603:. Consequently, two major Christian bodies broke communion became two fractions: One faction, now identified as the Catholic Church, represented the Latin West under the leadership of the pope; the other faction, now identified as the Eastern Orthodox Church, represented the Greek East under the collegial authority of the patriarchs of Antioch, Jerusalem, Constantinople and Alexandria. This split, however, was then most likely known only within higher clerics who either gave it little importance or expected it to be overcome soon.
3047:
2258:
934:, but Severus and his followers did not recognize his deposition. This led to two rival sequences of patriarchs: Severus and his successors, recognized by the two Syriac churches; and Paul and his successors, recognized by the Greek Orthodox, Melkite, and Maronite Churches. It was the successors of Paul who were recognized as legitimate by the Byzantine government.
567:, who became the first Patriarch of the Maronite Church. The appointing of a Patriarch made the Byzantine Emperor furious, which led to the persecution of the Maronites by the Byzantines, and their consequent retreat into the mountains of Lebanon, where they would continue to reside until the French mandate after World War 1.
681:
by
Mamluks which left the significance of the patriarchate, together with the ecclesiastical schisms between Rome and Constantinople and between Constantinople and Alexandria and Antioch, isolated, fractured and debased. The Latin Patriarch went into exile in 1268, and the office became titular only.
611:
and asked him to send a profession of faith back as the popes had not been commemorated in the diptychs for 30 years. After
Michael I Cerularius had excommunicated the Latin Church in 1054, informed also Peter III whose reply shows the non-importance he and many others maintained toward the events of
447:
in
Constantinople, Rome, and Alexandria which for various reasons became mired in the theology of imperial state religion, many of its Patriarchs managed to straddle the divide between the controversies of Christology and imperial unity through its piety and straightforward grasp of early Christian
913:
One way to understand the historical interrelationships between the various churches is to examine their chain of episcopal successionâthat is, the sequence of bishops that each church regards as having been the predecessors of each church's current claimant to the patriarchate. There were four
749:
in the region, which has been marked by internecine struggles and persecution, particularly since the
Islamic conquest. Indeed, the Christian population in the original territories of the Antiochene patriarchs has been all but eliminated by assimilation and expulsion, with the region's current
961:
in his stead. Thus there were now three rival patriarchs: those that recognized
Severus and his successors, those that recognized John Maron and his successors, and those that recognized Theophanes and his successors. It was the successors of Theophanes who were recognized as legitimate by the
606:
As with the patriarchates of
Alexandria and Jerusalem, communication between Rome and Antioch was not as easy as between Rome and Constantinople. Nevertheless, documentation between Antioch and Rome exist such as when in 1052 Patriarch Peter III send news of his appointment to
273:
in 1268, and was abolished completely in 1964. In the 18th century, succession disputes in the Greek
Orthodox and Syriac Orthodox Churches of Antioch led to factions of those churches entering into communion with Rome under claimants to the patriarchate: respectively the
559:(due to impossible communication with the wider church, being surrounded after the Muslim expansions, meaning they couldnât single it out as a heresy until re-establishment of communication with Rome) until the 12th century through establishment of communion with
485:. The Chalcedonians refused to recognise the dismissal and continued to recognise Flavian as Patriarch forming a rival church. From 518, on the death of Flavian and the appointment of his successor, the Chalcedonian Church became known as the
464:
in 451 resulted in a long struggle for the
