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2011 a new "temporary" boathouse was erected to give them cover. The structure cost £70,000 but has been designed so that it can be dismantled once permanent facilities are built and transported to be reused elsewhere. In 2015 the RNLI announced that it would seek planning permission for a permanent lifeboat station at
Knightstone Harbour along with deep-water anchorage at Anchor Head and the facilities on Birnbeck Pier were closed.
29:
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403:, park swings, a theatre of wonders and a licensed bar. In 1891 a telephone was installed only six months after the first one was installed in the town. In 1909, the amusement area was expanded by an extension on iron supports along the south side of the island. However, this was not built to the proper specifications so was demolished in 1912; a larger concrete platform was added in its place in 1932.
387:
530:'s design included the existing buildings and added a large curvilinear concrete building to the island. The design called for many windows in the building to create a large panorama of the surrounding seascape. The winner of the design competition, Levitate Architecture and Design Studio Ltd, was announced in March 2008. The winning design included a dozen luxury apartments and a 50-room hotel.
306:
pleasure piers. Fifteen groups of piles support a continuous lattice girder, each set comprising four piles screwed into the river bed at an angle with an X-brace between each adjacent pair. The fitting of screw blades to iron piles, as opposed to the then accepted wooden pile, created a deeper and far more resilient base support. This was one of the innovations brought by
544:
In
September 2011 Wahid Samady and Michael Ross were reported to have bought Birnbeck Pier for an undisclosed sum; Samady had also been awarded planning permission for a new development at the nearby Royal Pier Hotel site, just yards from the pier. In August 2012 further reports suggests the sale had
394:
Many visitors arriving on the steamers never left the pier and
Birnbeck Island which between them housed the cafe, pavilion, amusements and funfair. These were destroyed by fire on 26 December 1897 and replaced by the present buildings, although these have been altered over the years. The attractions
310:
which have enabled many of the piers he designed to survive. There were problems with oscillations in the structure when bands marched on the pier, both on the opening day and again in 1886. As a result, further horizontal cross braces were added to the piles, and a law was passed banning marching on
371:
A new wooden northern jetty was added in 1872 which allowed the removal of the original western landing place. Another jetty was built on the south west corner in 1898 which reached deep water even at low tide, thus allowing steamers to use the pier at all states of the tide. This was damaged in a
305:
construction. However the low water jetty was damaged in a storm in 1903, rebuilt in 1909 and finally dismantled in 1923 meaning that the pier is now 1,040 feet (317 m) long, Due to architectural features such as abutments at either end of the pier, the pier resembles a bridge more than other
297:
In 1864, a new proposal was made to build a pier across to the island, funded by 2,000 shares which raised £20,000. Cecil Hugh Smyth Pigott, the four-year-old son of the lord of the manor, laid the foundation stone on 28 October 1864 when a public holiday was declared in the town and a celebratory
652:
The slipway was closed in 2007 due to its poor condition, since when the lifeboats have been launched from the north-east side of the island. The crews continued to use the 1889 boathouse but the two inshore lifeboats were kept on their launch trolleys in the open air on
Birnbeck Island. In April
202:
During the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries the pier was popular with locals and tourists. As a boarding point for steamers plying their trade in the
Bristol Channel, it underwent various extensions and modifications over the years. During the Second World War the pier was
239:
The origin of the name
Birnbeck is unknown but may take the 'beck' from the Scandinavian word 'bekk', a bench in literary Old Norse. Alternatively Birnbeck could be from the Old Irish 'berna bec', a 'little gap' because of the narrow channel separating the island from Worlebury
281:. Dredge's bridge design was considered "a very significant yet relatively short-lived phase in suspension bridge development". During a strike by stonemasons, what little had been built was damaged during a storm, bringing about the end to the suspension bridge scheme.
577:
on the pier. In
November 2021, it was announced that CNM Estates had agreed to sell the pier to the council. The council bought the pier in July 2023, with the intention of repairing and restoring it, allowing the lifeboat station to relocate back to Birnbeck island.
526:(RIBA) launched a competition in August 2007, inviting people to submit ideas for the regeneration of the pier and island. At the time, the repair work required was estimated at £4 million. There were 95 entries for the competition from around the world. Architect
441:
pleasure centre" which even had special permission to issue its own currency to visitors. There have since been several proposals to make the pier a commercial success again, including converting it into a hotel, casino, residential use, or the centre of a marina.
