597:
42:
302:
1225:
496:
2421:
1301:
443:
241:
294:
2431:
519:
regions of the world. They are difficult to grow and the fruit is small, so they are seldom cultivated. Fruits are mostly collected from wild plants growing on publicly accessible lands throughout northern and central Europe where they are plentiful â for example, up to a fifth (17â21%) of the land
532:, but are more susceptible to damage. They are softer and juicier than blueberries, making them difficult to transport. Because of these factors, fresh bilberries are only available from markets and gourmet stores. Frozen bilberries, however, are available year round in many parts of Europe.
394:
there, leaving a rough, star-shaped pattern of five flaps. Bilberries grow singly or in pairs rather than in clusters, as blueberries do, and blueberries have more evergreen leaves. Bilberries are dark in color, and often appear near black with a slight shade of purple.
790:
Kathleen A. Kron; E. Ann Powell; J. L. Luteyn (2002). "Phylogenetic relationships within the blueberry tribe (Vaccinieae, Ericaceae) based on sequence data from MATK and nuclear ribosomal ITS regions, with comments on the placement of
573:
in August, the first traditional harvest festival of the year. The crop of bilberries was said to indicate how well the rest of the crops would fare in their harvests later in the year.
1338:
1043:
1013:
524:
contains bilberry bushes, where it is called blÄbÀr (lit. "blueberry", which is a source of confusion with the
American blueberry). Bilberries can be picked by a
902:
LĂ€tti, A.K.; Riihinen, K.R.; Kainulainen, P.S. (2008). "Analysis of anthocyanin variation in wild populations of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) in
Finland".
948:
Canter, Peter H; Ernst, Edzard (2004). "Anthocyanosides of
Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) for Night VisionâA Systematic Review of Placebo-Controlled Trials".
669:(a cultured dairy product similar to yoghurt). In Poland, they are eaten fresh (often mixed with sugar), as a filling in a sweet yeast-leavened bun known as
555:. Wild growth is vast compared to the population of Iceland and wild harvesting is legal, and a popular activity in August when the berry season peaks.
1331:
569:, and is traditionally gathered on the last Sunday in July, known as "Fraughan Sunday". Bilberries were also collected at the Celtic festival of
1091:
774:
2435:
2424:
1324:
596:
839:
482:
280:
139:
with the addition of "berry". In
Scandinavian languages, terms for bilberries have names that carry the meaning "blueberry": e.g.
1051:
1021:
1848:
464:
262:
1224:
41:
1047:
2472:
2235:
301:
453:
251:
2462:
1347:
1084:
460:
258:
35:
651:. In Nordic countries, they are eaten fresh or made into jams and other dishes, including bilberry pie (Finnish
1955:
1503:
1115:
994:. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, US National Institutes of Health. September 2016
678:
390:
fruits with a smooth, circular outline at the end opposite the stalk, whereas blueberries retain persistent
30:
This article is about the wild "European" blueberry. For the commonly cultivated "American" blueberry, see
2381:
1838:
1192:
711:
356:
128:
2326:
1992:
1890:
1473:
1178:
1129:
364:
305:
The interiors of bilberries (top) have dark-colored flesh, while bog bilberries (bottom) have pale flesh
2062:
1920:
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1685:
1680:
1453:
1305:
1185:
1136:
1077:
698:
544:
387:
348:
340:
332:
336:
L. (bog bilberry, bog blueberry, bog whortleberry, bog huckleberry, northern bilberry, ground hurts)
1705:
1675:
1665:
1150:
324:
115:
2457:
2002:
1910:
1654:
1530:
1213:
1206:
1199:
1171:
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1157:
1143:
525:
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661:
1925:
1905:
1649:
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1122:
973:
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884:
835:
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770:
690:
681:(a soured cream) or unsoured cream as a sauce for rice or pasta for a light summertime meal.
2467:
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1997:
1818:
1634:
1604:
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1540:
1418:
957:
911:
874:
804:
377:
195:
160:
55:
860:"Study of diversity of anthocyanin composition in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) fruits"
360:(mountain bilberry, black mountain huckleberry, black huckleberry, twin-leaved huckleberry)
2336:
2257:
2022:
1934:
1774:
1616:
1535:
1270:
1017:
552:
106:
2401:
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2240:
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1967:
1870:
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1639:
1599:
1589:
1579:
1552:
1493:
1380:
1355:
563:
368:(oval-leafed blueberry, oval-leaved bilberry, mountain blueberry, high-bush blueberry).
