Beehive - Knowledge (XXG)

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top of a straw hive or skep (with a separate straw top to be fixed on later) "so that there are in all seven bars of deal" "to which the bees fix their combs". He also described using such hives in a multi-story configuration, foreshadowing the modern use of supers: he described adding (at the proper time) successive straw hives below, and eventually removing the ones above when free of brood and filled with honey so that the bees could be separately preserved at the harvest for the following season. Wildman also described a further development, using hives with "sliding frames" for the bees to build their comb, foreshadowing more modern uses of movable-comb hives. Wildman acknowledged the advances in knowledge of bees previously made by

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space. They were developed as a lower-cost alternative to the standard Langstroth hives and equipment. They do not require the beekeeper to lift heavy supers when the hive is inspected or manipulated. They are popular in the US due to their alignment with the organic, treatment-free philosophies of many new beekeeping devotees in the United States. The initial costs and equipment requirements are typically much less than other hive designs. Scrap wood can often be used to build a good hive. Horizontal hives do not require the beekeeper to lift super boxes; all checks and manipulation can be done while lifting only one comb at a time and with minimal bending. In areas where large

952: 840: in (190 mm). The single box and frame size are used for both brood and honey supers. Standardizing on one size reduces complexity and allows for the movement of brood or honey frames to any other position in the hive. A queen excluder is avoided, allowing the queen freedom to move where she wants. Boxes are added to the hive above the brood and below the supers. The colony can expand during a large nectar flow and retract to lower portions of the hive as the colony shrinks in the fall. When collecting honey, brood and honey frames can be relocated up or down the hive, as needed. 1060:: Being derived from fixing two Deep National hives back-to-back, the DLD can take up to 21 frames each 14 by 12 inches (360 mm × 300 mm). It is possible to have two colonies in the brood box; e.g., "swarm" and "parent", separated by a loose Divider Board, as there is an entrance at either end. It has half-size honey supers, which take six frames that are lighter than full supers and are correspondingly easier to lift than 12-frame National supers. The Dartington was originally developed by Robin Dartington so that he could keep bees on his London rooftop. 504: 562: 727:. Langstroth frames can be reinforced with wire, making it possible to spin the honey out of the comb in a centrifuge. As a result, the empty frames and comb can be returned to the beehive for re-filling by the bees. Creating a honeycomb involves a significant energy investment, conservatively estimated at 6.25 kilograms (13.8 lb) of honey needed to create 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) of comb in temperate climates. Reusing comb can thus increase the productivity of a beekeeping enterprise. 46: 38: 491:, "basket". A person who made such woven beehives was called a "skepper", a surname that still exists in Western countries. In England the thickness of the coil of straw was controlled using a ring of leather or a piece of cow's horn called a "girth" and the coils of straw could be sewn together using strips of briar. Likenesses of skeps can be found in paintings, carvings, and old manuscripts. The skep is often used on signs as an indication of industry ("the busy bee"). 667: 1115: 404: 345: 1157: 420: 1104: 169: 1153:. In masonic lectures, it represents industry and cooperation, and as a metaphor cautioning against intellectual laziness, warning that "he that will so demean himself as not to be endeavoring to add to the common stock of knowledge and understanding, may be deemed a drone in the hive of nature, a useless member of society, and unworthy of our protection as Masons." 616:. Based on the aforementioned measurements, August Adolph von Berlepsch (Bienezeitung May 1852) in Thuringia and L.L. Langstroth (October 1852) in the United States designed their own movable-frame hives. Langstroth used, however "about 1/2 inch" (13 mm) above the frame's top bars and "about 3/8 inch" (9.5 mm) between the frames and hive body. 901: 286: 302: 197:. Honeycombs are attached to the walls along the cavity tops and sides, but the bees leave passageways along the comb edges. The standard nest architecture for all honeybees is similar: honey is stored in the upper part of the comb; beneath it are rows of pollen-storage cells, worker-brood cells, and drone-brood cells, in that order. The 931: 918:('the people's hive'. It is a modular and storied design similar to a Langstroth hive. The hive body is made of boxes stacked vertically; however, it uses top bars for comb support instead of full frames similar to a Top-Bar Hive, as a general rule. The popularity of this hive is growing among 'sustainable-practice' beekeepers. 820: in or 270 mm) and supers intended for more prolific bees. The internal structure of the boxes is also simpler, resulting in wider frames (16 in or 410 mm) with shorter handles or lugs. Some find these supers too heavy when full of honey and therefore use National supers on top of a Commercial brood box. 719:. Eight or ten frames side by side (depending on the size of the box) will fill the hive body and leave the right amount of bee space between each frame and between the end frames and the hive body. With appropriate provision of bee space, the bees are not likely to glue parts together with propolis nor fill spaces with 1023:

that the bees can move up and down between hive boxes. The beekeeper does not usually provide foundation wax (or provides only a small starter piece of foundation) for the bees to build from. The bees build the comb so it hangs down from the top bar. This is in keeping with the way bees build wax in a natural cavity.

