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2011 a new "temporary" boathouse was erected to give them cover. The structure cost £70,000 but has been designed so that it can be dismantled once permanent facilities are built and transported to be reused elsewhere. In 2015 the RNLI announced that it would seek planning permission for a permanent lifeboat station at
Knightstone Harbour along with deep-water anchorage at Anchor Head and the facilities on Birnbeck Pier were closed.
40:
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414:, park swings, a theatre of wonders and a licensed bar. In 1891 a telephone was installed only six months after the first one was installed in the town. In 1909, the amusement area was expanded by an extension on iron supports along the south side of the island. However, this was not built to the proper specifications so was demolished in 1912; a larger concrete platform was added in its place in 1932.
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541:'s design included the existing buildings and added a large curvilinear concrete building to the island. The design called for many windows in the building to create a large panorama of the surrounding seascape. The winner of the design competition, Levitate Architecture and Design Studio Ltd, was announced in March 2008. The winning design included a dozen luxury apartments and a 50-room hotel.
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pleasure piers. Fifteen groups of piles support a continuous lattice girder, each set comprising four piles screwed into the river bed at an angle with an X-brace between each adjacent pair. The fitting of screw blades to iron piles, as opposed to the then accepted wooden pile, created a deeper and far more resilient base support. This was one of the innovations brought by
555:
In
September 2011 Wahid Samady and Michael Ross were reported to have bought Birnbeck Pier for an undisclosed sum; Samady had also been awarded planning permission for a new development at the nearby Royal Pier Hotel site, just yards from the pier. In August 2012 further reports suggests the sale had
405:
Many visitors arriving on the steamers never left the pier and
Birnbeck Island which between them housed the cafe, pavilion, amusements and funfair. These were destroyed by fire on 26 December 1897 and replaced by the present buildings, although these have been altered over the years. The attractions
321:
which have enabled many of the piers he designed to survive. There were problems with oscillations in the structure when bands marched on the pier, both on the opening day and again in 1886. As a result, further horizontal cross braces were added to the piles, and a law was passed banning marching on
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A new wooden northern jetty was added in 1872 which allowed the removal of the original western landing place. Another jetty was built on the south west corner in 1898 which reached deep water even at low tide, thus allowing steamers to use the pier at all states of the tide. This was damaged in a
316:
construction. However the low water jetty was damaged in a storm in 1903, rebuilt in 1909 and finally dismantled in 1923 meaning that the pier is now 1,040 feet (317 m) long, Due to architectural features such as abutments at either end of the pier, the pier resembles a bridge more than other
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In 1864, a new proposal was made to build a pier across to the island, funded by 2,000 shares which raised £20,000. Cecil Hugh Smyth Pigott, the four-year-old son of the lord of the manor, laid the foundation stone on 28 October 1864 when a public holiday was declared in the town and a celebratory
663:
The slipway was closed in 2007 due to its poor condition, since when the lifeboats have been launched from the north-east side of the island. The crews continued to use the 1889 boathouse but the two inshore lifeboats were kept on their launch trolleys in the open air on
Birnbeck Island. In April
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During the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries the pier was popular with locals and tourists. As a boarding point for steamers plying their trade in the
Bristol Channel, it underwent various extensions and modifications over the years. During the Second World War the pier was
250:
The origin of the name
Birnbeck is unknown but may take the 'beck' from the Scandinavian word 'bekk', a bench in literary Old Norse. Alternatively Birnbeck could be from the Old Irish 'berna bec', a 'little gap' because of the narrow channel separating the island from Worlebury
292:. Dredge's bridge design was considered "a very significant yet relatively short-lived phase in suspension bridge development". During a strike by stonemasons, what little had been built was damaged during a storm, bringing about the end to the suspension bridge scheme.
588:
on the pier. In
November 2021, it was announced that CNM Estates had agreed to sell the pier to the council. The council bought the pier in July 2023, with the intention of repairing and restoring it, allowing the lifeboat station to relocate back to Birnbeck island.
537:(RIBA) launched a competition in August 2007, inviting people to submit ideas for the regeneration of the pier and island. At the time, the repair work required was estimated at £4 million. There were 95 entries for the competition from around the world. Architect
452:
pleasure centre" which even had special permission to issue its own currency to visitors. There have since been several proposals to make the pier a commercial success again, including converting it into a hotel, casino, residential use, or the centre of a marina.
