527:. Though deemed toxic by the Chest Research foundation and Pune University, black snake fireworks are still in use. The objective of the study was to determine which firework produced the most air pollution in India. The conducted study showed that the snake fireworks emitted the highest particulate matter, capable of penetrating the lungs via inhalation of smoke particles and consequently, causing significant damage. Other firecrackers that emit huge amounts of smoke particles include fuljhadi, pulpul, chakris and annar.
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41:: the Pharaoh's snake, the sugar snake, or a popular retail composition marketed under various product names but usually known as "black snake". The "Pharaoh's snake" or "Pharaoh's serpent" is the original version of the black snake experiment. It produces a more impressive snake, but its execution depends upon
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The actual formula seems to be somewhat of a secret. However, they are likely based on a nitrated pitch composition. Additionally, they are often marketed in the form of small black pellets and are nondeliquescent and shelf-stable. There are very few retailers of this product in Europe, and there is
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in 1821, soon after the first synthesis of mercury thiocyanate. It was described as "winding out from itself at the same time worm-like processes, to many times its former bulk, of a very light material of the color of graphite." For some time, a firework product called "Pharaoschlangen" was
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available to the public in
Germany but was eventually banned when the toxic properties of the product were discovered through the deaths of several children who had mistakenly consumed the resulting solid.
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The
Pharaoh's snake is a more dramatic experiment and it requires more safety precautions than the sugar snake due to the presence of toxic
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product, makes the snake lightweight and airy and allows it to grow to a large size from a comparably small amount of starting material.
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261:. If the reaction is performed inside a container, a gray film of mercury coating on its inner surface can be observed.
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The
Pharaoh's snake experiment is conducted in the same manner as the sugar snake experiment, however, the former uses
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will eventually turn black and the snake will grow about 15–50 centimetres (5.9–19.7 in) long after it is lit.
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Some of the sucrose does not burn, but merely decomposes at the high temperature, giving off elemental
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Solid fuel is used in this experiment. The solid fuel can be sand that is sufficiently covered in
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Type of firework which smokes and spews out ash resembling a snake, staying on the ground
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reaction. They remain on the ground and emit no sparks, flares, projectiles, or sound.
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Once lit, the fireworks emit smoke and spew out ash resembling a snake via an
45:, which is no longer in common use due to its toxicity. For a "sugar snake",
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The carbon in the reaction makes the snake black. The overall process is
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After igniting the reagents, mercury(II) thiocyanate breaks down to form
711:"Diwali 2016: Snake tablets cause the worst pollution followed by ladis"
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99:) instead of powdered sugar with baking soda. This must be done in a
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Sucrose: Sodium bicarbonate (4:1) placed on top of sand and ethanol.
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A long snake-like shape of carbon formed during the experiment
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is a term that can refer to at least three similar types of
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possibly only one large-scale manufacturer in the world.
138:, a pale yellow solid, is the main component of the ash.
494:enough that the water produced in the reactions is
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648:Davis, T. L. (1940). "Pyrotechnic Snakes".
621:Helmenstine, Anne Marie (June 3, 2020).
591:"How to Make a Pharaoh's Snake Firework"
589:Helmenstine, Anne Marie (June 3, 2020).
623:"How to Make Black Snake or Glow Worms"
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257:), it will form gray mercury vapor and
7:
629:from the original on 14 October 2019
597:from the original on 17 October 2019
691:from the original on 6 October 2019
519:It's a popular firecracker item in
80:vapor and other mercury compounds.
53:are the commonly used chemicals.
14:
498:. This steam, in addition to the
300:, which involves the reaction of
83:This reaction was discovered by
751:Chemistry classroom experiments
721:from the original on 2021-11-08
72:Pharaoh's serpent demonstration
162:Carbon disulfide ignites into
1:
650:Journal of Chemical Education
343:occur when the snake is lit.
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18:
687:. MEL Science 2015–2019.
107:compounds are hazardous.
136:Graphitic carbon nitride
43:mercury (II) thiocyanate
19:Not to be confused with
214:) will break down into
93:mercury(II) thiocyanate
325:hexamethylenetetramine
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293:
292:Black snake experiment
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715:The Financial Express
547:Elephant's toothpaste
399:in the air) produces
327:. A white mixture of
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482:(s) → 12 C(s) + 11 H
247:mercury(II) sulfide
146:(s) → 2 HgS(s) + CS
112:mercury(II) sulfide
746:Types of fireworks
506:Retail black snake
345:Sodium bicarbonate
341:chemical reactions
333:sodium bicarbonate
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306:sodium bicarbonate
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249:(HgS) reacts with
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47:sodium bicarbonate
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662:10.1021/ed017p268
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116:carbon disulfide
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723:. Retrieved
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631:. Retrieved
599:. Retrieved
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298:carbon snake
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233:(s) → 3 (CN)
216:nitrogen gas
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103:because all
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21:Carbon snake
685:MEL Science
552:Intumescent
542:Soda geyser
446:OH(l) + 3 O
427:(g) → 12 CO
405:water vapor
353:water vapor
304:instead of
296:Unlike the
278:Sugar snake
58:intumescent
740:Categories
725:2020-11-14
695:28 October
633:16 October
601:16 October
563:References
492:exothermic
450:(g) → 2 CO
431:(g) + 11 H
423:(s) + 12 O
265:HgS(s) + O
194:(g) + 2 SO
496:vaporized
454:(g) + 3 H
379:O(g) + CO
186:(l) + 3 O
142:2 Hg(SCN)
101:fume hood
39:fireworks
719:Archived
689:Archived
627:Archived
595:Archived
557:Starlite
531:See also
403:gas and
387:Burning
367:(s) → Na
190:(g) → CO
95:(Hg(SCN)
393:ethanol
389:sucrose
375:(s) + H
363:2 NaHCO
329:sucrose
321:ethanol
237:(g) + N
150:(l) + C
122:), and
114:(HgS),
105:mercury
78:mercury
525:Diwali
464:carbon
397:oxygen
355:, and
339:Three
251:oxygen
220:dicyan
202:While
170:) and
521:India
245:When
51:sugar
697:2019
635:2019
603:2019
486:O(g)
458:O(g)
435:O(g)
331:and
218:and
49:and
658:doi
515:Use
391:or
383:(g)
323:or
273:(g)
241:(g)
225:2 C
198:(g)
178:).
174:(SO
166:(CO
158:(s)
134:).
118:(CS
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670:^
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652:.
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611:^
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571:^
480:11
476:22
472:12
421:11
417:22
413:12
407::
371:CO
359::
351:,
253:(O
206:(C
182:CS
126:(C
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484:2
478:O
474:H
470:C
456:2
452:2
448:2
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438:C
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419:O
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411:C
381:2
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373:3
369:2
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231:4
229:N
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212:4
210:N
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196:2
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188:2
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176:2
168:2
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154:N
152:3
148:2
144:2
132:4
130:N
128:3
120:2
97:2
23:.
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