961:
736:
495:
2451:
2376:
2157:
2132:
2077:
1833:
1802:
1629:
1624:
1525:
1468:
1286:
1265:
767:
Wildflowers of
Britain and Ireland: The Complete Guide to the British and Irish Flora
716:
643:) is a traditional dessert. In Romania, they are used as a base for a liqueur called
403:
2406:
2391:
2230:
2152:
2042:
1987:
1982:
1950:
1940:
1860:
1843:
1749:
1644:
701:, there are no proven health benefits or anti-disease effects from consuming them.
694:
136:
859:
2282:
2172:
2167:
2142:
2125:
2115:
2106:
1972:
1823:
1718:
1458:
581:
548:
529:
442:
407:
399:
240:
936:
665:, a bilberry soup served hot or cold. In Iceland they are popularly eaten with
293:
2252:
2247:
2204:
2187:
2177:
2147:
2137:
2087:
1977:
1865:
1754:
1574:
1520:
1483:
1438:
1433:
1423:
1397:
1373:
612:
570:
540:
1316:
969:
879:
858:
Burdulis, D.; Ivanauskas, L.; Dirse, V.; Kazlauskas, S.; Razukas, A. (2007).
2331:
2182:
2052:
2027:
1915:
1900:
1885:
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1739:
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1660:
1557:
1547:
1478:
1463:
1428:
1239:
1100:
674:
516:
512:
414:
315:
310:
110:
101:
31:
977:
923:
888:
816:
113:
that bear edible, dark blue berries. The species most often referred to is
309:
Bilberries âwhich are native to Europeâ are different from North
American
17:
2072:
2037:
1945:
1930:
1828:
1784:
1769:
1759:
1744:
1734:
1488:
808:
636:
632:
411:
313:, although the species are closely related and belong to the same genus,
131:
origin, possibly from as early as 1577, being similar to the Danish word
991:
2314:
2309:
2299:
2272:
2192:
2092:
2057:
2047:
2032:
1789:
1700:
1569:
1564:
1443:
624:
467: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
265: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
92:
915:
547:
occupy the same habitat. Both species are commonly found growing with
543:
and the surrounding area. In most of the country, the closely related
2357:
2341:
2319:
2304:
2267:
2225:
2220:
2120:
1875:
1779:
1448:
1408:
628:
521:
693:
concluded there was no evidence that consuming bilberries improves
425:
bog bilberry pulp is pale-colored. The high anthocyanin content of
2287:
2162:
2082:
2067:
2014:
1764:
1723:
1515:
1393:
1368:
616:
595:
577:
494:
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292:
96:
40:
2294:
2277:
2262:
1507:
666:
508:
504:
1320:
1073:
673:, in jams (known for their health benefits in the treatment of
2102:
1807:
1363:
1069:
620:
608:
436:
234:
178:
204:
709:
Bilberry plants can suffer from bilberry blight, caused by
319:. They include several closely related species, including:
219:
210:
201:
181:
172:
79:
73:
119:
L., but there are several other closely related species.
64:
189:
in
Scottish and Northern English regional dialects, and
639:. In the Vosges and the Massif Central, bilberry tart (
429:
may cause staining of the fingers, lips, and tongue.
216:
213:
207:
175:
169:
166:
76:
70:
67:
61:
2350:
2213:
2101:
2013:
1798:
1714:
1615:
1502:
1389:
1354:
1279:
1248:
1232:
1107:
623:. In France and Italy, they are used as a base for
198:
163:
58:
584:species (see the list of Lepidoptera that feed on
834:. Cranbrook Institute of Science. p. 46.
539:, or "prime blueberry") grow predominantly in
1332:
1085:
417:. While blueberry fruit pulp is light green,
8:
398:Bilberries and blueberries contain diverse
1339:
1325:
1317:
1092:
1078:
1070:
904:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
765:Blamey, M.; Fitter, R.; Fitter, A (2003).