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beside the pier. This facility was replaced in 1902 when a new boathouse was built on the south-east side of the island. This had a 368 feet (112 m) slipway which enabled the lifeboat to be launched at most states of the tide and was the longest in
England.
654:
were installed on the pier in 1882, enabling a lifeboat to be lowered into the water below, even at low tide. A new, larger lifeboat was stationed here in 1889 and a boathouse was built for it on the north-east side of the island with a 100 feet (30 m)
337:
to Weston-super-Mare from ports on both the
English and Welsh side of the Bristol Channel, a landing jetty was extended on the west side of the island. The Severn Estuary has the second highest tidal range in the world second only to the
571:
and an accidental mine attack, said the damage caused was "highly visible and irreparable" and that the
Andrews "will always be known as the two men who destroyed the history; it was vandalism and theft for greed".
383:
gale in 1903, and although it was rebuilt in 1909, it closed in 1916 and was dismantled in 1923. The northern jetty had also been damaged in the 1903 storm but was replaced by the present steel structure in 1903–4.
358:
When the pier opened on 5 June 1867, again by Cecil Hugh Smyth Pigott, many of the people of Weston-super-Mare were given a holiday and a banquet was held in the Town Hall. The toll to walk on the pier was 1d (an
2896:
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The pier reopened after the war, but the number of visitors and steamer passengers declined. The final excursion visited the pier in 1979. The pier has been closed to the public since 1994 and is on the
460:"White Funnel" fleet. Their operations were suspended during the Second World War, after which the number of passengers decreased with the availability of cheap foreign holidays and the opening of the
264:
Prior to the construction of the pier, Birnbeck Island could be accessed by a natural causeway at low tide. A proposal was made in 1845 to connect Birnbeck Island to the mainland at the western end of
502:, which at the time was severed by a collapsed span. The pier was again badly damaged by storms in 1990 and was closed for safety reasons in 1994. Daily trips during the summer months to and from
390:", was opened in the centre of Weston-super-Mare in 1904. Although it had the capacity to accommodate steamers, it was seldom used due to difficult currents around the structure. An electric
448:
In 1962 the Birnbeck Pier Company sold the pier to P & A Campbell, the steamer operators. After the withdrawal of their ships it was sold to John Critchley, who redeveloped it as a "
671:; in 2011 its two lifeboats were called out 42 times. Historically, the largest number of people rescued at one time was on 22 September 1884 when 40 passengers were taken off the SS
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to 18 months imprisonment for the attempted theft of the clock face from the pier's tower. The judge, noting that the tower and clock had survived the 1897 fire, an attack by the
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not proceeded and that Urban Splash were still the owners. It was bought by CNM Estates of which Wahid Samady is chairman and Michael Ross is a director in 2014. In 2015 the
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and opened in 1867. Birnbeck Pier is one of only six Grade II* piers surviving in the country. The refreshment and waiting rooms of 1898 were designed by local architect
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Architects and engineers were appointed in September 2023. Restoration work is planned to be carried out in phases between 2024 and 2027 and will be funded by the
597:
1954:
350:, giving the water a notably brown colouration. The tidal range means that the legs of the pier are largely exposed at low tide and hidden at high tide.
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c. 45). 120,000 people paid the toll in the first three months. A tramway system was installed to carry the luggage of passengers arriving at the pier.
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Delineations of the north western division of the county of Somerset, and of its antediluvian bone caverns, with a geological sketch of the district
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346:. The estuary's funnel shape, its tidal range, and the underlying geology of rock, gravel and sand, produce strong tidal streams and high
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in the 1960s. Regular ferries ceased serving Birnbeck in 1971 and the final excursion was made 19 October 1979. The pleasure "steamers"
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In September 2010 Urban Splash placed the pier up for sale, citing a downfall in business caused by the recession as their reason.
522:. In 1999, the lifeboat station installed a walkway across the pier to allow them safe access to the island, at a cost of £20,000.
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Part of the north pier collapsed during storms on 30 December 2015. In May 2019, Neil and Ryan Andrews were each sentenced at
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still operate in the Bristol Channel, but any calls at Weston are made by a connecting tender from Knightstone Harbour.
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441:. After the war, the pier resumed its role as a tourist attraction, but business declined due to competition from the
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1958:
498:, to the north of the pier. The damage was quickly repaired, despite fears that Birnbeck might become like nearby
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226:(DMWD) for research into new weapons. Its work included conducting trials on the Barnes Wallis 'bouncing bomb'.