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addition to honey. Queen excluders may or may not be used to keep the brood areas entirely separate from the honey. Even if no queen excluder is used, the bees store most of their honey separately from the areas where they are raising the brood, and honey can still be harvested without killing the bees or brood.

589:– he included a lengthy translation of Reaumur's account of the natural history of bees – and he also described the initiatives of others in designing hives for the preservation of bee-life when taking the harvest, citing in particular reports from Brittany dating from the 1750s, due to Comte de la Bourdonnaye. 1026:

Because the unsupported comb built from a top bar cannot usually be centrifuged in a honey extractor, the honey is usually extracted by crushing and straining rather than centrifuging. Because the bees have to rebuild their comb after the honey is harvested, a top-bar hive yields a beeswax harvest in

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in 1890, is a double-walled hive with an external housing that splays out towards the bottom of each frame covering a standard box shape hive inside. The WBC is in many respects the 'classic' hive as represented in pictures and paintings, but despite the extra level of insulation for the bees offered

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cannot inspect the comb for diseases and pests, and honey removal is difficult and often results in the destruction of the entire colony. To get the honey beekeepers either drove the bees out of the skep or, by using a bottom extension called an eke or a top extension called a cap, sought to create a

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as 1.5 inches (38 mm) from the center of one top bar to the center of the next one. In 1848, Dzierżon introduced grooves into the hive's side walls replacing the strips of wood for moving top bars. The grooves were 8 mm × 8 mm (0.31 in × 0.31 in), the spacing later

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or straw. In its simplest form, there is a single entrance at the bottom of the skep. Again, there is no internal structure provided for the bees and the colony must produce its honeycomb, which is attached to the inside of the skep. The size of early modern skeps was about two pecks to a bushel (18

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The long box hive is a single-story hive that accepts enclosed frames and is worked horizontally in the manner of Kenya/Tanzanian top-bar hives. This non-stacked style had higher popularity a century ago in the Southeast United States but faded from use due to a lack of portability. With the recent

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Intermediate stages in hive design were recorded for example by Thomas Wildman in 1768-1770, who described advances over the destructive old skep-based beekeeping so that the bees no longer had to be killed to harvest the honey. Wildman, for example, fixed a parallel array of wooden bars across the

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Part of the reason why bee gums are still used is that this allows the producers of the honey to distinguish themselves from other honey producers and to ask for a higher price for the honey. An example where bee gums are still used is Mont-Lozère, France, although in Europe they are referred to as

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The Beehive teaches us that as we are born into the world rational and intelligent beings, so ought we also to be industrious ones, and not stand idly by or gaze with listless indifference on even the meanest of our fellow creatures in a state of distress if it is in our power to help them without

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Horizontal hives often use top-bars instead of frames. Top bars are simple lengths of timber often made by cutting scrap wood to size; it is not necessary to buy or assemble frames. The top bars form a continuous roof over the hive chamber, unlike conventional frames which offer a bee-space gap so

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Later skep designs included a smaller woven basket (cap) on top over a small hole in the main skep. This cap acted as a crude super, allowing some honey to be extracted with less destruction of brood and bees. In England, such an extension piece consisting of a ring of about 4 or 5 coils of straw

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Sections of the hollow trees were set upright in "bee yards" or apiaries. Sometimes sticks or crossed sticks were placed under a board cover to give an attachment for the honeycomb. As with skeps, the harvest of honey from these destroyed the colony. Often the harvester would kill the bees before

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These are single, long, boxes, with the bars hanging in parallel. The hive body of a common style of horizontal hive is often shaped like an inverted trapezoid, but it may be rectangular in cross-section and able to accept normal frames. They have movable combs and make use of the concept of bee

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The Warre hive differs from other stacked hive systems in one fundamental aspect: when the bees need more space as the colony expands, the new box is "nadired"; i.e., positioned underneath the existing box or boxes. This serves the purpose of warmth retention within the brood nest of the hive,

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between frames and other parts. Variants of his design have become the standard style of hive for many of the world's beekeepers, both professional and amateur. Langstroth hive bodies are rectangular and can be stacked to expand the usable space for the bees. They can be made from a variety of

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prefer nest cavities approximately 45 L (1.6 cu ft) in volume and avoid those smaller than 10 L (0.35 cu ft) or larger than 100 L (3.5 cu ft). Western honey bees show several nest-site preferences: the height above ground is usually between 1 metre

