2314:
1823:General Józef Bem
1800:978-973-665-312-4
1788:Erdély 1848–1849
1479:Tarján M. Tamás:
1293:Explanatory notes
1285:, where he won a
1258:Treaty of Trianon
1064:, as it follows:
912:Left wing brigade
810:Grigory Skariatin
611:Battle of Vízakna
604:
603:
253:
252:
96:
95:
69:Alsó-Fehér County
21:Battle of Vízakna
2392:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2260:
2247:Bertalan Szemere
2242:István Széchenyi
2227:Alessandro Monti
2167:Henryk Dembiński
2144:
2088:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1867:
1862:
1849:. Budapest, 1880
1839:
1830:Petőfi, Sándor,
1826:
1817:
1804:
1782:
1760:
1739:
1732:
1723:
1716:
1710:
1703:
1697:
1690:
1684:
1677:
1671:
1664:
1658:
1651:
1638:
1631:
1625:
1618:
1612:
1605:
1594:
1587:
1570:
1563:
1550:
1543:
1537:
1530:
1517:
1511:
1500:
1493:
1484:
1477:
1452:
1446:
1431:
1426:Bánlaky József:
1424:
1339:
1334:Bánlaky József:
1332:
1306:
1303:
691:'s border guard
291:
279:
272:
265:
256:
186:
177:
168:
149:
148:
147:
137:
136:
135:
122:
110:
92:Austrian victory
49:
48:
38:
18:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2350:
2349:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2331:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2311:
2302:
2251:
2232:Ferenc Ottinger
2162:János Damjanich
2152:Lajos Batthyány
2135:
2079:
2053:
2049:Vienna Uprising
2032:
1946:
1930:
1911:Austrian Empire
1899:
1894:
1853:Tarján, Tamás,
1852:
1829:
1820:
1808:Imreh, Sándor,
1807:
1801:
1785:
1779:
1763:
1751:
1748:
1743:
1742:
1734:Petőfi Sándor:
1733:
1726:
1717:
1713:
1704:
1700:
1691:
1687:
1678:
1674:
1665:
1661:
1652:
1641:
1632:
1628:
1619:
1615:
1606:
1597:
1588:
1573:
1564:
1553:
1544:
1540:
1531:
1520:
1512:
1503:
1494:
1487:
1478:
1455:
1447:
1434:
1425:
1342:
1333:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1274:János Damjanich
1226:
1129:
1080:legion: 30 men;
991:
988:Reserve brigade
967:
964:Cavalry brigade
915:
876:
837:
818:
661:from the West,
647:
607:
606:
605:
600:
321:Slovak uprising
292:
288:
285:
283:
248:
246:
238:
236:
234:
232:
230:
228:
213:
209:
200:
145:
143:
133:
131:
127:
125:Austrian Empire
84:
55:4 February 1849
39:
12:
11:
5:
2398:
2396:
2388:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2352:
2351:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2264:
2262:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2217:Lázár Mészáros
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2148:
2146:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2092:
2090:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2040:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1926:Russian Empire
1923:
1918:
1913:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1861:(in Hungarian)
1859:Rubicon Online
1850:
1840:
1838:(in Hungarian)
1827:
1818:
1816:(in Hungarian)
1805:
1799:
1783:
1777:
1761:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1724:
1711:
1698:
1685:
1672:
1659:
1639:
1626:
1613:
1595:
1571:
1551:
1538:
1518:
1516:, p. 326.
1501:
1485:
1453:
1451:, p. 327.
1432:
1340:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1287:bloody victory
1225:
1222:
1145:skirmish lines
1128:
1125:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1021:
1020:
1013:
1010:
1003:
1000:
997:
981:
980:
977:
957:
956:
953:
948:1 squadron of
946:
939:
936:
933:
905:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
882:
873:Center brigade
866:
865:
858:
847:
817:
814:
689:Karl von Urban
646:
643:
602:
601:
599:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
466:4th Szenttamás
463:
458:
456:2nd Nagyszeben
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
326:3rd Szenttamás
323:
318:
313:
311:2nd Szenttamás
308:
306:1st Szenttamás
303:
297:
294:
293:
284:
282:
281:
274:
267:
259:
251:
250:
240:
221:
220:
216:
215:
204:
194:
193:
189:
188:
180:
161:
160:
156:
155:
154:
153:
141:
115:
103:
102:
98:
97:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
31:
30:
23:
22:
16:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2397:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2348:
2345:
2310:
2305:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2207:Lajos Kossuth
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2197:György Klapka
2195:
2193:
2192:Richard Guyon
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2182:András Gáspár
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2116:Josip Jelačić
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1986:Second battle
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1951:Major battles
1949:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1886:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1828:
1824:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1796:
1792:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1778:963-326-343-3
1774:
1770:
1767:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1712:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1692:Szabó Zsolt:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1589:Imre Sándor:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1532:Imre Sándor:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1302:
1299:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1267:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1249:
1241:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1193:
1191:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1158:Sándor Petőfi
1155:
1150:
1146:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1099:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1053:in the upper
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1026:Corps total:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
994:
993:
989:
984:
978:
975:
971:
970:
969:
965:
960:
954:
951:
950:chevau-légers
947:
944:
940:
937:
934:
931:
927:
926:
921:
917:
913:
908:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
883:
880:
879:
878:
874:
869:
863:
862:three-pounder
859:
856:
852:
848:
845:
844:
843:
841:
835:
828:Puchner Antal
826:
822:
815:
813:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
756:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
677:
673:
671:
667:
664:
660:
657:
656:Field Marshal
652:
644:
642:
640:
636:
632:
631:Sándor Petőfi
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
298:
295:
290:
280:
275:
273:
268:
266:
261:
260:
257:
245:
241:
227:
223:
222:
217:
212:
208:
205:
203:
199:
196:
195:
190:
187:Anton Puchner
185:
181:
178:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
152:
142:
140:
130:
129:
128:
126:
121:
116:
114:
109:
105:
104:
99:
91:
88:
87:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
59:
58:
54:
51:
50:
46:
43:
37:
32:
29:
24:
19:
2327:24°03′27.6″E
2324:45°52′31.7″N
2317:
2212:Vilmos Lázár
2202:György Kmety
2187:Artúr Görgey
2172:Antal Vetter
2126:Franz Schlik
2037:Other events
1991:Third battle
1981:First battle
1904:Belligerents
1858:
1844:
1835:
1822:
1813:
1791:
1787:
1769:
1765:
1757:
1753:
1714:
1701:
1688:
1675:
1662:
1629:
1616:
1541:
1301:
1270:
1265:
1263:
1250:
1246:
1227:
1198:
1194:
1190:aide-de-camp
1186:
1174:
1170:
1153:
1142:
1130:
1122:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1059:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1025:
1022:
987:
985:
982:
963:
961:
958:
943:Border Guard
911:
909:
906:
872:
870:
867:
842:Karl Riebel
833:
831:
819:
761:
739:via Vízakna-
705:Székely Land
682:
666:Franz Schlik
648:
634:
627:Transylvania
610:
608:
415:
336:Transylvania
243:
239:supply train
225:
210:
206:
201:
197:
117:
101:Belligerents
73:Transylvania
26:Part of the
2339: /
2237:Mór Perczel
1092:24 cannons.