648:
beside the pier. This facility was replaced in 1902 when a new boathouse was built on the south-east side of the island. This had a 368 feet (112 m) slipway which enabled the lifeboat to be launched at most states of the tide and was the longest in
England.
643:
were installed on the pier in 1882, enabling a lifeboat to be lowered into the water below, even at low tide. A new, larger lifeboat was stationed here in 1889 and a boathouse was built for it on the north-east side of the island with a 100 feet (30 m)
326:
to Weston-super-Mare from ports on both the
English and Welsh side of the Bristol Channel, a landing jetty was extended on the west side of the island. The Severn Estuary has the second highest tidal range in the world second only to the
560:
and an accidental mine attack, said the damage caused was "highly visible and irreparable" and that the
Andrews "will always be known as the two men who destroyed the history; it was vandalism and theft for greed".
372:
gale in 1903, and although it was rebuilt in 1909, it closed in 1916 and was dismantled in 1923. The northern jetty had also been damaged in the 1903 storm but was replaced by the present steel structure in 1903–4.
347:
When the pier opened on 5 June 1867, again by Cecil Hugh Smyth Pigott, many of the people of Weston-super-Mare were given a holiday and a banquet was held in the Town Hall. The toll to walk on the pier was 1d (an
2885:
218:
The pier reopened after the war, but the number of visitors and steamer passengers declined. The final excursion visited the pier in 1979. The pier has been closed to the public since 1994 and is on the
449:"White Funnel" fleet. Their operations were suspended during the Second World War, after which the number of passengers decreased with the availability of cheap foreign holidays and the opening of the
253:
Prior to the construction of the pier, Birnbeck Island could be accessed by a natural causeway at low tide. A proposal was made in 1845 to connect Birnbeck Island to the mainland at the western end of
491:, which at the time was severed by a collapsed span. The pier was again badly damaged by storms in 1990 and was closed for safety reasons in 1994. Daily trips during the summer months to and from
379:", was opened in the centre of Weston-super-Mare in 1904. Although it had the capacity to accommodate steamers, it was seldom used due to difficult currents around the structure. An electric
437:
In 1962 the Birnbeck Pier Company sold the pier to P & A Campbell, the steamer operators. After the withdrawal of their ships it was sold to John Critchley, who redeveloped it as a "
660:; in 2011 its two lifeboats were called out 42 times. Historically, the largest number of people rescued at one time was on 22 September 1884 when 40 passengers were taken off the SS
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1732:
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to 18 months imprisonment for the attempted theft of the clock face from the pier's tower. The judge, noting that the tower and clock had survived the 1897 fire, an attack by the
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not proceeded and that Urban Splash were still the owners. It was bought by CNM Estates of which Wahid Samady is chairman and Michael Ross is a director in 2014. In 2015 the
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and opened in 1867. Birnbeck Pier is one of only six Grade II* piers surviving in the country. The refreshment and waiting rooms of 1898 were designed by local architect
411:
212:
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Architects and engineers were appointed in September 2023. Restoration work is planned to be carried out in phases between 2024 and 2027 and will be funded by the
586:
1943:
339:, giving the water a notably brown colouration. The tidal range means that the legs of the pier are largely exposed at low tide and hidden at high tide.
360:
c. 45). 120,000 people paid the toll in the first three months. A tramway system was installed to carry the luggage of passengers arriving at the pier.
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2013:
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796:
Delineations of the north western division of the county of Somerset, and of its antediluvian bone caverns, with a geological sketch of the district
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335:. The estuary's funnel shape, its tidal range, and the underlying geology of rock, gravel and sand, produce strong tidal streams and high
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in the 1960s. Regular ferries ceased serving Birnbeck in 1971 and the final excursion was made 19 October 1979. The pleasure "steamers"
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In September 2010 Urban Splash placed the pier up for sale, citing a downfall in business caused by the recession as their reason.
511:. In 1999, the lifeboat station installed a walkway across the pier to allow them safe access to the island, at a cost of £20,000.
349:
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Part of the north pier collapsed during storms on 30 December 2015. In May 2019, Neil and Ryan Andrews were each sentenced at
598:
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still operate in the Bristol Channel, but any calls at Weston are made by a connecting tender from Knightstone Harbour.
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430:. After the war, the pier resumed its role as a tourist attraction, but business declined due to competition from the
2068:
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1947:
487:, to the north of the pier. The damage was quickly repaired, despite fears that Birnbeck might become like nearby
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220:
215:(DMWD) for research into new weapons. Its work included conducting trials on the Barnes Wallis 'bouncing bomb'.
