40:
20:
1463:
2016:
1485:
914:
983:
1871:
1736:
1962:
1713:
1028:
1939:
1621:
1508:
1188:
1119:
937:
1349:
1257:
1074:
1530:
1280:
1234:
892:
1985:
1848:
1803:
1667:
1644:
960:
1780:
1758:
1690:
1598:
1552:
1417:
1371:
1916:
1825:
1575:
1394:
1303:
1211:
1051:
1326:
1165:
1142:
1005:
1894:
1440:
1096:
32:
640:
the unfavorable weather conditions for agriculture associated with the altitude. Naturally, mainly beech forests and beech-oak forests would grow on the hillsides. However, since the considerable deforestation in the early modern period, large areas have been reforested with spruce, which was not native to the region. The
769:
Even in those districts of
Cologne on the right bank of the Rhine that are historically and geographically part of the Bergisches Land, it can be seen that there is hardly any sense of belonging to the Bergisches Land, and that the inhabitants of these districts almost exclusively see themselves as
639:
also defines the area as a recreational area. Although the proportion of forest is quite large, there are only a few larger contiguous forest areas. Forested mountain ranges in long waves and meadow valleys characterize the landscape. To the east, the proportion of forest landscape increases due to
751:, Remscheid, Solingen and the districts of Mettmann, Oberberg and Rhein-Berg. In addition to the cities of Wuppertal, Remscheid and Solingen, as well as the Rheinisch-Bergisch and Oberbergisch districts, the Mettmann district belongs to the Bergisches Land cultural region.
455:
in the south. To the east it merges into the
Sauerland without a recognizable scenic border. Political and cultural differences alone determine the course of the border between the two historical landscapes, which, however, roughly corresponds to the eastern
2189:
862:
After the industrial downturn from the 1960s on, the region lost importance but cooperations by
Bergisches Land entrepreneurs, active citizens and politicians are bringing back some regional awareness and economic power.
789:, which according to the prevailing regional awareness is part of the Bergisches Land region. The long-established population in particular has a very strong sense of belonging to the Bergisches Land.
762:, which was created in 1929 and forms the economic, cultural and industrial center of the eastern Bergisches Land. However, the south of the region has now developed a stronger connection to
2215:
2193:
708:
Today, the
Bergisches Land corresponds to the "Bergisches Land low mountain range region". In the formerly Bergisch Rhine and Ruhr cities (Düsseldorf, southern districts of Oberhausen,
561:
2330:
2156:
2315:
2271:
811:
Amongst the population today, a sense of belonging to the region
Bergisches Land is notable in the hilly northern part, but not so much anymore in the areas near the
723:
and Mülheim an der Ruhr), the population's historical affiliation with the
Bergisch region is hardly still present. In these places, people mostly see themselves as
2320:
471:
The largest part of the
Bergisches Land is characterized by a varied low mountain range landscape with forests, meadows and hills as well as narrow
2122:
2097:
2034:
735:, only the eastern areas are referred to as "Bergisches Land", whereas the western ones are counted as part of the unclearly circumscribed "
161:
2160:
655:
on the southern edge of the
Bergisches Land is one of the largest forest areas and largely uninhabited. Another large forest area is the
150:
146:
780:
138:
775:
851:
as coal-mining area and gave birth to research on, and the theoretical underlining of social entrepreneurship and socialism:
309:
732:
2021:
156:
202:
2063:
228:
39:
847:
were the trading- and industrial capitals of
Prussia at that time. This economic upswing caused the expansion of the
731:. Above the Rhine plain, however, people take their affiliation to the Bergisches Land for granted. In the news of
506:
with small streams. Except for the areas that transition into the
Sauerland, the Bergisches Land is referred to as
2138:
629:
2310:
59:
265:
in Düsseldorf's coat of arms still points to the historical affiliation of Düsseldorf to the Bergisches Land.
514:
155:. The adjectival Latin term terre Montensis, i.e. of the Bergisches Land, was first recorded in writing in a
2325:
2029:
831:
The region became famous during the period of its early industrialisation in the 19th century. At that time
578:
351:
346:
90:. The landscape is shaped by forests, meadows, rivers and creeks and contains over twenty artificial lakes.
