17:
79:, "The Berne Riddles are especially interesting for the author's familiarity with the North Italian landscape and its plants. Whoever he was, we may safely call him the first medieval riddle-master in Italy". Some scholars have proposed that the Bern Riddles originated in early England, where several early medieval collections of verse riddles were created, including the Enigmata of Aldhelm. However, it is more probable that the Bern Riddles were written under the influence of Aldhelm's collection and therefore post-date it.
16:
68:
Although it has been suggested that they were composed in late antiquity, most scholars consider that the Bern
Riddles were inspired by the c. fourth-century collection of riddles attributed to
1176:, ed. by Megan Cavell and Neville Mogford, with Matthias Ammon and Victoria Symons (2013-). An edition and English translation of the Bern Riddles begun in 2020.
982:
75:
The author of the Bern
Riddles is not known but the book might have been written by "a Lombard familiar with Mediterranean flora and food". According to
1368:
1070:
1452:
1393:
1481:
1225:, ed. by Stefan Esders, Yaniv Fox, Yitzhak Hen and Laury Sarti (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019), pp. 265-80;
1043:
886:
1447:, ed. by Megan Cavell and Jennifer Neville (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2020), pp. 230–46
1341:
Tatuini omnia opera, Variae collectiones aenigmatum merovingicae aetatis, Anonymus de dubiis nominibus
1148:
Tatuini omnia opera, Variae collectiones aenigmatum merovingicae aetatis, Anonymus de dubiis nominibus
1306:
Say What I am Called: The Old
English Riddles of the Exeter Book and the Anglo-Latin Riddle Tradition
1208:
1358:
1166:
1429:
Thomas Klein, 'Pater
Occultus: The Latin Bern Riddles and Their Place in Early Medieval Riddling',
1270:
Finch, Chauncey E. (1967). "Codex Vat. Barb. Lat. 721 as a Source for the
Riddles of Symphosius".
1287:
1066:
52:
riddles, named after the location of their earliest surviving manuscript, which today is held in
1221:
David Ganz, 'In the Circle of the Bishop of
Bourges: Bern 611 and Late Merovingian Culture], in
1448:
1389:
1364:
1223:
East and West in the Early Middle Ages: The
Merovingian Kingdoms in Mediterranean Perspective
940:
1476:
1456:
1434:
1279:
1252:
1226:
1183:
1113:
1357:
Bitterli, Dieter (2023). "Die Berner Rätsel / Aenigmata
Bernensia: Lateinisch - deutsch".
1339:
aenigmata quaestionum artis rhetoricae ', ed. by Fr. Glorie, trans. by Karl J. Minst, in
1145:
aenigmata quaestionum artis rhetoricae ', ed. by Fr. Glorie, trans. by Karl J. Minst, in
1344:
1152:
1470:
76:
1343:, Corpus christianorum: series latina, 133-133a, 2 vols (Turnholt: Brepols, 1968),
1151:, Corpus christianorum: series latina, 133-133a, 2 vols (Turnholt: Brepols, 1968),
897:
The Bern
Riddles come down to us in the twelve medieval manuscripts, including:
1460:
1093:
1438:
1230:
1097:
69:
1445:
Riddles at Work in the Early
Medieval Tradition: Words, Ideas, Interactions
1443:
Neville Mogford, 'The Moon and Stars in the Bern and Eusebius Riddles', in
1187:
1256:
1291:
1101:
57:
1413:
829:
since Nature makes my head go beneath my shoots/the soles of my feet.
1410:
Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association
1272:
Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association
1408:
Chauncey E. Finch, 'The Bern Riddles in Codex Vat. Reg. Lat. 1553',
1283:
1243:
Finch, Chauncey E.; Barb, Lat (1973). "and Newberry Case MS f 11'".
819:
I am brought forth, born from my mother, with many-layered clothing;
1173:
The Riddle Ages: Old English Riddles, Translations and Commentaries
20:
Bern, Burgerbibliothek, Cod. 611, f. 73v: two of the Bern Riddles (
49:
15:
1172:
28:, table), from the manuscript that gives the collection its name.
1182:, ed. and trans. by Dieter Bitterli (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2023),
53:
836:
788:
1180:
Die Berner Rätsel / Aenigmata Bernensia: Lateinisch - deutsch
825:
I live though interred, and from that place I resume my life.
1321:(Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1948), p. 59.
823:
I carry my parents, from whom I am born, in my womb/stomach;
1386:
Die Berner Rätsel/Aenigmata Bernensia: Lateinisch - deutsch
869:
in conceiving I am never delighted by the embrace of a man.
875:
Thereafter, covering their mother with an ornate blanket,
1308:(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2009), p. 22
877:
the weak often break the strong with a sharp point.