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for the first phase (repairs and alterations to buildings at the landward end) were submitted in April 2024.
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894:
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224:
73:
749:
Coates, Richard (2012). "A toponomastic contribution to the linguistic prehistory of the British Isles".
2516:
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2341:
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1648:
769:"A lithostratigraphical framework for the Carboniferous successions of southern Great Britain (onshore)"
266:
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In 1984, £1 million of damage was caused to the pier by drifting equipment during engineering work in
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The main pier was originally 1,150 feet (351 m) long, and it is 20 feet (6 m) wide with a
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Due to the extreme tidal range in the Bristol Channel, finding a suitable launching site for
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2060:
Birnbeck Pier, Weston-super-Mare, North Somerset: An Historical and Architectural Assessment
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the pier. The gothic toll house and pierhead buildings were designed by local architect
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179:. It is the only pier in the country which links the mainland to an island, linking to
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837:"From brewer to bridge builder: reflections on the life and work of James Dredge"
352:), but this was quickly raised to 2d, which was the maximum fee permitted by the
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Amusements on the pier, circa 1910. The lifeboat station of 1902 is on the left.
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2014:"Weston RNLI volunteers man busiest lifeboat station on south Bristol Channel"
1006:
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427:
312:
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1733:"Weston-super-Mare's Birnbeck Pier on Top Ten Most Endangered Buildings list"
138:
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and was used for secret weapons development and storage with testing. The "
199:
and the clocktower and the piermaster's house have been attributed to him.
223:
and part of it collapsed during storms in 2015. The pier was purchased by
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484:
400:
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Weston-super-Mare is the busiest RNLI station on the south side of the
645:
621:
is launched from the boat house which was in use between 1889 and 1902.
500:
492:
176:
1623:"Goodbye kiss me quick: developers offer new hope for crumbling piers"
250:, giving rise to the geological term "Birnbeck Limestone Formation".
2070:
Extreme Depositional Environments: Mega End Members in Geologic Time
2041:
Brean Down Fort: Its History and the Defences of the Bristol Channel
549:
included the pier on its list of the ten most endangered buildings.
445:
The most successful steamer company serving the Bristol Channel was
2239:
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640:
612:
532:
474:
385:
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288:
1126:
CARE Conservation Accreditation Register for Engineers Newsletter
1606:"Exclusive plans for Birnbeck revealed as winner is announced".
160:
2274:
479:
The decking and girders are in poor condition (2023 photograph)
277:
based on using chains rather than cables, as is more common in
702:"Council buys derelict Birnbeck Pier 'for future generations'"
175:, England, approximately 18 miles (29 km) south-west of
1844:"Birnbeck Pier to be renovated by council as owner sells up"
2245:
Photos and account of a visit to the derelict Birnbeck Pier
183:, a 1.2-hectare (3-acre) rocky island just to the west of
2117:
Weston-super-Mare A History & Celebration of the Town
537:
The north landing pier after its partial collapse in 2015
1970:"Temporary shelter for Weston-super-Mare RNLI lifeboats"
227:
in July 2023 with the aim of restoring it and reopening
2886:
Structures on the Heritage at Risk register in Somerset
799:. John Rutter, Longman, Rees, & Co. pp. 50–51.
724:"Fresh plan to save crumbling Victorian pier announced"
1992:"New site found for Weston-super-Mare's RNLI lifeboat"
1759:"Pier and boat store on UK's top 10 at-risk buildings"
1946:. Royal National Lifeboat Institution. Archived from
2213:. Weston-super-Mare: North Somerset Museum Service.
1972:. Royal National Lifeboat Institution. 11 April 2011
1863:
1861:
664:
which got into difficulties after leaving the pier.
383:
ran to and from the pier approach road at Birnbeck.
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1822:"Lifeboat station could move back to Birnbeck Pier"
1804:"Father and son jailed for stealing historic clock"
115:
107:
97:
92:
84:
79:
69:
61:
46:
38:
1151:
2067:Chan, Marjorie A.; Archer, Allen William (2003).
841:Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers
503:were suspended indefinitely. Due to the decline,
2211:Birnbeck Pier Weston-super-Mare, a short history
2063:Historic England Research Report Series 72/2022.
