846:
1130:
808:
827:
777:
1100:
3845:
3877:
1172:
845:
1115:
2558:
4211:
278:
266:
45:
1201:. Many coats of arms consist simply of a division of the field into two contrasting tinctures. These are considered divisions of a shield, so the rule of tincture can be ignored. For example, a shield divided azure and gules would be perfectly acceptable. A line of partition may be straight or it may be varied. The variations of partition lines can be wavy, indented, embattled, engrailed,
2572:
1287:
Ordinaries may appear in parallel series, in which case blazons in
English give them different names such as pallets, bars, bendlets, and chevronels. French blazon makes no such distinction between these diminutives and the ordinaries when borne singly. Unless otherwise specified an ordinary is drawn
1223:
In the early days of heraldry, very simple bold rectilinear shapes were painted on shields. These could be easily recognized at a long distance and could be easily remembered. They therefore served the main purpose of heraldry: identification. As more complicated shields came into use, these bold
1302:
A charge is any object or figure placed on a heraldic shield or on any other object of an armorial composition. Any object found in nature or technology may appear as a heraldic charge in armory. Charges can be animals, objects, or geometric shapes. Apart from the ordinaries, the most frequent
347:
means to create such a description. The visual depiction of a coat of arms or flag has traditionally had considerable latitude in design, but a verbal blazon specifies the essentially distinctive elements. A coat of arms or flag is therefore primarily defined not by a picture but rather by the
1574:
or "plain coat" arms. Historically, arms were only heritable by males and therefore cadency marks had no relevance to daughters; in the modern era, Canadian and Irish heraldry include daughters in cadency. These differences are formed by adding to the arms small and inconspicuous marks called
470:
is most concise, and it is always minutely exact, definite, and explicit; all unnecessary words are omitted, and all repetitions are carefully avoided; and, at the same time, every detail is specified with absolute precision. The nomenclature is equally significant, and its aim is to combine
852:
Quarterly 1st and 4th Sable a lion rampant on a canton Argent a cross Gules; 2nd and 3rd quarterly Argent and Gules in the 2nd and 3rd quarters a fret Or overall on a bend Sable three escallops of the first and as an augmentation in chief an inescutcheon, Argent a cross Gules and thereon an
1224:
shapes were set apart in a separate class as the "honorable ordinaries". They act as charges and are always written first in blazon. Unless otherwise specified they extend to the edges of the field. Though ordinaries are not easily defined, they are generally described as including the
741:
A convention often followed historically was to name a tincture explicitly only once within a given blazon. If the same tincture was found in different places within the arms, this was addressed either by ordering all elements of like tincture together prior to the tincture name (e.g.,
1411:
branches of a family from the senior line. These cadency marks are usually shown smaller than normal charges, but it still does not follow that a shield containing such a charge belongs to a cadet branch. All of these charges occur frequently in basic undifferenced coats of arms.
1565:
when those family members have not been granted arms in their own right. Cadency is necessary in heraldic systems in which a given design may be owned by only one person at any time, generally the head of the senior line of a particular family. As an
695:(composite) shield is blazoned one quarter (panel) at a time, proceeding by rows from chief (top) to base, and within each row from dexter (the right side of the bearer holding the shield) to sinister; in other words, from the viewer's left to right.
1255:
There is a separate class of charges called sub-ordinaries which are of a geometrical shape subordinate to the ordinary. According to Friar, they are distinguished by their order in blazon. The sub-ordinaries include the
1074:); IV. per Fess Azure and Or over all a Bar Gules in the Chief a demi-Eagle Sable displayed addextré of the Sun-in-splendour and senestré of a Crescent Argent in the Base seven Towers three and four Gules (for
1452:, division of the field by both vertical and horizontal lines. As the name implies, the usual number of divisions is four, but the principle has been extended to very large numbers of "quarters".
579:
Some authorities prefer to capitalise the names of tinctures and charges, but this convention is far from universal. Where tinctures are not capitalised, an exception may be made for the metal
807:
487:, wrote in 1985: "Although there are certain conventions as to how arms shall be blazoned ... many of the supposedly hard and fast rules laid down in heraldic manuals are often ignored."
826:
1570:'s arms may be used "by courtesy", either by children or spouses, while they are still living, some form of differencing may be required so as not to confuse them with the original
919:
is feminine in French, savours somewhat of pedantry. A person may be a good armorist, and a tolerable French scholar, and still be uncertain whether an escallop-shell covered with
2576:
776:
746:); or by naming the tincture only at its first occurrence, and referring to it at subsequent occurrences obliquely, for example by use of the phrase "of the field" (e.g.,
490:
A given coat of arms may be drawn in many different ways, all considered equivalent and faithful to the blazon, just as the letter "A" may be printed in many different
1078:); enté en point Gules a double-headed Eagle proper on a Peninsula Vert holding a Vase pouring Water into the Sea Argent beneath a Crown proper with bands Azure (for
961:, who suggested that all French adjectives should be expressed in the masculine singular, without regard to the gender and number of the nouns they qualify, thus
306:
456:
Blazon is generally designed to eliminate ambiguity of interpretation, to be as concise as possible, and to avoid repetition and extraneous punctuation. English
1684:
1445: – combining the dexter half of one coat with the sinister half of another – because dimidiation can create ambiguity.
769:. Heraldry has its own vocabulary, word-order and punctuation, and presenting it in italics indicates to the reader the use of a quasi-foreign language.
688:
means that a charge which straddles a line of division is given the same tinctures as the divided field, but reversed (see the arms of
Behnsdorf below).
1779:
907:
Where the French form is used, a problem may arise as to the appropriate adjectival ending, determined in normal French usage by gender and number.
2901:
3243:
2582:
1596:
2075:
The
General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales; Comprising a Registry of Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Time
2017:
3207:
1129:
348:
wording of its blazon (though in modern usage flags are often additionally and more precisely defined using geometrical specifications).
