394:
33:
1343:
1939:
753:
413:. The two are comparable in subject matter: they are the only known vernacular plays on saints' hagiographies to have been produced in Britain. The language in both works is similar and dates to the same era, leading to the conclusion that they originate around the same time and place. Both plays include the court at Goodern of the tyrannical king
315:
who gives him additional land. Stags come from the woods to plough Kea's fields in place of the oxen. Teudar tries to make recompense for the injury he has caused Kea, and offers him any land he can empark before Teudar gets out of a bath. With Owbra's aid Kea makes a concoction that causes Teudar to
364:
and then departs for France to meet Lucius. The two armies battle, and Arthur defeats and kills Lucius, and sends his severed head back to Rome. Meanwhile, Mordred and
Guinevere conspire to usurp the throne, and Mordred is crowned king in Arthur's place. Arthur hears of this treachery and assembles
359:
has heard that Arthur refuses to recognize him. He sends twelve emissaries to exact tribute from Arthur. A gap occurs just after the emissaries arrive in
Britain and greet the king. In the next extant section, Arthur refuses to pay tribute and sends the legates back to Lucius empty-handed. Lucius
162:
The manuscript was evidently created in the second half of the 16th century by a scribe copying a document dating perhaps to around 1500. Several leaves are missing, including the entire beginning and ending and, in two places, the copyist complains about the poor quality of the original. The
105:
of Kea, allowing gaps in the narrative to be tentatively filled. The play is divided into two distinct sections, which may indicate that it was intended for a two-day performance. The first section deals with the deeds and miracles of Kea, including his conflicts with the tyrannical king
452:
manuscript. John T. Koch finds the first section to be more dramatic and effective, calling the second section "stolid", though he notes its importance to
Arthurian studies. On top of Cornish, the text is peppered with lines and words in English, Latin, and
153:. After Williams' death in 1999, his widow Gwen Williams donated his papers to the National Library in 2000, and the previously unknown play was identified by Graham Thomas during the cataloguing process. Thomas publicized his discovery in the
72:
and elsewhere. It was written around 1500 but survives only in an incomplete manuscript from the second half of the 16th century. The play was entirely unknown until 2000, when it was identified among the private collection of
177:, the only other surviving Cornish play concerning a saint's life. This and other similarities between the plays suggest that both were composed around the same time and in the same milieu, most probably at
496:. The National Library also created a digital copy of the manuscript which was released on the Library's web page in 2006. Prior to publication, study of the play was aided by a summary of the text by
268:
The lost beginning of the play probably recounted the events of Kea's early life, such as his birth to a noble family, his election as bishop, and his subsequent abdication in favour of life as a
239:
shows that
Arthurian material had been added to the saint's story at an early period. This occurs in places that would be missing in the play, leading some scholars to regard it as a single work.
231:
was initially thought to represent two plays, as in its incomplete state it appears to consist of two distinct sections: one on the deeds of Kea and the other on the doings of
141:. The play has no title in the text; the National Library gave it its modern name after consulting scholars of Cornish. The manuscript had been in the personal collection of
500:, and a tentative translation by Michael Polkinhorn. These were released on the web and removed when the Thomas and Williams edition was published. Prior to this, in 2006
369:
Cheldric. Arthur returns to
Britain, and the two armies clash. The text breaks off during a scene with Guinevere in the castle; the end is missing. If it followed the
440:
The substantial length and distinct nature of the two sections may imply that the play was intended for performance over the course of two days, as was the case with
393:
480:. Many words in the play are not attested in any other sources. The Cornish stage directions, though relatively few, contain some of the oldest known Cornish prose.
1251:
307:
being hunted by Teudar. In retaliation Teudar's men take Kea's oxen and then break three of the saint's teeth. The manuscript picks back up as Kea generates a
915:
472:
were found in 1949. It is also of vast importance to the study of the
Cornish language, as it provides valuable evidence of the state of Cornish in the
377:, Kea is summoned to mediate between Arthur and Mordred, but he comes to realize that the endeavour is futile. He heads back to Brittany, stopping in
316:
get stuck in the bath, allowing him to take much of Teudar's land. The rest of the first section is missing, but probably dealt with Kea's return to
448:
contains diagrams at the end of each section indicating the completion of a day's performance; these occur in places that would be missing in the
2004:
1999:
884:
360:
confers with his advisors, and decides to raise his forces against Arthur. Leaving his nephew
Mordred in charge, Arthur says his goodbyes to
95:
is one of only two known
Cornish plays based on a saint's life; this and other evidence suggests some relationship with the other such work,
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943:
2009:
1989:
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1311:
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at the beginning of the 16th century. It is possible that the surviving manuscripts of the two plays were brought to Wales together.