1256:
1254:
412:Directorate of Miscellaneous Weapons Development
213:Directorate of Miscellaneous Weapons Development
1365:
1363:
2876:Buildings and structures in Weston-super-Mare
2286:
1895:"Plans submitted to restore dilapidated pier"
1781:"Section of Birnbeck Pier collapses into sea"
1436:
1434:
696:
694:
8:
2871:Grade II* listed buildings in North Somerset
2183:The Story of the Weston-super-Mare Lifeboats
1245:
914:
912:
434:which opened its amusement arcades in 1946.
21:
2856:Structures on the Heritage at Risk register
2098:Striding boldly: The story of Clevedon pier
1914:
1912:
1199:"Weston Mercury". 26 March 1904. p. 8.
2685:
2293:
2279:
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2185:. Coventry: Lifeboat Enthusiast's Society.
1649:"Birnbeck Pier up for sale ... again"
1078:
27:
20:
2057:Brodie, Allan and Roethe, Johanna (2022)
1092:"The Severn Estuary a very special place"
1373:. National Piers Society. Archived from
774:. British Geological Survey. p. 104
42:Pleasure Pier with RNLI lifeboat station
1930:
1440:
1425:
1354:
1292:"Experimental weapon rails, Brean Down"
1233:
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1186:
1174:
993:
948:. National Piers Society. 28 March 2016
881:
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808:
806:
690:
1918:
1558:Cardillo, Antonino (24 October 2007).
1052:
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231:which was moved off the pier in 2011.
1869:"Restoration of Birnbeck Pier begins"
1316:
1209:
1160:. 5 June 1867. p. 3 – via
1094:. Avon Wildlife Trust. Archived from
524:Royal Institute of British Architects
159:, also known as the 'Old Pier', is a
7:
2145:Somerset tales of mystery and murder
1296:Somerset Historic Environment Record
1735:. Victorian Society. Archived from
1671:"Delight at sale of neglected pier"
1585:"Pier design winners are announced"
1403:. 21 September 2006. Archived from
1153:"The New Pier at Weston-super-Mare"
1033:Joint Nature Conservation Committee
967:Glancey, Jonathan (11 March 2002).
895:"Birnbeck Pier (Weston-super-Mare)"
637:Royal National Lifeboat Institution
583:Royal National Lifeboat Institution
414:(DMWD). It was commissioned as HMS
2136:Weston-super-Mare Lifeboat Station
1484:"Boyhood joy led to pier purchase"
1460:. Historic England. Archived from
814:"James Dredges Suspension Bridges"
627:Weston-super-Mare Lifeboat Station
298:dinner was held in the town hall.
261:two years later under a design by
14:
1802:Bennett, Geoffrey (29 May 2019).
1713:. Friends of the Old Pier Society
1711:"Friends of the Old Pier Society"
1506:"Pier design competition planned"
1371:"Weston-Super-Mare Birnbeck Pier"
1117:Avent, Jon (Spring–Summer 2011).
1009:. Friends of the Old Pier Society
946:"Weston-Super-Mare Birnbeck Pier"
354:General Pier and Harbour Act 1861
2861:Infrastructure completed in 1867
2830:
2829:
1651:. Weston Echo. 19 September 2010
2240:Friends of the Old Pier Society
2235:The Birnbeck Regeneration Trust
2134:Crockford-Hawley, John (2015).
2115:Crockford-Hawley, John (2004).
2039:van der Bijl, Nicholas (2000).
1621:Booth, Robert (13 March 2008).
1533:"The stately wrecks of England"
835:McQuillan, D. (February 1994).
635:proved an arduous task for the
591:National Heritage Memorial Fund
406:The pier was taken over by the
2891:1867 establishments in England
2147:. Newbury: Countryside Books.
1531:Kennedy, Maev (25 July 2007).
599:National Lottery Heritage Fund
1:
2079:Geological Society of America
2043:. Cossington: Hawk Editions.
1761:. BBC News. 15 September 2015
1486:. BBC News. 14 September 2006
674:Grand Pier, Weston-super-Mare
514:In 2006 the pier was sold to
410:in 1941 as an outpost of the
375:A second pier, known as the "
367:The north jetty built in 1905
2166:. Lingfield: Oakwood Press.
1846:. BBC News. 10 November 2021
1783:. BBC News. 30 December 2015
2302:Piers in the United Kingdom
2176:. Locomotion Papers no. 78.
2100:. Clevedon Pier Trust Ltd.
1994:. BBC News. 22 January 2015
1944:"Weston-super-Mare History"
2912:
2192:A grim almanac of Somerset
2164:Weston-super-Mare Tramways
624:
221:Buildings at Risk Register
2825:
2308:
2250:Heritage at Risk Register
2194:. Stroud: History Press.