19:
634:
314:), and the areas on the western border also included the area on the right bank of the Rhine, Cologne near
216:, most of which received city rights from the 13th century. The seat of the counts and dukes was initially
1490:
1468:
1239:
801:, who gave the region its name. The Duchy was dissolved in 1815 and in 1822 the region became part of the
269:
236:
75:
24:
375:
370:
690:
656:
519:
359:
646:
381:
1462:
709:
606:
740:
671:
525:
327:
315:
255:
1484:
583:
567:
552:
472:
217:
610:
536:
and - compared to the low mountain range landscape - is very little structured. Here, with a few
254:, which the dukes became a representative residence - and expanded the capital of the Duchy. The
240:
541:
641:
2118:
2093:
919:
617:
285:
132:. The region also owes its name to the former sovereigns, the Counts (and later Dukes) of the
695:
364:
300:
245:
1399:
852:
601:
481:
425:
260:
913:
211:
207:
812:
744:
621:
457:
982:
680:
676:
1944:
1876:
1870:
1741:
1735:
1193:
805:
661:
597:
433:
421:
190:
71:
1961:
1712:
1027:
718:
714:
2304:
1718:
1445:
1033:
988:
820:
798:
755:
754:
The capital of the Bergisches Land is usually no longer seen as the historic capital
667:
572:
557:
533:
465:
385:
251:
133:
129:
94:
is the biggest town, while the southern part has economic and socio-cultural ties to
65:
1938:
1620:
1507:
1187:
1118:
936:
587:
1626:
1513:
1348:
1256:
1124:
1073:
942:
856:
797:
Bergisches Land used to be territory of the County of Berg, which later became the
468:, while the (western) Sauerland is mainly drained by the Ruhr and its tributaries.
452:
444:
405:
340:
332:
323:
186:
1535:
1529:
1279:
1233:
891:
401:
546:
493:
485:
2115:
Geschichte des Bergischen Landes, Band 1: Bis zum Ende des alten Herzogtums 1806
2090:
Geschichte des Bergischen Landes, Band 1: Bis zum Ende des alten Herzogtums 1806
1984:
1967:
1853:
1847:
1802:
1666:
1643:
1354:
1262:
1079:
959:
771:
593:
409:
393:
2139:"Kulturregionen: Bergisches Land und Rheinschiene – Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis"
1779:
1757:
1689:
1597:
1551:
1416:
1370:
318:. Smaller areas on the left bank of the Rhine belonging to the duchy were also
2044:
2011:
1915:
1824:
1695:
1574:
1393:
1302:
1285:
1210:
1050:
897:
786:
440:
281:
170:
44:
2286:
2273:
2067:
222:
2039:
1990:
1808:
1672:
1649:
1325:
1164:
1141:
1004:
965:
816:
759:
748:
747:
Bergisches Land. The Bergisches Land cultural region includes the cities of
736:
728:
724:
507:
429:
319:
305:
174:
99:
91:
1893:
1216:
650:
142:
2216:""Das Ruhrgebiet! Von der Steinzeit bis zur Kulturhauptsatdt 2010" part 2"
1439:
1095:
524:, a plain without significant elevations, which is highly sprawled by the
166:, although terra de Monte or Land von Berg appeared in earlier documents.
1785:
1763:
1603:
1557:
1422:
1376:
389:
294:
290:
273:
232:
198:
194:
178:
103:
1921:
1830:
1580:
1308:
1056:
802:
763:
686:
529:
477:
95:
79:
31:
1331:
1170:
1147:
1010:
832:
501:
461:
182:
2174:
2157:"Kreisverwaltung Mettmann / Regionale Kulturpolitik Bergisches Land"
489:
1899:
537:
448:
397:
277:
83:
30:
18:
2259:
336:
268:
The northern parts of the Bergisches Land included the cities of
2236:
1101:
848:
87:
35:
View of the woods of Burg with a typical Bergisches farmhouse
432:. The Süder Uplands represent the north-eastern part of the
424:
Bergisches Land lies almost entirely in the main unit group
408:
and today's district seat of the Oberbergischer district:
250:(today a district of Solingen) and then from 1386 to 1822
870:
774:
district of Cologne, which arose in the course of the
513:
Westwards from the low mountain range, across various
2113:
Kurt Wesoly, Stefan Gorißen and Horst Sassin (2014).
2088:
Kurt Wesoly, Stefan Gorißen and Horst Sassin (2014).
2064:"North Rhine-Westphalia experience, Bergisches Land"
392:'s time. This originally non-Bergisch area includes
384:, on the other hand, were only added to the Grand
2117:(in German). Bergische Forschungen. p. 26.
2092:(in German). Bergische Forschungen. p. 25.
885:Part of the Bergisches Land in local awareness
624:for the inhabitants of the surrounding cities.
510:due to the advanced erosion of the mountains.
