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in 1830, the
Netherlands’ population was considerably diminished, making colonial combat losses more difficult to replace. Furthermore, the Dutch wanted the number of locally recruited soldiers in the East Indies Army to be limited to roughly half the total strength, to ensure the loyalty of native
118:. The West Africans proved less resistant to the climate than had been hoped, but their physique and general appearance as soldiers impressed the Sumatran population. In 1836 a further group of 88 Akan soldiers arrived in the Dutch East Indies. The Dutch government then decided to recruit from the
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personnel they were entitled to receive pay. However
British objections in 1842 led to discontinuation of this relatively successful recruitment. In 1855 enrollment resumed due to the positive experiences of West African soldiers in the Dutch East Indies. This renewed recruitment was now on a
200:. A total of 189 Liberians went to Java, but this group became almost entirely dissatisfied with failed promises and returned to Liberia in 1892. Even without the recruitment of Malay soldiers, the KNIL still had soldiers of Malay origin in its army long after the 1890s. These Malay and
167:, a somewhat cautious approach to recruitment was taken. The Ashanti king offered slaves and prisoners of war from the surrounding regions, for Dutch colonial service. However they nominally put themselves forward as voluntary recruits. As Dutch
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undertook a mission to the King of
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188:. This terminated the recruitment of Africans for the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army. On April 20, 1872, the last ship with African recruits left for
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A total of several thousand Malay
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forces. It was also hoped that Akan soldiers would be more resistant to the tropical climate and tropical diseases of the
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and Kwame Poku Boachi, to
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Two KNIL soldiers in 1885. The soldier of the left is
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Ineke van Kessel, 'The black
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Blacks in the Dutch World: The
Evolution of Racial Imagery in a Modern Society
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Merchants, missionaries & migrants. 300 years of Dutch-Ghanaian relations
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soldiers were the offspring of the
Welanders that the Dutch shipped from the
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Zwarte Hollanders; Afrikaanse soldaten in Nederlands-Indië
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Zwarte Hollanders; Afrikaanse soldaten in Nederlands-Indië
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The soldiers from the Gold Coast were first recruited in
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31:A Black KNIL soldier during the 19th century.
20:. For the ethnonym in the United States, see
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265:. Indiana University Press. p. 244.
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90:for KNIL service in the East Indies.
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285:Kessel, Ineke van (Amsterdam 2005).
125:In the autumn of 1836 Major General
1571:African diaspora in the Netherlands
1556:Military history of the Netherlands
308:. Amsterdam, KIT Publishers, 2002.
163:Because the British had abolished
64:Royal Netherlands East Indies Army
14:
1546:People from the Dutch East Indies
350:Stichting Indo-Afrikaans Kontakt
239:The Two Hearts of Kwasi Boachi
157:The Two Hearts of Kwasi Boachi
1:
50:; "Black Dutchmen") was an
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386:Ethnic groups in Indonesia
289:. KIT Publishers. p. 213.
176:End of African recruitment
172:strictly voluntary basis.
86:, were recruited from the
58:soldiers recruited by the
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259:Blakely, Allison (2001).
182:Treaty of Sumatra in 1871
1566:African diaspora in Asia
1561:African diaspora history
1451:Bangka Belitung Chinese
321:(2005; KIT Publishers;
208:between 1830 and 1872.
100:independence of Belgium
22:Black Dutch (genealogy)
339:, deel 12 (1989) 5-26.
54:term used to refer to
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107:than Dutch soldiers.