Patriarchate between those who accepted and those who rejected the Council. The issue came to a head in 512, when a synod was convened in Sidon by the non-Chalcedonians, which resulted in
612:
1054; Peter maintained the Latins were their brothers but that their thinking was prone to error and that as barbarians they should be excused from a precise understanding of orthodoxy. In 1085, the city was captured by
698:, who refused to recognize the election and appointed another patriarch in his stead. Many Melkites continued to acknowledge Cyril's claim to the patriarchate. Thus from 1724 the Greek Church of Antioch split up in the
527:
power of the
Antiochene patriarchs faded. Additionally, the city suffered several natural disasters including major earthquakes throughout the 4th and 6th centuries and anti-Christian conquests beginning with the
518:
were followed by the
Islamic conquests which began in the late 7th century, resulting in the patriarch's ecclesiastical authority becoming entangled in the politics of imperial authority and later Islamic
941:, who recognized the legitimacy of Paul the Jew and his successors until Byzantium began to appoint titular patriarchs of Antioch ending with Theophanes (681â687), was elected Patriarch of Antioch by the
2702:
2295:
191:. This diocese is one of the few for which the names of its bishops from the apostolic beginnings have been preserved. Today five churches use the title of patriarch of Antioch: one
636:
and subject to torture in front of the eyes of the crusaders. After the conquest of the city in June 1098, John was released and reinstated by the spiritual leader of the crusader,
391:, the Antiochene Patriarch remained the most independent, powerful, and trusted of the eastern patriarchs. The Antiochene church was a centre of Christian learning, second only to
2767:
2518:
1231:
1033:
761:
1608:
1122:
3001:
1000:, a bishop who was already in communion with the Catholic Church, as patriarch of Antioch. Shortly thereafter, another faction, who rejected communion with Rome, elected
575:
Over the centuries, differences between the Church in the East and West emerged such as the use of unleavened bread for the Eucharist in the West or the addition of the
3082:
2611:
2231:
651:
and went in opposition to Alexios I in 1099/1100, forcing John to leave the patriarchate due to his suspected loyalty to the Byzantine Emperor. Bohemond selected
1174:
1168:
1145:
1045:
482:
563:. Although the Maronites initially fought alongside the Byzantines in their struggle against the Arabs, in 685 AD, they appointed a Patriarch for themselves,
1180:
1114:
1087:
1064:
827:
2288:
275:
2746:
2633:
2207:
914:
points in history where a disputed succession to the patriarchate led to a lasting institutional schism, leading to the five churches that exist today.
2759:
2600:
2544:
2470:
2454:
504:
2664:
2560:
1601:
1186:
31:
328:
established the church in Antioch which was the first major Christian area before the 4th century and was the city's first bishop, before going to
2832:
2484:
2202:
2142:
1522:
2537:
2450:
2281:
1929:
1192:
1090:
until Byzantium began appointing titular Patriarchs of Antioch ending with Theophanes (681â687), at which point they recognize the election of
695:
2645:
1556:
1494:
1311:
2477:
1803:
287:
279:
790:
that is in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church's Holy See at the Vatican and uses the Antiochene liturgy. The see is based in
2742:
2730:
1594:
882:, they established a Latin Church church in the city, whose head took the title of Patriarch. After the Crusaders were expelled by the
283:
1581:
2824:
2670:
2649:
2815:
2528:
1878:
1349:
1284:
2625:
2132:
1872:
1866:
1216:
1056:
990:
894:
699:
496:
196:
2949:
2933:
2861:
2711:
2679:
2590:
2507:
2439:
2423:
2127:
1914:
1773:
3077:
2975:
2941:
2920:
2380:
2197:
1847:
1071:, then recognizes Sylvester of Antioch as Athanasius III's successor in 1724, then recognizes Sylvester's successors down to
859:
809:
787:
2901:
2568:
2112:
1707:
1211:
1162:
1137:
1110:
1106:
1083:
1060:
1025:
986:
919:
855:
753:
The current patriarchs of Antioch are listed below in order of their accession to the post, from earliest to most recent.