635:, they are often used as a flavouring for
878:
483:Learn how and when to remove this message
281:Learn how and when to remove this message
853:
851:
832:Michigan Flora Part III Dicots Concluded
769:. London: A & C Black. p. 106.
760:
758:
697:. Although bilberries have been used in
607:The fruits are eaten fresh or made into
576:Bilberry is used as a food plant by the
728:
647:â the name of the fruit in Romanian is
715:. There have been severe outbreaks in
127:The name "bilberry" appears to have a
743:. Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. 2016
372:These species, with the exception of
7:
2430:
1044:"Disease of Bilberry (Phytophthora)"
465:adding citations to reliable sources
263:adding citations to reliable sources
27:Species of shrub with edible berries
421:bilberry pulp is red or purple and
558:In Ireland, the fruit is known as
25:
962:10.1016/j.survophthal.2003.10.006
627:and are a popular flavouring for
535:In Iceland, bilberries (known as
2429:
2420:
2419:
1300:
1299:
1223:
441:
239:
194:
159:
54:
452:needs additional citations for
250:needs additional citations for
433:Wild and cultivated harvesting
1:
1048:Staffordshire County Council
2489:
1348:Non-timber forest products
797:American Journal of Botany
741:Merriam-Webster Dictionary
689:One review of low-quality
123:Etymology and common names
29:
2415:
1295:
1221:
150:The bilberry (especially
147:in Danish and Norwegian.
36:Bilberry (disambiguation)
880:10.3390/medicina43120127
503:Bilberries are found in
352:Piper (Cascade bilberry)
297:Ripe bilberry and leaves
154:) is generally known as
1116:Vaccinium angustifolium
950:Survey of Ophthalmology
631:and other desserts. In
344:Michx. (dwarf bilberry)
231:Description and species
2362:(Iberian agroforestry)
1600:Pacific mountain onion
1193:Vaccinium myrtilloides
712:Phytophthora kernoviae
604:
500:
357:Vaccinium membranaceum
306:
298:
46:
34:. For other uses, see
2382:Indian forest produce
1853:Hydnocarpus wightiana
1306:Category: Blueberries
1179:Vaccinium meridionale
1130:Vaccinium caesariense
599:
499:Closeup of bilberries
498:
365:Vaccinium ovalifolium
304:
296:
227:in southern England.
44:
1625:Bare-toothed russula
1186:Vaccinium myrsinites
1137:Vaccinium corymbosum
809:10.3732/ajb.89.2.327
699:traditional medicine
461:improve this article
349:Vaccinium deliciosum
341:Vaccinium cespitosum
333:Vaccinium uliginosum
259:improve this article
2236:musical instruments
1494:Woodland strawberry
1151:Vaccinium elliottii
830:Voss, E.G. (1996).
641:tarte aux myrtilles
602:tarte aux myrtilles
325:Vaccinium myrtillus
152:Vaccinium myrtillus
116:Vaccinium myrtillus
2473:Plant common names
1214:Vaccinium virgatum
1207:Vaccinium tenellum
1200:Vaccinium pallidum
1172:Vaccinium koreanum
1165:Vaccinium hirsutum
1158:Vaccinium fuscatum
1144:Vaccinium darrowii
1054:on 27 January 2018
605:
526:berry-picking rake
501:
307:
299:
47:
2445:
2444:
1314:
1313:
1123:Vaccinium boreale
916:10.1021/jf072857m
867:Medicina (Kaunas)
776:978-1-4081-7950-5
691:clinical research
493:
492:
485:
386:Bilberry are non-
291:
290:
283:
16:(Redirected from
2480:
2463:Medicinal plants
2433:
2432:
2423:
2422:
2397:Resin extraction
2387:Mushroom hunting
2363:
2109: / etc.