1587:. BBC News. 13 March 2008
1458:Heritage at Risk Register
1298:. Somerset County Council
1162:British Newspaper Archive
585:(RNLI), the government's
575:compulsory purchase order
522:. The new owners and the
509:Heritage at Risk Register
26:
16:Pier in Weston-super-Mare
1824:. BBC News. 26 June 2020
1079:Chan & Archer (2003)
1058:"Coast: Bristol Channel"
969:"A blot on the seascape"
704:. BBC News. 13 July 2023
426:on the opposite side of
33:Birnbeck Pier and Island
2209:Terrell, Stan (2001) .
2096:Coombes, Nigel (1995).
2016:. RNLI. 9 February 2012
1007:"Birnbeck Pier History"
847:: 34–42. Archived from
609:Weston Lifeboat Station
381:tram along the seafront
88:1,150 feet (351 m)
2896:Grade II* listed piers
2699:Royal Suspension Chain
2313:National Piers Society
1873:North Somerset Council
622:
571:North Somerset Council
538:
480:
399:, a shooting gallery,
391:
368:
294:
257:. Work commenced on a
225:North Somerset Council
74:North Somerset Council
2181:Morris, Jeff (2000).
2162:Maggs, Colin (1974).
2143:Evans, Roger (2004).
1397:"Birnbeck's saviour?"
1330:"The end of the pier"
793:Rutter, John (1829).
616:
536:
507:has placed it on the
478:
389:
366:
293:The piles and girders
292:
191:pier was designed by
2751:Ryde (Seaview Chain)
2534:St Anne's-on-the-Sea
2364:Brighton Palace Pier
2190:Sly, Nicola (2010).
1564:antoninocardillo.com
603:planning application
447:P & A Campbell's
422:" was tested at the
229:the lifeboat station
203:commissioned as HMS
2881:Geology of Somerset
2479:Saltburn-by-the-Sea
1875:. 18 September 2023
1739:on 15 December 2015
1401:Eastern Daily Press
1272:on 18 February 2010
1246:van der Bijl (2000)
1158:Western Daily Press
554:Bristol Crown Court
265:, architect of the
135: /
23:
2548:Weston-super-Mare
1693:"CNM Estates Team"
1266:The Heritage Trail
1248:, pp. 119–123
926:. English Heritage
730:. 10 November 2021
623:
619:William James Holt
569:In February 2020,
539:
481:
392:
369:
295:
279:suspension bridges
273:. He patented the
139:51.3565°N 2.9945°W
62:Official name
2866:Piers in Somerset
2843:
2842:
2821:
2820:
2220:978-0-901104-10-6
2201:978-0-7524-5814-4
2173:978-0-85361-157-8
2154:978-1-85306-863-8
2126:978-1-904938-54-5
2107:978-0-9525216-0-0
2088:978-0-8137-2370-9
2075:Boulder, Colorado
2050:978-0-9529081-7-3
1560:"Birnbeck Island"
1377:on 2 October 2011
897:. Crosby Heritage
587:levelling-up fund
565:Restoration plans
547:Victorian Society
528:Antonino Cardillo
358:24 & 25 Vict.
259:suspension bridge
243:
169:Weston-super-Mare
154:
153:
108:Opening date
85:Total length
51:Weston-super-Mare
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2766:St Leonards Pier
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1673:. Weston Mercury
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1610:. 13 March 2008.
