Knowledge (XXG)

Bewnans Ke

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394: 33: 1343: 1939: 753: 413:. The two are comparable in subject matter: they are the only known vernacular plays on saints' hagiographies to have been produced in Britain. The language in both works is similar and dates to the same era, leading to the conclusion that they originate around the same time and place. Both plays include the court at Goodern of the tyrannical king 315:
who gives him additional land. Stags come from the woods to plough Kea's fields in place of the oxen. Teudar tries to make recompense for the injury he has caused Kea, and offers him any land he can empark before Teudar gets out of a bath. With Owbra's aid Kea makes a concoction that causes Teudar to
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and then departs for France to meet Lucius. The two armies battle, and Arthur defeats and kills Lucius, and sends his severed head back to Rome. Meanwhile, Mordred and Guinevere conspire to usurp the throne, and Mordred is crowned king in Arthur's place. Arthur hears of this treachery and assembles
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has heard that Arthur refuses to recognize him. He sends twelve emissaries to exact tribute from Arthur. A gap occurs just after the emissaries arrive in Britain and greet the king. In the next extant section, Arthur refuses to pay tribute and sends the legates back to Lucius empty-handed. Lucius
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The manuscript was evidently created in the second half of the 16th century by a scribe copying a document dating perhaps to around 1500. Several leaves are missing, including the entire beginning and ending and, in two places, the copyist complains about the poor quality of the original. The
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of Kea, allowing gaps in the narrative to be tentatively filled. The play is divided into two distinct sections, which may indicate that it was intended for a two-day performance. The first section deals with the deeds and miracles of Kea, including his conflicts with the tyrannical king
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manuscript. John T. Koch finds the first section to be more dramatic and effective, calling the second section "stolid", though he notes its importance to Arthurian studies. On top of Cornish, the text is peppered with lines and words in English, Latin, and
153:. After Williams' death in 1999, his widow Gwen Williams donated his papers to the National Library in 2000, and the previously unknown play was identified by Graham Thomas during the cataloguing process. Thomas publicized his discovery in the 72:
and elsewhere. It was written around 1500 but survives only in an incomplete manuscript from the second half of the 16th century. The play was entirely unknown until 2000, when it was identified among the private collection of
177:, the only other surviving Cornish play concerning a saint's life. This and other similarities between the plays suggest that both were composed around the same time and in the same milieu, most probably at 496:. The National Library also created a digital copy of the manuscript which was released on the Library's web page in 2006. Prior to publication, study of the play was aided by a summary of the text by 268:
The lost beginning of the play probably recounted the events of Kea's early life, such as his birth to a noble family, his election as bishop, and his subsequent abdication in favour of life as a
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shows that Arthurian material had been added to the saint's story at an early period. This occurs in places that would be missing in the play, leading some scholars to regard it as a single work.
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was initially thought to represent two plays, as in its incomplete state it appears to consist of two distinct sections: one on the deeds of Kea and the other on the doings of
141:. The play has no title in the text; the National Library gave it its modern name after consulting scholars of Cornish. The manuscript had been in the personal collection of 500:, and a tentative translation by Michael Polkinhorn. These were released on the web and removed when the Thomas and Williams edition was published. Prior to this, in 2006 369:
Cheldric. Arthur returns to Britain, and the two armies clash. The text breaks off during a scene with Guinevere in the castle; the end is missing. If it followed the
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The substantial length and distinct nature of the two sections may imply that the play was intended for performance over the course of two days, as was the case with
393: 480:. Many words in the play are not attested in any other sources. The Cornish stage directions, though relatively few, contain some of the oldest known Cornish prose. 1251: 307:
being hunted by Teudar. In retaliation Teudar's men take Kea's oxen and then break three of the saint's teeth. The manuscript picks back up as Kea generates a
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were found in 1949. It is also of vast importance to the study of the Cornish language, as it provides valuable evidence of the state of Cornish in the
377:, Kea is summoned to mediate between Arthur and Mordred, but he comes to realize that the endeavour is futile. He heads back to Brittany, stopping in 316:
get stuck in the bath, allowing him to take much of Teudar's land. The rest of the first section is missing, but probably dealt with Kea's return to
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contains diagrams at the end of each section indicating the completion of a day's performance; these occur in places that would be missing in the
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confers with his advisors, and decides to raise his forces against Arthur. Leaving his nephew Mordred in charge, Arthur says his goodbyes to
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is one of only two known Cornish plays based on a saint's life; this and other evidence suggests some relationship with the other such work,
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at the beginning of the 16th century. It is possible that the surviving manuscripts of the two plays were brought to Wales together.
