186:
227:
317:
38:
181:
The competition-colonisation trade-off refers to a driving factor that has a large influence over diversity and how it is maintained in a community. This is considered a driving factor because all species have to make a decision to entertain competition with others in the community or disperse from
182:
the community in hopes of a more optimal environment. This can span from available nutrient sources, light exposure, oxygen availability, reproduction competition, etc.. These trade offs are critical in the explanation of colonisation and why it happens.
148:
Dispersion in biology is the dissemination, or scattering, of organisms over periods within a given area or over the Earth. The dispersion of species into new locations can be inspired by many causes. Often times species naturally disperse due to
806:
Li, Shao-peng; Cadotte, Marc W.; Meiners, Scott J.; Hua, Zheng-shuang; Jiang, Lin; Shu, Wen-sheng (September 2015). "Species colonisation, not competitive exclusion, drives community overdispersion over long-term succession".
710:
Li, Shao-peng; Cadotte, Marc W.; Meiners, Scott J.; Hua, Zheng-shuang; Jiang, Lin; Shu, Wen-sheng (September 2015). "Species colonisation, not competitive exclusion, drives community overdispersion over long-term succession".
189:
1. Bare rock 2. New species introduced 3. Death and accumulation of top soil 4. New species introduction displacing pioneer species 5. More nutrients and soil accumulation creates opportunities for larger species
173:. Dispersion of different species can come in many forms. Some prime examples of this is flight of species across long distances, wind dispersal of plant and fungi progeny, long distance of travel in packs, etc.
52:
is the spread and development of an organism in a new area or habitat. Colonization comprises the physical arrival of a species in a new area, but also its successful establishment within the local community. In
395:
into the
Florida Everglades. The release of snakes came from the desire to breed them and sell them as exotic pets. As they grew people became unable to care for the animals and began to release them into the
97:. Another factor included in this scientific model is the competition-colonisation trade off. This idea goes into the driving factors of colonisation through many species that all share a need to expand.
68:
Surrounding theories and applicable process have been introduced below. These include dispersal, colonisation-competition trade off and prominent examples that have been previously studied.
881:
Wyse, Sarah V.; Hulme, Philip E. (April 2022). "Competition–colonisation trade-offs are found among but not within wind-dispersed Pinus species".
777:
Wyse, Sarah V.; Hulme, Philip E. (April 2022). "Competition–colonisation trade-offs are found among but not within wind-dispersed Pinus species".
274:
861:
527:
Yackulic, Charles B.; Nichols, James D.; Reid, Janice; Der, Ricky (January 2015). "To predict the niche, model colonization and extinction".
185:
924:
929:
154:
919:
492:
O'Toole, George; Kaplan, Heidi B.; Kolter, Roberto (October 2000). "Biofilm
Formation as Microbial Development".
150:
433:
407:
129:
420:
748:
Ali, Jason R.; Hedges, S. Blair (October 2023). "The colonisation of
Madagascar by land-bound vertebrates".
646:
Livezey, Kent B. (April 2009). "Range
Expansion of Barred Owls, Part II: Facilitating Ecological Changes".
113:
on surfaces. This microbiological colonisation also takes place within each animal or plant and is called
619:
Livezey, Kent B. (January 2009). "Range
Expansion of Barred Owls, Part I: Chronology and Distribution".
278:
270:
211:
80:
338:
844:
Bataille, Arnaud; Levin, Iris I.; Sari, Eloisa H. R. (2018). "Colonization of
Parasites and Vectors".
890:
816:
786:
720:
583:
536:
133:
121:
90:
207:
238:) has expanded since the 20th century, with the species having colonised most of the New World.
226:
857:
832:
765:
736:
601:
552:
509:
385:
330:
316:
157:
in new ecosystems. Other times these driving factors are environmentally related, for example
898:
867:
849:
824:
794:
757:
728:
686:
655:
628:
591:
544:
501:
467:
462:
215:
72:
31:
677:
Wilson, Edward O. (May 1961). "The Nature of the Taxon Cycle in the
Melanesian Ant Fauna".
472:
125:
894:
820:
790:
724:
698:
587:
540:
128:
to encompass new areas. This can be through a series of small encroachments, such as in
872:
392:
306:
158:
94:
17:
199:
The term is generally only used to refer to the spread of a species into new areas by
89:) in order to persist. Accordingly, colonisation and extinction are key components of
913:
348:
334:
110:
381:
360:
310:
300:
296:
231:
76:
505:
853:
659:
364:
354:
166:
85:
848:. Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands. pp. 45–79.