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1544:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1512:. 13 August 2007
1502:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1464:on 6 August 2017
1450:
1444:
1438:
1429:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1367:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1268:. Archived from
1258:
1249:
1243:
1237:
1231:
1225:
1224:, pp. 21–23
1219:
1213:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1155:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1123:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1054:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1029:"Severn Estuary"
1025:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1003:
997:
996:, pp. 12–13
991:
985:
984:
982:
980:
964:
958:
957:
955:
953:
942:
936:
935:
933:
931:
916:
907:
906:
904:
902:
891:
885:
879:
873:
867:
861:
860:
858:
856:
851:on 25 April 2012
832:
826:
825:
823:
821:
810:
801:
800:
790:
784:
783:
781:
779:
773:
765:
759:
758:
746:
740:
739:
737:
735:
720:
714:
713:
711:
709:
698:
595:Historic England
505:English Heritage
241:
189:grade II* listed
163:situated on the
150:
149:
147:
146:
145:
144:51.3565; -2.9945
140:
136:
133:
132:
131:
128:
31:
24:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2817:
2796:
2775:
2677:
2661:
2650:Channel Islands
2645:
2604:
2588:
2408:Great Yarmouth
2317:
2304:
2299:
2231:
2221:
2208:
2202:
2189:
2180:
2174:
2161:
2155:
2142:
2133:
2127:
2114:
2108:
2095:
2089:
2066:
2051:
2038:
2035:
2030:
2029:
2019:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2007:
1997:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1975:
1973:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1929:
1925:
1917:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1878:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1859:
1849:
1847:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1827:
1825:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1786:
1784:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1764:
1762:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1742:
1740:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1716:
1714:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1676:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1652:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1632:
1630:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1590:
1588:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1542:
1540:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1467:
1465:
1454:"Birnbeck Pier"
1452:
1451:
1447:
1439:
1432:
1424:
1420:
1410:
1408:
1407:on 4 March 2016
1395:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1353:
1349:
1339:
1337:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1319:, pp. 5–11
1315:
1311:
1301:
1299:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1273:
1262:"Birnbeck Pier"
1260:
1259:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1232:
1228:
1220:
1216:
1208:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1185:
1181:
1173:
1169:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1135:
1133:
1121:
1119:"Birnbeck Pier"
1116:
1115:
1111:
1101:
1099:
1098:on 12 June 2010
1090:
1089:
1085:
1077:
1073:
1063:
1061:
1056:
1055:
1048:
1038:
1036:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1012:
1010:
1005:
1004:
1000:
992:
988:
978:
976:
966:
965:
961:
951:
949:
944:
943:
939:
929:
927:
920:"Birnbeck Pier"
918:
917:
910:
900:
898:
893:
892:
888:
880:
876:
868:
864:
854:
852:
834:
833:
829:
819:
817:
812:
811:
804:
792:
791:
787:
777:
775:
771:
767:
766:
762:
748:
747:
743:
733:
731:
722:
721:
717:
707:
705:
700:
699:
692:
687:
670:
658:Bristol Channel
629:
611:
567:
473:
424:Brean Down Fort
345:
287:
275:taper principle
267:Victoria Bridge
237:
211:as part of the
181:Birnbeck Island
165:Bristol Channel
143:
141:
137:
134:
129:
126:
124:
122:
121:
80:Characteristics
55:Bristol Channel
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2909:
2907:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2848:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2789:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2692:
2690:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2653:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2554:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2456:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2265:Theatres Trust
2258:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2230:
2229:External links
2227:
2226:
2225:
2219:
2206:
2200:
2187:
2178:
2172:
2159:
2153:
2140:
2131:
2125:
2112:
2106:
2093:
2087:
2064:
2055:
2049:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2005:
1983:
1961:
1935:
1931:Terrell (2001)
1923:
1921:, pp. 1–2
1908:
1886:
1857:
1835:
1813:
1794:
1772:
1750:
1724:
1702:
1697:cnmestates.com
1684:
1662:
1640:
1613:
1608:Weston Mercury
1598:
1576:
1550:
1523:
1497:
1475:
1445:
1441:Coombes (1995)
1430:
1426:Terrell (2001)
1418:
1388:
1359:
1355:Terrell (2001)
1347:
1321:
1309:
1283:
1250:
1238:
1234:Terrell (2001)
1226:
1222:Terrell (2001)
1214:
1202:
1191:
1187:Terrell (2001)