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Traditional beehives provided an enclosure for the bee colony. Because no internal structures were provided for the bees, they created their honeycomb within the hives. The comb is often cross-attached and cannot be moved without destroying it. This is sometimes called a

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Honey bees use caves, rock cavities, and hollow trees as natural nesting sites. In warmer climates, they may build exposed hanging nests; members of other subgenera have exposed aerial combs. Multiple parallel honeycombs form the hive with a relatively uniform

826:: A hive and method of management developed by Tim Rowe, it is a variation on the BS National hive. The Rose hive maintains the same cross-sectional dimensions as the National hive (18 in x 18 in, 460 mm x 460 mm), but opts for a single depth box of 786: in (150 mm) Supers typically used for honey. The construction of the boxes is relatively complicated (eight pieces), but strong and with easy-to-hold handles. The boxes take frames of 17 in (430 mm) in length, with a relatively long lug ( 1240:

will also eat beehives and are harder to dissuade from taking several beehives. Hives can be protected with an electrified enclosure and livestock fence "shocker" base. Systems available are grid plugged(120v) or solar (dc) for remote spots

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are still used, with top bars some 19 in (480 mm) long or a little more. However, this class of hives includes several other styles, mostly used in Europe, which differ mainly in the size and number of frames used. These include:

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In 1890, Charles Nash Abbott (1830–1894), advisor to Ireland's Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction, designed a new Congested Districts Board (CDB) hive in Dublin, Ireland. It was commissioned by and named after the

277:. An altar decorated with fertility figurines was found alongside the hives and may indicate religious practices associated with beekeeping. While beekeeping predates these ruins, this is the oldest apiary yet discovered. 494:

In the late 18th century, more complex skeps appeared with wooden tops with holes in them over which glass jars were placed. The comb would then be built into the glass jars, making the designs commercially attractive.

395:. They sometimes were used singly, but more often stacked in rows to provide some shade, at least for those not on top. Keepers would smoke one end to drive the bees to the other end while they harvested honey. 1139:

So much has been written upon the habits and virtues of bees, that it is unnecessary to enlarge upon the subject .... Suffice it to say, that they imply industry, wealth, bounty, and wisdom in the bearer.

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detriment to ourselves or our connections; the constant practice, – of this virtue is enjoined on all created beings, from the highest seraph in heaven to the meanest reptile that crawls in the dust.

723: – although the dimensions now usual for top bee space are not the same as those that Langstroth described. Self-spacing beehive frames were introduced by Julius Hoffman, a student of 1044:

popularity of horizontal top-bar hives, the long box hive is gaining renewed but limited utilization. Alternative names are "new idea hive", "single story hive", "Poppleton hive", or "long hive".

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present a threat to beehives, single-box hives may be suspended out of reach. Elsewhere, they are commonly raised to a level that allows the beekeeper to inspect and manipulate them in comfort.

744:: This smaller version of the Langstroth class of hive is designed for the less prolific and more docile Buckfastleigh bee strain, and for standard dimension parts. It is based on square boxes ( 2634: 1623: 1282:

and other bee products. Modern honey frame and centerfuge systems, such as Langstroth, are less harmful to the hive, assuming harvest will happen, and increase production at the same time.

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In the eastern United States, especially in the Southeast, sections of hollow trees were used until the 20th century. These were called "gums" because they often were from black gum (

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industry existed in Israel approximately 4,000 years ago. The 150 beehives, many broken, were made of straw and unbaked clay. They were found in orderly rows. Ezra Marcus from the

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The sizes of hive bodies (rectangular boxes without tops or bottoms placed one on top of another) and of internal frames vary between named styles. A variety of approximations to

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in 1864. This hive is a popular standard in Spain and Romania. It was also popular in Russia during the early 1900s until forced industrialization standardized all apiaries.

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Natural tree hollows and artificially hollowed tree trunks were widely used in the past by beekeepers in Central Europe. For example, in Poland, such a beehive was called a

2012: 1000:, and it is not usually possible to expand the hive if additional honey storage space is required. Most horizontal hives cannot easily be lifted and carried by one person. 1285:

Humans may also determine that a beehive must be destroyed in the interest of public safety or in the interest of preventing the spread of bee diseases. The U.S. state of

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The earliest recognizably modern designs of beehives arose in the 19th century, though they were perfected from intermediate stages of progress made in the 18th century.