2627:
2673:
2483:
873:, many terms in English heraldry are of French origin. Some of the details of the syntax of blazon also follow French practice: thus,
299:
2531:
2504:
2451:
2429:
2378:
2263:
2244:
2225:
2203:
2184:
2161:
1996:
1981:
1966:
1595:. One of the best examples of usage from the medieval period is shown on the seven Beauchamp cadets in the stained-glass windows of
128:
2603:
656:
The principal ordinary or charge is followed by any other charges placed on or around it. If a charge is a bird or a beast, its
585:, in order to avoid confusion with the English word "or". Where space is at a premium, tincture names may be abbreviated: e.g.,
572:: white, red, white, red). In the case of a divided shield, it is common for the word "party" or "parted" to be omitted (e.g.,
1735:
4253:
2959:
484:
66:
1430:
two or more coats of arms is to combine them in one shield. This can be done in a number of ways, of which the simplest is
4220:
292:
977:
Full descriptions of shields range in complexity, from a single word to a convoluted series describing compound shields:
3481:
3476:
1099:
1086:
Barry of eight Gules and Argent impaling Gules on a Mount Vert a Crown Or issuant therefrom a double-Cross Argent (for
2439:
673:
352:
is also the specialized language in which a blazon is written, and, as a verb, the act of writing such a description.
109:
81:
55:
2115:
1637:
1288:
with straight lines, but each may be indented, embattled, wavy, engrailed, or otherwise have their lines varied.
762:
in London, England, and by most other formal granting bodies, as they may introduce ambiguity to complex blazons.
3063:
1114:
4040:
3536:
1372:. Eagles are almost always shown with their wings spread, or displayed. A pair of wings conjoined is called a
88:
660:
is defined, followed by the creature's tincture, followed by anything that may be differently coloured; e.g.
4203:
4165:
3496:
3436:
2823:
2768:
2733:
1642:
1548:
1369:
499:
62:
1774:
2939:
2916:
2872:
2811:
2666:
2411:
1468:
735:
699:
531:
231:
156:
2944:
2894:
2889:
2867:
2751:
1803:
1449:
1435:
1431:
1257:
1180:
1161:
1150:
1083:
692:
563:
542:
495:
175:
95:
2288:
Scotland's
Herauldrie: the Science of Herauldrie treated as a part of the Civil law and Law of Nations
884:
A number of heraldic adjectives may be given in either a French or an anglicised form: for example, a
4248:
4063:
2850:
2816:
2708:
2508:
2213:
2021:
3844:
4058:
3921:
3835:
3719:
3701:
3491:
3074:
3026:
3001:
2703:
1356:
1261:
1218:
1194:
1024:
1006:
1001:
870:
797:
684:
657:
639:
558:
546:
518:
77:
937:
The usual convention in
English heraldry is to adhere to the feminine singular form, for example:
4115:
4088:
3416:
3361:
3311:
3222:
3212:
3149:
3124:
3059:
3034:
3006:
2906:
2693:
2633:
2355:
2347:
2307:
1799:
1396:
1241:
958:
929:
480:
3876:
1121:
1014:
957:
are in fact masculine. Efforts have been made to ignore grammatical correctness, for example by
1477:
of a shield, or less often a charge or crest, is sometimes made up of a pattern of colours, or
4243:
4032:
3954:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3346:
3182:
3054:
2993:
2971:
2949:
2833:
2785:
2659:
2537:
2527:
2466:
2447:
2425:
2397:
2374:
2339:
2259:
2240:
2221:
2199:
2180:
2157:
2136:
2058:
1992:
1977:
1962:
1580:
1558:
1388:
1297:
1273:
1198:
987:
856:
711:
643:
251:
238:
217:
145:
1650:
3800:
3788:
3709:
3511:
3316:
3263:
3258:
3192:
3177:
3119:
3084:
2934:
2929:
2862:
2828:
2756:
2274:
1608:
1592:
1588:
1530:
1474:
1380:
1365:
1312:
1277:
1269:
1186:
1067:
896:
783:
723:
703:
621:
611:
545:, the division is described, followed by the tinctures of the subfields, beginning with the
523:
510:
224:
196:
182:
2599:
1529:. Semés, or patterns of repeated charges, are also considered variations of the field. The
1171:
402:, both of which relate to the graphic representation of a coat of arms or heraldic device.
4215:
4127:
3812:
3657:
3642:
3637:
3572:
3253:
3217:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3044:
3016:
2790:
2713:
2523:
Woodward's a treatise on heraldry, British and foreign: with
English and French glossaries
2295:
2048:
1783:
1698:
1404:
1364:
can often be found rampant (standing on the left hind foot). Another frequent position is
1332:
1308:
1249:
1237:
1233:
1206:
1037:
787:
759:
649:
460:
282:
2521:
2361:
An
Ordinary of Arms Contained in the Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland
2130:
2052:
886:
2256:
A European
Armorial: An Armorial of Knights of the Golden Fleece and 15th Century Europe
1631:
4139:
4105:
4098:
3652:
3617:
3409:
3336:
3321:
3301:
3039:
2879:
2773:
2761:
1820:
1373:
2557:
2119:
1678:
4237:
4187:
4122:
4093:
3753:
3677:
3609:
3557:
2698:
2359:
2173:
2082:
2070:
1702:
1673:
790:
676:
below). If the charge is a tree then it may be described by its shape or its leaves;
581:
433:
Formerly, heraldic authorities believed that the word was related to the German verb
384:
750:); or by reference to its numerical place in the sequence of named tinctures (e.g.,
102:
4177:
4155:
4110:
4007:
3988:
3963:
3647:
3552:
3114:
3079:
2924:
2857:
2780:
2718:
1743:
1562:
1554:
1456:
1400:
1075:
372:, which becomes essential for comprehension when blazoning a complex coat of arms.
332:
259:
164:
4182:
3997:
3521:
3501:
3369:
3069:
3011:
2094:
1442:
836:
766:
457:
324:
44:
2491:
von
Warnstedt, Christopher (October 1970). "The Heraldic Provinces of Europe".