1963:
1856:
1691:Saffron milk cap
1681:Parasol mushroom
1521:Fiddlehead ferns
1341:
1334:
1327:
1318:
1303:
1302:
1227:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1071:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1050:. Archived from
1040:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1024:on 27 March 2012
1020:. Archived from
1010:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
988:
982:
981:
945:
939:
934:
928:
927:
899:
893:
892:
882:
864:
855:
846:
845:
827:
821:
820:
787:
781:
780:
762:
753:
752:
750:
748:
733:
653:mustikkapiirakka
507:, nutrient-poor
488:
481:
477:
474:
468:
445:
437:
286:
279:
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266:
243:
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226:
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85:
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60:
21:
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2481:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2411:
2361:
2346:
2337:Vegetable ivory
2209:
2097:
2009:
1957:
1850:
1812:
1794:
1728:
1710:
1676:Oyster mushroom
1666:Meadow mushroom
1611:
1595:Twincrest onion
1498:
1402:
1385:
1356:Animal products
1350:
1345:
1315:
1310:
1291:
1275:
1271:Blueberry sauce
1244:
1228:
1219:
1103:
1098:
1068:
1067:
1057:
1055:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1027:
1025:
1018:Natural England
1012:
1011:
1007:
997:
995:
990:
989:
985:
947:
946:
942:
935:
931:
901:
900:
896:
862:
857:
856:
849:
842:
829:
828:
824:
789:
788:
784:
777:
764:
763:
756:
746:
744:
735:
734:
730:
725:
707:
687:
594:
511:throughout the
489:
478:
472:
469:
458:
446:
435:
402:, specifically
287:
276:
270:
267:
256:
244:
233:
197:
193:
162:
158:
143:in Swedish and
125:
107:flowering plant
57:
53:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2486:
2484:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2450:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2427:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2402:Rubber tapping
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:Forest farming
2365:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2312:
2307:
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2297:
2292:
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2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2244:
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2223:
2217:
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2197:
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2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
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2128:
2118:
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2110:
2099:
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2075:
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2055:
2050:
2045:
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2035:
2030:
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2019:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2004:Vateria indica
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:Shorea robusta
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
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1767:
1762:
1757:
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1737:
1731:
1729:
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1726:
1721:
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1709:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1652:
1650:Honey mushroom
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1621:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1533:
1531:Mahuwa flowers
1528:
1523:
1518:
1512:
1510:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1486:
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1471:
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1446:
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1400:
1390:
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1386:
1384:
1383:
1378:
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1376:
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1358:
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1312:
1311:
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1296:
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1289:
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1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1236:
1234:
1233:General topics
1230:
1229:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1168:
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1109:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1074:
1066:
1065:
1035:
1014:"Phytophthora"
1005:
983:
940:
929:
894:
847:
840:
822:
803:(2): 327â336.
782:
775:
754:
727:
726:
724:
721:
706:
703:
686:
683:
600:Bilberry pie,
593:
590:
491:
490:
449:
447:
440:
434:
431:
404:anthocyanidins
376:, are part of
370:
369:
361:
353:
345:
337:
329:
289:
288:
247:
245:
238:
232:
229:
124:
121:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2485:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2438:
2437:
2428:
2426:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2377:Honey hunting
2375:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
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2271:
2269:
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2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
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2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
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2176:
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2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2133:Coconut sugar
2131:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2094:
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1736:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1706:Yellow knight
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1696:Slippery jack
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
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1669:
1667:
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1538:
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1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1526:Heart of palm
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1504:Edible plants
1501:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1469:Juniper berry
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
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1447:
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1437:
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1337:
1335:
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1328:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1288:
1287:Blueberry tea
1285:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1266:Blueberry pie
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1231:
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1125:
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1120:
1118:
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1113:
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1106:
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1076:
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984:
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944:
941:
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925:
921:
917:
913:
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905:
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895:
890:
886:
881:
876:
873:(12): 971â7.