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The second section begins as King Arthur receives a long list of nobles at his court, including names familiar from
1974:
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The play consists of two long parts, one concerning the deeds and miracles of Saint Kea, and the other concerning
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after his death the previous year. The discovery proved one of the most significant finds in the study of
74:
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are mostly in Latin, but some are in
Cornish and English, though the latter may have been added later.
299:
parish. The next section is missing, but context suggests the narrative would have followed the French
204:
The play clearly relies on traditional material about Kea, which is known to have been circulated in a
816:
464:
The discovery of the play was the first addition to the corpus of historical
Cornish literature since
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has much correspondence with the Cornish text, and has been used to fill in gaps in the action.
101:. The story has much correspondence with a French text, a translation of a lost medieval Latin
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272:. The extant text begins with Kea's resurrection of a deceased shepherd and his departure for
255:. The Arthurian section is longer, and is largely adapted from some version of the account in
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in affiliation with the National Library of Wales; it was edited by Graham Thomas and
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295:), but is eventually given land near the king's favourite hunting grounds in
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1004:
361:
308:
277:
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798:. Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru – National Library of Wales. Archived from
545:. Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru – National Library of Wales. Archived from
17:
1867:
1847:
1822:
1360:
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340:
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273:
69:
504:(The Cornish Language Board) published an edition of the play edited by
1385:
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252:
123:
1229:
280:. In Cornwall, he soon comes into conflict with the king, Teudar (the
1857:
366:
352:
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A scholarly edition of the play was published in March 2007 by the
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in 2002, and the manuscript was subsequently repaired and studied.
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205:
31:
304:
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written as early as the 12th century. This work is lost, but a
385:. Kea returns to Cléder, where he eventually dies peacefully.
235:, in which Kea is not mentioned. However, comparison with the
381:
where he castigates Guinevere. The remorseful queen enters a
137:
survives in one manuscript, NLW MS 23849D, now held at the
407:
Scholars have pointed out a number of similarities with
403:(National Library of Wales, MS Peniarth 105B, folio 56v)
512:; this caused some friction with the National Library.
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Arthurian Literature XXI: Celtic Arthurian Material
251:'s conflicts with the Romans and with his nephew
373:, Kea would have re-entered the picture. In the
365:his counsellors, while Mordred allies with the
126:; it does not mention Kea in its current form.
776:Cornish Language Texts : Tekstow Kernewek
1245:
909:
189:may have been performed in the still-extant "
8:
476:, which was transitional between Middle and
1657:
1252:
1238:
1230:
916:
902:
894:
457:, particularly in the second section. The
417:, who may be intended as a parody of King
818:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia
671:
669:
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609:
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583:
581:
579:
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355:. The scene jumps to Rome, where Emperor
167:is entirely unknown, but the language is
521:
68:or Ke, who was venerated in Cornwall,
654:"Summary of the Action of Bewnans Ke"
632:"Summary of the Action of Bewnans Ke"
537:
535:
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
7:
1884:Federation of Old Cornwall Societies
567:Lloyd-Morgan, pp. 5–6; Koch, p. 203.
303:, which has Kea giving refuge to a
1899:Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society
25:
772:"'Bewnans Ke': the Life of St Ke"
722:"Copyright row over ancient monk"
201:is known to have been performed.
156:National Library of Wales Journal
1937:
1341:
796:"Beunans Ke (The Life Of St Ke)"
751:
543:"Bewnans Ke (The Life Of St Ke)"
151:University of Wales, Aberystwyth
77:, which had been donated to the
843:Lloyd-Morgan, Ceridwen (2005).
221:Lives of the Saints of Brittany
1716:Come, all ye jolly tinner boys
879:. University of Exeter Press.