2150:
4016:
3682:
3672:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3567:
3441:
3399:
3379:
3351:
3331:
2728:
2562:
1513:. For further variations, these are sometimes combined to produce patterns of
1348:
448:. Present-day lexicographers reject this theory as conjectural and disproved.
361:
2618:
with many useful official versions of modern coats of arms, searchable online
2609:
2470:
356:
is the art, craft or practice of creating a blazon. The language employed in
4083:
3687:
3667:
3662:
3471:
3456:
3273:
2978:
2593:
1361:
1320:
874:
817:
731:
189:
4200:
Non-traditional, regional, or rarely used (sometimes considered unheraldic)
2329:
2062:
265:
2645:
2571:
2007:
1959:
Early Blazon: Heraldic
Terminology in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries
833:
Argent, an eagle displayed gules armed and wings charged with trefoils Or.
698:
Following the description of the shield, any additional components of the
32:
This article is about heraldry. For the term used in Romantic poetry, see
4172:
3933:
3714:
3599:
3577:
3526:
3506:
3451:
3394:
3389:
3384:
2954:
2884:
2682:
2615:
2590:, by Stephen Gold and Timothy Shead, explaining the terminology in detail
2587:
1441:
and putting one whole coat in each half. Impalement replaced the earlier
1421:
1384:
1106:
1071:
1047:
982:
719:
394:(referring to a verbal description) are not to be confused with the noun
320:
210:
153:
2639:
904:. In modern English blazons, the anglicised form tends to be preferred.
343:, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image. The verb
17:
3824:
3589:
3582:
3516:
3486:
3466:
3461:
3446:
3426:
3341:
3306:
3285:
3280:
3268:
3248:
3238:
3197:
3161:
3094:
3049:
2845:
2806:
1567:
1542:
1408:
1392:
1344:
1340:
1324:
1281:
1265:
1245:
1136:
1087:
1059:
1033:
707:
631:
472:
365:
1497:, depending on the direction of the stripes. Other variations include
752:
Argent, two chevrons and on a canton gules a lion passant of the first
748:
Argent, two chevrons and on a canton gules a lion passant of the field
4160:
4134:
3909:
3741:
3594:
3531:
3421:
3404:
3374:
3187:
3154:
3109:
3099:
2723:
1202:
1190:
1063:
1051:
1018:
997:
920:
591:
498:
is almost always immaterial, with very limited exceptions (e.g., the
380:
369:
340:
33:
2235:
Innes of Learney, Thomas (1978). Innes of Edingight, Malcolm (ed.).
1481:. A pattern of horizontal (barwise) stripes, for example, is called
1027:
Or armed beaked langued and membered Azure between four Roses Argent
4024:
3776:
3431:
3104:
2983:
2966:
2412:
Siebmacher's Grosses und Allgemeines Wappenbuch Vermehrten Auglage
1720:; new and revised edition, p. 52. London: Robson Books, 1985.
1304:
1225:
1170:
1079:
1055:
869:
Because heraldry developed at a time when English clerks wrote in
727:
715:
601:
514:
376:
245:
203:
2621:
2108:
Fairbairn's Crests of the Families of Great Britain & Ireland
1591:
in the case of the label. Brisures are generally exempt from the
814:
Party per pale argent and vert, a tree eradicated counterchanged.
494:
while still being the same letter. For example, the shape of the
3885:
3880:
3326:
3202:
3089:
2541:
2254:
Le FĂ©vre, Jean (1971). Pinches, Rosemary; Wood, Anthony (eds.).
2140:
1584:
1328:
1316:
1229:
878:
491:
336:
2655:
2480:
Heralds of England: A History of the Office and College of Arms
1046:
Quarterly I. Azure three Lions' Heads affronté Crowned Or (for
738:â are described in turn, using the same terminology and syntax.
513:(background), with the first letter capitalised, followed by a
3562:
2364:. Edinburgh: W. Green & Sons – via Internet Archive.
1336:
38:
2640:
Members' Roll of Arms of the Royal Heraldry Society of Canada
1677:
2124:. London: T.C. & E.C. Jack – via Internet Archive.
2034:
An 'achievement' is a full formal display of a coat of arms.
1944:
EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica, 9th edition (1884), vol. 11, p. 704
1663:
EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica, 9th. ed., vol.11, p.683, "Heraldry"
2651:
1485:, while a pattern of vertical (palewise) stripes is called
2054:
Heraldry, Ancient and Modern: Including Boutell's Heraldry
574:
Per pale argent and vert, a tree eradicated counterchanged
430:. It is found in English by the end of the 14th century.
1808:(2nd ed.). London: Chatto & Windus. p. 47.
1307:– with its hundreds of variations – and the
509:
Every blazon of a coat of arms begins by describing the
549:
side (shield bearer's right, but viewer's left) of the
2577:
Illustrated atlas of French and English heraldic terms
1354:
Animals are found in various stereotyped positions or
638:
Following the description of the field, the principal
1940:
1938:
1459:, a small shield placed in front of the main shield.
758:). However, these conventions are now avoided by the
1347:, and more exotic monsters appear as charges and as
4148:
4076:
4049:
3973:
3942:
3896:
3834:
3763:
3728:
3700:
3608:
3545:
3360:
3294:
3231:
3170:
3025:
2992:
2915:
2799:
2744:
2628:
Arms of members of the Heraldry Society of Scotland
2600:"Commonly Known" Heraldic Blazon/Emblazon Knowledge
1917:
1848:. (W.W. Norton & Company, New York: 1993), 148.
1023:Gules, a Griffin with dragon wings tail and tongue
534:is described, followed by the tinctures used; e.g.
471:definitive exactness with a brevity that is indeed
69:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2616:Public Register of the Canadian Heraldic Authority
2388:Reid of Robertland, David; Wilson, Vivien (1977).