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for the first phase (repairs and alterations to buildings at the landward end) were submitted in April 2024.
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84:
760:
Coates, Richard (2012). "A toponomastic contribution to the linguistic prehistory of the British Isles".
2527:
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1659:
780:"A lithostratigraphical framework for the Carboniferous successions of southern Great Britain (onshore)"
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In 1984, £1 million of damage was caused to the pier by drifting equipment during engineering work in
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The main pier was originally 1,150 feet (351 m) long, and it is 20 feet (6 m) wide with a
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Due to the extreme tidal range in the Bristol Channel, finding a suitable launching site for
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2071:
Birnbeck Pier, Weston-super-Mare, North Somerset: An Historical and Architectural Assessment
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the pier. The gothic toll house and pierhead buildings were designed by local architect
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190:. It is the only pier in the country which links the mainland to an island, linking to
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848:"From brewer to bridge builder: reflections on the life and work of James Dredge"
363:), but this was quickly raised to 2d, which was the maximum fee permitted by the
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401:
Amusements on the pier, circa 1910. The lifeboat station of 1902 is on the left.
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2025:"Weston RNLI volunteers man busiest lifeboat station on south Bristol Channel"
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1744:"Weston-super-Mare's Birnbeck Pier on Top Ten Most Endangered Buildings list"
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and was used for secret weapons development and storage with testing. The "
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and the clocktower and the piermaster's house have been attributed to him.
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and part of it collapsed during storms in 2015. The pier was purchased by
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Weston-super-Mare is the busiest RNLI station on the south side of the
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is launched from the boat house which was in use between 1889 and 1902.
511:
503:
187:
1634:"Goodbye kiss me quick: developers offer new hope for crumbling piers"
261:, giving rise to the geological term "Birnbeck Limestone Formation".
2081:
Extreme Depositional Environments: Mega End Members in Geologic Time
2052:
Brean Down Fort: Its History and the Defences of the Bristol Channel
560:
included the pier on its list of the ten most endangered buildings.
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The most successful steamer company serving the Bristol Channel was
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299:
1137:
CARE Conservation Accreditation Register for Engineers Newsletter
1617:"Exclusive plans for Birnbeck revealed as winner is announced".
171:
2285:
490:
The decking and girders are in poor condition (2023 photograph)
288:
based on using chains rather than cables, as is more common in
713:"Council buys derelict Birnbeck Pier 'for future generations'"
186:, England, approximately 18 miles (29 km) south-west of
1855:"Birnbeck Pier to be renovated by council as owner sells up"
2256:
Photos and account of a visit to the derelict Birnbeck Pier
194:, a 1.2-hectare (3-acre) rocky island just to the west of
2128:
Weston-super-Mare A History & Celebration of the Town
548:
The north landing pier after its partial collapse in 2015
1981:"Temporary shelter for Weston-super-Mare RNLI lifeboats"
238:
in July 2023 with the aim of restoring it and reopening
2897:
Structures on the Heritage at Risk register in Somerset
810:. John Rutter, Longman, Rees, & Co. pp. 50–51.
735:"Fresh plan to save crumbling Victorian pier announced"
2003:"New site found for Weston-super-Mare's RNLI lifeboat"
1770:"Pier and boat store on UK's top 10 at-risk buildings"
1957:. Royal National Lifeboat Institution. Archived from
2224:. Weston-super-Mare: North Somerset Museum Service.
1983:. Royal National Lifeboat Institution. 11 April 2011
1874:
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which got into difficulties after leaving the pier.
394:
ran to and from the pier approach road at Birnbeck.
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1833:"Lifeboat station could move back to Birnbeck Pier"
1815:"Father and son jailed for stealing historic clock"
126:
118:
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103:
95:
90:
80:
72:
57:
49:
1162:
2078:Chan, Marjorie A.; Archer, Allen William (2003).
852:Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers
514:were suspended indefinitely. Due to the decline,
2222:Birnbeck Pier Weston-super-Mare, a short history
2074:Historic England Research Report Series 72/2022.
1267:
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423:Directorate of Miscellaneous Weapons Development
224:Directorate of Miscellaneous Weapons Development
1376:
1374:
2887:Buildings and structures in Weston-super-Mare
2297:
1906:"Plans submitted to restore dilapidated pier"
1792:"Section of Birnbeck Pier collapses into sea"
1447:
1445:
707:
705:
8:
2882:Grade II* listed buildings in North Somerset
2194:The Story of the Weston-super-Mare Lifeboats
1256:
925:
923:
445:which opened its amusement arcades in 1946.