872:
868:
861:
854:
852:
848:
843:
841:1-877370-40-1
837:
833:
826:
823:
818:
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810:
806:
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786:
783:
778:
772:
768:
761:
759:
755:
742:
738:
732:
729:
722:
720:
718:
717:Staffordshire
714:
713:
704:
702:
700:
696:
692:
684:
682:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
663:
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583:
579:
574:
572:
568:
565:
561:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
533:
531:
530:lingonberries
527:
523:
518:
514:
510:
506:
497:
487:
484:
476:
466:
462:
456:
455:
450:This section
448:
444:
439:
438:
432:
430:
428:
424:
423:V. uliginosum
420:
416:
413:
409:
405:
401:
396:
393:
389:
384:
382:
379:
375:
374:V. uliginosum
367:
366:
362:
359:
358:
354:
351:
350:
346:
343:
342:
338:
335:
334:
330:
328:L. (bilberry)
327:
326:
322:
321:
320:
318:
317:
312:
303:
295:
285:
282:
274:
264:
260:
254:
253:
248:This section
246:
242:
237:
236:
230:
228:
224:
192:
186:
157:
153:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
122:
120:
118:
117:
112:
108:
104:
103:
99:in the genus
98:
94:
90:
84:
51:
43:
37:
33:
19:
2434:
2407:Wildcrafting
2392:Naval stores
2370: /
2358:
2327:Tendu leaves
2283:Natural dyes
2153:Gutta-percha
2105: /
2043:Frankincense
2003:
1959:
1916:Mango butter
1861:Cocoa butter
1852:
1849:Chaulmoogra
1819:Allanblackia
1750:Black pepper
1635:Birch bolete
1585:Canada onion
1570:Wild ginseng
1565:Saw palmetto
1506: /
1413:
1396: /
1261:BlÄbÀrssoppa
1255:
1212:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1170:
1163:
1156:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1056:. Retrieved
1052:the original
1038:
1026:. Retrieved
1022:the original
1008:
996:. Retrieved
986:
956:(1): 38â50.
953:
949:
943:
932:
910:(1): 190â6.
907:
903:
897:
870:
866:
831:
825:
800:
796:
792:
785:
766:
745:. Retrieved
740:
731:
710:
708:
695:night vision
688:
677:) and with
670:
662:blÄbÀrssoppa
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
606:
601:
585:
575:
566:
559:
557:
536:
534:
502:
479:
473:January 2021
470:
459:Please help
454:verification
451:
427:V. myrtillus
426:
422:
419:V. myrtillus
418:
406:, including
400:anthocyanins
397:
385:
380:
373:
371:
363:
355:
347:
339:
331:
323:
314:
308:
277:
271:January 2021
268:
257:Please help
252:verification
249:
191:whortleberry
190:
155:
151:
149:
144:
140:
137:whortleberry
132:
129:Scandinavian
126:
114:
100:
95:low-growing
88:
49:
48:
2342:Willow bark
2173:Maple syrup
2168:Maple sugar
2143:Fruit syrup
2126:chewing gum
2116:Birch syrup
1973:Shea butter
1645:Chanterelle
1590:Crow garlic
1580:Bear garlic
1575:Wild onions
1553:filé powder
1474:Lingonberry
1459:Huckleberry
1101:Blueberries
719:, England.
671:jagodzianka
582:Lepidoptera
562:, from the
553:crowberries
549:dwarf birch
408:delphinidin
388:climacteric
311:blueberries
89:blueberries
2452:Categories
2253:Birch beer
2248:Birch bark
2205:Spruce gum
2188:akpeteshie
2178:Palm sugar
2148:Gum arabic
2138:Date sugar
2088:Turpentine
1968:Sandalwood
1871:Eucalyptus
1866:Eucalyptol
1755:Brazil nut
1630:Bay bolete
1484:Strawberry
1439:Cocoa bean
1434:Breadfruit
1424:Blackberry
1398:tree fruit
1058:26 January
998:26 January
992:"Bilberry"