2196:The Art of Heraldry: Origins, Symbols, and Designs
2172:
2149:
1630:
1533:applies to all semés and variations of the field.
2634:Arms of members of the Heraldry Society (England)
2630:, fully searchable with illustrations of bearings
1991:, (2nd ed.). Rutland, VT: Charles E. Tuttle Co.
1961:, (2nd ed.). Woodbridge, UK: The Boydell Press.
1893:
1455:The third common mode of marshalling is with an
2302:. London and Edinburgh: Thomas Nelson and Sons.
909:
505:The main conventions of blazon are as follows:
465:
27:Art of describing heraldic arms in proper terms
2606:page with a lengthy dictionary of blazon terms
2344:Heraldry: An Introduction to a Noble Tradition
2239:(3rd ed.). London: Johnston & Bacon.
2121:The Art of Heraldry: An Encyclopedia of Armory
1776:The Armorial Bearings of Sir Winston Churchill
1489:. A pattern of diagonal stripes may be called
1193:in heraldry can be divided into more than one
1175:A shield parted per pale and per fir twig fess
795:A coat made famous by the medieval court case
765:It is common to print all heraldic blazons in
2667:
2648:. It tries to draw a shield from blazon text.
1794:
1792:
1553:Cadency is any systematic way to distinguish
1062:); III. Azure a River in Fess Gules bordered
646:(s) are named, with their tincture(s); e.g.,
517:",". In a majority of cases this is a single
375:Other armorial objects and devices â such as
300:
8:
1857:
1688:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
952:
946:
434:
415:
163:External devices in addition to the central
2392:. Vol. Second. Edinburgh: Lyon Office.
2020:. An Tir College of Heralds. Archived from
1730:
1728:
1726:
923:should be blazoned as bezanté or bezantée".
853:inescutcheon Azure, three fleurs-de-lis Or.
3725:
3022:
2674:
2660:
2652:
1929:
502:, for which a round shield is specified).
307:
293:
140:
2520:Woodward, John; Burnett, George (1892) .
2156:. Cranbury, NJ: A.S. Barnes and Company.
1264:, the tressure, the double tressure, the
1162:Escutcheon (heraldry) § Inescutcheon
129:Learn how and when to remove this message
2300:Simple Heraldry â Cheerfully Illustrated
2279:Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe
1407:may be added to a shield to distinguish
568:(clockwise from viewer's top left, i.e.
2286:Mackenzie of Rosehaugh, George (1680).
1905:
1619:
1205:, or made into myriad other forms; see
1095:
772:
744:Argent, two chevrons and a canton gules
152:
2312:Heraldry: Sources, Symbols and Meaning
754:: in both these examples, the lion is
2624:, fully searchable with illustrations
2526:. Edinburgh: W. & A. B. Johnson.
2404:. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing.
2290:. Edinburgh: Heir of Andrew Anderson.
2077:. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing.
1881:
1869:
1707:, 3rd edition, London, 1864, pp. 8â9.
1625:
1623:
7:
2515:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2446:. Ware, Hertfordshire: Omega Books.
2444:Heraldry â Customs, Rules and Styles
2409:Siebmacher, Johann. J. (1890â1901).
2334:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.
2331:A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry
1989:A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry
1651:participating institution membership
1583:but smaller. They are placed on the
1368:, or walking, like the lions of the
67:adding citations to reliable sources
2622:Civic Heraldry of England and Wales
2314:. Maidenhead, England: McGraw-Hill.
2129:Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles (1909).
1151:Escutcheon (heraldry) § Points
387:â may also be described in blazon.
2415:. NĂŒrnberg: Von Bauer & Raspe.
1066:thereon a Marten proper beneath a
1004:fought a famous legal battle (see
670:and wings charged with trefoils or
25:
2612:by the College of Arms Foundation
2323:. Edinburgh: T & A Constable.
1918:Moncreiffe & Pottinger (1953)
1844:Stephen Friar and John Ferguson.
1509:. Wave shaped stripes are termed
4209:
3875:
3843:
2642:, with illustrations of bearings
2636:, with illustrations of bearings
2570:
2556:
2135:. London: T.C. & E.C. Jack.
2101:. London: Buckland Publications.
2009:Pimbley's dictionary of heraldry
2006:Pimbley, Arthur Francis (1908).
1704:Heraldry, Historical and Popular
1128:
1113:
1098:
844:
825:
806:
775:
276:
264:
43:
2484:Her Majesty's Stationery Office
2089:. New York: Clarkson N. Potter.
1972:Elvin, Charles Norton. (1969).
1819:Velde, François (August 1998).
1036:dating from 1867, when part of
945:, even though the French nouns
54:needs additional citations for
2371:European Nobility and Heraldry
2051:(1890). Aveling, S. T. (ed.).
1894:Woodcock & Robinson (1988)
555:Party per pale argent and vert
485:Norroy and Ulster King of Arms
1:
2646:Create a Shield from a Blazon
2561:The dictionary definition of
2544:– via Internet Archive.
2422:The Complete Book of Heraldry
2143:– via Internet Archive.
2065:– via Internet Archive.
996:, over which the families of
932:), The Handbook of Heraldry,
865:French vocabulary and grammar
530:If the field is complex, the
331:is a formal description of a
3966:(metal in the United States)
2513:The Oxford Guide to Heraldry
2440:von Volborth, Carl-Alexander
2350:. New York: Harry N. Abrams.
2281:. New York: Clarkson Potter.
2171:Friar, Stephen, ed. (1987).
2132:A Complete Guide to Heraldry
2194:Gwynn-Jones, Peter (1998).
2179:. New York: Harmony Books.
2057:. London: Frederick Warne.
1448:A more versatile method is
1422:Heraldry § Marshalling
1315:. Other common animals are
674:coat of arms of Brandenburg
4270:
2478:Wagner, Anthony R (1967).
2424:. New York: Hermes House.
2319:Nisbet, Alexander (1984).
2258:. London: Heraldry Today.