632:
596:
571:
324:
114:
902:
798:
292:
256:
252:
170:
37:
836:
769:
740:
605:
556:
513:
377:
41:
Diagram showing bacteria growing and forming into a biofilm on a surface
162:
106:
54:
828:
761:
732:
548:
79:
posits that a species must continue to colonize new areas through its
344:
120:
In small scales such as colonising new sites, perhaps as a result of
62:
690:
315:
225:
184:
105:
Colonisation occurs on several scales. In the most basic form, as
36:
65:) to denote the long-term intrinsic growth rate of a population.
448:
251:
the colonisation of the Earth's land by the first animals, the
242:
Large-scale notable pre-historic colonisation events include:
281:, although the role of humans in this event is controversial.
699:"Dispersion | Definition, Types & Examples | Britannica"
273:
and colonisation of areas outside Africa according to the
93:, a theory that has many applications in ecology, such as
359:
the expansion into the southern and western areas of
124:. And on larger scales where a species expands its
320:Image of the green Iguana that colonized Anguilla.
30:For the same species living closely together, see
323:the colonisation of western North America by the
259:. These were seen about 450 million years ago.
255:. The first fossils of land animals come from
8:
153:which allows for a higher survival rate of
871:
595:
353:the spread across the eastern USA of the
343:the colonisation-westwards spread across
277:paradigm, resulting in the extinction of
484:
7:
406:the colonisation of Britain by the
109:in the formation of communities of
432:The colonisation of Madagascar by
177:Competition-Colonisation Trade-off
57:, it is represented by the symbol
25:
452:species through wind dispersion.
27:A species spreading to new areas
648:The American Midland Naturalist
621:The American Midland Naturalist
419:the colonisation of Britain by
1:
572:"Evolution: Out of the Ocean"
570:Dunn, Casey W. (March 2013).
506:10.1146/annurev.micro.54.1.49
494:Annual Review of Microbiology
214:by humans, which may lead to
854:10.1007/978-3-319-65909-1_3
660:10.1674/0003-0031-161.2.323
946:
633:10.1674/0003-0031-161.1.49
29:
597:10.1016/j.cub.2013.01.067
151:physiological adaptations
408:small red-eyed damselfly
329:the colonisation of the
291:the colonisation of the
130:woody plant encroachment
903:10.1111/1365-2435.14004
799:10.1111/1365-2435.14004
679:The American Naturalist
18:Biological colonization
434:land-bound vertebrates
321:
239:
191:
132:, or by long-distance
42:
421:Blair's shoulder-knot
319:
279:Pleistocene megafauna
275:recent African origin
271:early human migration
229:
203:means, as opposed to
188:
40:
925:Ecological processes
446:The colonisation of
391:the colonisation of
376:the colonisation of
305:the colonisation of
122:environmental change
930:Ecology terminology
895:2022FuEco..36.1023W
821:2015EcolL..18..964L
791:2022FuEco..36.1023W
725:2015EcolL..18..964L
588:2013CBio...23.R241D
541:2015Ecol...96...16Y
222:Colonisation events
91:island biogeography
883:Functional Ecology
779:Functional Ecology
750:Biological Reviews
339:Brewer's blackbird
322:
240:
192:
43:
920:Community ecology
863:978-3-319-65908-4
829:10.1111/ele.12476
762:10.1111/brv.12966
733:10.1111/ele.12476
549:10.1890/14-1361.1
230:The range of the
16:(Redirected from
937:
906:
889:(4): 1023–1035.
877:
875:
840:
802:
785:(4): 1023–1035.
773:
756:(5): 1583–1606.
744:
706:
694:
685:(882): 169–193.
664:
663:
643:
637:
636:
616:
610:
609:
599:
582:(6): R241–R243.
567:
561:
560:
524:
518:
517:
489:
468:Invasive species
463:Colony (biology)
427:Land Vertebrates
236:Egretta garzetta
216:invasive species
73:scientific model
32:Colony (biology)
21:
945:
944:
940:
939:
938:
936:
935:
934:
910:
909:
880:
864:
846:Disease Ecology
843:
809:Ecology Letters
805:
776:
747:
713:Ecology Letters
709:
697:
676:
673:
671:Further reading
668:
667:
645:
644:
640:
618:
617:
613:
576:Current Biology
569:
568:
564:
526:
525:
521:
491:
490:
486:
481:
473:Pioneer species
459:
443:
429:
416:
403:
393:Burmese pythons
373:
288:
266:
248:
224:
197:
179:
146:
138:range expansion
103:
95:metapopulations
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
943:
941:
933:
932:
927:
922:
912:
911:
908:
907:
878:
862:
841:
815:(9): 964–973.