737:"Bilberry"
723:References
657:blÄbÀrspaj
655:, Swedish
571:Lughnasadh
541:Westfjords
537:aĂ°alblĂĄber
415:glycosides
50:Bilberries
45:Bilberries
18:Bilberries
2458:Vaccinium
2372:gardening
2332:Thatching
2183:Palm wine
2028:Birch tar
1956:Sal-seed
1881:Japan wax
1834:Candlenut
1775:Malva nut
1740:Areca nut
1661:Matsutake
1617:Mushrooms
1558:root beer
1548:Sassafras
1536:Sago palm
1479:Raspberry
1464:Jackfruit
1429:Blueberry
1381:Wild game
1240:Blueberry
970:0039-6257
937:sv:BlÄbÀr
747:1 January
675:diarrhoea
586:Vaccinium
517:subarctic
513:temperate
381:Myrtillus
316:Vaccinium
156:blaeberry
111:Ericaceae
102:Vaccinium
32:Blueberry
2425:Category
2241:textiles
2073:Pine tar
2038:Creosote
1988:Tea-tree
1983:Tea-seed
1951:Pongamia
1941:Phulwara
1926:Nagkesar
1921:Murumuru
1896:Kpangnan
1844:Carnauba
1785:Pine nut
1770:Hazelnut
1760:Cinnamon
1745:Bay leaf
1735:Allspice
1657:(reishi)
1489:Tamarind
1454:Gambooge
1414:Bilberry
1280:See also
1256:Bilberry
978:14711439
924:18072741
889:18182842
817:21669741
705:Diseases
685:Research
679:Ćmietana
633:Brittany
625:liqueurs
580:of some
567:fraochĂĄn
560:fraughan
520:area of
412:cyanidin
93:Eurasian
2468:Berries
2436:Commons
2351:Related
2315:Tanbark
2310:Shellac
2300:Quinine
2273:Gambier
2193:ogogoro
2093:Varnish
2058:Lacquer
2048:Gamboge
2033:Camphor
2023:Benzoin
1933: (
1839:Capuacu
1824:Babassu
1790:Vanilla
1701:Truffle
1686:Red cap
1655:Lingzhi
1444:Coconut
1419:Binukaw
1394:Berries
1249:As food
1108:Species
1028:26 June
793:Satyria
645:afinatÄ
629:sorbets
378:section
109:family
105:in the
2359:Dehesa
2320:tannin
2305:Rattan
2268:Forage
2231:edible
2226:Bamboo
2221:Amadou
2200:Rubber
2121:Chicle
2063:Mastic
2015:Resins
1998:Ucuuba
1993:Tucuma
1978:Tamanu
1935:kernel
1906:Mafura
1876:Illipe
1829:Bacuri
1780:Nutmeg
1724:spices
1449:Durian
1409:Banana
1304:
976:
968:
922:
887:
838:
815:
773:
659:) and
637:crĂȘpes
617:juices
578:larvae
545:blĂĄber
522:Sweden
505:acidic
392:sepals
145:blÄbÊr
141:blÄbÀr
97:shrubs
2288:henna
2263:Ferns
2214:Other
2163:Latex
2083:Rosin
2078:Pitch
2068:Myrrh
2053:Kauri
1911:Mahua
1901:Kusum
1891:Kombo
1886:Kokum
1808:waxes
1765:Clove
1671:Morel
1605:Ramps
1541:queen
1516:Betel
1508:roots
1369:Honey
863:(PDF)
649:afinÄ
619:, or
613:fools
564:Irish
528:like
509:soils
133:bĂžlle
87:) or
2295:Peat
2278:Moss
2258:Cork
2158:Kino
1946:Pilu
1931:Palm
1719:Nuts
1374:pine
1364:Furs
1060:2018
1030:2011
1000:2018
974:PMID
966:ISSN
920:PMID
885:PMID
836:ISBN
813:PMID
771:ISBN
749:2017
667:skyr
621:pies
609:jams
592:Food
551:and
515:and
410:and
135:for
91:are
2107:gum
2103:Sap
1803:Oil
1640:Cep
958:doi
912:doi
875:doi
805:doi
795:".
588:).
463:by
261:by
205:ÉËr
2454::
1046:.
1016:.
972:.
964:.
954:49
952:.
918:.
908:56
906:.
883:.
871:43
869:.
865:.
850:^
811:.
801:89
799:.
757:^
739:.
615:,
611:,
383:.
202:hw
179:Ér
173:eÉȘ
1962:)
1958:(
1937:)
1855:)
1851:(
1340:e
1333:t
1326:v
1093:e
1086:t
1079:v
1062:.
1032:.
1002:.
980:.
960::
926:.
914::
891:.
877::
844:.
819:.
807::
779:.
751:.
486:)
480:(
475:)
471:(
457:.
284:)
278:(
273:)
269:(
255:.
223:/
220:i
217:r
214:b
211:É
208:t
199:Ë
196:/
185:/
182:i
176:b
170:l
167:b
164:Ë
161:/
83:/
80:i
77:r
74:É
71:b
68:l
65:ÉȘ
62:b
59:Ë
56:/
52:(
38:.
20:)
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