703:
656:
304:
227:
220:
109:
340:. By the fourth century, the bishop of Antioch had become the most senior bishop in a region covering modern-day eastern
1841:
2803:
2214:
2031:
1890:
1788:
1782:
1752:
1141:
1095:
997:
954:
801:
486:
384:
737:
of Rome. All five see themselves as part of the Antiochene heritage and claim a right to the Antiochene See through
2993:
2775:
1858:
1758:
1665:
1198:
890:
831:
85:
854:, Patriarch of Antioch and All the East, Alexandria, and Jerusalem of the Greek Melkites. He is the leader of the
3007:
2889:
1833:
1721:
1640:
1149:
779:
745:. This multiplicity of Patriarchs of Antioch as well as their lack of location in Antioch, reflects the troubled
727:
93:
2987:
2895:
2874:
2071:
1935:
1729:
949:
sent an army to dislodge John from the see; John and his followers retreated to Lebanon, where they formed the
805:
592:
478:
862:
that is in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church and uses the Byzantine liturgy. His see is based in
3072:
2956:
2841:
2722:
2706:
2580:
2345:
2016:
1923:
1099:
879:
835:
812:
that is in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church and uses the Maronite liturgy. His see is based in
746:
678:
674:
648:
523:. Being considered independent of both Byzantine and Arab Muslim power but in essence occupied by both, the
270:
81:
2137:
958:
2963:
2908:
2552:
2056:
2041:
1899:
1673:
1654:
1226:
1221:
1133:
1021:
1009:
1005:
783:
765:
474:
310:
216:
204:
117:
324:
The church in Antioch was the first to be called "Christian," according to Acts. According to tradition,
1468:
1068:
1037:
985:
in his stead. Cyril and Sylvester both had followers, and both continued to claim the patriarchate. The
644:
466:
974:
588:
1041:
1001:
710:
recognized Cyril as the Eastern Catholic patriarch of Antioch and welcomed him and his followers into
2654:
2604:
2584:
2460:
2326:
2187:
2021:
1996:
982:
978:
797:
738:
596:
461:
388:
238:
184:
3051:
2262:
2236:
2091:
2076:
2036:
1617:
333:
234:
183:
is derived) of the first gentile Christian community, the position has been of prime importance in
3092:
2882:
2373:
2356:
2147:
2051:
1981:
1695:
1402:
1394:
1049:
923:
757:
707:
652:
621:
470:
353:
254:
226:
According to the pre-congregation church tradition, this ancient patriarchate was founded by the
188:
633:
782:, patriarch of Antioch and all the East of the Syrians. Ignace Joseph III is the leader of the
2501:
2192:
1956:
1631:
1552:
1490:
1386:
1345:
1307:
1301:
1280:
1072:
902:
843:
823:
769:
730:
637:
377:
373:
337:
200:
156:
42:
1484:
372:. His hierarchy served the largest number of Christians in the known world at that time. The
3026:
2318:
2081:
2006:
1812:
1688:
1625:
1542:
1378:
1113:, then recognizes that Severus was deposed in favor of Paul the Jew in 518, then recognizes
1086:, then recognizes that Severus was deposed in favor of Paul the Jew in 518, then recognizes
1063:, then recognizes that Severus was deposed in favor of Paul the Jew in 519, then recognizes
1029:
726:
Today, five churches claim the title of patriarch of Antioch; three of these are autonomous
629:
613:
548:
416:
246:
208:
192:
127:
473:(a non-Chalcedonian). The non-Chalcedonians under Severus eventually came to be called the
2418:
2336:
2174:
2157:
2152:
1976:
1971:
1648:
1438:
1079:
970:
950:
875:
715:
670:
595:
to Constantinople when Humbert excommunicated (invalidly) the Patriach of Constantinople,
584:
539:
in the seventh century before the city could be recovered by the Byzantine Empire in 969.
532:
212:
113:
89:
996:
In 1783, a faction within the church that recognized Severus and his successors elected
249:
claimants to the see. After a 7th-century succession dispute in the Melkite church, the
2250:
2117:
2107:
2061:
2001:
1733:
1711:
1118:
966:
887:
711:
691:
617:
508:
457:
412:
131:
3066:
3031:
2401:
2224:
1910:
1769:
1406:
625:
556:
515:
491:
258:
1548:
Christ in Christian Tradition: The Churches of Jerusalem and Antioch from 451 to 600
1462:
17:
2364:
2322:
2308:
2304:
2066:
2026:
1986:
1744:
1443:
1420:
1126:
946:
931:
580:
444:
440:
262:
1546:
1274:
3087:
2273:
2086:
1261:
851:
694:
was elected Greek patriarch of Antioch. He was considered to be pro-Rome by the
608:
552:
529:
500:
430:
400:
396:
325:
266:
230:
71:
905:, who died without a successor in 1953. The post itself was abolished in 1964.
2011:
1091:
938:
926:, who rejected the Council of Chalcedon, was deposed by the Byzantine Emperor
564:
404:
392:
318:
1572:
1390:
3046:
2787:
2394:
2257:
1966:
662:
The Western influence in the area was finally ended by the victories of the
433:
in certain extremes, and to the clear distinction of two natures of Christ (
423:
monotheistic thoughtâemphasizing the single, transcendent divine substance (
420:
102:
1509:
1276:
The Apostles of Jesus Christ: Thirteen Men Who Turned the World Upside-Down
813:
965:
In 1724, the church that recognized Theophanes and his successors elected
2434:
2219:
2122:
1961:
942:
927:
863:
839:
773:
576:
560:
520:
250:
1582:
Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch, Alexandria and Jerusalem
1004:. Both had followers, and both continued to claim the patriarchate. The
336:(died c. 107), counted as the third bishop of the city, was a prominent
2791:
2046:
1398:
1366:
883:
817:
742:
666:
641:
600:
503:, as the Byzantine Church of Antioch became more and more dependent on
345:
314:
242:
160:
1586:
1820:
791:
663:
361:
349:
341:
174:
164:
152:
1382:
2180:
1991:
1824:
682:
The office fell vacant in 1953 and was finally abolished in 1964.