871:
But as my sons grow strong beneath my hiding-places,
1158:Strecker, Karl (ed). “Aenigmata Hexasticha.” MGH:
1137:Key modern editions of the Bern Riddles include:
873:each ruptures my body with a wound as it is born.
827:I can never grow up, nurtured, to a great height,
87:The subjects of the Bern Riddles are as follows:
60:): the early eighth-century Codex Bernensis 611.
867:Soft as I am, I produce sons from my hard heart;
852:Meum quisque nascens disrumpit uulnere corpus.
850:Sed dum infra meis concrescunt fili latebris,
8:
1146:
842:
821:I cannot have a body if I lose my clothing.
806:Superis eductus nec umquam crescere possum,
800:Nec habere corpus possum, si uestem amitto.
794:
773:
762:
751:
740:
729:
718:
707:
696:
685:
662:
651:
641:
630:
619:
609:
598:
587:
576:
565:
555:
545:
534:
523:
512:
501:
490:
479:
468:
457:
446:
435:
424:
413:
402:
391:
380:
369:
358:
347:
336:
325:
314:
303:
292:
281:
270:
259:
248:
237:
226:
215:
204:
193:
182:
171:
160:
149:
138:
127:
116:
105:
94:
899:
848:In conceptu numquam amplexu uiri delector.
802:Meos, unde nasco, in uentre fero parentes;
943:. Parts of this manuscripts are missing.
854:Postquam decorato uelantes tegmine matrem
808:Dum natura caput facit succedere plantis.
798:Multiplici ueste natus de matre productor
804:Viuo nam sepultus, uitam et inde resumo.
1360:Die Berner Rätsel / Aenigmata Bernensia
1199:
856:Saepe delicati frangunt acumine fortes.
846:Mollis ego duro de corde genero natos;
7:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1162:Vol. 4.2; Berlin, 1914. pp. 732-759.
1414:https://www.jstor.org/stable/283806
1209:"Bern, Burgerbibliothek, Cod. 611"
48:, are a collection of 64 rhythmic
14:
1363:. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter (A).
1335:'Aenigmata in Dei nomine Tullii
1141:'Aenigmata in Dei nomine Tullii
1319:The Literary Riddle before 1600
1412:, 92 (1961), 145-55 (p. 145);
557:de vermicolis siricis formatis
1:
1388:. Berlin Boston: De Gruyter.
1207:Mittenhuber, Florian (2016).
1160:Poetae Latini aevi Carolingi,
72:, and date to around 700 AD.
56:(though probably produced in
1081:Cod. Vatican Reg. Lat. 1553
1461:10.7765/9781526133724.00028
1069:. Sometimes referred to as
885:The riddles are written in
1498:
1439:10.1007/s11061-018-9586-4
1384:Bitterli, Dieter (2023).
1231:10.1017/9781316941072.018
1133:Editions and translations
951:Cod. Berlin Philipps 167
1304:Bitterli, Dieter (2009)
1096:. Mixed with riddles of
887:Latin rhythmic hexameter
1482:Medieval texts in Latin
970:Cod. Leipzig Rep. I 74
1147:
863:
843:
840:
815:
795:
792:
774:
763:
752:
741:
730:
719:
708:
697:
686:
663:
652:
642:
631:
620:
610:
599:
588:
577:
566:
556:
546:
535:
524:
513:
502:
491:
480:
469:
458:
447:
436:
425:
414:
403:
392:
381:
370:
359:
348:
337:
326:
315:
304:
293:
282:
271:
260:
249:
238:
227:
216:
205:
194:
183:
172:
161:
150:
139:
128:
117:
106:
95:
29:
1433:103 (2019): 399–417,
1188:10.1515/9783111337319
1121:12th c. (first half)
1054:Cod. Paris Lat. 8071
1031:Cod. Paris Lat. 5596
19:
42:Aenigmata Hexasticha
1257:10.1484/J.MSS.3.726
1094:See manuscript here
1067:See manuscript here
1044:See manuscript here
983:See manuscript here
941:See manuscript here
901:
680:(bellows and purse)
38:Aenigmata Bernensia
934:8th c. (1st half)
917:Number of Riddles
900:
46:Riddles of Tullius
30:
1370:978-3-11-133731-9
1130:
1129:
1012:Cod. Vienna 2285
883:
882:
835:
834:
1489:
1417:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1354:
1348:
1333:
1322:
1315:
1309:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1240:
1234:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1204:
1167:The Bern Riddles
1150:
902:
858:
837:
810:
789:
777:
766:
755:
744:
733:
722:
711:
700:
689:
666:
655:
644:
634:
623:
612:
602:
591:
580:
569:
559:
549:
538:
527:
516:
505:
494:
483:
472:
461:
450:
439:
428:
417:
406:
395:
384:
373:
362:
351:
340:
329:
318:
307:
296:
285:
274:
263:
252:
241:
230:
219:
208:
197:
186:
175:
164:
153:
142:
131:
120:
109:
98:
36:, also known as
1497:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1467:
1466:
1426:
1424:Further reading
1421:
1420:
1407:
1403:
1396:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1334:
1325:
1317:Archer Taylor,
1316:
1312:
1303:
1299:
1284:10.2307/2935872