1179:
1175:Terrell (2001)
1167:
1143:
1109:
1083:
1071:
1046:
1020:
998:
994:Terrell (2001)
986:
959:
937:
908:
886:
882:Terrell (2001)
874:
870:Terrell (2001)
862:
827:
802:
785:
760:
741:
715:
689:
688:
686:
683:
682:
681:
676:
669:
666:
625:Main article:
610:
607:
566:
563:
472:
469:
401:merry-go-round
344:
341:
333:Eastern Canada
308:Eugenius Birch
286:
283:
255:Worlebury Hill
236:
233:
193:Eugenius Birch
185:Worlebury Hill
173:North Somerset
152:
151:
119:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
102:Eugenius Birch
99:
95:
94:
90:
89:
86:
82:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
48:
44:
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40:
36:
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32:
15:
13:
10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
2908:
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2555:
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2545:
2542:
2540:
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2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
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2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
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2472:
2468:
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2457:
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2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
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2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
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2350:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2284:
2282:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2266:
2262:
2261:Birnbeck Pier
2259:
2257:
2256:
2255:Birnbeck+Pier
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2118:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2099:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2015:
2009:
2006:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1950:on 1 May 2009
1949:
1945:
1939:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1919:Morris (2000)
1915:
1913:
1909:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1874:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1823:
1817:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1798:
1795:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1760:
1754:
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1738:
1734:
1728:
1725:
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1706:
1703:
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1644:
1641:
1628:
1624:
1617:
1614:
1609:
1602:
1599:
1586:
1580:
1577:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1551:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1524:
1511:
1507:
1501:
1498:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1422:
1419:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1348:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1310:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1284:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1206:
1203:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1144:
1131:
1127:
1120:
1113:
1110:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1081:, p. 151
1080:
1075:
1072:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1021:
1008:
1002:
999:
995:
990:
987:
974:
970:
963:
960:
947:
941:
938:
925:
921:
915:
913:
909:
896:
890:
887:
883:
878:
875:
871:
866:
863:
850:
846:
842:
838:
831:
828:
815:
809:
807:
803:
798:
797:
789:
786:
770:
764:
761:
756:
752:
745:
742:
729:
725:
719:
716:
703:
697:
695:
691:
684:
680:
679:List of piers
677:
675:
672:
671:
667:
665:
663:
659:
654:
650:
647:
642:
638:
634:
628:
620:
615:
608:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
576:
572:
564:
562:
559:
555:
550:
548:
542:
535:
531:
529:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
489:Clevedon Pier
486:
477:
470:
468:
466:
465:
459:
458:
452:
451:Severn Bridge
448:
443:
440:
435:
433:
429:
425:
421:
420:bouncing bomb
417:
413:
409:
404:
402:
398:
388:
384:
382:
378:
373:
365:
361:
359:
355:
351:
342:
340:
338:
334:
330:
325:
321:
316:
314:
309:
304:
299:
291:
284:
282:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
249:
244:
234:
232:
230:
226:
222:
216:
214:
210:
206:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
157:Birnbeck Pier
148:
120:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
91:
87:
83:
78:
75:
72:
68:
65:Birnbeck Pier
64:
60:
56:
52:
49:
45:
41:
37:
30:
25:
22:Birnbeck Pier
19:
2741:New Brighton
2682:Former piers
2551:
2493:Southampton
2467:South Parade
2349:Bognor Regis
2254:
2210:
2191:
2182:
2163:
2144:
2135:
2116:
2097:
2069:
2058:
2040:
2033:Bibliography
2018:. Retrieved
2008:
1996:. Retrieved
1986:
1974:. Retrieved
1964:
1952:. Retrieved
1948:the original
1938:
1933:, p. 13
1926:
1899:. Retrieved
1889:
1877:. Retrieved
1872:
1848:. Retrieved
1838:
1826:. Retrieved
1816:
1807:
1797:
1785:. Retrieved
1775:
1765:16 September
1763:. Retrieved
1753:
1743:16 September
1741:. Retrieved
1737:the original
1727:
1715:. Retrieved
1705:
1696:
1687:
1677:26 September
1675:. Retrieved
1665:
1653:. Retrieved