32:
2867:Structures on the Heritage at Risk register
2109:Striding boldly: The story of Clevedon pier
1925:
1923:
1210:"Weston Mercury". 26 March 1904. p. 8.
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2196:. Coventry: Lifeboat Enthusiast's Society.
1660:"Birnbeck Pier up for sale ... again"
1089:
38:
31:
2068:Brodie, Allan and Roethe, Johanna (2022)
1103:"The Severn Estuary a very special place"
1384:. National Piers Society. Archived from
785:. British Geological Survey. p. 104
53:Pleasure Pier with RNLI lifeboat station
1941:
1451:
1436:
1365:
1303:"Experimental weapon rails, Brean Down"
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1004:
959:. National Piers Society. 28 March 2016
892:
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819:
817:
701:
1929:
1569:Cardillo, Antonino (24 October 2007).
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242:which was moved off the pier in 2011.
1880:"Restoration of Birnbeck Pier begins"
1327:
1220:
1171:. 5 June 1867. p. 3 – via
1105:. Avon Wildlife Trust. Archived from
535:Royal Institute of British Architects
170:, also known as the 'Old Pier', is a
7:
2156:Somerset tales of mystery and murder
1307:Somerset Historic Environment Record
1746:. Victorian Society. Archived from
1682:"Delight at sale of neglected pier"
1596:"Pier design winners are announced"
1414:. 21 September 2006. Archived from
1164:"The New Pier at Weston-super-Mare"
1044:Joint Nature Conservation Committee
978:Glancey, Jonathan (11 March 2002).
906:"Birnbeck Pier (Weston-super-Mare)"
648:Royal National Lifeboat Institution
594:Royal National Lifeboat Institution
425:(DMWD). It was commissioned as HMS
2147:Weston-super-Mare Lifeboat Station
1495:"Boyhood joy led to pier purchase"
1471:. Historic England. Archived from
825:"James Dredges Suspension Bridges"
638:Weston-super-Mare Lifeboat Station
309:dinner was held in the town hall.
272:two years later under a design by
25:
1813:Bennett, Geoffrey (29 May 2019).
1724:. Friends of the Old Pier Society
1722:"Friends of the Old Pier Society"
1517:"Pier design competition planned"
1382:"Weston-Super-Mare Birnbeck Pier"
1128:Avent, Jon (Spring–Summer 2011).
1020:. Friends of the Old Pier Society
957:"Weston-Super-Mare Birnbeck Pier"
365:General Pier and Harbour Act 1861
2872:Infrastructure completed in 1867
2841:
2840:
1662:. Weston Echo. 19 September 2010
2251:Friends of the Old Pier Society
2246:The Birnbeck Regeneration Trust
2145:Crockford-Hawley, John (2015).
2126:Crockford-Hawley, John (2004).
2050:van der Bijl, Nicholas (2000).
1632:Booth, Robert (13 March 2008).
1544:"The stately wrecks of England"
846:McQuillan, D. (February 1994).
646:proved an arduous task for the
602:National Heritage Memorial Fund
417:The pier was taken over by the
2902:1867 establishments in England
2158:. Newbury: Countryside Books.
1542:Kennedy, Maev (25 July 2007).
610:National Lottery Heritage Fund
1:
2090:Geological Society of America
2054:. Cossington: Hawk Editions.
1772:. BBC News. 15 September 2015
1497:. BBC News. 14 September 2006
685:Grand Pier, Weston-super-Mare
525:In 2006 the pier was sold to
421:in 1941 as an outpost of the
386:A second pier, known as the "
378:The north jetty built in 1905
2177:. Lingfield: Oakwood Press.
1857:. BBC News. 10 November 2021
1794:. BBC News. 30 December 2015
2313:Piers in the United Kingdom
2187:. Locomotion Papers no. 78.
2111:. Clevedon Pier Trust Ltd.
2005:. BBC News. 22 January 2015
1955:"Weston-super-Mare History"
2923:
2203:A grim almanac of Somerset
2175:Weston-super-Mare Tramways
635:
232:Buildings at Risk Register
2836:
2319:
2261:Heritage at Risk Register
2205:. Stroud: History Press.