1269:
1268:
1264:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1220:
1216:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1135:
1087:9th c. (early)
1084:8v-21 (passim)
993:Cod. Vienna 67
895:
879:
876:
874:
872:
870:
868:
866:
860:
855:
853:
851:
849:
847:
845:
831:
828:
826:
824:
822:
820:
818:
812:
807:
805:
803:
801:
799:
797:
787:
782:
265:(juniper berry)
221:(grain of corn)
85:
66:
12:
11:
5:
1495:
1493:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1441:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1401:
1394:
1376:
1369:
1349:
1323:
1310:
1297:
1262:
1235:
1214:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1177:
1163:
1156:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1071:Codex Thuaneus
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
987:
986:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
964:
963:
961:
958:
955:
952:
949:
945:
944:
938:
935:
932:
929:
928:Cod. Bern 611
926:
922:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
894:
891:
881:
880:
861:
833:
832:
813:
786:
783:
781:
780:
769:
758:
747:
736:
725:
714:
703:
692:
681:
675:
669:
658:
647:
637:
626:
615:
605:
594:
583:
572:
561:
552:
541:
530:
519:
508:
497:
486:
475:
464:
453:
442:
431:
420:
409:
398:
387:
376:
365:
354:
343:
332:
321:
310:
299:
288:
277:
266:
255:
244:
233:
222:
211:
200:
189:
178:
167:
156:
155:(glass beaker)
145:
134:
123:
112:
101:
89:
84:
81:
65:
62:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1494:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1453:9781526133724
1450:
1446:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1431:Neophilologus
1428:
1427:
1423:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1397:
1395:9783111333076
1391:
1387:
1380:
1377:
1372:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1266:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1215:
1210:
1203:
1200:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1132:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1057:no foliation
1056:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
988:
984:
981:
978:
976:9th (middle)
975:
972:
969:
966:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
946:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
923:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
903:
898:
892:
890:
888:
878:
862:
859:
857:
844:LII. De rosa.
839:
838:
830:
814:
811:
809:
791:
790:
784:
778:
776:
770:
767:
765:
759:
756:
754:
748:
745:
743:
737:
734:
732:
726:
723:
721:
715:
712:
710:
704:
701:
699:
693:
690:
688:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
665:
659:
656:
654:
648:
645:
643:
638:
635:
633:
627:
624:
622:
616:
613:
611:
606:
603:
601:
595:
592:
590:
584:
581:
579:
573:
570:
568:
562:
558:
553:
550:
548:
542:
539:
537:
531:
528:
526:
520:
517:
515:
509:
506:
504:
498:
495:
493:
487:
484:
482:
476:
473:
471:
465:
462:
460:
454:
451:
449:
443:
440:
438:
432:
429:
427:
421:
418:
416:
410:
407:
405:
399:
396:
394:
388:
385:
383:
377:
374:
372:
366:
363:
361:
355:
352:
350:
344:
341:
339:
333:
330:
328:
322:
319:
317:
311:
308:
306:
300:
297:
295:
289:
286:
284:
278:
275:
273:
267:
264:
262:
256:
253:
251:
245:
242:
240:
234:
231:
229:
223:
220:
218:
212:
209:
207:
201:
198:
196:
190:
187:
185:
179:
176:
174:
168:
165:
163:
157:
154:
152:
146:
143:
141:
135:
132:
130:
124:
121:
119:
113:
110:
108:
102:
99:
97:
91:
90:
88:
82:
80:
78:
77:Archer Taylor
73:
71:
63:
61:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
27:
23:
18:
1444:
1430:
1409:
1404:
1385:
1379:
1359:
1352:
1340:
1336:
1318:
1313:
1305:
1300:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1222:
1217:
1202:
1179:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1142:
1136:
1037:9th (early)
896:
884:
864:
841:
816:
796:LI. De alio.
793:
772:
761:
750:
739:
728:
717:
706:
695:
684:
678:
672:
661:
650:
640:
629:
618:
608:
597:
586:
575:
567:de margarita
564:
544:
533:
525:de muscipula
522:
511:
500:
489:
478:
467:
456:
445:
434:
423:
412:
401:
390:
379:
368:
357:
346:
335:
324:
313:
302:
291:
280:
269:
258:
247:
236:
225:
214:
203:
192:
181:
170:
159:
148:
137:
126:
115:
104:
93:
86:
74:
67:
45:
41:
37:
34:Bern Riddles
33:
31:
25:
24:, salt, and
21:
1245:Manuscripta
893:Manuscripts
817:51. Garlic.
