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The
Benteng program was executed in several steps, with significant changes in each step in terms of economic opportunities and access. Its main program covered imports, as the required funds were the least. Further, the role of Dutch companies were seen to be most significant in this area,
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The program started by earmarking the importation of certain goods to pribumi businesses. Requirements for obtaining general import licenses were then changed. In 1950 it was decreed importing trading companies have to have at least 70% of its shares owned by
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The program was devised as a means to nurture the role of
Indonesian nationals in the economic development while avoiding conflict of interest with foreign companies, especially those from the Netherlands.
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announced to foreign companies in
Indonesia that the recovery of the economy of Indonesia following the revolution requires all available funds, foreign and domestic. In 1953 the Minister of Finance
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Cabinet and
Secretary of Finance Sumitro Djojohadikusumo. Its ethnic-based requirements were scrapped and replaced by downpayment requirements.
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stated that the role of foreign companies in the economy of
Indonesia needs to be formally clarified in future national development plans.
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In May and June 1953, increasing this percentage was considered in debate, which brought up allegations of discrimination against the
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The formation of the Karya
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The
Importance of Indonesianisasi during the Transition from the 1930s to the 1960s
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private companies that still existed in
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The 1950s saw increased political pressure to nationalize
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294:in 1950 and lasted up until Prime Minister
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286:in order to hasten the development of an
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154:Relevant discussion may be found on the
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