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Inside the boxes, frames are hung parallel to each other. Langstroth frames are thin rectangular structures made of wood or plastic and typically have a plastic or

2082: 2752: 1135:. Most heraldic representation of beehives is in the form of a skep. Bees (and beehives) have some symbols often associated with them though it is not universal: 435:

Skeps, baskets placed open-end-down, have been used to house bees for some 2000 years. Believed to have been first used in Ireland, they were initially made from

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elephants. These hives are hung on a single metal wire that encircles the crop field of some farms in African elephant territory. The installation is called a

2591: 539:, pine martens, forest dormice). Harvest of honey from these did not destroy the colony, as only a protective piece of wood was removed from the opening and 190:-facing entrances are favored, and nest sites over 300 metres (980 ft) from the parent colony are preferred. Most bees occupy nests for several years. 1220:

Beekeepers and companies may remove unwanted honey bee nests from structures to relocate them into an artificial hive. This process is called a "cut out".

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by its double-walled design, many beekeepers avoid it, owing to the inconvenience of having to remove the external layer before the hive can be examined.

481:. An eke was used to give just a bit of extra room, or to "eke" some more space, a nadir is a larger extension used when a full story was needed beneath. 3336: 972:

One of the most famous Slovenian beekeepers was Anton Žnideršič (1874–1947). He developed the AZ hive house and hive box widely used today in Slovenia.

2507: 2043: 1954: 2136: 1627: 1066:: A proprietary design for a beehive launched in 2009 based on the Dartington long deep. It is a hybrid of the top-bar hive and a Langstroth hive. 2086: 1528: 586: 322:. These were gradually supplanted with box hives of varying dimensions, with or without frames, and finally replaced by newer modern equipment. 2276: 2107: 853:: German normal measure (DNM): mainly used in central and northern Germany. Of which Frankenbeute, Segeberger, and Spessartbeute are variants. 806:: A variation with the same cross-sectional dimensions as a BS National hive (18 in x 18 in, 460 mm x 460 mm), but deeper brood box ( 318:

hives. Harvest often destroyed the hives, though some adaptations were using top baskets which could be removed when the bees filled them with

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showing capped honey and brood cells. The modular design allows for easier management and non-destructive harvesting of honey and beeswax.

1370: 1850: 1714:"The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Anne H. Soukhanov,: The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language" 193:

The bees often smooth the bark surrounding the nest entrance and coat the cavity walls with a thin layer of hardened plant resin called

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log hives. The length of these log hives used is shorter than bee gums; they are hollowed out artificially and cut to a specific size.

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was used to pacify the bees for a short time. Spain still uses cork bark cylinder with cork top hives, similar to a gum or barc,

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The beehive appears on the 3rd Degree emblems on the Tracing Board of Royal Cumberland No. 41, Bath and is explained as such:

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As of 1998, most US states prohibited the use of skeps, or any other hive that cannot be inspected for disease and parasites.

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Boxes containing frames for brood and honey: the lowest box for the queen to lay eggs, and boxes above where honey is stored

1419: 329: – crushing the wax honeycomb to squeeze out the contents. Due to this harvesting, traditional beehives provided more 3346: 2738: 2531: 82:

is used to discuss colonies that house themselves in natural or artificial cavities or are hanging and exposed. The term

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The beehive is a commonly used symbol in various human cultures. In Europe, it was used by the Romans as well as in

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with antibiotics is prohibited, and beekeepers are required by law to destroy such colonies and hives with fire.

1034:: Modified top bar. The top bar is split into 3 equal parts and joined at angles of 120° to form half a hexagon. 3190: 3165: 2952: 2931: 2917: 2903: 2896: 2050: 1757: 1672: 1197: 153: 31: 1242: 666: 503: 439:

plastered with mud and dung but after the Middle Ages, almost all were made of straw. In northern and western

3229: 3084: 2994: 2973: 2959: 1713: 2492: 1313:, or by scorching. In New Zealand and the United Kingdom, the treatment of hives infected with the disease 2987: 2980: 2938: 2910: 2054: 1290: 939: 224:

from the 5th Dynasty, dated earlier than 2422 BCE, depict workers blowing smoke into hives as they remove

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Hives can be vertical or horizontal. There are three main types of modern hive in common use worldwide:

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even opening their nest. This was done by inserting a metal container of burning sulfur into the gum.

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Humans have historically destroyed nests and hives of honey-producing bee species to obtain honey and

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which provided support for rural populations until its absorption into the Department of Agriculture.