2198:. London: Parkgate Books.
2116:Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles
2110:. New York: Bonanza Books.
1976:. London: Heraldry Today.
1957:Brault, Gerard J. (1997).
1546:
1540:
1466:
1419:
1295:
1216:
1178:
1159:
1148:
911:"To describe two hands as
877:are normally placed after
680:means its roots are shown.
538:(checkered red and white).
31:
4196:
2689:
2298:; Pottinger, Don (1953).
2148:Franklyn, Julian (1968).
2106:Fairbairn, James (1986).
2018:"What is an Achievement?"
1638:Oxford English Dictionary
2461:Wagner, Anthony (1946).
2420:Slater, Stephen (2003).
2220:. London: Tabard Press.
2175:A Dictionary of Heraldry
2087:The Heraldic Imagination
1974:A Dictionary of Heraldry
1805:The Handbook of Heraldry
1537:Differencing and cadency
4204:List of oldest heraldry
2369:Pinches, J. H. (1994).
1786:. The Churchill Centre.
1685:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
1643:Oxford University Press
1549:Ancient and modern arms
1463:Variations of the field
1370:coat of arms of England
536:Chequy gules and argent
500:coat of arms of Nunavut
414:is derived from French
2328:Parker, James (1970).
2099:Cardinals and Heraldry
1469:Variation of the field
1176:
1167:Divisions of the field
1094:
953:
947:
935:
477:
435:
416:
4254:Technical terminology
2594:A Grammar of Blazonry
2509:Robinson, John Martin
2398:Rietstap, Johannes B.
2214:Humphery-Smith, Cecil
1825:Heraldry by Countries
1716:J. P. Brooke-Little:
1197:, as can the various
1181:Division of the field
1174:
1043:
881:rather than before.
557:(dexter half silver,
2610:Language of Heraldry
2579:at Wikimedia Commons
2321:A system of Heraldry
2095:Elvins, Mark Turnham
1764:Boutell 1864, p. 11.
1718:An Heraldic Alphabet
63:improve this article
4216:Heraldry portal
3643:Hastings/Hungerford
2930:Crowns and coronets
2902:National traditions
2583:Heraldic Dictionary
2463:Heraldry in England
2390:An Ordinary of Arms
2356:Paul, James Balfour
2308:Neubecker, Ottfried
1858:von Volborth (1981)
1746:on 27 December 2017
1641:(Online ed.).
1561:of the holder of a
1219:Ordinary (heraldry)
1007:Scrope v. Grosvenor
915:, because the word
871:Anglo-Norman French
798:Scrope v. Grosvenor
553:(upper) edge; e.g.
283:Heraldry portal
3600:Waterlily/Seeblatt
2824:Ancient and modern
2373:. Heraldry Today.
2348:Abrams Discoveries
2340:Pastoureau, Michel
2218:General Armory Two
1782:2013-07-18 at the
1436:dividing the field
1177:
930:John Edwin Cussans
642:or ordinaries and
481:John Brooke-Little
390:The noun and verb
4231:
4230:
4072:
4071:
4010:(color in Canada)
3696:
3695:
2588:A Heraldic Primer
2575:Media related to
2275:Maclagan, Michael
1930:Fox-Davies (1909)
1649:(Subscription or
1298:Charge (heraldry)
1010:and image above).
541:If the shield is
468:Heraldic language
463:stated in 1864:
317:
316:
139:
138:
131:
113:
16:(Redirected from
4261:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4052:
4039:
4031:
4023:
4015:
4005:
3995:
3987:
3984:
3976:
3961:
3953:
3945:
3932:
3929:
3920:
3917:
3908:
3905:
3879:
3847:
3823:
3820:
3811:
3808:
3799:
3796:
3787:
3784:
3775:
3772:
3752:
3749:
3740:
3737:
3726:
3710:Rule of tincture
3427:Griffin/Keythong
3023:
2714:Officers of arms
2676:
2669:
2662:
2653:
2574:
2560:
2545:
2516:
2505:Woodcock, Thomas
2500:
2493:The Coat of Arms
2487:
2474:
2457:
2435:
2416:
2405:
2402:Armorial General
2393:
2384:
2365:
2351:
2335:
2324:
2315:
2303:
2296:Moncreiffe, Iain
2291:
2282:
2269:
2250:
2231:
2209:
2190:
2178:
2167:
2155:
2144:
2125:
2111:
2102:
2090:
2078:
2066:
2049:Boutell, Charles
2036:
2031:
2029:
2024:on 20 April 2011
2013:
1945:
1942:
1933:
1927:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1879:
1873:
1867:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1800:Cussans, John E.
1796:
1787:
1771:
1765:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1742:. Archived from
1740:The Coat of Arms
1732:
1721:
1714:
1708:
1699:Boutell, Charles
1696:
1690:
1689:
1681:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1646:
1634:
1627:
1609:Flag terminology
1597:St Mary's Church
1593:rule of tincture
1531:Rule of tincture
1381:English heraldry
1303:charges are the
1199:heraldic charges
1132:
1117:
1102:
1068:six-pointed star
994:Azure, a Bend Or
956:
950:
933:
848:
829:
810:
779:
566:argent and gules
561:half green), or
447:
444:
443:to blow (a horn)
441:
438:
429:
426:
423:
419:
309:
302:
295:
281:
280:
279:
268:
141:
134:
127:
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120:
114:
112:
71:
47:
39:
21:
4269:
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4264:
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4260:
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4234:
4233:
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4144:
4068:
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4037:
4029:
4021:
4013:
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3993:
3985:
3982:
3974:
3969:
3959:
3951:
3943:
3938:
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3927:
3918:
3915:
3906:
3903:
3892:
3830:
3821:
3818:
3809:
3806:
3797:
3794:
3785:
3782:
3773:
3770:
3759:
3750:
3747:
3738:
3735:
3724:
3692:
3658:Hungerford knot
3628:Cavendish/Savoy
3604:
3541:
3356:
3290:
3227:
3166:
3021:
2988:
2911:
2795:
2740:
2685:
2680:
2596:by Bruce Miller
2553:
2548:
2534:
2519:
2503:
2490:
2477:
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2438:
2432:
2419:
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2294:
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2272:
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2247:
2234:
2228:
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2206:
2193:
2187:
2170:
2164:
2147:
2128:
2114:
2105:
2093:
2081:
2069:
2047:
2027:
2025:
2016:
2005:
2002:
1987:Parker, James.