536:
357:
1250:
2414:
1461:
898:
734:
408:
369:
365:
329:
27:
Traditional title held by the bishop of Antioch and all the East
2277:
1590:
772:
communion and uses the Antiochene liturgy. His see is based in
599:, who in turn excommunicated the Pope and removed him from the
313:, and the fourth largest city of the Roman Empire, after Rome,
2768:
Assyrian Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
2618:
1016:
Thus, the succession recognized by each church is as follows:
383:
Despite being overshadowed in ecclesiastical authority by the
30:"Patriarchate of Antioch" redirects here. For other uses, see
2776:
Ancient Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
448:
thought which was rooted in its primitive Church beginnings.
434:
424:
233:. The patriarchal succession was disputed at the time of the
168:
2329:
legacy and branched where multiple denominational claimants:
1421:"Maronite church | Meaning, History, Liturgy, & Facts"
1044:
as Ignatius George's successor in 1783, then recognizes
874:
claimant to the Patriarchate. When the Western European
443:): one human, the other divine. Lastly, compared to the
1510:
Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East
2805:
Catholicos of All Armenians (Patriarch of Etchmiadzin)
640:, as patriarch of Antioch. After Adhemar's death, the
1232:
Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and All the East
1340:
Hamilton, Bernard; Jotischky, Andrew (22 Oct 2020).
828:
Greek Orthodox patriarch of Antioch and All the East
3019:
2974:
2919:
2860:
2786:
2741:
2701:
2694:
2644:
2579:
2496:
2449:
2413:
2393:
2372:
2167:
2100:
1949:
1909:
1888:
1857:
1832:
1802:
1768:
1743:
1720:
1687:
1664:
1639:
1624:
1483:Anthony O'Mahony; Emma Loosley (16 December 2009).
1008:recognizes Ignatius Mathew and his successors; the
969:, who supported re-establishing communion with the
741:, although none are currently based in the city of
555:did accept the terms of Chalcedon, they adhered to
137:
123:
100:
77:
67:
62:
53:
39:
1551:. Vol. 2/3. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1442:
1342:Latin and Greek Monasticism in the Crusader States
1121:as Peter III's successor in 1724, then recognizes
830:on December 17, 2012. John X is the leader of the
309:In Roman times, Antioch was the principal city of
265:patriarch of Antioch, though this became strictly
981:declared Cyril's election invalid, and appointed
655:loyal to him as new patriarch, thus starting the
1144:as Severus's successor in 1783, then recognizes
1138:the succession from the Apostle Peter to Severus
1111:the succession from the Apostle Peter to Severus
1084:the succession from the Apostle Peter to Severus
1061:the succession from the Apostle Peter to Severus
1026:the succession from the Apostle Peter to Severus
834:, and thus is one of the major hierarchs in the
469:(a Chalcedonian) being replaced as Patriarch by
415:, Antiochene theology was greatly influenced by
282:. Their respective Orthodox progenitors are the
1524:Eighteen Centuries of the Orthodox Greek Church
1032:as Severus's successor in 544, then recognizes
1012:recognizes Ignatius Michael and his successors.
1486:Eastern Christianity in the Modern Middle East
1187:List of Melkite Catholic patriarchs of Antioch
802:Maronite patriarch of Antioch and All the East
591:, has often been dated to the 1054 mission of
2289:
1602:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1175:List of Syriac Catholic patriarchs of Antioch
1169:List of Syriac Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch
870:At one point, there was at least nominally a
624:could live in the city. When the army of the
8:
2317:Traditional ecclesiastical jurisdictions of
1181:List of Greek Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch
305:Early centers of Christianity § Antioch
141:34 (founded)451 (granted title of patriarch)
2995:Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarchate of Ethiopia
620:, the newly appointed patriarch by emperor
276:Melkite Greek Catholic patriarch of Antioch
2698:
2634:Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria
2613:Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
2410:
2390:
2296:
2282:
2274:
2232:MalankaraâPersian ecclesiastical relations
1829:
1717:
1636:
1609:
1595:
1587:
481:), which has continued to appoint its own
36:
3009:Eritrean Orthodox Patriarchate of Eritrea
2760:Chaldean Catholic Patriarchate of Baghdad
2601:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria
2471:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
989:recognizes Cyril and his successors; the
886:in 1268, the pope continued to appoint a
261:, the Catholic Church began appointing a
2665:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem
2561:Melkite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch
1449:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1262:Peter, in the Catholic Encyclopedia 1913
993:recognizes Sylvester and his successors.