3290: 2827: 2812: 547: 460:, to allow the honeycomb to be removed. Skeps could also be squeezed in a vise to extract the honey. 70:

is used to describe the nest of any bee colony, scientific and professional literature distinguishes

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has issued regulations governing the treatment of diseased beehives via burning followed by burial,

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and was protected in various ways from unfavorable weather conditions (rain, frost) and predators (

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is used to describe an artificial/man-made structure to house a honey bee nest. Several species of

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and other leaders in apiculture. It combines a top-worked hive with hanging frames and the use of

37: 3180: 1502: 1463: 1314: 982: 1346: 684:, who patented his design in the United States on October 5, 1852. It was based on the ideas of 2044:"Collective control of the timing and type of comb construction by honey bees (Apis mellifera)" 3321: 3170: 3158: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2863: 2817: 2786: 2678: 2668: 2391: 2366: 2319: 1734: 1728: 1676: 1666: 1607: 1385: 1094:: Ukrainian Hive or Einraumbeute Hive uses Dadant size frames that are rotated ninety degrees. 1073: 909: 649: 593: 182: 99: 91: 2667:. National Bee-keeping Centre (Great Britain). Warwickshire, U.K.: Bee Craft. pp. 33–4. 2032:

The ABC & XYZ of Bee Culture, Forty-First Edition, published by A.I. Root Company pg. 265

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The correct distance between combs for easy operations in beehives was described in 1845 by

156:. In America, hives are commonly transported so bees can pollinate crops elsewhere. Several 1114: 508: 3132: 3088: 2843: 2638: 1995: 1958: 1892: 1423: 1126: 997: 731: 724: 685: 675: 624: 516: 290: 608: 336:

Four styles of traditional beehives are mud hives, clay/tile hives, skeps, and bee gums.

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comb with only honey in it. Quite often the bees were killed, sometimes using lighted

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The apiary by Alfred Neighbour - page 186 - Fittings and Apparatus, Ekes and Nadirs.

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Seeley, T. D.; Morse, R. A. (December 1978). "Nest site selection by the honey bee,

883:: Developed by the Italian company Beeing for urban locations and uses Dadant frames 3295: 2848: 2121: 1988: 1237: 1017: 986: 630: 428: 403: 344: 246: 221: 186:(3.3 ft) and 5 metres (16 ft), entrance positions tend to face downward, 2724: 1785:Ślady dawnego bartnictwa puszczańskiego na terenie Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego 1649: 1546: 647:. Some other hives have been designed and optimized for some meliponines such as 3107: 3051: 2945: 2868: 2791: 1606:

Bogomolets O. Radomysl Castle-Museum on the Royal Road Via Regia". – Kyiv, 2013

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placed below a straw beehive to give extra room for brood rearing was called an

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Disadvantages include (usually) unsupported combs that cannot be spun in most

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materials, but commonly of timber. The modern Langstroth hive consists of:

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The Freemason's Monitor, or Illustrations of Masonry in Two Parts, 2nd ed.

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Seeley, T. D.; Morse, R. A. (December 1976). "The nest of the honey bee (

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Hives erected as a crop shield against elephants are sometimes destroyed

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Keeping Bees with a Smile: Principles and Practice of Natural Beekeeping

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Beehives serve several purposes. These include the production of honey,

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Keeping bees simply and respectfully - Apiculture with the Golden Hive

800: in or 38 mm) and a comb width of 14 in (360 mm). 371:

tiles were the customary homes of kept bees in the eastern end of the

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Lodge No. 2076, London, Volume XXXVI, page 222, W. J. Songhurst, 1923

1294: 457: 440: 436: 384: 229: 198: 157: 134: 126: 301: 930: 228:. Inscriptions detailing honey production are found on the tomb of 3031: 1155: 1007: 950: 665: 560: 540: 502: 477: 418: 412: 402: 392: 388: 376: 353: 343: 319: 300: 284: 262: 213: 167: 138: 122: 44: 2470:. Salt Lake City, UT: Bookcraft. pp. 177–178. Archived from 1381: 1359:

http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/MISC/BEES/euro_honey_bee.htm

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destroy hives in their quest for honey and protein-rich larvae.

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is an enclosed structure in which some honey bee species of the

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Racks for cylindrical clay hives at the Inzerki apiary, Morocco

3092: 2532:"ASK A WILDLIFE BIOLOGIST, Alaska Department of Fish and Game" 2452:

Ars Quatuor Coronatorum – Transactions of the Quatuor Coronati

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2011-09-29 at Wikiwix Beekeeping in Ukraine, accessed May 2011

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http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/misc/bees/Apis_cerana.htm

1054:: Uses 32 standard Langstroth deep frames without any supers. 859:: Developed by Enoch Zander, mainly used in southern Germany 239:), and describe honey stored in jars and cylindrical hives. 249:

cites 30 intact hives that were discovered in the ruins of

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The nest's internal structure is a densely packed group of

2697:"Beebase - Beekeeping information resource for Beekeepers" 877:(developed in the US in 1920 from the Dadant-Blatt hive) 711:

on which the bees draw out the comb. The frames hold the

2309: 2307: 2009:"A Detailed Look at the Langstroth Beehive - PerfectBee" 1190:. From Latter-day Saint usage, it has become one of the 204:

cells are normally built at the lower edge of the comb.

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Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services

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Shawn Eyer, "The Beehive and the Stock of Knowledge".