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The second section begins as King Arthur receives a long list of nobles at his court, including names familiar from
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The play consists of two long parts, one concerning the deeds and miracles of Saint Kea, and the other concerning
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after his death the previous year. The discovery proved one of the most significant finds in the study of
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are mostly in Latin, but some are in Cornish and English, though the latter may have been added later.
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parish. The next section is missing, but context suggests the narrative would have followed the French
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The play clearly relies on traditional material about Kea, which is known to have been circulated in a
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The discovery of the play was the first addition to the corpus of historical Cornish literature since
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has much correspondence with the Cornish text, and has been used to fill in gaps in the action.
101:. The story has much correspondence with a French text, a translation of a lost medieval Latin 1852: 1799: 1652: 1620: 1600: 1461: 1456: 1430: 1390: 1352: 1296: 1057: 953: 880: 850: 822: 272:. The extant text begins with Kea's resurrection of a deceased shepherd and his departure for 255:. The Arthurian section is longer, and is largely adapted from some version of the account in 587: 1923: 1774: 1751: 1664: 1595: 1519: 1504: 1380: 1331: 1269: 1207: 1161: 1085: 1011: 963: 958: 924: 409: 399: 182: 173: 97: 86: 799: 546: 1943: 1827: 1807: 1605: 1585: 1476: 1451: 1395: 1283: 1219: 1176: 1146: 1067: 1052: 968: 948: 758: 661: 639: 458: 434: 356: 216: 212: 190: 178: 1400: 1888: 1669: 1635: 1575: 1405: 1316: 1181: 1105: 1062: 721: 168: 146: 61: 58: 492:
in affiliation with the National Library of Wales; it was edited by Graham Thomas and
1958: 1759: 1708: 1684: 1615: 1590: 1489: 1025: 973: 296: 194: 1722: 1630: 1625: 1580: 1570: 1539: 1534: 1301: 1291: 1166: 1156: 767: 650: 628: 477: 473: 119: 1842: 1812: 1529: 1425: 1375: 1321: 497: 414: 292: 284: 248: 232: 208: 115: 107: 102: 1514: 1484: 1415: 1151: 1090: 748: 505: 378: 164: 779: 653: 631: 295:), but is eventually given land near the king's favourite hunting grounds in 1769: 1610: 1499: 1410: 1365: 1004: 361: 308: 277: 111: 65: 317: 798:. Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru – National Library of Wales. Archived from 545:. Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru – National Library of Wales. Archived from 17: 1867: 1847: 1822: 1360: 1342: 340: 336: 321: 273: 69: 504:(The Cornish Language Board) published an edition of the play edited by 1385: 382: 348: 344: 288: 281: 252: 123: 1229: 280:. In Cornwall, he soon comes into conflict with the king, Teudar (the 1857: 366: 352: 269: 893: 488:
A scholarly edition of the play was published in March 2007 by the
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in 2002, and the manuscript was subsequently repaired and studied.
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written as early as the 12th century. This work is lost, but a
385:. Kea returns to Cléder, where he eventually dies peacefully. 235:, in which Kea is not mentioned. However, comparison with the 381:
where he castigates Guinevere. The remorseful queen enters a
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survives in one manuscript, NLW MS 23849D, now held at the
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Scholars have pointed out a number of similarities with
403:(National Library of Wales, MS Peniarth 105B, folio 56v) 512:; this caused some friction with the National Library. 1876: 1798: 1750: 1693: 1651: 1548: 1475: 1444: 1351: 1282: 1195: 1134: 1076: 1040: 982: 931: 846:
Arthurian Literature XXI: Celtic Arthurian Material
251:'s conflicts with the Romans and with his nephew 373:, Kea would have re-entered the picture. In the 365:his counsellors, while Mordred allies with the 126:; it does not mention Kea in its current form. 776:Cornish Language Texts : Tekstow Kernewek 1245: 909: 189:may have been performed in the still-extant " 8: 476:, which was transitional between Middle and 1657: 1252: 1238: 1230: 916: 902: 894: 457:, particularly in the second section. The 417:, who may be intended as a parody of King 818:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia 671: 669: 615: 613: 611: 609: 607: 605: 583: 581: 579: 577: 575: 573: 355:. The scene jumps to Rome, where Emperor 167:is entirely unknown, but the language is 521: 68:or Ke, who was venerated in Cornwall, 654:"Summary of the Action of Bewnans Ke" 632:"Summary of the Action of Bewnans Ke" 537: 535: 533: 531: 529: 527: 525: 7: 1884:Federation of Old Cornwall Societies 567:Lloyd-Morgan, pp. 5–6; Koch, p. 203. 303:, which has Kea giving refuge to a 1899:Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society 25: 772:"'Bewnans Ke': the Life of St Ke" 722:"Copyright row over ancient monk" 201:is known to have been performed. 156:National Library of Wales Journal 1937: 1341: 796:"Beunans Ke (The Life Of St Ke)" 751: 543:"Bewnans Ke (The Life Of St Ke)" 151:University of Wales, Aberystwyth 77:, which had been donated to the 843:Lloyd-Morgan, Ceridwen (2005). 221:Lives of the Saints of Brittany 1716:Come, all ye jolly tinner boys 879:. University of Exeter Press. 425:. As such, it is thought that 223:in 1633 survives. This French 1: 1909:Royal Institution of Cornwall 877:Bewnans Ke: The Life of St Ke 2005:Plays set in the 6th century 2000:Plays set in the 5th century 1894:Institute of Cornish Studies 1096:Cornish Language Partnership 1737:The Song of the Western Men 2036: 490:University of Exeter Press 421:after his crushing of the 2010:Plays set in ancient Rome 1990:Middle Cornish literature 1932: 1660: 1338: 1307:Cornish kilts and tartans 1267: 1216: 1116:Kowethas an Yeth Kernewek 423:Cornish Rebellion of 1497 389:Analysis and significance 276:by either boat or flying 262:Historia Regum Britanniae 215:translation published in 139:National Library of Wales 79:National Library of Wales 42:National Library of Wales 1919:Movyans Skolyow Meythrin 1457:Cornish pilot-gig racing 1121:Movyans Skolyow Meythrin 1642:The Pirates of Penzance 1556:List of Cornish writers 1467:Rugby union in Cornwall 1111:Kesva an Taves Kernewek 1101:Cussel an Tavas Kernuak 502:Kesva an Taves Kernewek 110:. The second is a long 1566:Cornwall Film Festival 815:Koch, John T. (2006). 660:July 25, 2008, at the 638:July 25, 2008, at the 634:, through stanza 181. 404: 185:. If this is correct, 143:J. E. Caerwyn Williams 75:J. E. Caerwyn Williams 45: 44:, MS 23849D, folio 1r) 1980:Christian hagiography 1913:Royal Cornwall Museum 1833:Jack the Giant Killer 1785:Prayer Book Rebellion 1126:Skol Veythrin Karenza 1048:Standard Written Form 396: 35: 2015:Plays set in England 1970:Arthurian literature 1730:Hail to the Homeland 329:Geoffrey of Monmouth 257:Geoffrey of Monmouth 195:village of that name 122:and with his nephew 114:episode, describing 55:The Life of Saint Ke 2020:Plays set in France 1944:Cornwall portal 1904:Royal Cornwall Show 1790:Radyo an Gernewegva 1702:Bro Goth agan Tasow 1680:Fisherman's Friends 1510:Cornish Gilliflower 1261:Culture of Cornwall 1203:Brittonic languages 1172:Robert Morton Nance 992:Bodmin manumissions 656:, stanzas 181–437. 549:on 14 February 2010 455:Anglo-Norman French 27:Middle Cornish play 1765:Cornish literature 1561:Tristan and Iseult 1371:Chewidden Thursday 1327:Saint Piran's Flag 1032:Bible translations 998:Pascon agan Arluth 873:Williams, Nicholas 802:on 5 November 2015 684:Koch, p. 204, 205. 599:Koch, pp. 204–205. 