1062:János Czetz
930:Kaiserjäger
735:battery to
733:six-pounder
701:Honvéd Army
571:4th Komárom
541:3rd Komárom
536:2nd Komárom
516:Alsónyárasd
491:1st Komárom
471:Tápióbicske
451:2nd Szolnok
406:1st Szolnok
341:Nagykanizsa
249:140 wounded
231:132 wounded
2354:Categories
2222:János Móga
1942:April Laws
1514:Egyed 2010
1449:Egyed 2010
1313:References
1254:war crimes
1206:Szerdahely
1096:In total:
1009:Battalion;
976:companies;
974:cuirassier
932:Battalion;
749:Szászváros
745:Szászsebes
741:Szerdahely
725:Battalions
713:Nagyszeben
709:Szőkefalva
703:liberated
645:Background
446:Mezőkövesd
421:Branyiszkó
235:15 cannons
211:30 cannons
202:24 cannons
2157:Józef Bem
2058:Influence
2028:Kishegyes
1963:Schwechat
1696:Művelődés
1224:Aftermath
1214:Nagyselyk
1114:Háromszék
1108:from the
1007:Grenadier
945:Regiment;
790:Romanians
777:Wallachia
693:regiments
679:Józef Bem
639:war crime
619:Józef Bem
546:Kishegyes
486:Nagysalló
436:Cibakháza
361:Schwechat
247:92 dead,
171:Józef Bem
2023:Temesvár
2013:Segesvár
1216:towards
1204:towards
1202:Kisapold
1110:Csíkszék
1045:between
1019:battery.
886:Landwehr
864:battery.
855:dragoons
851:platoons
838:Leader:
806:Cossacks
773:Moldavia
697:Bukovina
623:Habsburg
581:Temesvár
566:Debrecen
561:Segesvár
391:Pancsova
376:Jarkovác
229:569 dead
192:Strength
60:Location
2309:Commons
1998:Isaszeg
1973:Kápolna
1935:Pretext
1746:Sources
1218:Medgyes
1149:bayonet
1106:brigade
1005:Urraca
816:Prelude
729:Hussars
586:Világos
551:2nd Vác
511:Zsigárd
481:1st Vác
476:Isaszeg
441:Kápolna
431:Kompolt
416:Vízakna
401:Nyárasd
366:Friedau
351:Letenye
316:Perlasz
301:Karlóca
289:of 1848
242:Total:
224:Total:
173: (
81:Romania
65:Vízakna
2018:Szőreg
1958:Pákozd
1797:
1775:
1210:Mundra
1127:Battle
1078:Vienna
1051:Sibiel
1043:abatis
804:, 190
802:Uhlans
794:Brassó
731:and a
651:Polish
591:Hetény
576:Szőreg
506:Csorna
461:Hatvan
411:Cegléd
331:Pákozd
169:
123:
111:
89:Result
2008:Pered
1283:Piski
1278:Maros
1117:seats
1055:Cibin
1047:Orlát
1039:Torda
840:Major
769:corps
695:into
526:Ihász
521:Pered
426:Piski
396:Kassa
381:Moson
356:Kotor
346:Ozora
207:8,139
198:2,305
2003:Buda
1795:ISBN
1773:ISBN
1112:and
1049:and
884:1st
860:1/2
788:and
775:and
747:and
737:Déva
609:The
596:Izsa
556:Tura
531:Győr
501:Káty
496:Buda
371:Rika
52:Date
1968:Mór
853:of
771:to
685:Dés
386:Mór
244:232
226:701
176:WIA
2356::
1857:,
1834:,
1812:,
1727:^
1642:^
1598:^
1574:^
1554:^
1521:^
1504:^
1488:^
1456:^
1435:^
1343:^
1321:^
1100:.
1034:.
1015:1
986:-
972:6
962:-
910:-
871:-
849:2
832:-
75:,
71:,
67:,
1889:e
1882:t
1875:v
1803:.
1781:.
1212:-
990::
966::
952:;
914::
875::
857:;
836::
743:-
278:e
271:t
264:v
179:)
83:)
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