151:
602:
497:
1090:
167:
1079:
507:
27:
190:
domestic market whose trading system was based on the exchange of local produce. Land and other common resources were managed and distributed equally by collective agreements held during meetings chaired by a mediating king, using a system of participatory democracy where the king was a figure of justice and democratic mediation.
219:
to the island. Both before and after the incorporation of El Hierro to the
Spanish crown, some population of working age were taken from the island to Castile for slave labour, before later regaining the status of human beings, and being returned to the island. Later, the island was also populated by
189:
crown forces, the population was largely pastoral, raising cattle, goats, sheep and pigs, alongside the cultivation of grain and maritime resources. As there were no merchant trade routes servicing the island, the vessels that brought the inhabitants to the island were destroyed with time, and left a
178:, who promised to respect the freedom of the Bimbache, and there was no resistance from the small aboriginal population. This promise was broken by de BĂ©thencourt's son, who sold most of the Bimbache inhabitants as slaves, and the island was repopulated with Spanish and Norman settlers.
214:
The gradual expansion of control by the Crown of
Castile and Aragon delegated benefits of both land and commercial production rights to a minority by means of a feudal regime. Additionally, the native religion's symbols of nature were suppressed in order to introduce
716:
198:
Each island of the
Canaries had its own gods, distinct to each island, though the islands shared common concepts in their mythology, such as divine power represented by Nature. The two benign deities in El Hierro were the god
711:
824:
471:
789:
438:
1118:
464:
779:
297:
society. The authors of the study suggested that the
Bimbache were descended from the earliest of two or more migration waves from North Africa to the
794:
1032:
576:
571:
819:
1128:
804:
510:
500:
457:
115:
that took place between 1402 and 1496. The
Bimbache are one of several peoples native to the Canaries, with a genetic and cultural link to the
761:
536:
1123:
956:
814:
391:
293:
have been found to be carriers of R1b1a2. The dominance of a single maternal lineage (H1-1626) suggested that the
Bimbache were a
829:
586:
581:
541:
320:
834:
784:
556:
927:
731:
253:
examined the remains of a large number of
Bimbache buried at Punta Azul, El Hierro c. 1015-1200 AD. The 16 samples of
862:
566:
546:
1113:
551:
443:
1060:
799:
746:
721:
650:
1027:
961:
175:
1065:
1055:
991:
634:
386:
981:
756:
741:
404:
387:"Genetic studies on the prehispanic population buried in Punta Azul cave (El Hierro, Canary Islands)"
274:
150:
986:
591:
245:
1138:
1012:
976:
601:
278:
123:. The Bimbache people shared a common link with other aboriginal peoples of the Canary Islands.
200:
1007:
971:
966:
736:
266:
258:
1133:
1022:
844:
726:
628:
624:
619:
561:
412:
262:
182:
32:
241:
225:
186:
449:
408:
1094:
1017:
484:
298:
112:
84:
1107:
912:
809:
751:
325:
285:
lineage, but is also found at low frequencies in North Africa. About 10% of examined
116:
76:
1083:
917:
887:
290:
216:
120:
158:
Unlike the other Canary
Islands, El Hierro had no internal territorial divisions.
344:
935:
665:
294:
281:, while E1b1b1a1 is very common in North Africa. R1b1a2 is considered a typical
166:
897:
882:
655:
416:
126:
The island of El Hierro was known to the
Bimbache as EserĂł or HerĂł. The word
1089:
852:
675:
670:
660:
310:
208:
108:
902:
892:
877:
872:
695:
526:
400:
315:
286:
237:
139:
135:
92:
228:
origin, also under a feudal system by the Crowns of
Castile and Aragon.
907:
680:
480:
204:
64:
26:
940:
690:
282:
221:
1050:
867:
857:
685:
270:
254:
165:
453:
111:, who inhabited the island before the Spanish conquest of the
600:
825:
Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes de Santa Cruz de Tenerife
174:
The Spanish conquest was carried out in late 1405 by
385:
Ordóñez, Alejandra C.; et al. (February 2017).
1041:
1000:
949:
926:
843:
770:
704:
643:
612:
519:
70:
58:
53:
40:
790:Castle of San CristĂłbal (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)
257:extracted belonged to the paternal haplogroups
367:
355:
250:
465:
211:, who was prayed to in times of desperation.