405: 343:, a different Ke ( 171:, akin to that of 83:Cornish literature 46: 1975:Arthurian theatre 1952: 1951: 1853:Mermaid of Zennor 1746: 1745: 1621:Rosamunde Pilcher 1601:Daphne du Maurier 1500:Cornish cream tea 1462:Cornish wrestling 1436:Tom Bawcock's Eve 1391:Kernewek Lowender 1312:Jonathan Trelawny 1275:Gonisogeth Kernow 1227: 1226: 1187:Nicholas Williams 1058:Kernowek Standard 886:978-0-85989-800-3 728:. 10 October 2006 494:Nicholas Williams 433:, was written at 118:'s wars with the 16:(Redirected from 2027: 1942: 1941: 1940: 1924:Akademi Kernewek 1775:Beunans Meriasek 1665:Cornish bagpipes 1658: 1596:Barbara Hepworth 1505:Cornish fairings 1346: 1345: 1332:Scillonian Cross 1254: 1247: 1240: 1231: 1208:Celtic languages 1196:Related articles 1162:Kitty Lee Jenner 1086:Akademi Kernewek 1012:Beunans Meriasek 964:Cornish surnames 925:Cornish language 918: 911: 904: 895: 890: 871:Thomas, Graham; 867: 865: 863: 849:. 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M. Thomas 1626:Derek Tangye 1581:W. J. Burley 1571:Tate St Ives 1540:Cornish Yarg 1535:Stargazy pie 1401:Mummer's Day 1292:Celtic cross 1274: 1273: 1218: 1167:Edward Lhuyd 1157:Henry Jenner 1018: 1017: 1010: 1003: 996: 944:Last speaker 876: 860:. Retrieved 845: 832:. Retrieved 821:. ABC-CLIO. 817: 804:. Retrieved 800:the original 784:. Retrieved 780:the original 775: 768:Padel, O. J. 730:. Retrieved 725: 716: 711:Thomas 2007. 707: 698: 689: 680: 651:Padel, O. J. 646: 629:Padel, O. J. 624: 595: 588:Koch, p. 203 563: 551:. 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Padel 484:Publication 293:Cornouaille 285:Tewdwr Mawr 249:King Arthur 233:King Arthur 225:Life of Kea 209:hagiography 145:, chair of 116:King Arthur 103:hagiography 1959:Categories 1780:Bewnans Ke 1694:Folk songs 1515:Hevva cake 1485:Cloam oven 1421:'Obby 'Oss 1416:Noze looan 1152:Ken George 1142:John Davey 1091:Agan Tavas 1019:Bewnans Ke 984:Literature 745:References 510:Bywnans Ke 506:Ken George 450:Bewnans Ke 427:Bewnans Ke 379:Winchester 229:Bewnans Ke 187:Bewnans Ke 165:provenance 135:Bewnans Ke 93:Bewnans Ke 50:Bewnans Ke 38:Bewnans Ke 18:Beunans Ke 1800:Mythology 1770:Ordinalia 1611:Alan Kent 1411:Nos Lowen 1366:Allantide 1353:Festivals 1005:Ordinalia 954:Phonology 419:Henry VII 362:Guinevere 309:holy well 278:flagstone 112:Arthurian 66:Saint Kea 1868:Spriggan 1848:Lyonesse 1823:Cormoran 1752:Language 1361:AberFest 862:7 August 834:7 August 806:7 August 732:7 August 726:BBC News 658:Archived 636:Archived 470:Homilies 341:Bedivere 337:Scotland 322:Brittany 274:Cornwall 243:Synopsis 197:, where 87:language 70:Brittany 1838:Knocker 1477:Cuisine 1386:Guldize 1381:Golowan 1284:Symbols 1270:Cornish 959:Numbers 949:Grammar 939:Revival 429:, like 383:convent 349:Mordred 345:Sir Kay 289:Penwith 253:Mordred 149:at the 130:History 124:Mordred 57:) is a 1863:Piskie 1858:Owlman 1685:Crowns 1445:Sports 932:Topics 883:  853:  825:  415:Teudar 357:Lucius 353:Gawain 351:, and 318:Cléder 282:Breton 270:hermit 213:French 183:Penryn 120:Romans 108:Teudar 1818:Bucca 1675:Dalla 1653:Music 1525:Pasty 516:Notes 367:Saxon 333:Cador 313:leper 206:Latin 147:Irish 1549:Arts 881:ISBN 864:2015 851:ISBN 836:2015 823:ISBN 808:2015 788:2009 734:2015 555:2009 375:Life 371:Life 305:stag 301:Life 291:and 237:Life 85:and 62:play 468:'s 347:), 320:in 297:Kea 287:of 259:'s 219:'s 181:in 1961:: 1272:: 774:. 724:. 668:^ 604:^ 572:^ 524:^ 444:. 339:, 324:. 265:. 89:. 1915:) 1911:( 1739:" 1735:" 1732:" 1728:" 1725:" 1721:" 1718:" 1714:" 1711:" 1707:" 1704:" 1700:" 1253:e 1246:t 1239:v 1028:" 1024:" 917:e 910:t 903:v 889:. 866:. 838:. 810:. 790:. 736:. 590:. 557:. 53:( 40:( 20:)

Index

Beunans Ke

National Library of Wales
Middle Cornish
play
Saint Kea
Brittany
J. E. Caerwyn Williams
National Library of Wales
Cornish literature
language
Beunans Meriasek
hagiography
Teudar
Arthurian
King Arthur
Romans
Mordred
National Library of Wales
J. E. Caerwyn Williams
Irish
University of Wales, Aberystwyth
National Library of Wales Journal
provenance
Middle Cornish
Beunans Meriasek
Glasney College
Penryn
Playing Place
village of that name

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