128:The Bergisches Land emerged from the historic
2331:Cultural landscapes of North Rhine-Westphalia
8:
499:
2262:by Bergisches Land Tourismus Marketing e.V
98:. Wuppertal and the neighbouring cities of
43:Iuliacensis et Montensis Ducatus, 1645, by
884:
881:
2316:Mountain ranges of North Rhine-Westphalia
776:Regional Reform in North Rhine-Westphalia
428:, which also includes almost the entire
38:
2055:
785:and borders on Bergisch Gladbach and
58:
7:
157:Bergisch office constitution in 1363
169:Important places in the duchy were
106:form the Bergisches Städtedreieck (
2237:"Cooperation "Berg City Triangle""
2035:Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company
770:Rhinelanders. An exception is the
14:
2321:Regions of North Rhine-Westphalia
2014:
1983:
1960:
1937:
1914:
1892:
1869:
1846:
1823:
1801:
1778:
1756:
1734:
1711:
1688:
1665:
1642:
1619:
1596:
1573:
1550:
1528:
1506:
1483:
1461:
1438:
1415:
1392:
1369:
1347:
1324:
1301:
1278:
1255:
1232:
1209:
1186:
1163:
1140:
1117:
1094:
1072:
1049:
1026:
1003:
981:
958:
935:
912:
890:
882:Part of the dukedom Berg (1789)
436:on the right bank of the Rhine.
2066:. tourismus NRW. Archived from
1:
2022:North Rhine-Westphalia portal
2000:
1997:
1982:
1977:
1974:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1936:
1931:
1928:
1913:
1908:
1906:
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1886:
1883:
1868:
1863:
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1733:
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1702:
1687:
1682:
1679:
1664:
1659:
1656:
1641:
1636:
1633:
1618:
1613:
1610:
1595:
1590:
1587:
1572:
1567:
1564:
1549:
1544:
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1527:
1523:
1520:
1505:
1500:
1497:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1460:
1455:
1452:
1437:
1432:
1429:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1391:
1386:
1383:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1346:
1341:
1338:
1323:
1318:
1315:
1300:
1295:
1292:
1277:
1272:
1269:
1254:
1249:
1246:
1231:
1226:
1223:
1208:
1203:
1200:
1185:
1180:
1177:
1162:
1157:
1154:
1139:
1134:
1131:
1116:
1111:
1108:
1093:
1088:
1071:
1066:
1063:
1048:
1043:
1040:
1025:
1020:
1017:
1002:
998:
995:
980:
975:
972:
957:
952:
949:
934:
929:
926:
911:
907:
904:
889:
235:, after the construction of
1881:Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
1700:Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
1585:Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
1562:Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
1267:Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
1221:Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
970:Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
924:Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
630:Nature Park Bergisches Land
577:, the spacious forest area
2349:
2214:Prof. Dr. Klaus Tenfelde.
2175:"Home | Rath/Heumar"
758:, but rather as the city
16:Mountain range in Germany
855:was born in Barmen to a
835:Valley was a historical
743:is also included in the
515:Bergische Heideterrasses
358:The former lordships of
60:[ˈbɛʁɡɪʃəsˈlant]
2030:Bergische Museumsbahnen
2260:www.bergisches-land.de
1491:Neunkirchen-Seelscheid
500:
76:North Rhine-Westphalia
47:
36:
28:
25:North Rhine-Westphalia
2264:(in German and Dutch)
2190:"Die Grafen von Berg"
1949:Oberbergischer Kreis
1904:Oberbergischer Kreis
1858:Oberbergischer Kreis
1654:Oberbergischer Kreis
1631:Oberbergischer Kreis
1540:Oberbergischer Kreis
1427:Oberbergischer Kreis
1359:Oberbergischer Kreis
1313:Oberbergischer Kreis
1198:Oberbergischer Kreis
1084:Oberbergischer Kreis
1038:Oberbergischer Kreis
947:Oberbergischer Kreis
42:
34:
22:
2287:51.05000°N 7.30694°E
867:Cities and districts
727:or belonging to the
540:relics, such as the
526:urban agglomerations
451:in the west and the
2283: /
1469:Mülheim an der Ruhr
270:Mülheim an der Ruhr
839:. Its twin cities
704:Modern definitions
657:Heckenberg Forrest
447:in the north, the
241:Burg an der Wupper
108:Berg City Triangle
48:
37:
29:
2292:51.05000; 7.30694
2239:. Kompetenz Hoch3
2143:www.rbk-direkt.de
2124:978-3-89534-971-3
2099:978-3-89534-971-3
2005:
2004:
1926:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
1813:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
1768:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
1746:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
1723:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
1518:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
1495:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
1450:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
1336:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
1152:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
1015:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
920:Bergisch Gladbach
902:Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
741:Mettmann district
443:borders form the
382:Oberberg district
86:and south of the
23:Bergisches Land,
2338:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2265:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2192:. Archived from
2188:Claudia Tenten.