2606:"Crawford Announces Destruction Of African Bee Hive" 1665:

Diana Sammataro; Alphonse Avitabile (15 June 1998).

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Inner cover and top cap providing weather protection

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Living the Scientific Life (Scientist, Interrupted)

1182:The beehive is also used with a similar meaning by 2584:"Africanized Bee DeFense Against Hungry Elephants" 2184: 2182: 908:The Warré hive was invented by the village priest 1971: 1969: 1967: 1730:The World History of Beekeeping and Honey Hunting 269:said the discovery provided a glimpse of ancient 152:treatment, and trying to mitigate the effects of 3332:Buildings and structures used to confine animals 1927:Wildman, op.cit., 2nd (1770) ed., at pp. 112–15. 697:Bottom board: this has an entrance for the bees. 216:kept bees in human-made hives. The walls of the 90:live in colonies. But for honey production, the 2442:New York: Southwick & Crooker, 1802, 77–78. 1918:Wildman, op.cit., 2nd (1770) ed., at pp. 94–95. 1567:Apiculture in Egypt, Dr Tarek Issa Abd El-Wahab 1184:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1169: 1137: 2699:. UK National Bee Unit. Control of Foulbrood. 2467:Lehi in the Desert, The World of the Jaredites 2386:Wirz, Johannes; Poeplau, Norbert (July 2020). 2261:The Success Of The Long Box Beehive In America 2173:Roe Valley Beekeepers Association - CDB Hive - 325:Honey from traditional hives was extracted by 41:Painted wooden beehives with active honey bees 2746: 2427:, The Journal of Masonic Research and Letters 2189:Carr, TJ; Bradford, John (January 28, 2016). 8: 913: 66:live and raise their young. Though the word 49:A honeycomb created inside a wooden beehive 2753: 2739: 2731: 2725:American Beekeeping History – The Bee Hive 2562:"Elephants & Bees › Publications" 2083:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign 1580:"The land of milk and honey ... and bees!" 1357:University of Florida - Apis mellifera - 596:, the founder of commercial beekeeping in 172:Natural bee colony in the hollow of a tree 2243:"Harvesting Honey from Your Top Bar Hive" 732:Langstroth's original box and frame sizes 333:, but far less honey than a modern hive. 314:hive to differentiate it from the modern 148:of nearby crops, housing supply bees for 2506:Department of Environmental Protection. 2160: 2158: 2079:"Miscellaneous Techniques in Beekeeping" 1827:Les Ruches troncs et les abeilles noires 1113: 1102: 929: 899: 121:. The bees use the cells to store food ( 36: 2108:"Langstroth Jumbo Frames - packs of 10" 1345:University of Florida - Apis cerana - 1338: 1274:Beekeeping § Wild honey harvesting 1270:Beekeeping § History of apiculture 1149:In modern times, it is a key symbol in 604:which allowed an easier honey harvest. 273:seen in texts and ancient art from the 2139:. Electric & Young. Archived from 1752: 1750: 758: in or 460 mm side), with a 160:have been issued for beehive designs. 106:) are the main species kept in hives. 2635:"Sec. 03.47.020. Importation of bees" 2191:"Standard Top Bars For The Beekeeper" 1716:. Bukupedia – via Google Books. 1408: 1406: 1177:Explanation on the 8th century ritual 962:Congested Districts Board for Ireland 938:The WBC, invented by and named after 261:). This is evidence that an advanced 7: 2175:http://www.rvbka.co.uk/cdb-hive.html 1906:A Treatise on the Management of Bees 1851:"La fôret des abeilles by Yves Elie" 1651:A Treatise on the Management of Bees 680:Langstroth hives are named for Rev. 181:. It usually has a single entrance. 27:Structure housing a honey bee colony 1712:Soukhanov, anne H. (15 June 2015). 922:considered vital to colony health. 