646:(parchment)
600:de castanea
560:(silkworms)
529:(mousetrap)
360:de litteris
353:(parchment)
349:de membrana
254:(palm-tree)
232:(grapevine)
188:(millstone)
1471:Categories
1278:: 173–79.
1194:References
1098:Symphosius
764:de stellis
604:(chestnut)
437:de spongia
404:de speculo
107:de lucerna
70:Symphosius
1112:Chicago,
996:168v-170
920:Comments
865:52. Rose.
621:de pluuia
589:de malleo
547:de glacie
514:de hedera
503:de glacie
492:de pipere
485:(saffron)
426:de nympha
393:de sirico
386:(papyrus)
382:de papiro
375:(mustard)
371:de sinapi
364:(letters)
298:(beeswax)
272:de cribro
261:de cedria
166:(bladder)
162:de uesica
151:de calice
129:de scamno
1347:541-610.
1251:: 3–11.
1155:541–610.
1116:MS f.11
1114:Newberry
1018:14th c.
999:12th c.
957:ca. 800
785:Examples
757:(shadow)
753:de umbra
742:de caelo
698:de uerbo
674:(pestle)
657:(garlic)
614:(walnut)
593:(hammer)
578:de terra
536:de uento
496:(pepper)
481:de croco
470:de lilio
452:(violet)
448:de uiola
441:(sponge)
430:(siphon)
415:de pisce
408:(mirror)
305:de melle
283:de scopa
250:de palma
239:de oliua
217:de grano
199:(ladder)
195:de scala
140:de mensa
83:Subjects
26:De mensa
1477:Riddles
1292:2935872
1102:Aldhelm
1060:9th c.
1015:206-12
973:15v-24
954:37v-45
931:73-80v
911:Folios
905:Siglum
775:de uino
768:(stars)
731:de luna
720:de luna
709:de sole
687:de sole
664:de rosa
653:de alio
632:de uino
582:(earth)
571:(pearl)
459:de rosa
338:de igne
331:(sheep)
309:(honey)
294:de cera
287:(broom)
276:(sieve)
243:(olive)
228:de uite
206:de naue
184:de mola
144:(table)
133:(stool)
118:de sale
96:de olla
58:Bourges
22:De sale
1451:
1392:
1367:
1290:
779:(wine)
735:(moon)
724:(moon)
702:(word)
668:(rose)
636:(wine)
625:(rain)
540:(wind)
474:(lily)
463:(rose)
419:(fish)
397:(silk)
342:(fire)
327:de oue
316:de ape
210:(ship)
173:de ouo
122:(salt)
111:(lamp)
64:Origin
1288:JSTOR
1170:, in
1034:165-
914:Date
908:Name
746:(sky)
713:(sun)
691:(sun)
639:50a.
551:(ice)
518:(ivy)
507:(ice)
320:(bee)
177:(egg)
100:(pot)
50:Latin
1449:ISBN
1390:ISBN
1365:ISBN
1100:and
771:63.
760:62.
749:61.
738:60.
727:59.
716:58.
705:57.
694:56.
683:55.
677:54.
671:53.
660:52.
649:51.
628:50.
617:49.
607:48.
596:47.
585:46.
574:45.
563:44.
554:43.
543:42.
532:41.
521:40.
510:39.
499:38.
488:37.
477:36.
466:35.
455:34.
444:33.
433:32.
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411:30.
400:29.
389:28.
378:27.
367:26.
356:25.
345:24.
334:23.
323:22.
312:21.
301:20.
290:19.
279:18.
268:17.
257:16.
246:15.
235:14.
224:13.
213:12.
202:11.
191:10.
54:Bern
44:or
32:The
1457:doi
1435:doi
1337:seu
1280:doi
1253:doi
1227:doi
1184:doi
1143:seu
1124:62
1090:52
1021:62
1002:62
979:63
960:61
937:33
180:9.
169:8.
158:7.
147:6.
136:5.
125:4.
114:3.
103:2.
92:1.
1473::
1455:,
1345:II
1326:^
1286:.
1276:98
1274:.
1249:17
1247:.
1153:II
1109:A
1104:.
1078:U
1073:.
1063:2
1051:Q
1046:.
1040:9
1028:Q
1009:W
990:W
985:.
967:R
948:I
925:H
889:.
40:,
1463:.
1459::
1437::
1416:.
1398:.
1373:.
1294:.
1282::
1259:.
1255::
1233:.
1229::
1211:.
1186::
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