57:
183:
72:
286:
and found that slavery was "well established" in the region, used to "feed the courts of coastal kings as it was used in the medieval empires of the interior." Between the process of capture, enslavement, and "incorporation into a new community, the slave had neither rights nor any social identity."
197:
According to some modern historians, of all the regions of Africa, western Sudan "is the one that has seen the longest development of agriculture, of markets and long-distance trade, and of complex political systems." It is also the first region "south of the Sahara where
African
1290:
282:," totaling over a thousand years for the Saharan and four centuries for the Atlantic trades. As a result, slavery critically shaped the institutions and systems of the Sudan. The Portuguese first arrived at
1177:
344:
West Africa may be taken as the country stretching from
Senegal in the west, to the Cameroons in the east; sometimes it has been called the central and western Sudan, the
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1222:
417:
731:
1305:
1335:
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484:
30:
This article is about the geographical region to the south of the Sahara. For the geopolitical region in
Northeast Africa, see
1057:
751:
287:
As a result, the identity of people who were enslaved "came from membership in a corporate group, usually based on kinship."
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270:, many people from the Sudan were used as "a steady steam of slaves for the Mediterranean world" in the
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130:, stretching from Western Africa to Central and Eastern Africa. The name derives from the
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338:
International
Association for the History of Religions (1959),
1291:
Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
34:. For the two neighboring countries in Northeast Africa, see
278:
in the fifteenth century, "people were directed to the
1178:
List of countries where Arabic is an official language
385:
Encyclopedia of
African History and Culture, volume II
387:. New York: Facts on File, 2005. 2005. p. 211.
152:
135:
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1013:
906:
779:
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511:
103:
98:
88:
83:
47:
447:Slavery and Colonial Rule in French West Africa
126:is the geographical region to the south of the
27:Geographical region to the south of the Sahara
485:
8:
159:
142:
492:
478:
470:
412:. Farmington Hills. pp. 752, 758.
330:
210:Its medieval history is marked by the
61:An open hay landscape in the northern
44:
1223:Portuguese-speaking African countries
7:
410:New Encyclopedia of Africa, volume 4
348:, 'Land of the Blacks', of the Arabs
167:), both meaning "the lands of the
25:
342:, Leiden: EJ Brill, p. 131,
70:
55:
1058:Guinean Forests of West Africa
1:
1073:Guinean forest-savanna mosaic
570:Cameroonian Highlands forests
449:. Cambridge University Press.
1198:Middle East and North Africa
655:East African montane forests
153:
136:
1362:
274:. With the arrival of the
29:
1306:Geography of Burkina Faso
968:Indian Ocean coastal belt
445:Klein, Martin A. (1998).
371:Encyclopaedia of Islam IX
202:took root and flowered."
161:
160:
144:
143:
69:
54:
1336:Geography of South Sudan
1168:Guineo-Congolian region
458:(1991), Rand-McNally,
297:Jews of Bilad el-Sudan
218:of eastern Sudan were
189:
1110:West Sudanian savanna
1068:Lower Guinean forests
1063:Upper Guinean forests
978:Cape Floristic Region
841:Cataracts of the Nile
660:Eastern Arc Mountains
580:Congolian rainforests
575:East Sudanian savanna
317:West Sudanian savanna
312:East Sudanian savanna
187:East Sudanian savanna
185:
77:West Sudanian savanna
1331:Geography of Senegal
1326:Geography of Nigeria
1296:Ecoregions of Africa
764:Zanzibar Archipelago
732:Indian Ocean islands
456:: Atlas of the World
373:. pp. 752, 758.
280:Atlantic slave trade
234:. In central Sudan,
1183:Mediterranean Basin
1163:Greater Middle East
700:Ethiopian Highlands
608:African Great Lakes
432:Klein 1998, p. 1-2.