803:
774:
745:
719:(9): 964–973.
707:
695:
691:10.1086/282174
672:
669:
666:
665:
654:(2): 323–349.
638:
611:
562:
519:
483:
482:
480:
477:
476:
475:
470:
465:
458:
455:
454:
453:
442:
439:
438:
437:
428:
425:
424:
423:
415:
412:
411:
410:
402:
399:
398:
397:
389:
372:
369:
368:
367:
357:
351:
341:
327:
313:
303:
287:
284:
283:
282:
265:
262:
261:
260:
247:
244:
223:
220:
196:
193:
178:
175:
159:global warming
145:
142:
140:is also used.
111:microorganisms
102:
99:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
942:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
917:
915:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
879:
874:
869:
865:
859:
855:
851:
847:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
675:
674:
670:
661:
657:
653:
649:
642:
639:
634:
630:
626:
622:
615:
612:
607:
603:
598:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
566:
563:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
523:
520:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
488:
485:
478:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
460:
456:
451:
450:
445:
444:
440:
435:
431:
430:
426:
422:
418:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:
400:
394:
390:
387:
386:rafting event
383:
382:Green iguanas
379:
375:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
356:
352:
350:
349:collared dove
346:
342:
340:
336:
335:North America
332:
328:
326:
318:
314:
312:
308:
304:
302:
298:
294:
290:
289:
285:
280:
276:
272:
268:
267:
263:
258:
254:
250:
249:
245:
243:
237:
233:
228:
221:
219:
217:
213:
212:translocation
209:
206:
202:
194:
187:
183:
176:
174:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
143:
141:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
118:
116:
112:
108:
100:
98:
96:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
74:
69:
66:
64:
60:
56:
51:
47:
39:
33:
19:
886:
882:
845:
812:
808:
782:
778:
753:
749:
716:
712:
702:
682:
678:
651:
647:
641:
627:(1): 49–56.
624:
620:
614:
579:
575:
565:
535:(1): 16–23.
532:
528:
522:
500:(1): 49–79.
497:
493:
487:
447:
384:following a
361:South Africa
311:little egret
301:little egret
297:cattle egret
241:
235:
232:little egret
208:introduction
204:
200:
198:
190:colonisation
180:
147:
137:
119:
104:
84:
77:biogeography
71:One classic
70:
67:
58:
50:colonization
49:
46:Colonisation
45:
44:
401:Dragonflies
396:Everglades.
365:Hadeda Ibis
355:house finch
167:competition
136:. The term
86:taxon cycle
61:(lowercase
914:Categories
703:Britannica
479:References
331:East Coast
325:barred owl
257:millipedes
253:arthropods
246:Arthropods
115:microbiome
83:(called a
81:life cycle
293:New World
205:unnatural
171:predation
144:Dispersal
134:dispersal
837:26189648
770:37142264
741:26189648
606:23518055
557:26236885
514:11018124
457:See also
378:Anguilla
371:Reptiles
299:and the
891:Bibcode
873:7123297
817:Bibcode
787:Bibcode
721:Bibcode
584:Bibcode
537:Bibcode
529:Ecology
388:in 1995
363:by the
347:of the
337:by the
309:by the
307:Britain
295:by the
201:natural
163:disease
155:progeny
107:biofilm
55:ecology
870:
860:
835:
768:
739:
604:
555:
512:
441:Plants
345:Europe
264:Humans
63:lambda
449:Pinus
414:Moths
286:Birds
126:range
101:Scale
858:ISBN
833:PMID
766:PMID
737:PMID
602:PMID
553:PMID
510:PMID
269:the
899:doi
868:PMC
850:doi
825:doi
795:doi
758:doi
729:doi
687:doi
656:doi
652:161
629:doi
625:161
592:doi
545:doi
502:doi
380:by
333:of
210:or
195:Use
75:in
48:or
916::
897:.
887:36
885:.
866:.
856:.
831:.
823:.
813:18
811:.
793:.
783:36
781:.
764:.
754:98
752:.
735:.
727:.
717:18
715:.
701:.
683:95
681:.
650:.
623:.
600:.
590:.
580:23
578:.
574:.
551:.
543:.
533:96
531:.
508:.
498:54
496:.
218:.
169:,
165:,
161:,
117:.
905:.
901::
893::
876:.
852::
839:.
827::
819::
801:.
797::
789::
772:.
760::
743:.
731::
723::
705:.
693:.
689::
662:.
658::
635:.
631::
608:.
594::
586::
559:.
547::
539::
516:.
504::
436:.
234:(
59:λ
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