639:Most hives have been optimized for 2299:New Beekeeping in a Long Deep Hive 1886:Paper on use of bee gums in France 1265: 25: 3337:Shelters built or used by animals 2837:Subspecies, Breeds and Phenotypes 1961:Apimondia 2013, accessed May 2011 1952:20 Facts on Beekeeping in Ukraine 1758:"HIVE: What is a "Bee Gum" Hive?" 1582:. Jamaica Gleaner. Archived from 1427:Food and Agriculture Organization 348:Bees in a baked clay jar in Malta 2594:from the original on 2015-10-02. 2413:, 1846, page 117, William Newton 2275:. March 26, 2017. Archived from 1839:from the original on 2014-05-04. 1813:from the original on 2014-05-04. 1624:"Buckwheat honey from mud hoves" 1531:from the original on 2016-03-09. 1256:and was conceived by Lucy King. 2703:from the original on 2017-10-12 2645:from the original on 2011-06-04 2542:from the original on 1 May 2018 2513:from the original on 2012-10-18 2215:Wyns, Dan (November 25, 2014). 2164:Beekeeping For All - Abbé Warré 2089:from the original on 2011-10-20 2015:from the original on 2016-12-20 1058:Dartington long deep (DLD) hive 2823:Bee learning and communication 1803:"La filière apicole en Lozère" 1791:. Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa. 451:Skeps have two disadvantages: 443:, skeps were made of coils of 1: 2727:at John's Beekeeping Notebook 2612:. May 5, 1999. Archived from 2314:Lazutin, Fedor (April 2020). 1909:(London, 1768; 2nd ed. 1770). 1782:Karpiński, Jan Jerzy (1948). 1088:: Developed by Fedor Lazutin 427:. The base is part of an old 289:Hives from the collection of 253:(2,000 residents in 900 BCE, 233: 1521:"Ancient Egypt: Bee-keeping" 1266:Beehive § Ancient hives 600:, invented one of the first 352:Mud hives are still used in 2967:Apis mellifera sinisxinyuan 2388:Imkern mit der Einraumbeute 2137:"The New Modern Smart Hive" 407:Traditional manufacture of 3363: 2493:"Beehives/Crops/Livestock" 2429:63.1 (Winter 2010), 35–42. 2390:(in German). Pala-Verlag. 2318:. New Society Publishers. 1733:. Routledge. p. 305. 1263: 1213: 1205:Relocation and destruction 1124: 1015: 673: 29: 3301:Honeybee Discovery Center 3212:Diseases of the honey bee 2946:Apis mellifera scutellata 2764:types and characteristics 2500:Bear Facts for Homeowners 2301:. Bee Books New & Old 2042:Stephen C. PRATT (2003). 1727:Crane, Ethel Eva (2013). 1305:or other approved gases, 484:The term is derived from 3279:Museums and insectariums 3191:Colony collapse disorder 3166:Varroa sensitive hygiene 2953:Apis mellifera siciliana 2932:Apis mellifera monticola 2918:Apis mellifera pomonella 2904:Apis mellifera artemisia 2897:Apis mellifera adansonii 2297:Robin Dartington (2000) 2221:Bee Informed Partnership 2051:Arizona State University 1673:Cornell University Press 1668:The beekeeper's handbook 1648:Wildman, Thomas (1768). 1293:, in 1999. The state of 715:formed by the bees with 383:, and to some extent in 154:colony collapse disorder 32:Beehive (disambiguation) 3085:Horizontal top-bar hive 2995:Apis mellifera unicolor 2974:Apis mellifera sossimai 2960:Apis mellifera simensis 2663:John, Williams (2010). 1829:du Mont-Lozère sur TF1" 1413:Honeybees of the genus 1289:destroyed the hives of 565:A beekeeper inspects a 232:from the 26th Dynasty ( 3152:Parasites and diseases 2988:Apis mellifera taurica 2981:Apis mellifera syriaca 2939:Apis mellifera remipes 2911:Apis mellifera litorea 2665:Starting out with bees 2365:. Northern Bee Books. 2247:Beekeeping for Dummies 1543:"World Heritage Honey" 1291:Africanized honey bees 1186:, informally known as 1180: 1164: 1147: 1122: 1111: 1013: 956: 940:William Broughton Carr 935: 914: 905: 867:Designed by David Eyre 671: 574: 511: 507:"Barć" in a museum in 432: 416: 349: 306: 298: 173: 50: 42: 2464:Nibley, Hugh (1955). 2411:A Display of Heraldry 2241:Blackiston, Howland. 1192:State symbols of Utah 1159: 1125:Further information: 1117: 1106: 1011: 954: 933: 912:, and is also called 903: 669: 564: 506: 422: 406: 347: 304: 288: 171: 48: 40: 3347:Ukrainian inventions 3291:Bee Museum of Rhodes 3207:Topics in beekeeping 2813:Honey bee life cycle 2566:Elephants & Bees 2361:Heaf, David (2021). 