1948:
1943:
1936:
1928:
1924:
1916:
1912:
1904:
1900:
1892:
1888:
1880:
1876:
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1852:
1843:
1839:
1829:
1827:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1798:
1797:
1790:
1784:Wayback Machine
1772:
1768:
1763:
1759:
1749:
1747:
1736:"Blazon in CoA"
1734:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1711:
1697:
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1672:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1648:
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1551:
1545:
1539:
1471:
1465:
1424:
1418:
1300:
1294:
1221:
1215:
1207:Line (heraldry)
1183:
1169:
1164:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1124:
1118:
1109:
1103:
1082:); over all an
1038:Austria-Hungary
975:
943:a saltire undée
934:
927:
867:
860:
849:
840:
830:
821:
811:
802:
780:
760:College of Arms
461:Charles Boutell
454:
445:
442:
439:
427:
424:
421:
408:
313:
277:
275:
270:
269:
263:
256:
242:
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228:
221:
214:
207:
200:
193:
186:
179:
135:
124:
118:
115:
72:
70:
60:
48:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4267:
4265:
4257:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4236:
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4229:
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4143:
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4140:Trophy of arms
4137:
4132:
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4130:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4108:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4099:banner of arms
4091:
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3717:
3712:
3706:
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3698:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3683:Tristram/Bowen
3680:
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3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
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3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3298:
3296:
3292:
3291:
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3283:
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3277:
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3261:
3256:
3251:
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3233:
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3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
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3174:
3172:
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3165:
3164:
3159:
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3132:
3127:
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3117:
3112:
3107:
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3097:
3092:
3087:
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3077:
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3047:
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3014:
3009:
3004:
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2882:
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2870:
2860:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2843:
2838:
2837:
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2826:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2769:Ecclesiastical
2766:
2765:
2764:
2759:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2690:
2687:
2686:
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2679:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2643:
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2625:
2619:
2613:
2607:
2597:
2591:
2585:
2580:
2568:
2552:
2551:External links
2549:
2547:
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2488:
2475:
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2430:
2417:
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2394:
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2366:
2352:
2336:
2325:
2316:
2304:
2292:
2283:
2270:
2264:
2251:
2245:
2237:Scots Heraldry
2232:
2226:
2210:
2204:
2191:
2185:
2168:
2162:
2145:
2126:
2112:
2103:
2091:
2083:Dennys, Rodney
2079:
2071:Burke, Bernard
2067:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2014:
2001:
2000:
1985:
1970:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1946:
1934:
1932:, pp. 101
1922:
1910:
1906:Boutell (1890)
1898:
1886:
1874:
1862:
1850:
1846:Basic Heraldry
1837:
1811:
1788:
1773:Courtenay, P.
1766:
1757:
1722:
1709:
1691:
1679:"Blazon"
1676:, ed. (1911).
1674:Chisholm, Hugh
1665:
1656:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1604:
1601:
1541:Main article:
1538:
1535:
1495:bendy sinister
1467:Main article:
1464:
1461:
1420:Main article:
1417:
1414:
1296:Main article:
1293:
1290:
1217:Main article:
1214:
1211:
1179:Main article:
1168:
1165:
1160:Main article:
1157:
1154:
1149:Main article:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1125:
1119:
1112:
1110:
1104:
1097:
1042:
1041:
1030:
1011:
991:
974:
971:
967:a saltire undé
925:
866:
863:
862:
861:
850:
843:
841:
831:
824:
822:
812:
805:
803:
781:
774:
771:
770:
763:
739:
696:
689:
685:Counterchanged
681:
654:
636:
577:
539:
528:
453:
450:
407:
404:
398:, or the verb
315:
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10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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4239:
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4219:
4218:
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4207:
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4202:
4199:
4198:
4195:
4189:
4188:Sigillography
4186:
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4057:
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4054:
4048:
4042:
4036:
4034:
4028:
4026:
4020:
4018:
4012:
4009:
4002:
3999:
3992:
3990:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3956:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3941:
3935:
3926:
3923:
3914:
3911:
3902:
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3899:
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3887:
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3833:
3826:
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3805:
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3793:
3790:
3781:
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3769:
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3755:
3746:
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3734:
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3731:
3727:
3721:
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3716:
3713:
3711:
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3699:
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3598:
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3593:
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3588:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3558:Laurel wreath
3556:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3538:
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2567:at Wiktionary
2566:
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2533:0-7153-4464-1
2529:
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2431:9781844772247
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2273:Louda, JiĆĂ;
2271:
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2265:9780900455131
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2019:
2015:
2011:
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1997:0-8048-0715-9
1994:
1990:
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1982:0-900455-00-4
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1967:0-85115-711-4
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1557:displayed by
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959:J. E. Cussans
955:
949:
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939:a chief undée
931:
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905:
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897:cross fitchée
893:
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346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
323:and heraldic
322:
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97:
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90:
87:
83:
80: â
79:
75:
74:Find sources:
68:
64:
58:
57:
52:This article
50:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
19:
4178:Phaleristics
4111:Roll of arms
4077:Applications
3989:Bleu celeste
3975:Rare colours
3668:Ormonde/Wake
3553:Fleur-de-lis
3115:Inescutcheon
3080:Crozier head
2925:Coat of arms
2840:
2812:Augmentation
2719:King of Arms
2563:
2522:
2512:
2496:
2492:
2479:
2462:
2443:
2421:
2410:
2401:
2389:
2370:
2360:
2343:
2330:
2320:
2311:
2299:
2287:
2278:
2255:
2236:
2217:
2195:
2174:
2151:
2131:
2120:
2107:
2098:
2086:
2074:
2053:
2033:
2026:. Retrieved
2022:the original
2008:
1988:
1973:
1958:
1925:
1920:, p. 20
1913:
1901:
1896:, p. 60
1889:
1882:Friar (1987)
1877:
1870:Friar (1987)
1865:
1860:, p. 18
1853:
1845:
1840:
1828:. Retrieved
1824:
1814:
1804:
1775:
1769:
1760:
1748:. Retrieved
1744:the original
1739:
1717:
1712:
1703:
1694:
1683:
1668:
1659:
1636:
1632:"blazon, n."
