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supports non-spacefaring countries to build their first satellite through a program called The Joint Global Multi-Nation Birds
Satellite project (BIRDS). Five countries participated in the first Bird program: Japan, Ghana, Mongolia, Nigeria, and Bangladesh. The Birds project logo was designed by
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and 5 megapixel cameras to image the Earth. The constellation could also transmit music and other sounds back to Earth. The satellites also contained provisions to measure the effects of solar radiation on commercial microprocessors and could measure air density. The satellites were expected to
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The constellation orbited the Earth at an altitude of 400 kilometres (250 mi) and at an inclination of 51.61°. The satellites travelled around the Earth every 91 minutes at a velocity of 7.67 kilometres per second (4.77 mi/s).
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246:. The same radio frequency was used for all of the satellites. The constellation could have music uploaded via a digi-singer. It was processed on the satellite, then transmitted to Earth with an
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was the first iteration of a multinational program called the Joint Global Multi-Nations Birds
Satellite project, or Birds project, to help countries build their first satellite. The Japanese
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said on
Twitter, "Another great example of International Cooperation today on @Space_Station -- launched 5 micro-satellites from 5 countries off the JAXA arm!"
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The satellites communicated with seven ground stations: one in each of the countries participating in the Birds-1 program, and one each in
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was more educational in nature; it was planned to be a technology demonstrator and to familiarize
Nigerians with spacecraft design.
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are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
154:). Each satellite cost about US$ 500,000 to manufacture and launch. The satellites were 10 centimetres (3.9 in) cubes in the
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and map the coastline. BRAC Onnesha's purpose was to image vegetation, water resources, and urbanization. The purpose of
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Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
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after launch. Birds-1 successfully launched the first satellite for
Bangladesh, Ghana, Mongolia, and Nigeria.
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The
Nigerian government had a background with satellites but had never built one before Birds-1. Sometimes
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43:(KIT) supported the design and fabrication of the satellites. The constellation was launched by a
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337:"Bird B, BTN, G, J, M, MYS, N, PHL (BRAC Onnesha, GhanaSat-1, Toki, Mazaalai, Nigeria EduSat-1)"
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participated in the Birds-1 program, all building identical satellites for the constellation.
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s intended use was to conduct independent space studies and help mitigate natural disasters.
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was referred to as
Mongolia's first satellite, but it was launched by Bermuda-based company
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First iteration of a multinational program to help countries build their first satellite
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304:. Mongolia planned to launch a second satellite in 2019. Ghana planned to build
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class, weighing around 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) each. Power was generated from
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of the
International Space Station on 7 July 2017. On ejection, astronaut
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436:"Successful deployment of five "BIRDS project" CubeSats from the "Kibo""
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782:"Ghana to launch GhanaSat-2 and Ghanasat-3 - Satellite Technical Team"
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Japan's work with non-spacefaring countries continued with
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All of the Birds-1 satellites were deorbited in May 2019.
754:"Mongolia to send its first satellite to space on June 4"
461:"Mongolia to send first satellite off to space on June 4"
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495:"Ghanaian Engineers Launch Ghanasat-1, Join Space Race"
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Five countries built identical satellites: Bangladesh (
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517:"Brac University says 'hi' to first nano-satellite"
658:"BIRDS-1 constellation of five CubeSats deployed"
680:"Ghana launches its first satellite into space"
543:"First Mongolian Satellite Launched Into Space"
415:"ABS Co-Brands ABS 2A Capacity as MongolSat 1"
389:"Nigeria to launch Africa's 1st nanosatellite"
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132:Three out of five Birds-1 satellites in orbit
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184:SpaceX launch of CRS-11 with Birds-1 onboard
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280:The five satellites deorbited in May 2019.
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162:and stored in batteries. They carried 0.3
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260:intended to use the data to help monitor
199:on 3 June 2017. Birds-1 was carried in a
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702:"First nanosatellite ready for launch"
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218:The satellites were ejected from the
7:
636:"Jack Fischer on Birds-1 Deployment"
99:Ghanaian student Ernest Teye Matey.