2143:on 28 September 2020 1371:"Chapter 10 – Honey" 1052:Long Langstroth Hive 30:For other uses, see 3286:Malacca Bee Gallery 3186:Deformed wing virus 3077:BS National Beehive 2925:Apis mellifera meda 2859:Carniolan honey bee 2536:www.adfg.alaska.gov 2438:Thomas Smith Webb, 1654:. author, and sold. 983:terrestrial animals 741:BS National Beehive 548:colmenas de corcho. 267:University of Haifa 218:Egyptian sun temple 129:) and to house the 111:hexagonal prismatic 3181:American foulbrood 2259:John Adams (2010) 1994:2010-09-23 at the 1957:2011-08-11 at the 1891:2014-05-04 at the 1499:10.1007/BF02223477 1460:10.1007/BF02224297 1422:2014-11-29 at the 1315:American foulbrood 1309:by treatment with 1229:Animal destruction 1165: 1123: 1112: 1014: 957: 936: 906: 804:BS Commercial hive 682:Lorenzo Langstroth 672: 575: 512: 433: 417: 350: 307: 299: 183:Western honey bees 174: 51: 43: 3342:Masonic symbolism 3309: 3308: 3171:Small hive beetle 3160:Varroa destructor 2884:Western honey bee 2879:Russian honey bee 2874:Maltese honey bee 2864:European dark bee 2787:Laying worker bee 2397:978-3-89566-402-1 2372:978-1-913811-03-7 2006:Langstroth Hive: 1977:U.S. patent 9,300 1937:Petro Prokopovych 1858:nvbinfocentrum.nl 1762:Grossmann's Hives 1682:978-0-8014-8503-9 1612:978-617-7031-15-3 1260:Human destruction 1160:A doorknob of an 1074:Georges de Layens 650:Melipona beecheii 594:Petro Prokopovych 281:Traditional hives 100:eastern honey bee 92:western honey bee 16:(Redirected from 3354: 3327:Beekeeping tools 3037:Honey extraction 2755: 2748: 2741: 2732: 2712: 2711: 2709: 2708: 2693: 2687: 2686: 2660: 2654: 2653: 2651: 2650: 2631: 2625: 2624: 2622: 2621: 2602: 2596: 2595: 2580: 2574: 2573: 2568:. 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Archived from 1375: 1367: 1361: 1355: 1349: 1343: 1178: 1145: 1118:Coat of arms of 1107:Coat of arms of 998:honey extractors 976:Horizontal hives 917: 839: 838: 834: 831: 819: 818: 814: 811: 799: 798: 794: 791: 785: 784: 780: 777: 771: 770: 766: 763: 757: 756: 752: 749: 662:Langstroth hives 238: 235: 21: 3362: 3361: 3357: 3356: 3355: 3353: 3352: 3351: 3312: 3311: 3310: 3305: 3274: 3222: 3216: 3195: 3147: 3133:Honey extractor 3089:Langstroth hive 3056: 3005: 2844:Africanized bee 2832: 2796: 2765: 2759: 2721: 2716: 2715: 2706: 2704: 2695: 2694: 2690: 2675: 2662: 2661: 2657: 2648: 2646: 2639:State of Alaska 2633: 2632: 2628: 2619: 2617: 2604: 2603: 2599: 2582: 2581: 2577: 2560: 2559: 2555: 2545: 2543: 2530: 2529: 2525: 2516: 2514: 2510: 2495: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2477: 2475: 2463: 2462: 2458: 2450: 2446: 2437: 2433: 2421: 2417: 2409: 2405: 2398: 2385: 2384: 2380: 2373: 2360: 2359: 2355: 2345: 2343: 2341:"The ZEST hive" 2339:Summers, Bill. 2338: 2337: 2333: 2326: 2313: 2312: 2305: 2296: 2292: 2282: 2280: 2271: 2270: 2266: 2258: 2254: 2249:(4th ed.). 2240: 2239: 2235: 2225: 2223: 2217:"Top Bar Hives" 2214: 2213: 2209: 2199: 2197: 2188: 2187: 2180: 2172: 2168: 2163: 2156: 2146: 2144: 2134: 2133: 2129: 2120: 2119: 2115: 2106: 2105: 2101: 2092: 2090: 2077: 2076: 2072: 2063: 2061: 2057: 2046: 2041: 2040: 2036: 2031: 2027: 2018: 2016: 2007: 2005: 2001: 1996:Wayback Machine 1987: 1983: 1975: 1974: 1965: 1959:Wayback Machine 1950: 1946: 1935: 1931: 1926: 1922: 1917: 1913: 1902: 1898: 1893:Wayback Machine 1884: 1880: 1870: 1868: 1867:on 4 March 2016 1864: 1853: 1849: 1848: 1844: 1823: 1822: 1818: 1801: 1800: 1796: 1788: 1781: 1780: 1776: 1767: 1765: 1756: 1755: 1748: 1741: 1726: 1725: 1721: 1711: 1710: 1706: 1701: 1697: 1687: 1685: 1683: 1675:. p. 186. 1664: 1663: 1659: 1647: 1646: 1642: 1633: 1631: 1622: 1621: 1617: 1605: 1601: 1592: 1590: 1586: 1577: 1576: 1572: 1565: 1561: 1552: 1550: 1541: 1540: 1536: 1525:reshafim.org.il 1519: 1518: 1514: 1480: 1479: 1475: 1441: 1440: 1436: 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