1598:. BBC News. 13 March 2008
1469:Heritage at Risk Register
1309:. Somerset County Council
1173:British Newspaper Archive
596:(RNLI), the government's
586:compulsory purchase order
533:. The new owners and the
520:Heritage at Risk Register
37:
27:Pier in Weston-super-Mare
1835:. BBC News. 26 June 2020
1090:Chan & Archer (2003)
1069:"Coast: Bristol Channel"
980:"A blot on the seascape"
715:. BBC News. 13 July 2023
437:on the opposite side of
44:Birnbeck Pier and Island
2220:Terrell, Stan (2001) .
2107:Coombes, Nigel (1995).
2027:. RNLI. 9 February 2012
1018:"Birnbeck Pier History"
858:: 34–42. Archived from
620:Weston Lifeboat Station
392:tram along the seafront
99:1,150 feet (351 m)
2907:Grade II* listed piers
2710:Royal Suspension Chain
2324:National Piers Society
1884:North Somerset Council
633:
582:North Somerset Council
549:
491:
410:, a shooting gallery,
402:
379:
305:
268:. Work commenced on a
236:North Somerset Council
85:North Somerset Council
2192:Morris, Jeff (2000).
2173:Maggs, Colin (1974).
2154:Evans, Roger (2004).
1408:"Birnbeck's saviour?"
1341:"The end of the pier"
804:Rutter, John (1829).
627:
547:
518:has placed it on the
489:
400:
377:
304:The piles and girders
303:
202:pier was designed by
2762:Ryde (Seaview Chain)
2545:St Anne's-on-the-Sea
2375:Brighton Palace Pier
2201:Sly, Nicola (2010).
1575:antoninocardillo.com
614:planning application
458:P & A Campbell's
433:" was tested at the
240:the lifeboat station
214:commissioned as HMS
2892:Geology of Somerset
2490:Saltburn-by-the-Sea
1886:. 18 September 2023
1750:on 15 December 2015
1412:Eastern Daily Press
1283:on 18 February 2010
1257:van der Bijl (2000)
1169:Western Daily Press
565:Bristol Crown Court
276:, architect of the
146: /
34:
2559:Weston-super-Mare
1704:"CNM Estates Team"
1277:The Heritage Trail
1259:, pp. 119–123
937:. English Heritage
741:. 10 November 2021
634:
630:William James Holt
580:In February 2020,
550:
492:
403:
380:
306:
290:suspension bridges
284:. He patented the
150:51.3565°N 2.9945°W
73:Official name
2877:Piers in Somerset
2854:
2853:
2832:
2831:
2231:978-0-901104-10-6
2212:978-0-7524-5814-4
2184:978-0-85361-157-8
2165:978-1-85306-863-8
2137:978-1-904938-54-5
2118:978-0-9525216-0-0
2099:978-0-8137-2370-9
2086:Boulder, Colorado
2061:978-0-9529081-7-3
1571:"Birnbeck Island"
1388:on 2 October 2011
908:. Crosby Heritage
598:levelling-up fund
576:Restoration plans
558:Victorian Society
539:Antonino Cardillo
369:24 & 25 Vict.
270:suspension bridge
254:
180:Weston-super-Mare
165:
164:
119:Opening date
96:Total length
62:Weston-super-Mare
16:(Redirected from
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2777:St Leonards Pier
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1684:. Weston Mercury
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1621:. 13 March 2008.