272:Saharan slave trade
242:. To the west were
50:بِلَادُ السُّوْدَان
1346:Historical regions
1341:Geography of Sudan
1321:Geography of Niger
1301:Sub-Saharan Africa
1243:Sub-Saharan Africa
1148:Commonwealth realm
757:Northern Highlands
705:Dahlak Archipelago
302:Sub-Saharan Africa
236:Kanem–Bornu Empire
190:
1316:Geography of Mali
1311:Geography of Chad
1286:Regions of Africa
1273:
1272:
1173:Islands of Africa
1153:Equatorial Africa
1105:Inner Niger Delta
893:Tibesti Mountains
752:Central Highlands
638:Virunga Mountains
633:Rift Valley lakes
623:Great Rift Valley
618:East African Rift
585:Ouaddaï highlands
419:978-0-684-31458-7
360:Klein 1998, p. 1.
121:
120:
16:(Redirected from
1353:
1265:Zambezian region
1253:Sudanian savanna
1238:Southeast Africa
1218:Northeast Africa
1203:Miombo woodlands
1078:Guinea Highlands
742:Lamu Archipelago
720:Gulf of Tadjoura
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307:Sudanian savanna
268:first millennium
266:Early on in the
171:", referring to
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1260:Tropical Africa
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988:Kalahari Desert
973:Albany thickets
938:Succulent Karoo
902:
804:Atlas Mountains
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454:Reader's Digest
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137:bilād as-sūdān
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521:Guinea region
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175:and northern
174:
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162:أَرْض السودان
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1208:Mittelafrika
1158:Françafrique
1023:Pepper Coast
861:Middle Egypt
715:Gulf of Aden
690:Danakil Alps
628:Gregory Rift
452:
446:
428:
409:
403:
384:
379:
370:
365:
356:
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343:
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154:arḍ as-sūdān
151:
145:بلاد السودان
134:
123:
122:
1193:Middle East
1138:Afromontane
1100:Niger Delta
1095:Niger Basin
1088:Dahomey Gap
1043:Cape Palmas
1038:Ivory Coast
1033:Slave Coast
886:Upper Egypt
856:Lower Nubia
851:Lower Egypt
826:Nile Valley
560:Congo Basin
555:Pool Malebo
262:Slave trade
206:Middle Ages
173:West Africa
40:South Sudan
1280:Categories
1143:Arab world
1117:Yorubaland
1028:Gold Coast
953:Maputaland
943:Nama Karoo
933:Thembuland
881:The Sudans
866:Nile Delta
831:Nile Delta
747:Madagascar
565:Chad Basin
533:Cape Lopez
440:References
284:Senegambia
276:Portuguese
216:sultanates
116:White Nile
114:, and the
32:the Sudans
1213:Negroland
1133:Aethiopia
1003:False Bay
680:Al-Habash
665:Serengeti
643:Kavirondo
99:Geography
958:Highveld
948:Bushveld
916:Rhodesia
819:Ifriqiya
685:Barbaria
543:Igboland
291:See also
254:and the
238:and the
836:Bashmur
794:Maghreb
725:Red Sea
538:Mayombe
513:Central
501:Regions
252:Songhay
244:Wagadou
224:Bagirmi
193:History
164:
147:
89:Borders
84:Ecology
1228:Sahara
1188:MENASA
963:Fynbos
846:Darfur
548:Mbaise
505:Africa
462:
416:
408:Gale.
391:
248:Manden
228:Sennar
220:Darfur
214:. The
169:Black
150:) and
132:Arabic
128:Sahara
104:Rivers
93:Sahara
63:Gambia
1233:Sahel
926:South
921:North
908:South
876:Nubia
781:North
340:Numen
325:Notes
256:Mossi
232:Wadai
200:Islam
124:Sudan
112:Niger
108:Chari
48:Sudan
36:Sudan
1015:West
648:Zanj
600:East
460:ISBN
414:ISBN
389:ISBN
230:and
38:and
503:of
258:.
1282::
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110:,
493:e
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351:.
158:(
141:(
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20:)
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