977:, as patriarch of Antioch. However, the
32:Patriarchate of Antioch (disambiguation)
3083:Dioceses established in the 1st century
2834:Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
2553:Syriac Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch
2520:Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch
2486:Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
2203:Proposals for Assyrian autonomy in Iraq
1243:
514:The internal schisms such as that over
2538:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch
1930:St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India
1193:List of Maronite patriarchs of Antioch
953:, whose succession of patriarchs have
901:. The last holder of this office was
762:Patriarch of Antioch and All the East
750:Christians forming a small minority.
7:
2902:Serbian Orthodox Patriarchate of PeÄ
2478:Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople
1472:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
551:followers of the 4th-century hermit
535:in the 6th century, then the Muslim
288:Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch
280:Syriac Catholic patriarch of Antioch
1367:"William of Tyre and the Maronites"
1199:List of Latin patriarchs of Antioch
1117:down to Peter III, then recognizes
284:Greek Orthodox patriarch of Antioch
151:is a traditional title held by the
2826:Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
2672:Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
167:). As the traditional "overseer" (
25:
2817:Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia
2723:Latin Catholic titular episcopate
2530:Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia
2208:AssyrianâChaldeanâSyriac diaspora
1879:Malabar Independent Syrian Church
1527:. James Parker. pp. 281â282.
1460:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
1146:Ignatius Michael III's successors
930:and replaced by the Chalcedonian
673:in the 13th century. In 1268 the
3045:
2626:Latin Patriarchate of Alexandria
2256:
1873:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church
1867:Jacobite Syrian Christian Church
1578:Antioch, Church of. Full history
1217:Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch
1057:Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch
991:Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch
895:Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore
764:. He is the Supreme Head of the
700:Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch
460:controversies that followed the
197:Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch
2950:Patriarchate of the East Indies
2934:Patriarchate of the West Indies
2680:Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
2325:, sorted according to earliest
1545:; Hainthaler, Theresia (2013).
2942:Latin Patriarchate of Ethiopia
2198:Assyrian independence movement
1848:Syro-Malankara Catholic Church
1344:. Cambridge University Press.
1157:Lists of patriarchs of Antioch
918:All five churches recognize a
241:in 451, when there were rival
1:
2569:Latin Patriarchate of Antioch
1521:Hore, Alexander Hugh (1899).
1279:. Xlibris Corporation, 2010.
1212:Melkite Greek Catholic Church
1163:List of patriarchs of Antioch
1107:Melkite Greek Catholic Church
1046:Ignatius Matthew's successors
987:Melkite Greek Catholic Church
856:Melkite Greek Catholic Church
704:Melkite Greek Catholic Church
657:Latin Patriarchate of Antioch
632:, John was imprisoned by the
380:, whose relics it contained.
1365:Crawford, Robert W. (1955).
973:that had been broken in the
955:continued to the present day
893:, whose actual seat was the
587:. The resulting schism, the
483:Syriac patriarchs of Antioch
376:met at a basilica named for
175:
2215:Terms for Syriac Christians
2032:Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa
1891:Assyrian Church of the East
1789:Assyrian Pentecostal Church
1783:Assyrian Evangelical Church
1753:Assyrian Church of the East
1303:The Orthodox Eastern Church
1142:Ignatius Michael III Jarweh
998:Ignatius Michael III Jarweh
957:. The Byzantines appointed
733:in full communion with the
696:patriarch of Constantinople
679:brutal conquest of the city
385:patriarch of Constantinople
332:to found the Church there.
311:the Roman Province of Syria
237:in 362 and again after the
3109:
1759:Ancient Church of the East
1300:Fortescue, Adrian (1969).