1643:
1631:. Retrieved
1627:The Guardian
1626:
1616:
1607:
1601:
1589:. Retrieved
1579:
1567:. Retrieved
1563:
1553:
1541:. Retrieved
1537:The Guardian
1536:
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1500:
1488:. Retrieved
1478:
1466:. Retrieved
1462:the original
1457:
1448:
1443:, p. 39
1428:, p. 31
1421:
1409:. Retrieved
1405:the original
1400:
1391:
1379:. Retrieved
1375:the original
1357:, p. 28
1350:
1338:. Retrieved
1333:
1324:
1317:Evans (2004)
1312:
1300:. Retrieved
1295:
1286:
1274:. Retrieved
1270:the original
1265:
1241:
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1229:
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1210:Maggs (1974)
1205:
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1189:, p. 19
1182:
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1146:
1134:. Retrieved
1129:
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1100:. Retrieved
1096:the original
1086:
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1037:. Retrieved
1032:
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1001:
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977:. Retrieved
973:The Guardian
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940:
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849:the original
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662:Welsh Prince
661:
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520:Urban Splash
513:
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346:
329:Bay of Fundy
324:day trippers
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285:Construction
263:James Dredge
252:
246:The rock is
245:
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2756:Scarborough
2666:Isle of Man
2657:St Julian's
2616:Aberystwyth
2458:Portsmouth
2374:Cleethorpes
2359:Bournemouth
1850:11 November
1808:bristolpost
1787:30 December
1717:16 February
1543:24 December
1381:24 December
1340:24 December
1212:, p. 7
1177:, p. 9
1013:24 December
930:24 December
884:, p. 5
872:, p. 4
820:17 November
471:Dereliction
142: /
117:Coordinates
111:5 June 1867
2850:Categories
2808:Colwyn Bay
2787:Portobello
2771:Withernsea
2725:Morecambe
2557:Grand Pier
2544:Teignmouth
2497:Royal Pier
2438:Lowestoft
2417:Wellington
2399:Felixstowe
2394:Eastbourne
2328:Blackpool
2020:31 January
1998:22 January
1976:2 February
1897:. BBC News
1334:Inside Out
1136:2 February
1102:2 February
1039:3 November
952:5 February
734:6 December
685:References
573:started a
516:Manchester
432:Grand Pier
428:Weston Bay
397:Mutoscopes
377:Grand Pier
313:Hans Price
303:cantilever
197:Hans Price
127:51°21′23″N
2716:Fleetwood
2695:Brighton
2631:Llandudno
2626:Beaumaris
2567:Bandstand
2563:Weymouth
2529:Southwold
2524:Southport
2508:Southend
2502:Town Quay
2442:Claremont
2429:Herne Bay
2412:Britannia
2404:Gravesend
2119:. Frith.
1879:5 October
1516:14 August
1490:7 January
1411:3 January
1064:27 August
979:5 January
924:Pastscape
901:5 January
855:5 January
778:5 January
757:: 49–102.
633:lifeboats
558:Luftwaffe
439:Victorian
408:Admiralty
395:included
350:old penny
343:Operation
337:turbidity
322:to bring
318:To allow
248:limestone
209:Admiralty
130:2°59′40″W
57:, England
2835:Category
2780:Scotland
2761:Shanklin
2734:West End
2593:Scotland
2584:Yarmouth
2579:Worthing
2572:Pleasure
2552:Birnbeck
2489:Skegness
2462:Clarence
2454:Paignton
2424:Hastings
2379:Clevedon
2354:Boscombe
2267:database
1954:27 April
1901:17 April
1655:5 August
1633:14 March
1629:. London
1591:14 March
1539:. London
1510:BBC News
1468:5 August
1276:18 April
975:. London
728:ITV News
668:See also
639:(RNLI).
597:and the
518:company
497:Clevedon
485:Sand Bay
464:Balmoral
457:Waverley
416:Birnbeck
320:steamers
205:Birnbeck
98:Designer
2792:Trinity
2729:Central
2711:Coatham
2689:England
2641:Swansea
2636:Penarth
2539:Swanage
2517:Railway
2484:Sandown
2369:Clacton
2332:Central
2322:England
2263:in the
2138:. RNLI.
1132:: 11–15
816:. SABRE
708:13 July
646:slipway
501:Penarth
493:Cardiff
235:History
207:by the
177:Bristol
93:History
2746:Redcar
2721:Lytham
2673:Ramsey
2621:Bangor
2600:Dunoon
2384:Cromer
2217:
2198:
2170:
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2104:
2085:
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1828:8 July
1569:8 June
1035:. 2001
751:Nomina
641:Davits
589:, the
499:, and
187:. The
47:Locale
2801:Wales
2609:Wales
2447:South
2434:Hythe
2342:South
2337:North
1336:. BBC
1302:6 May
1122:(PDF)
1060:. BBC
772:(PDF)
240:Hill.
70:Owner
2813:Rhyl
2704:West
2512:Pier
2474:Ryde
2389:Deal
2215:ISBN
2196:ISBN
2168:ISBN
2149:ISBN
2121:ISBN
2102:ISBN
2083:ISBN
2045:ISBN
2022:2013
2000:2015
1978:2013
1956:2012
1903:2024
1881:2023
1852:2021
1830:2020
1789:2015
1767:2015
1745:2015
1719:2016
1679:2011
1657:2017
1635:2008
1593:2008
1571:2024
1545:2012
1518:2007
1492:2007
1470:2017
1413:2013
1383:2012
1342:2012
1304:2008
1278:2010
1138:2013
1104:2013
1066:2007
1041:2016
1015:2012
981:2013
954:2022
932:2012
903:2013
857:2013
822:2011
780:2013
736:2021
710:2023
617:The
601:. A
460:and
271:Bath
161:pier
39:Type
845:102
462:MV
455:PS
331:in
269:in
167:in
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