425:. As such, it is thought that
223:in 1633 survives. This French
1:
1909:Royal Institution of Cornwall
877:Bewnans Ke: The Life of St Ke
2005:Plays set in the 6th century
2000:Plays set in the 5th century
1894:Institute of Cornish Studies
1096:Cornish Language Partnership
1737:The Song of the Western Men
2036:
490:University of Exeter Press
421:after his crushing of the
2010:Plays set in ancient Rome
1990:Middle Cornish literature
1932:
1660:
1338:
1307:Cornish kilts and tartans
1267:
1216:
1116:Kowethas an Yeth Kernewek
423:Cornish Rebellion of 1497
389:Analysis and significance
276:by either boat or flying
262:Historia Regum Britanniae
215:translation published in
139:National Library of Wales
79:National Library of Wales
42:National Library of Wales
1919:Movyans Skolyow Meythrin
1457:Cornish pilot-gig racing
1121:Movyans Skolyow Meythrin
1642:The Pirates of Penzance
1556:List of Cornish writers
1467:Rugby union in Cornwall
1111:Kesva an Taves Kernewek
1101:Cussel an Tavas Kernuak
502:Kesva an Taves Kernewek
110:. The second is a long
1566:Cornwall Film Festival
815:Koch, John T. (2006).
660:July 25, 2008, at the
638:July 25, 2008, at the
634:, through stanza 181.
404:
185:. If this is correct,
143:J. E. Caerwyn Williams
75:J. E. Caerwyn Williams
45:
44:, MS 23849D, folio 1r)
1980:Christian hagiography
1913:Royal Cornwall Museum
1833:Jack the Giant Killer
1785:Prayer Book Rebellion
1126:Skol Veythrin Karenza
1048:Standard Written Form
396:
35:
2015:Plays set in England
1970:Arthurian literature
1730:Hail to the Homeland
329:Geoffrey of Monmouth
257:Geoffrey of Monmouth
195:village of that name
122:and with his nephew
114:episode, describing
55:The Life of Saint Ke
2020:Plays set in France
1944:Cornwall portal
1904:Royal Cornwall Show
1790:Radyo an Gernewegva
1702:Bro Goth agan Tasow
1680:Fisherman's Friends
1510:Cornish Gilliflower
1261:Culture of Cornwall
1203:Brittonic languages
1172:Robert Morton Nance
992:Bodmin manumissions
656:, stanzas 181–437.
549:on 14 February 2010
455:Anglo-Norman French
27:Middle Cornish play
1765:Cornish literature
1561:Tristan and Iseult
1371:Chewidden Thursday
1327:Saint Piran's Flag
1032:Bible translations
998:Pascon agan Arluth
873:Williams, Nicholas
802:on 5 November 2015
684:Koch, p. 204, 205.
599:Koch, pp. 204–205.
405:
343:, a different Ke (
171:, akin to that of
83:Cornish literature
46:
1975:Arthurian theatre
1952:
1951:
1853:Mermaid of Zennor
1746:
1745:
1621:Rosamunde Pilcher
1601:Daphne du Maurier
1500:Cornish cream tea
1462:Cornish wrestling
1436:Tom Bawcock's Eve
1391:Kernewek Lowender
1312:Jonathan Trelawny
1275:Gonisogeth Kernow
1227:
1226:
1187:Nicholas Williams
1058:Kernowek Standard
886:978-0-85989-800-3
728:. 10 October 2006
494:Nicholas Williams
433:, was written at
118:'s wars with the
16:(Redirected from
2027:
1942:
1941:
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1924:Akademi Kernewek
1775:Beunans Meriasek
1665:Cornish bagpipes
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1596:Barbara Hepworth
1505:Cornish fairings
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1345:
1332:Scillonian Cross
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1208:Celtic languages
1196:Related articles
1162:Kitty Lee Jenner
1086:Akademi Kernewek
1012:Beunans Meriasek
964:Cornish surnames
925:Cornish language
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871:Thomas, Graham;
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849:. D. S. Brewer.
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446:Beunans Meriasek
442:Beunans Meriasek
431:Beunans Meriasek
410:Beunans Meriasek
400:Beunans Meriasek
199:Beunans Meriasek
193:" in the nearby
174:Beunans Meriasek
98:Beunans Meriasek
36:Opening page of
21:
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1828:Cruel Coppinger
1808:Beast of Bodmin
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1606:William Golding
1586:Charles Causley
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1495:Cornish cheeses
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1452:Cornish hurling
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1396:Montol Festival
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1336:
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1220:Cornwall Portal
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1177:Dolly Pentreath
1147:Richard Gendall
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1068:Unified Cornish
1053:Kernewek Kemmyn
1036:
978:
969:Glasney College
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875:, eds. (2007).