1576:
1571:
1563:coat of arms
1552:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1472:
1457:inescutcheon
1454:
1447:
1438:
1427:
1425:
1401:fleur-de-lis
1378:
1355:
1353:
1301:
1286:
1258:inescutcheon
1254:
1222:
1184:
1156:Inescutcheon
1122:Ăstergötland
1076:Transylvania
1045:
1044:
1022:
1015:Ăstergötland
1005:
993:
986:
976:
966:
963:a chief undé
962:
942:
938:
936:
916:
912:
910:
906:
902:cross fitchy
901:
895:
891:
887:cross pattée
885:
883:
868:
851:
832:
813:
796:
782:
755:
751:
747:
743:
683:
677:
667:
663:
661:
647:
630:
626:
620:
616:
610:
606:
600:
596:
590:
586:
580:
573:
570:dexter chief
569:
562:
554:
550:
535:
522:
504:
489:
478:
467:
466:
455:
432:
411:
409:
399:
396:emblazonment
395:
391:
389:
374:
360:has its own
357:
353:
349:
344:
333:coat of arms
328:
318:
260:Coat of arms
258:
250:
244:
237:
230:
223:
216:
209:
202:
195:
188:
181:
174:
165:coat of arms
125:
116:
106:
99:
92:
85:
73:
61:Please help
56:verification
53:
29:
4249:Vexillology
4183:Vexillology
3944:Rare metals
3924:(blood red)
3522:Winged lion
3502:Sea-griffin
3437:Hippocampus
3370:Allocamelus
3012:Fimbriation
2940:Compartment
2917:Achievement
2885:Marshalling
2851:distinction
2709:Law of arms
2694:Authorities
2465:. Penguin.
1830:13 December
1750:26 December
1599:, Warwick.
1559:descendants
1515:barry-bendy
1443:dimidiation
1416:Marshalling
1054:Argent and
892:cross patty
837:Brandenburg
736:compartment
700:achievement
458:antiquarian
400:to emblazon
339:or similar
325:vexillology
232:Compartment
176:Escutcheon
157:achievement
4238:Categories
4128:equestrian
3912:(mulberry)
3638:Harrington
3568:Quatrefoil
3497:Salamander
3442:Hippogriff
3400:Cockatrice
3380:Amphiptere
3352:Wolfsangel
3332:Portcullis
3244:Black swan
3198:Camelopard
3027:Ordinaries
2945:Escutcheon
2895:impalement
2890:quartering
2873:variations
2791:Attributed
2729:pursuivant
2482:. London:
2012:. Pimbley.
1653:required.)
1615:References
1585:fess-point
1547:See also:
1519:paly-bendy
1450:quartering
1432:impalement
1362:Quadrupeds
1349:supporters
1321:wild boars
1248:, and the
1213:Ordinaries
1084:escutcheon
973:Complexity
875:adjectives
732:supporters
702:â such as
678:eradicated
496:escutcheon
362:vocabulary
144:Part of a
89:newspapers
4221:resources
4166:socialist
4089:Hatchment
4084:Bookplate
4064:Carnation
4051:Realistic
3864:Erminites
3702:Tinctures
3653:Hinckaert
3618:Bourchier
3472:Ouroboros
3457:Manticore
3362:Legendary
3337:Reremouse
3274:Przepaska
3203:Hind/stag
3193:Dog/hound
3002:Attitudes
2979:Supporter
2907:Societies
2868:divisions
2817:abatement
2471:878505764
1821:"Hungary"
1479:variation
1357:attitudes
1282:flaunches
1002:Grosvenor
913:appaumées
857:Churchill
818:Behnsdorf
693:quartered
672:(see the
664:displayed
662:An eagle
564:Quarterly
532:variation
479:However,
410:The word
406:Etymology
345:to blazon
190:Supporter
119:June 2009
4244:Heraldry
4173:Logotype
4116:Illyrian
3998:BrunĂątre
3922:Sanguine
3859:Erminois
3827:(purple)
3720:Hatching
3715:Tricking
3678:Stafford
3578:Shamrock
3527:Woodwose
3507:Sea-lion
3477:Pantheon
3452:Lindworm
3395:Chollima
3390:Biscione
3385:Basilisk
3307:Crapaudy
3208:Kangaroo
3070:Componée
3064:ĆÄkawica
2960:pavilion
2955:Mantling
2834:courtesy
2829:Alliance
2757:dominion
2752:National
2683:Heraldry
2542:02020303
2511:(1988).
2442:(1981).
2400:(1967).
2358:(1903).
2342:(1997).
2310:(1976).
2277:(1981).
2216:(1973).
2152:Heraldry
2141:09023803
2118:(1904).
2097:(1988).
2085:(1975).
2073:(1967).
1802:(1874).