920:single sequence of bishops
891:Latin patriarch of Antioch
832:Antiochian Orthodox Church
435:
425:
387:in the later years of the
302:
169:
29:
3040:
2315:
2245:
1817:(active 1st centuryâ1601)
1489:. Routledge. p. 18.
1150:Ignatius Joseph III Yonan
1115:Paul the Jew's successors
1088:Paul the Jew's successors
1065:Paul the Jew's successors
922:until 518. In that year,
780:Ignatius Joseph III Yonan
94:Eastern Catholic Churches
58:
49:
2890:Patriarchate of Bulgaria
2875:Patriarchate of Aquileia
2072:Dionysius of Vattasseril
1936:Believers Eastern Church
1730:Chaldean Catholic Church
945:army. Byzantine Emperor
677:came to an end with the
616:but it was allowed that
479:Oriental Orthodox Church
477:(which is a part of the
429:), which in turn led to
3052:Christianity portal
3004:(1992â2018; since 2019)
2988:Patriarchate of Romania
2896:Patriarchate of Georgia
2842:Patriarchate of Cilicia
2346:Eastern Orthodox Church
2263:Christianity portal
2017:Mar Sabor and Mar Proth
1924:Mar Thoma Syrian Church
1804:Saint Thomas Christians
1425:Encyclopedia Britannica
1100:Bechara Boutros al-Rahi
880:Principality of Antioch
860:Eastern Catholic Church
836:Eastern Orthodox Church
810:Eastern Catholic Church
788:Eastern Catholic Church
768:, which is part of the
747:history of Christianity
675:Principality of Antioch
647:established himself as
2964:Patriarchate of Lisbon
2957:Patriarchate of Moscow
2909:Patriarchate of Venice
2057:Ignatius Andrew Akijan
2042:Gregorios Abdal Jaleel
1900:Chaldean Syrian Church
1674:Syriac Orthodox Church
1655:Syriac Catholic Church
1227:Syriac Catholic Church
1222:Syriac Orthodox Church
1134:Syriac Catholic Church
1022:Syriac Orthodox Church
1010:Syriac Catholic Church
1006:Syriac Orthodox Church
838:. His see is based in
784:Syrian Catholic Church
766:Syriac Orthodox Church
507:, it began to use the
475:Syriac Orthodox Church
221:Melkite Greek Catholic
205:Syriac Orthodox Church
179:, from which the word
3078:Patriarchs of Antioch
2883:Patriarchate of Grado
2545:Maronite Patriarchate
1574:Catholic Encyclopedia
1469:Catholic Encyclopedia
1273:Jones, David (2010).
1123:Cyril VI's successors
1069:Athanasius III Dabbas
962:Byzantine government.
959:Theophanes of Antioch
686:Melkite split of 1724
395:. In contrast to the
3002:Patriarchate of Kyiv
2188:Assyrian nationalism
2133:Koy Sanjaq Christian
2118:Chaldean Neo-Aramaic
2108:Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
2022:Dionysius bar Salibi
1997:Philoxenus of Mabbug
1850:(West Syriac) (1932)
1844:(East Syriac) (1665)
1034:Sergius's successors
983:Sylvester of Antioch
979:ecumenical patriarch
909:Episcopal succession
798:Bechara Boutros Rahi
739:apostolic succession
628:appeared before the
597:Michael I Cerularius
462:Council of Chalcedon
389:Eastern Roman Empire
239:Council of Chalcedon
185:Pauline Christianity
149:Patriarch of Antioch
18:Bishopric of Antioch
2731:Archbishop of Tunis
2237:Syriac sacral music
2092:Baselios Paulose II
2077:Geevarghese Ivanios
2037:Abraham of Angamaly
1842:Syro-Malabar Church
1618:Syriac Christianity
731:particular churches
645:Bohemond of Taranto
419:and other modes of
334:Ignatius of Antioch
257:as well. After the
253:began appointing a
2747:Seleucia-Ctesiphon
2358:Oriental Orthodoxy
2113:Bohtan Neo-Aramaic
2052:Abraham Koorilos I
1982:Severus of Antioch
1915:Eastern Protestant
1774:Eastern Protestant
1702:"Nestorian Church"
1696:Church of the East
1140:, then recognizes
1050:Ignatius Aphrem II
1040:, then recognizes
1038:Ignatius George IV
1028:, then recognizes
758:Ignatius Aphrem II
722:Current patriarchs
708:Pope Benedict XIII
622:Alexios I Komnenos
452:Chalcedonian split
255:Maronite patriarch
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2181:Assyrian genocide
1957:Ephrem the Syrian
1945:
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1859:Oriental Orthodox
1798:
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1666:Oriental Orthodox
1632:Church of Antioch
1558:978-0-19-921288-0
1543:Grillmeier, Aloys
1496:978-1-135-19371-3
1463:"Melchites"
1445:The First Crusade
1313:978-0-8337-1217-2
1096:John's successors
1094:, then recognize
903:Roberto Vicentini
844:Byzantine liturgy
824:John X of Antioch