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1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1523:. 13 August 2007
1513:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1475:on 6 August 2017
1461:
1455:
1449:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1378:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1279:. Archived from
1269:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1235:, pp. 21–23
1230:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1166:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1134:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1099:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1065:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1040:"Severn Estuary"
1036:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1014:
1008:
1007:, pp. 12–13
1002:
996:
995:
993:
991:
975:
969:
968:
966:
964:
953:
947:
946:
944:
942:
927:
918:
917:
915:
913:
902:
896:
890:
884:
878:
872:
871:
869:
867:
862:on 25 April 2012
843:
837:
836:
834:
832:
821:
812:
811:
801:
795:
794:
792:
790:
784:
776:
770:
769:
757:
751:
750:
748:
746:
731:
725:
724:
722:
720:
709:
606:Historic England
516:English Heritage
252:
200:grade II* listed
174:situated on the
161:
160:
158:
157:
156:
155:51.3565; -2.9945
151:
147:
144:
143:
142:
139:
42:
35:
21:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2911:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2850:
2828:
2807:
2786:
2688:
2672:
2661:Channel Islands
2656:
2615:
2599:
2419:Great Yarmouth
2328:
2315:
2310:
2242:
2232:
2219:
2213:
2200:
2191:
2185:
2172:
2166:
2153:
2144:
2138:
2125:
2119:
2106:
2100:
2077:
2062:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2008:
2006:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1986:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1928:
1921:
1911:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1889:
1887:
1878:
1877:
1870:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1797:
1795:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1773:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1753:
1751:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1727:
1725:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1685:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1643:
1641:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1601:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1579:
1577:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1553:
1551:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1526:
1524:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1500:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1478:
1476:
1465:"Birnbeck Pier"
1463:
1462:
1458:
1450:
1443:
1435:
1431:
1421:
1419:
1418:on 4 March 2016
1406:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1380:
1379:
1372:
1364:
1360:
1350:
1348:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1330:, pp. 5–11
1326:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1286:
1284:
1273:"Birnbeck Pier"
1271:
1270:
1263:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1239:
1231:
1227:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1196:
1192:
1184:
1180:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1146:
1144:
1132:
1130:"Birnbeck Pier"
1127:
1126:
1122:
1112:
1110:
1109:on 12 June 2010
1101:
1100:
1096:
1088:
1084:
1074:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1059:
1049:
1047:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1023:
1021:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1003:
999:
989:
987:
977:
976:
972:
962:
960:
955:
954:
950:
940:
938:
931:"Birnbeck Pier"
929:
928:
921:
911:
909:
904:
903:
899:
891:
887:
879:
875:
865:
863:
845:
844:
840:
830:
828:
823:
822:
815:
803:
802:
798:
788:
786:
782:
778:
777:
773:
759:
758:
754:
744:
742:
733:
732:
728:
718:
716:
711:
710:
703:
698:
681:
669:Bristol Channel
640:
622:
578:
484:
435:Brean Down Fort
356:
298:
286:taper principle
278:Victoria Bridge
248:
222:as part of the
192:Birnbeck Island
176:Bristol Channel
154:
152:
148:
145:
140:
137:
135:
133:
132:
91:Characteristics
66:Bristol Channel
45:
28:
23:
22:
18:Birnbeck Island
15:
12:
11:
5:
2920:
2918:
2910:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2859:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2703:
2701:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2600:
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2592:
2587:
2586:
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2572:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2510:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2467:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
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2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2356:
2355:
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2345:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2301:
2294:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2276:Theatres Trust
2269:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2241:
2240:External links
2238:
2237:
2236:
2230:
2217:
2211:
2198:
2189:
2183:
2170:
2164:
2151:
2142:
2136:
2123:
2117:
2104:
2098:
2075:
2066:
2060:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2016:
1994:
1972:
1946:
1942:Terrell (2001)
1934:
1932:, pp. 1–2
1919:
1897:
1868:
1846:
1824:
1805:
1783:
1761:
1735:
1713:
1708:cnmestates.com
1695:
1673:
1651:
1624:
1619:Weston Mercury
1609:
1587:
1561:
1534:
1508:
1486:
1456:
1452:Coombes (1995)
1441:
1437:Terrell (2001)
1429:
1399:
1370:
1366:Terrell (2001)
1358:
1332:
1320:
1294:
1261:
1249:
1245:Terrell (2001)
1237:
1233:Terrell (2001)
1225:
1213:
1202:
1198:Terrell (2001)
1190:
1186:Terrell (2001)
1178:
1154:
1120:
1094:
1082:
1057:
1031:
1009:
1005:Terrell (2001)
997:
970:
948:
919:
897:
893:Terrell (2001)
885:
881:Terrell (2001)
873:
838:
813:
796:
771:
752:
726:
700:
699:
697:
694:
693:
692:
687:
680:
677:
636:Main article:
621:
618:
577:
574:
483:
480:
412:merry-go-round
355:
352:
344:Eastern Canada
319:Eugenius Birch
297:
294:
266:Worlebury Hill
247:
244:
204:Eugenius Birch
196:Worlebury Hill
184:North Somerset
163:
162:
130:
124:
123:
120:
116:
115:
113:Eugenius Birch
110:
106:
105:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