413:Russell, Kendall (19 April 2017).
191:launched the constellation on its
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788:from the original on 10 July 2017
471:from the original on 29 June 2017
343:from the original on 30 June 2017
55:, where it was released from the
615:from the original on 4 June 2017
493:Babatunde, Mark (11 July 2017).
387:Polycarp, Nwafor (18 May 2017).
167:remain in orbit for 1.1 years.
634:Fischer, Jack (7 July 2017).
607:Clark, Stephen (3 June 2017).
572:"Report on BIRDS-1 Deorbiting"
92:Kyushu Institute of Technology
41:Kyushu Institute of Technology
1:
1119:GSAT 9 / South Asia Satellite
207:rocket, launched from NASA's
581:. 31 July 2019. p. 96.
1814:Spacecraft launched in 2017
197:International Space Station
140:), Japan (Toki), Mongolia (
51:on 3 June 2017, as part of
49:International Space Station
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784:. GhanaWeb. 10 July 2017.
363:"Birds Project Newsletter"
112:and built by U.S. company
18:
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933:Intelsat 32e / SkyBrasil1
1324:EuropaSat / Hellas Sat 3
579:Birds Project Newsletter
19:Not to be confused with
660:. AMSAT-UK. 7 July 2017
339:. Gunter's Space Page.
250:(UHF) antenna as voice
116:. It was co-branded as
1804:Space program of Japan
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124:Development and design
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31:
1562:Sentinel-5 Precursor
854:Orbital launches in
248:ultra high frequency
209:Kennedy Space Center
1309:/ Sputnik Inspektor
611:. Spaceflight Now.
438:. JAXA. 7 June 2017
59:module into space.
759:The Indian Express
682:. BBC. 7 July 2017
497:. Face2Face Africa
419:satellitetoday.com
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34:
32:Birds project logo
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1071:, SG-Sat , SHARC)
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708:. 9 February 2017
523:. 8 February 2017
292:in 2018 with the
201:Dragon spacecraft
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267:Nigeria EduSat-1
152:Nigeria EduSat-1
150:), and Nigeria (
21:BIRD (satellite)
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467:. 5 June 2017.
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393:vanguardngr.com
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368:. Birds Project
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642:) – via
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979:Dragon CRS-10
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762:. 3 June 2017
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734:. 30 May 2017
733:
732:Premium Times
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549:. 5 June 2017
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1759:Iridium NEXT
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1676:Yaogan-30-02
1557:EchoStar 105
1542:Iridium NEXT
1517:Intelsat 37e
1511:Yaogan-30-01
1479:
1450:
1389:
1355:Kanopus-V-IK
1350:Intelsat 35e
1318:Iridium NEXT
1248:Blue Diamond
1179:BRAC Onnesha
1075:
917:Hispasat AG1
893:
888:Iridium NEXT
790:. Retrieved
776:
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757:
748:
736:. Retrieved
722:
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696:
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674:
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265:
256:
237:
228:
224:Jack Fischer
217:
187:
141:
138:BRAC Onnesha
135:
117:
103:
101:
89:
81:
36:
35:
25:
1744:Soyuz MS-07
1717:Kosmos 2524
1653:TechEdSat-6
1581:Koreasat 5A
1487:Kosmos 2522
1481:Soyuz MS-06
1436:Michibiki 3
1408:OPTSAT-3000
1391:Soyuz MS-05
1307:Kosmos 2521
1305:/ Nivelir,
1303:Kosmos 2519
1278:InflateSail
1260:Red Diamond
1233:Cartosat-2E
1228:ChinaSat 9A
1209:EchoStar 21
1077:Soyuz MS-04
1024:IGS-Radar 5
1019:EchoStar 23
1014:Sentinel-2B
947:Al Farabi-1
942:Cartosat-2D
907:SBIRS GEO-3
592:19 February
553:12 February
398:17 February
372:15 February
294:Philippines
284:Future work
220:Kibō module
160:solar cells
118:MongolSat-1
1798:Categories
1725:Alcomsat-1
1660:Fengyun-3D
1634:Asgardia-1
1498:USA-278 /
1475:Amazonas 5
1468:USA-277 /
1441:Formosat-5
1344:Shijian-18
1297:ROBUSTA-1B
1185:GhanaSat-1
1110:Koreasat 7
1102:USA-276 /
1087:SilkRoad-1
1083:Tianzhou 1
1063:(ALTAIR ,
1054:Shijian 13
1004:Intruder 8
465:News Ghana
316:References
310:GhanaSat-3
306:GhanaSat-2
234:Operations
156:1U CubeSat
148:GhanaSat-1
146:), Ghana (
86:Background
77:Bangladesh
1771:AngoSat 1
1733:FOC 15-18
1576:Quasar 21
1506:AsiaSat 9
1491:GLONASS-M
1462:September
1272:COMPASS-2
1009:Tiankun-1
937:Telkom-3S
587:2433-8818
164:megapixel
94:(KIT) in
1819:CubeSats
1710:December
1616:BeiDou-3
1609:BeiDou-3
1602:November
1591:Flock-3m
1452:IRNSS-1H
1364:Flock-2k
1266:CICERO-6
1191:Mazaalai
1161:ViaSat-2
965:Flock-3p
926:February
896:TRICOM-1
786:Archived
738:8 August
686:19 April
664:19 April
613:Archived
547:Montsame
469:Archived
442:19 April
341:Archived
302:Malaysia
273:Mazaalai
240:Thailand
205:Falcon 9
143:Mazaalai
105:Mazaalai
69:Mongolia
45:Falcon 9
1730:Galileo
1698:Lemur-2
1665:NOAA-20
1646:Lemur-2
1640:EcAMSat
1572:USA-279
1530:October
1521:BSAT-4a
1422:ASTERIA
1383:Lemur-2
1328:GSAT-17
1284:Lemur-2
1242:Aalto-1
1223:ÑuSat 3
1204:GSAT-19
1069:IceCube
1029:USA-275
1000:USA-274
972:Lemur-2
903:USA-273
871:January
792:24 July
644:Twitter
619:24 July
501:24 July
347:24 July
290:Birds-2
171:Mission
73:Nigeria
37:Birds-1
1750:GCOM-C
1588:× 6 ,
1586:SkySat
1553:SES-11
1537:VRSS-2
1431:TDRS-M
1401:August
1129:SES-15
1114:SGDC-1
1065:CXBN-2
1038:SES-10
959:DIDO-2
953:BGUSAT
863:2018 →
848:← 2016
766:8 July
712:9 July
585:
527:9 July
475:8 July
300:, and
298:Bhutan
254:data.
244:Taiwan
213:LC-39A
193:CRS-11
189:SpaceX
176:Launch
114:Boeing
75:, and
53:CRS-11
1761:31–40
1754:SLATS
1721:LKW-1
1548:QZS-4
1470:OTV-5
1446:ORS-5
1412:VENµS
1174:NICER
1156:QZS-2
1047:April
1033:WGS-9
993:March
912:DSN-2
878:TJS-2
640:Tweet
575:(PDF)
366:(PDF)
258:Ghana
203:on a
96:Japan
65:Ghana
61:Japan
1809:JAXA
1700:× 10
1544:× 10
1500:NROL
1366:× 48
1337:July
1320:× 10
1149:June
1104:NROL
967:× 88
890:× 10
856:2017
794:2017
768:2017
740:2017
714:2017
688:2018
666:2018
621:2017
594:2020
583:ISSN
555:2018
529:2017
503:2017
477:2017
444:2018
400:2018
374:2018
349:2017
308:and
242:and
211:Pad
90:The
57:Kibō
1767:× 3
1672:× 3
1648:× 8
1593:× 4
1513:× 3
1502:-42
1494:752
1385:× 8
1286:× 8
1139:EKS
1106:-76
1096:May
974:× 8
110:ABS
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1752:,
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1686:,
1650:,
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