8:
134:, so were believed to be descendants of the
19:
154:Satellite image of the island of El Hierro.
138:, the ancient inhabitants of the island of
780:Archaeological Museum of Puerto de la Cruz
472:
458:
450:
269:(7 samples). All the extracted samples of
18:
149:
107:is the name given to the inhabitants of
712:Bienes de Interés Cultural (Las Palmas)
577:Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1797)
572:Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1657)
337:
805:Elder Museum of Science and Technology
795:Centro de FotografĂa Isla de Tenerife
717:Bienes de Interés Cultural (Tenerife)
162:The Spanish conquest and the Bimbache
7:
820:Museo de la Naturaleza y ArqueologĂa
506:
273:belonged to the maternal haplogroup
54:Regions with significant populations
345:Historia, El Hierro, Islas Canarias
246:Bell Beaker culture § Genetics
1119:Indigenous peoples of North Africa
957:Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife
14:
815:Museum of the History of Tenerife
392:Journal of Archaeological Science
1088:
1077:
830:Museum of Science and the Cosmos
505:
496:
495:
146:Division of aboriginal territory
25:
242:Kelif el Boroud § Genetics
207:, with a third malevolent god,
321:Conquest of the Canary Islands
132:"Sons of the Sons of Tenerife"
1:
1129:History of the Canary Islands
835:Tenerife Espacio de las Artes
785:Atlantic Center of Modern Art
557:Kingdom of the Canary Islands
762:Church of San Juan Bautista
1155:
598:
235:
181:Before the arrival of the
1124:Berber peoples and tribes
1074:
863:Canarian wrinkly potatoes
567:Second Battle of Acentejo
491:
417:10.1016/j.jas.2016.11.004
75:
63:
45:
24:
552:First Battle of Acentejo
277:. E1a is most common in
238:Guanches § Genetics
31:Painting of Bimbache by
962:Carnival of Las Palmas
606:
358:, p. 24, Table 2.
171:
155:
1066:Caldera de Taburiente
1056:Auditorio de Tenerife
1028:Open Lanzarote Island
604:
169:
153:
71:Related ethnic groups
982:Virgin of Candelaria
800:Castillo de San José
757:Painted Cave, Galdar
747:El Maipés Necropolis
742:Las Palmas Cathedral
722:Castillo de San José
587:Autonomous community
987:Cristo de La Laguna
928:Musical instruments
592:Canarian Parliament
547:Treaty of Alcáçovas
444:Museums of Tenerife
409:2017JArSc..78...20O
368:Ordóñez et al. 2017
356:Ordóñez et al. 2017
251:Ordóñez et al. 2017
176:Jean de BĂ©thencourt
170:Jean de BĂ©thencourt
21:
1095:Islands portal
1044:the Canary Islands
1013:Canarian wrestling
607:
582:Spanish transition
537:Pre-colonial times
279:sub-Saharan Africa
194:Bimbache mythology
172:
156:
1101:
1100:
1042:Symbols places of
972:Cavalcade of Magi
967:Bajada (festival)
737:Guayadeque ravine
98:
97:
33:Leonardo Torriani
1146:
1093:
1092:
1084:Spain portal
1082:
1081:
1080:
1033:Open Costa Adeje
1023:Salto del pastor
727:Caves of Valeron
562:Battle of Aguere
509:
508:
499:
498:
474:
467:
460:
451:
427:
425:
423:
371:
365:
359:
353:
347:
342:
265:(7 samples) and
203:and the goddess
41:Total population
29:
22:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1114:Ancient peoples
1104:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1087:
1078:
1076:
1070:
1043:
1037:
996:
945:
922:
839:
772:
766:
732:Four Doors cave
700:
639:
635:Gomeran Whistle
608:
596:
515:
487:
481:Cultural domain
478:
435:
430:
421:
419:
384:
380:
375:
374:
366:
362:
354:
350:
343:
339:
334:
307:
248:
234:
196:
164:
148:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1152:
1150:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1106:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1047:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1018:Juego del Palo
1015:
1010:
1004:
1002:
998:
997:
995:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
953:
951:
947:
946:
944:
943:
938:
932:
930:
924:
923:
921:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
858:Canarian arepa
855:
849:
847:
841:
840:
838:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
776:
774:
768:
767:
765:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
708:
706:
705:Historic sites
702:
701:
699:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
651:Gara and Jonay
647:
645:
641:
640:
638:
637:
632:
622:
616:
614:
610:
609:
599:
597:
595:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
523:
521:
517:
516:
514:
513:
503:
492:
489:
488:
485:Canary Islands
479:
477:
476:
469:
462:
454:
448:
447:
441:
434:
433:External links
431:
429:
428:
381:
379:
376:
373:
372:
360:
348:
336:
335:
333:
330:
329:
328:
323:
318:
313:
306:
303:
299:Canary Islands
233:
230:
195:
192:
163:
160:
147:
144:
113:Canary Islands
96:
95:
73:
72:
68:
67:
61:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
43:
42:
38:
37:
30:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1151:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1096:
1091:
1085:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1003:
999:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
954:
952:
948:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
931:
929:
925:
919:
916:
914:
913:Tropical beer
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
883:Miel de palma
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
850:
848:
846:
842:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
810:Museo Canario
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
777:
775:
773:and galleries
769:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
752:Museo Canario
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
709:
707:
703:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
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672:
669:
667:
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652:
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648:
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636:
633:
630:
626:
623:
621:
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611:
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583:
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418:
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388:
383:
382:
377:
369:
364:
361:
357:
352:
349:
346:
341:
338:
331:
327:
326:Berber people
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
308:
304:
302:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
247:
243:
239:
231:
229:
227:
223:
218:
212:
210:
206:
202:
193:
191:
188:
184:
179:
177:
168:
161:
159:
152:
145:
143:
141:
137:
133:
129:
124:
122:
118:
117:Berber people
114:
110:
106:
102:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
69:
66:
62:
57:
52:
48:
44:
39:
34:
28:
23:
1086:
1008:Bola canaria
531:
420:. Retrieved
396:
390:
363:
351:
340:
291:Gran Canaria
261:(1 sample),
249:
217:Christianity
213:
197:
180:
173:
157:
131:
127:
125:
121:North Africa
104:
100:
99:
88:
80:
46:
16:Ethnic group
666:Achuhucanac
295:matrilineal
1108:Categories
950:Traditions
898:Ropa vieja
332:References
236:See also:
220:people of
128:"Bimbache"
1139:El Hierro
1061:Garajonay
977:Holy Week
853:Almogrote
676:Chijoraji
671:Chaxiraxi
661:Achuguayo
644:Mythology
613:Languages
403:: 20–28.
311:El Hierro
209:Aranfaybo
201:Eraorahan
187:Aragonese
183:Castilian
109:El Hierro
992:Akelarre
936:Chácaras
903:Sancocho
893:Pasteles
878:Majorero
873:Malvasia
696:Tibicena
625:Canarian
542:Conquest
532:Bimbache
527:Guanches
501:Category
439:Guanches
422:July 13,
401:Elsevier
316:Guanches
305:See also
287:Guanches
283:European
263:E1b1b1a1
232:Genetics
226:Galician
140:Tenerife
136:Guanches
101:Bimbache
93:Guanches
59:Religion
20:Bimbache
1134:Guanche
908:Sangria
845:Cuisine
771:Museums
681:Guayota
656:Achamán
629:Spanish
620:Guanche
520:History
511:Commons
483:of the
405:Bibcode
378:Sources
275:H1-1626
205:Moneiba
105:Bimbape
85:Riffian
65:Animism
47:Unknown
1001:Sports
941:Timple
691:Maxios
605:G-clef
267:R1b1a2
244:, and
222:French
130:means
89:·
87:
81:·
79:
77:Berber
35:, 1592
1051:Teide
918:Wines
868:Gofio
686:Magec
271:mtDNA
255:Y-DNA
91:
83:
888:Mojo
424:2020
224:and
185:and
413:doi
289:of
259:E1a
119:of
103:or
1110::
411:.
399:.
397:78
395:.
389:.
301:.
240:,
142:.
631:)
627:(
473:e
466:t
459:v
446:.
426:.
415::
407::
370:.
49:–
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