60:Dutch colonial empire
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62:for service in the
52:Indonesian language
317:W.M.J. van Kessel
218:Elmina Java Museum
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136:Comassie (Kumasi)
105:Dutch East Indies
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144:Jacob Huydecoper
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44:Belanda Hitam
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463:Talang Mamak
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152:Arthur Japin
148:Kwasi Boachi
124:
109:
97:
66:(KNIL), the
43:
42:
1381:Tanimbarese
1095:Ekari (Mee)
970:Gorontaloan
606:Aneuk Jamee
601:Minangkabau
557:Bugis-Malay
448:Orang Rimba
443:Orang Kuala
396:Indonesians
127:Jan Verveer
84:Akan people
1540:Categories
1520:Portuguese
1478:Klingalese
920:Orang Laut
758:Lun Bawang
732:Kalimantan
688:Kangeanese
681:Tenggerese
671:Banyumasan
666:Cirebonese
510:Toba Batak
505:Simalungun
495:Mandailing
458:Petalangan
413:Aboriginal
333:(in Dutch)
315:(in Dutch)
48:Indonesian
1515:Pakistani
1510:Mardijker
1461:Peranakan
1262:Manggarai
1245:Lamaholot
1105:Ketengban
1025:Sangirese
1005:Mongondow
1000:Minahasan
995:Mandarese
975:Kalumpang
908:Pontianak
879:Punan Bah
795:Uma Baka'
770:Apo Kayan
749:Apo Duat
720:Bantenese
710:Sundanese
623:Palembang
82:, mostly
1495:Japanese
1468:Filipino
1436:Chindian
1431:Armenian
1354:Ambonese
1337:Manusela
1320:Moluccan
1272:Rotenese
1225:Bimanese
1220:Balinese
1215:Bali Aga
985:Makassar
965:Bonerate
960:Butonese
950:Buginese
942:Sulawesi
867:Bakumpai
855:Ma'anyan
850:Lawangan
845:Ot Danum
809:Kendayan
693:Madurese
661:Javanese
633:Simeulue
594:Sakuddei
589:Mentawai
470:Acehnese
212:See also
160:(1997).
122:people.
76:Java War
1446:Benteng
1441:Chinese
1414:African
1391:Togutil
1364:Wai Apu
1349:Ambelau
1297:Sumbawa
1195:Lesser
1170:Waropen
1150:Sentani
1115:Korowai
1085:Damalme
1070:Amungme
1040:Torajan
884:Bukitan
872:Meratus
826:Mualang
804:Bidayuh
753:Kelabit
638:Singkil
618:Haloban
582:Serdang
572:Langkat
532:Lampung
517:Enggano
485:Angkola
405:Sumatra
246:Sources
198:Liberia
165:slavery
120:Ashanti
116:Sumatra
94:History
70:of the
1505:Korean
1500:Jewish
1473:Indian
1396:Wemale
1386:Tobelo
1376:Lisela
1371:Kayeli
1342:Nuaulu
1255:Loloan
1235:Helong
1175:Wolani
1165:Wambon
1160:Tobati
1125:Marind
1110:Kombai
1045:Mamasa
1015:Pamona
955:Bungku
838:Tidung
814:Selako
790:Lebbo'
785:Kenyah
763:Sa'ban
740:Banjar
698:Bawean
656:Betawi
628:Rejang
552:Asahan
542:Lembak
500:Pakpak
325:
293:
269:
223:Askari
112:Elmina
1525:Totok
1483:Tamil
1332:Alune
1327:Alfur
1302:Tetum
1292:Sumba
1287:Sikka
1277:Sasak
1250:Malay
1240:Kemak
1230:Bunak
1210:Atoni
1155:Tehit
1140:Nduga
1080:Bauzi
1075:Asmat
1057:Papua
1020:Rampi
990:Malay
980:Lindu
930:Suluk
925:Bajau
903:Berau
898:Malay
862:Ngaju
833:Murut
780:Kayan
775:Bahau
745:Dayak
715:Baduy
705:Malay
676:Osing
567:Lahat
547:Malay
527:Kluet
480:Batak
453:Sakai
438:Mante
428:Bonai
423:Batin
56:Black
1490:Indo
1426:Arab
1359:Buru
1282:Savu
1267:Nage
1205:Abui
1185:Yaur
1180:Yali
1145:Sawi
1135:Moni
1120:Lani
1100:Fayu
1090:Dani
1065:Abun
1030:Seko
1010:Muna
915:Moro
889:Krio
821:Iban
648:Java
613:Nias
577:Riau
562:Deli
537:Laut
522:Gayo
490:Karo
475:Alas
433:Lubu
418:Akit
323:ISBN
291:ISBN
267:ISBN
190:Java
1130:Mek
1542::
134:,
378:e
371:t
364:v
329:)
275:.
46:(
24:.
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