2185:
2179:
2178:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2159:. Archived from
2153:
2147:
2146:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2060:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2017:
1987:
1964:
1941:
1918:
1896:
1873:
1850:
1827:
1805:
1782:
1760:
1738:
1715:
1692:
1669:
1646:
1623:
1600:
1577:
1554:
1532:
1510:
1487:
1465:
1442:
1419:
1396:
1373:
1351:
1328:
1305:
1282:
1259:
1236:
1213:
1190:
1167:
1144:
1121:
1098:
1076:
1053:
1030:
1007:
985:
962:
939:
916:
894:
871:
853:Friedrich Engels
827:Economic upswing
784:
722:
699:
684:
665:
654:
638:
622:recreation areas
614:
591:
576:
565:
550:
523:
505:
497:
379:
368:
355:
344:
313:
298:
264:
249:
226:
215:
165:
154:
74:in the state of
62:
57:
2348:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2311:Bergisches Land
2301:
2300:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2263:
2256:
2251:
2242:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2221:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2199:
2197:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2125:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2100:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2073:
2071:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2020:
2015:
2013:
2010:
1995:no affiliation
1972:Kreis Mettmann
1835:Kreis Mettmann
1790:no affiliation
1677:no affiliation
1608:Kreis Mettmann
1473:no affiliation
1404:Kreis Mettmann
1381:Kreis Mettmann
1290:no affiliation
1244:Kreis Mettmann
1175:Kreis Mettmann
1129:Kreis Mettmann
1106:Kreis Mettmann
1061:Kreis Mettmann
993:no affiliation
869:
829:
819:or the city of
813:Cologne Lowland
795:
778:
745:cultural region
712:
706:
693:
674:
659:
644:
632:
618:nature reserves
604:
592:and individual
581:
570:
555:
544:
517:
475:
418:
373:
362:
349:
330:
303:
288:
258:
243:
220:
205:
159:
136:
126:
121:
116:
55:
52:Bergisches Land
17:
12:
11:
5:
2346:
2345:
2342:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2326:Rhenish Massif
2323:
2318:
2313:
2303:
2302:
2267:
2266:
2255:
2254:External links
2252:
2250:
2249:
2228:
2206:
2180:
2166:
2163:on 2021-06-12.
2148:
2130:
2123:
2105:
2098:
2080:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1988:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1965:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1942:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1919:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1897:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1877:Wermelskirchen
1874:
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1742:Sankt Augustin
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1519:
1516:
1511:
1503:
1502:
1499:
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1471:
1466:
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1405:
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1397:
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876:City/district
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837:Silicon Valley
828:
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806:Rhine Province
794:
791:
710:Duisburg-South
705:
702:
598:Lake Unterbach
498:s also called
434:Rhenish Massif
422:natural region
417:
416:Geographically
414:
404:, the town of
125:
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82:, east of the
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1034:Engelskirchen
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799:Duchy of Berg
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668:Engelskirchen
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426:Süder Uplands
423:
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386:Duchy of Berg
383:
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134:House of Berg
131:
130:Duchy of Berg
123:
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85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
67:
61:
53:
46:
41:
33:
26:
21:
2268:
2241:. Retrieved
2231:
2220:. Retrieved
2209:
2198:. Retrieved
2194:the original
2183:
2169:
2161:the original
2151:
2142:
2133:
2114:
2108:
2089:
2083:
2072:. Retrieved
2068:the original
2058:
1627:Radevormwald
1514:Niederkassel
1125:Heiligenhaus
943:Bergneustadt
879:affiliation
861:
857:textile mill
844:
840:
836:
830:
810:
796:
768:
753:
725:Rhinelanders
707:
627:
616:
594:quarry lakes
568:Ohligs Heath
553:Hilden Heath
512:
473:notch valley
470:
438:
419:
406:Bergneustadt
357:
324:Rodenkirchen
267:
239:the town of
218:Berge Castle
187:Radevormwald
168:
127:
124:Historically
107:
64:
51:
49:
2290: /
2218:(in German)
1945:Wipperfürth
1355:Marienheide
1263:Leichlingen
1194:Hückeswagen
1080:Gummersbach
779: [
772:Rath/Heumar
713: [
694: [
675: [
660: [
645: [
633: [
615:, valuable
605: [
582: [
579:Königsforst
571: [
556: [
545: [
518: [
476: [
410:Gummersbach
394:Marienheide
380:in today's
374: [
363: [
350: [
331: [
304: [
289: [
272:, parts of
259: [
244: [
237:Burg Castle
221: [
206: [
203:Blankenberg
191:Wipperfürth
160: [
137: [
119:Demarcation
70:) is a low
2305:Categories
2275:51°03′00″N
2243:2001-11-20
2222:2001-11-20
2200:2001-11-20
2074:2001-11-20
2051:References
2045:Berg house
1286:Leverkusen
1240:Langenfeld
989:Düsseldorf
898:Bad Honnef
821:Düsseldorf
756:Düsseldorf
596:, such as
542:Wahn Heath
534:Düsseldorf
458:watersheds
441:orographic
282:Oberhausen
252:Düsseldorf
171:Gerresheim
2278:7°18′25″E
2040:Rhineland
1991:Wuppertal
1809:Troisdorf
1673:Remscheid
1650:Reichshof
1536:Nümbrecht
966:Burscheid
845:Elberfeld
817:Ruhr area
760:Wuppertal
749:Wuppertal
737:Rhineland
729:Ruhr area
642:Nutscheid
508:peneplain
430:Sauerland
402:Nümbrecht
320:Wesseling
229:Altenberg
175:Elberfeld
114:Geography
100:Remscheid
92:Wuppertal
27:, Germany
2008:See also
1968:Wülfrath
1854:Waldbröl
1786:Solingen
1764:Siegburg
1604:Ratingen
1558:Odenthal
1423:Morsbach
1377:Mettmann
803:Prussian
691:Federath
666:between
439:Natural
390:Napoleon
286:Alstaden
274:Duisburg
233:Odenthal
199:Siegburg
195:Bensberg
179:Solingen
104:Solingen
1922:Windeck
1831:Velbert
1696:Rösrath
1581:Overath
1400:Monheim
1309:Lindlar
1057:Erkrath
859:owner.
793:History
787:Rösrath
764:Cologne
739:". The
687:Overath
600:or the
530:Cologne
388:during
371:Homburg
360:Gimborn
316:Mülheim
301:Dümpten
96:Cologne
80:Germany
68:Country
56:German:
2121:
2096:
1332:Lohmar
1217:Kürten
1171:Hilden
1148:Hennef
1011:Eitorf
841:Barmen
833:Wupper
815:, the
602:Elbsee
502:Siepen
462:Wupper
347:Langel
183:Lennep
1900:Wiehl
783:]
721:]
698:]
683:]
664:]
653:]
637:]
613:]
590:]
575:]
564:]
549:]
538:heath
522:]
496:]
466:Agger
449:Rhine
398:Wiehl
378:]
367:]
354:]
343:]
312:]
297:]
278:Essen
263:]
248:]
231:near
225:]
214:]
164:]
153:]
84:Rhine
45:Blaeu
2119:ISBN
2094:ISBN
1446:Much
1102:Haan
849:Ruhr
843:and
685:and
628:The
620:and
566:and
532:and
464:and
453:Sieg
445:Ruhr
420:The
369:and
345:and
299:and
280:and
201:and
102:and
88:Ruhr
66:Berg
50:The
733:WDR
647:arz
584:ceb
528:of
460:of
337:ksh
328:Orr
227:in
110:).
2307::
2141:.
2001:X
1998:X
1978:X
1975:X
1955:X
1952:X
1932:X
1929:X
1909:X
1887:X
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1861:X
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1816:X
1796:X
1793:X
1771:X
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1316:X
1296:X
1293:X
1273:X
1270:X
1250:X
1247:X
1227:X
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1204:X
1201:X
1181:X
1178:X
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1155:X
1135:X
1132:X
1112:X
1109:X
1089:X
1067:X
1064:X
1044:X
1041:X
1021:X
1018:X
996:X
976:X
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953:X
950:X
930:X
927:X
905:X
823:.
808:.
781:de
766:.
719:it
717:;
715:de
700:.
696:de
681:ro
679:;
677:de
670:,
662:de
651:de
649:;
635:de
611:zh
609:;
607:de
588:de
586:;
573:de
562:ru
560:;
558:de
551:,
547:de
520:de
494:pt
492:;
490:nl
488:;
486:ja
484:;
482:fr
480:;
478:de
412:.
400:,
396:,
376:de
365:de
352:de
341:nl
339:;
335:;
333:de
326:,
322:,
310:pl
308:;
306:de
295:nl
293:;
291:de
276:,
261:de
246:de
223:de
212:nl
210:;
208:de
197:,
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189:,
185:,
181:,
177:,
173:,
162:de
151:uk
149:;
147:ru
145:;
143:de
141:;
139:bg
78:,
63:,
2246:.
2225:.
2203:.
2177:.
2145:.
2127:.
2102:.
2077:.
689:-
284:(
54:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