770:Oriental Orthodox
653:a Frankish cleric
649:prince of Antioch
638:Adhemar of Le Puy
497:Church of Antioch
378:Julian the Martyr
374:synods of Antioch
201:Oriental Orthodox
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41:Patriarch of
38:
33:
19:
3012:(since 1994)
2998:(since 1959)
2990:(since 1925)
2980:(since 1789)
2967:(since 1716)
2962:
2959:(since 1589)
2953:(since 1572)
2948:
2940:
2937:(since 1524)
2932:
2925:(1517â1789)
2912:(since 1451)
2907:
2904:(since 1346)
2898:(since 1010)
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2821:(since 1058)
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2802:
2779:(since 1968)
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2763:(since 1553)
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2734:(since 1884)
2729:
2721:
2683:(since 1099)
2678:
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2632:
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2567:
2564:(since 1724)
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2556:(since 1668)
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2489:(since 1461)
2476:
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2386:(30â325/476)
2376:Christianity
2365:Nestorianism
2362:
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2335:
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2323:Christianity
2309:Christianity
2160:(Liturgical)
2067:Elias Mellus
2027:Bar Hebraeus
1987:Paul the Jew
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1701:
1694:
1628:, legacy of
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947:Justinian II
932:Paul the Jew
912:
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826:was elected
752:
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589:Great Schism
581:Nicene Creed
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571:Great schism
546:
524:
513:
490:
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441:dyophysitism
399:-influenced
382:
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263:Latin Church
225:
180:
159:(modern-day
148:
146:
101:
78:Denomination
68:First holder
2945:(1555â1663)
2892:(since 919)
2862:Middle Ages
2829:(since 638)
2809:(since 301)
2726:(1518â1964)
2675:(since 638)
2667:(since 451)
2629:(1219â1964)
2572:(1099â1964)
2548:(since 685)
2540:(since 519)
2524:(since 518)
2481:(1204â1964)
2473:(since 330)
2353:light green
2087:Thoma Darmo
1950:Key figures
1889:Nestorian (
1691:, legacy of
1689:East Syriac
1626:West Syriac
1201:, 1098â1964
1136:recognizes
1109:recognizes
1082:recognizes
1059:recognizes
1024:recognizes
852:Joseph Absi
706:. In 1729,
702:and in the
553:Saint Maron
530:Zoroastrian
501:Middle Ages
431:adoptionism
401:Christology
397:Hellenistic
326:Saint Peter
231:Saint Peter
223:Churches).
138:Established
72:Saint Peter
63:Information
3067:Categories
2886:(725â1451)
2878:(568â1751)
2866:(476â1517)
2751:(280â1552)
2585:Alexandria
2342:light blue
2012:John Maron
1911:Protestant
1770:Protestant
1319:2009-05-17
1251:Acts 11:26
1238:References
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939:John Maron
487:Byzantines
467:Flavian II
436:ÎŽÏÎż ÏÏÏΔÎčÏ
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393:Alexandria
319:Alexandria
303:See also:
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2712:2nd cent.
2703:Patriarch
2650:Jerusalem
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2498:Patriarch
2451:Patriarch
2440:1st cent.
2424:1st cent.
2415:Patriarch
2402:apostolic
2395:Pentarchy
2381:Antiquity
2332:bold blue
2327:apostolic
2101:Languages
1967:Nestorius
1808:legacy of
1745:Nestorian
1441:(2005) .
1407:163021809
1391:0038-7134
876:Crusaders
714:with the
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2123:Garshuni
1962:Aphrahat
1371:Speculum
1206:See also
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864:Damascus
840:Damascus
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692:Cyril VI
601:diptychs
577:filioque
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286:and the
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213:Maronite
114:Maronite
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315:Ephesus
294:History
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