88:
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82:
78:
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74:
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4:
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2:
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2307:
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2300:
2295:
2293:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2277:
2273:
2272:Birnbeck Pier
2270:
2268:
2267:
2266:Birnbeck+Pier
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2233:
2227:
2223:
2218:
2214:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2157:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2133:
2129:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2057:
2053:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1961:on 1 May 2009
1960:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1930:Morris (2000)
1926:
1924:
1920:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1856:
1850:
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1453:
1448:
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1442:
1438:
1433:
1430:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1403:
1400:
1387:
1383:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1321:
1308:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1214:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1179:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1158:
1155:
1142:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1121:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1095:
1092:, p. 151
1091:
1086:
1083:
1070:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1019:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1001:
998:
985:
981:
974:
971:
958:
952:
949:
936:
932:
926:
924:
920:
907:
901:
898:
894:
889:
886:
882:
877:
874:
861:
857:
853:
849:
842:
839:
826:
820:
818:
814:
809:
808:
800:
797:
781:
775:
772:
767:
763:
756:
753:
740:
736:
730:
727:
714:
708:
706:
702:
695:
691:
690:List of piers
688:
686:
683:
682:
678:
676:
674:
670:
665:
661:
658:
653:
649:
645:
639:
631:
626:
619:
617:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
590:
587:
583:
575:
573:
570:
566:
561:
559:
553:
546:
542:
540:
536:
532:
528:
523:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
500:Clevedon Pier
497:
488:
481:
479:
477:
476:
470:
469:
463:
462:Severn Bridge
459:
454:
451:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:bouncing bomb
428:
424:
420:
415:
413:
409:
399:
395:
393:
389:
384:
376:
372:
370:
366:
362:
353:
351:
349:
345:
341:
336:
332:
327:
325:
320:
315:
310:
302:
295:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
260:
255:
245:
243:
241:
237:
233:
227:
225:
221:
217:
211:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
168:Birnbeck Pier
159:
131:
129:
125:
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
102:
98:
94:
89:
86:
83:
79:
76:Birnbeck Pier
75:
71:
67:
63:
60:
56:
52:
48:
41:
36:
33:Birnbeck Pier
30:
19:
2752:New Brighton
2693:Former piers
2562:
2504:Southampton
2478:South Parade
2360:Bognor Regis
2265:
2221:
2202:
2193:
2174:
2155:
2146:
2127:
2108:
2080:
2069:
2051:
2044:Bibliography
2029:. Retrieved
2019:
2007:. Retrieved
1997:
1985:. Retrieved
1975:
1963:. Retrieved
1959:the original
1949:
1944:, p. 13
1937:
1910:. Retrieved
1900:
1888:. Retrieved
1883:
1859:. Retrieved
1849:
1837:. Retrieved
1827:
1818:
1808:
1796:. Retrieved
1786:
1776:16 September
1774:. Retrieved
1764:
1754:16 September
1752:. Retrieved
1748:the original
1738:
1726:. Retrieved
1716:
1707:
1698:
1688:26 September
1686:. Retrieved
1676:
1664:. Retrieved
1654:
1642:. Retrieved
1638:The Guardian
1637:
1627:
1618:
1612:
1600:. Retrieved
1590:
1578:. Retrieved
1574:
1564:
1552:. Retrieved
1548:The Guardian
1547:
1537:
1525:. Retrieved
1511:
1499:. Retrieved
1489:
1477:. Retrieved
1473:the original
1468:
1459:
1454:, p. 39
1439:, p. 31
1432:
1420:. Retrieved
1416:the original
1411:
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1386:the original
1368:, p. 28
1361:
1349:. Retrieved
1344:
1335:
1328:Evans (2004)
1323:
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1306:
1297:
1285:. Retrieved
1281:the original
1276:
1252:
1247:, p. 36
1240:
1228:
1221:Maggs (1974)
1216:
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1200:, p. 19
1193:
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1107:the original
1097:
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1048:. Retrieved
1043:
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1012:
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984:The Guardian
983:
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951:
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860:the original
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717:. Retrieved
673:Welsh Prince
672:
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551:
531:Urban Splash
524:
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385:
381:
357:
340:Bay of Fundy
335:day trippers
328:
311:
307:
296:Construction
274:James Dredge
263:
257:The rock is
256:
249:
228:
215:
212:
191:
167:
166:
29:
2767:Scarborough
2677:Isle of Man
2668:St Julian's
2627:Aberystwyth
2469:Portsmouth
2385:Cleethorpes
2370:Bournemouth
1861:11 November
1819:bristolpost
1798:30 December
1728:16 February
1554:24 December
1392:24 December
1351:24 December
1223:, p. 7
1188:, p. 9
1024:24 December
941:24 December
895:, p. 5
883:, p. 4
831:17 November
482:Dereliction
153: /
128:Coordinates
122:5 June 1867
2861:Categories
2819:Colwyn Bay
2798:Portobello
2782:Withernsea
2736:Morecambe
2568:Grand Pier
2555:Teignmouth
2508:Royal Pier
2449:Lowestoft
2428:Wellington
2410:Felixstowe
2405:Eastbourne
2339:Blackpool
2031:31 January
2009:22 January
1987:2 February
1908:. BBC News
1345:Inside Out
1147:2 February
1113:2 February
1050:3 November
963:5 February
745:6 December
696:References
584:started a
527:Manchester
443:Grand Pier
439:Weston Bay
408:Mutoscopes
388:Grand Pier
324:Hans Price
314:cantilever
208:Hans Price
138:51°21′23″N
2727:Fleetwood
2706:Brighton
2642:Llandudno
2637:Beaumaris
2578:Bandstand
2574:Weymouth
2540:Southwold
2535:Southport
2519:Southend
2513:Town Quay
2453:Claremont
2440:Herne Bay
2423:Britannia
2415:Gravesend
2130:. Frith.