1780:Archived
1603:See also
1589:in-chief
1577:brisures
1499:chevrony
1439:per pale
1385:crescent
1345:griffins
1341:unicorns
1325:martlets
1195:tincture
1135:Arms of
1120:Arms of
1107:Brittany
1105:Arms of
1072:Slavonia
1070:Or (for
1048:Dalmatia
1032:Arms of
1013:Arms of
983:Brittany
981:Arms of
926:â
855:Arms of
835:Arms of
816:Arms of
720:mantling
658:attitude
640:ordinary
559:sinister
519:tincture
358:blazonry
354:Blazonry
321:heraldry
211:Mantling
154:Heraldic
78:"Blazon"
18:Blazoned
4149:Related
4017:Cendrée
4000:(brown)
3854:Ermines
3825:Purpure
3815:(green)
3791:(black)
3764:Colours
3744:(white)
3648:Heneage
3590:Thistle
3583:Trefoil
3517:Unicorn
3492:Phoenix
3487:Pegasus
3482:Panther
3467:Musimon
3462:Mermaid
3447:Lampago
3417:Enfield
3410:Chinese
3347:Serpent
3342:Scallop
3312:Dolphin
3286:Pelican
3281:Martlet
3269:Szaszor
3239:Alerion
3213:Leopard
3188:Bull/ox
3162:Saltire
3150:Roundel
3125:Lozenge
3095:Flaunch
3060:Chevron
3050:Bordure
3035:Annulet
3007:Erasure
2994:Charges
2858:Canting
2846:Cadency
2807:Armiger
2781:Burgher
2734:private
2704:History
2063:6102523
1951:General
1581:charges
1568:armiger
1543:Cadency
1527:fusilly
1523:lozengy
1503:gyronny
1428:marshal
1397:annulet
1393:martlet
1366:passant
1333:Dragons
1292:Charges
1266:bordure
1246:saltire
1242:chevron
1137:Hungary
1088:Hungary
1060:Croatia
1050:); II.
1034:Hungary
1025:rampant
954:sautoir
921:bezants
708:coronet
632:purpure
543:divided
527:(blue).
521:; e.g.
473:laconic
452:Grammar
381:banners
366:grammar
103:scholar
4161:Emblem
4135:Tabard
4059:Proper
4038:
4033:Orange
4030:
4022:
4014:
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3955:Copper
3952:
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3910:Murrey
3907:
3904:
3897:Stains
3886:Potent
3849:Ermine
3822:
3819:
3810:
3807:
3803:(blue)
3798:
3795:
3786:
3783:
3774:
3771:
3756:(gold)
3751:
3748:
3742:Argent
3739:
3736:
3729:Metals
3595:Turnip
3546:Plants
3532:Wyvern
3422:Garuda
3405:Dragon
3375:Alphyn
3171:Beasts
3155:Bezant
3110:Hamade
3100:Goutte
3055:Canton
2972:slogan
2950:Helmet
2841:Blazon
2800:Topics
2724:herald
2564:blazon
2540:
2530:
2469:
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1995:
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1403:, and
1389:mullet
1327:, and
1280:, and
1276:, the
1274:canton
1272:, the
1268:, the
1260:, the
1244:, the
1240:, the
1236:, the
1232:, the
1228:, the
1203:nebuly
1191:shield
1145:Points
1139:(1867)
1064:Argent
1052:chequy
1019:Sweden
998:Scrope
988:Ermine
767:italic
756:argent
712:helmet
666:gules
644:charge
625:, and
592:argent
547:dexter
436:blasen
425:shield
417:blason
412:blazon
392:blazon
383:, and
377:badges
370:syntax
350:Blazon
341:emblem
329:blazon
252:slogan
239:Charge
218:Helmet
146:series
105:
98:
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4106:Badge
4025:Ochre
3934:Tenné
3801:Azure
3789:Sable
3779:(red)
3777:Gules
3673:Savoy
3633:Dacre
3623:Bowen
3610:Knots
3512:Tyger
3432:Harpy
3317:Emmet
3295:Other
3264:Eagle
3232:Birds
3120:Label
3105:Gyron
3085:Chief
3075:Cross
3017:Lines
2984:Torse
2967:Motto
2935:Crest
2880:Fraud
2863:Field
2786:Women
2774:papal
2762:civic
2745:Types
2602:, an
2499:(84).
2041:Books
1647:
1587:, or
1491:bendy
1483:barry
1475:field
1409:cadet
1317:stags
1313:eagle
1305:cross
1278:label
1270:chief
1226:cross
1189:of a
1187:field
1080:Fiume
1058:(for
1056:Gules
941:and
900:or a
890:or a
879:nouns
784:Azure
728:motto
724:crest
716:torse
704:crown
668:armed
627:purp.
622:sable
612:azure
602:gules
551:chief
524:Azure
515:comma
511:field
492:fonts
385:seals
246:Motto
225:Crown
204:Torse
197:Crest
183:Field
110:JSTOR
96:books
4123:Seal
4094:Flag
4041:Rose
4008:Buff
3964:Buff
3881:Vair
3869:Pean
3836:Furs
3813:Vert
3688:Wake
3663:Lacy
3573:Rose
3537:Yale
3327:Lucy
3259:Dove
3254:Crow
3249:Cock
3223:Wolf
3218:Lion
3183:Boar
3178:Bear
3145:Pile
3140:Pall
3135:Pale
3130:Orle
3090:Fess
3045:Bend
2538:LCCN
2528:ISBN
2467:OCLC
2448:ISBN
2426:ISBN
2375:ISBN
2260:ISBN
2241:ISBN
2222:ISBN
2200:ISBN
2181:ISBN
2158:ISBN
2137:LCCN
2059:OCLC
2030:2011
1993:ISBN
1978:ISBN
1963:ISBN
1832:2007
1752:2017
1555:arms
1525:and
1511:undy
1505:and
1487:paly
1473:The
1405:rose
1383:the
1337:bats
1329:fish
1311:and
1309:lion
1262:orle
1250:pall
1238:bend
1234:pale
1230:fess
1185:The
1000:and
965:and
951:and
948:chef
917:main
894:; a
788:bend
786:, a
734:and
650:bend
629:for
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609:for
599:for
589:for
368:and
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327:, a
249:(or
82:news
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3040:Bar
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1493:or
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652:or.
617:sa.
607:az.
597:gu.
587:ar.
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