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435:Glasney College
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217:Albert le Grand
179:Glasney College
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64:on the life of
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770:(March 2003).
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1723:Delkiow Sivy
1640:
1631:D. M. Thomas
1626:Derek Tangye
1581:W. J. Burley
1571:Tate St Ives
1540:Cornish Yarg
1535:Stargazy pie
1401:Mummer's Day
1292:Celtic cross
1274:
1273:
1218:
1167:Edward Lhuyd
1157:Henry Jenner
1018:
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944:Last speaker
876:
860:. Retrieved
845:
832:. Retrieved
821:. ABC-CLIO.
817:
804:. Retrieved
800:the original
784:. Retrieved
780:the original
775:
768:Padel, O. J.
730:. Retrieved
725:
716:
711:Thomas 2007.
707:
698:
689:
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651:Padel, O. J.
646:
629:Padel, O. J.
624:
595:
588:Koch, p. 203
563:
551:. Retrieved
547:the original
509:
487:
478:Late Cornish
474:Tudor period
469:
466:John Tregear
463:
449:
445:
441:
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408:
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397:A page from
374:
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311:and cures a
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37:
29:
1965:1500s plays
1843:King Arthur
1813:Blunderbore
1530:Saffron bun
1426:Picrous Day
1376:Furry Dance
1322:Saint Piran
1135:Key figures
786:23 November
553:20 November
508:, entitled
498:O. J. Padel
484:Publication
293:Cornouaille
285:Tewdwr Mawr
249:King Arthur
233:King Arthur
225:Life of Kea
209:hagiography
145:, chair of
116:King Arthur
103:hagiography
1959:Categories
1780:Bewnans Ke
1694:Folk songs
1515:Hevva cake
1485:Cloam oven
1421:'Obby 'Oss
1416:Noze looan
1152:Ken George
1142:John Davey
1091:Agan Tavas
1019:Bewnans Ke
984:Literature
745:References
510:Bywnans Ke
506:Ken George
450:Bewnans Ke
427:Bewnans Ke
379:Winchester
229:Bewnans Ke
187:Bewnans Ke
165:provenance
135:Bewnans Ke
93:Bewnans Ke
50:Bewnans Ke
38:Bewnans Ke
18:Beunans Ke
1800:Mythology
1770:Ordinalia
1611:Alan Kent
1411:Nos Lowen
1366:Allantide
1353:Festivals
1005:Ordinalia
954:Phonology
419:Henry VII
362:Guinevere
309:holy well
278:flagstone
112:Arthurian
66:Saint Kea
1868:Spriggan
1848:Lyonesse
1823:Cormoran
1752:Language
1361:AberFest
862:7 August
834:7 August
806:7 August
732:7 August
726:BBC News
658:Archived
636:Archived
470:Homilies
341:Bedivere
337:Scotland
322:Brittany
274:Cornwall
243:Synopsis
197:, where
87:language
70:Brittany
1838:Knocker
1477:Cuisine
1386:Guldize
1381:Golowan
1284:Symbols
1270:Cornish
959:Numbers
949:Grammar
939:Revival
429:, like
383:convent
349:Mordred
345:Sir Kay
289:Penwith
253:Mordred
149:at the
130:History
124:Mordred
57:) is a
1863:Piskie
1858:Owlman
1685:Crowns
1445:Sports
932:Topics
883:
853:
825:
415:Teudar
357:Lucius
353:Gawain
351:, and
318:Cléder
282:Breton
270:hermit
213:French
183:Penryn
120:Romans
108:Teudar
1818:Bucca
1675:Dalla
1653:Music
1525:Pasty
516:Notes
367:Saxon
333:Cador
313:leper
206:Latin
147:Irish
1549:Arts
881:ISBN
864:2015
851:ISBN
836:2015
823:ISBN
808:2015
788:2009
734:2015
555:2009
375:Life
371:Life
305:stag
301:Life
291:and
237:Life
85:and
62:play
468:'s
347:),
320:in
297:Kea
287:of
259:'s
219:'s
181:in
1961::
1272::
774:.
724:.
668:^
604:^
572:^
524:^
444:.
339:,
324:.
265:.
89:.
1915:)
1911:(
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1024:"
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838:.
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557:.
53:(
40:(
20:)
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