1890:5 October
1527:14 August
1501:7 January
1422:3 January
1075:27 August
990:5 January
935:Pastscape
912:5 January
866:5 January
789:5 January
768:: 49–102.
644:lifeboats
569:Luftwaffe
450:Victorian
419:Admiralty
406:included
361:old penny
354:Operation
348:turbidity
333:to bring
329:To allow
259:limestone
220:Admiralty
141:2°59′40″W
68:, England
2846:Category
2791:Scotland
2772:Shanklin
2745:West End
2604:Scotland
2595:Yarmouth
2590:Worthing
2583:Pleasure
2563:Birnbeck
2500:Skegness
2473:Clarence
2465:Paignton
2435:Hastings
2390:Clevedon
2365:Boscombe
2278:database
1965:27 April
1912:17 April
1666:5 August
1644:14 March
1640:. London
1602:14 March
1550:. London
1521:BBC News
1479:5 August
1287:18 April
986:. London
739:ITV News
679:See also
650:(RNLI).
608:and the
529:company
508:Clevedon
496:Sand Bay
475:Balmoral
468:Waverley
427:Birnbeck
331:steamers
216:Birnbeck
109:Designer
2803:Trinity
2740:Central
2722:Coatham
2700:England
2652:Swansea
2647:Penarth
2550:Swanage
2528:Railway
2495:Sandown
2380:Clacton
2343:Central
2333:England
2274:in the
2149:. RNLI.
1143:: 11–15
827:. SABRE
719:13 July
657:slipway
512:Penarth
504:Cardiff
246:History
218:by the
188:Bristol
104:History
2757:Redcar
2732:Lytham
2684:Ramsey
2632:Bangor
2611:Dunoon
2395:Cromer
2228:
2209:
2181:
2162:
2134:
2115:
2096:
2058:
1839:8 July
1580:8 June
1046:. 2001
762:Nomina
652:Davits
600:, the
510:, and
198:. The
58:Locale
2812:Wales
2620:Wales
2458:South
2445:Hythe
2353:South
2348:North
1347:. BBC
1313:6 May
1133:(PDF)
1071:. BBC
783:(PDF)
251:Hill.
81:Owner
2824:Rhyl
2715:West
2523:Pier
2485:Ryde
2400:Deal
2226:ISBN
2207:ISBN
2179:ISBN
2160:ISBN
2132:ISBN
2113:ISBN
2094:ISBN
2056:ISBN
2033:2013
2011:2015
1989:2013
1967:2012
1914:2024
1892:2023
1863:2021
1841:2020
1800:2015
1778:2015
1756:2015
1730:2016
1690:2011
1668:2017
1646:2008
1604:2008
1582:2024
1556:2012
1529:2007
1503:2007
1481:2017
1424:2013
1394:2012
1353:2012
1315:2008
1289:2010
1149:2013
1115:2013
1077:2007
1052:2016
1026:2012
992:2013
965:2022
943:2012
914:2013
868:2013
833:2011
791:2013
747:2021
721:2023
628:The
612:. A
471:and
282:Bath
172:pier
50:Type
856:102
473:MV
466:PS
342:in
280:in
178:in
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