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282:. It is relatively small, with a mantle up to 45 millimetres (1.8 in) in length. In its relaxed state, it is a mottled yellow-brown with dark blue or black streaks covering the whole body apart from the underside of its arms, but its vibrant blue markings appear as a warning to predators when it feels threatened. Along with its other closely related species, the blue-lined octopus is regarded as one of the most dangerous animals in the sea, and its
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30 days after the encounter. During the 30 days, the female octopus hides her eggs under her arms and does not leave her hiding spot until the eggs hatch. After laying her eggs, the female octopus dies. These eggs are large and produce benthic hatchlings, development for these hatchlings takes about
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This tetrodotoxin known as TTX has been located in the posterior salivatory gland, anterior salvatory gland, arm, mantle, digestive glands, testes, brachial heart, nephridia, gill, and oviducal gland in blue-lined octopuses. With TTX being located in the brachial heart, nephridia, and gills it
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Blue-lined octopus are commonly found off the coast of
Australia inhabiting shallow tropical and subtropical reef waters. However, in recent years they have been found to distribute throughout the Pacific Ocean. They have been recorded of the east coast of Japan, as well as off the coast of
376:. However, the species is more likely to flee and find shelter in an encounter due to their extremely shy nature. Nonetheless, there have been at least three reported human deaths from the blue-lined octopus. It poses most danger to those who pick up the octopus and physically touch it.
329:. They often hide in crevices of reefs, empty seashells, and other ocean resources they can find to conceal their identity. Blue-lined octopuses are known to be nocturnal hunters, while other species in the genus such as the greater blue-ringed octopus (
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is known to be diurnal hunter. Prey for blue-lined octopuses mostly consists of crustaceans and stomatopods, however in captivity they have been recorded to eat live fish, suggesting they do in the wild as well. They do not use their venom (known as
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The blue-lined octopus is about the size of a golf ball, having a mantle length of 45mm, it is the smallest out of the four species that make up the genus. While at rest blue-lined octopus are highly camouflaged, due to the presence of
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signals to display bright blue lines to predators. When it is resting, Its passive colors range from a light grey to beige. The visceral hump in blue-lined octopus is regularly pointed. When looking at blue-lined octopus they portray
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If a human is bitten by the octopus, the bite may not be felt at first due to the small injection apparatus of the octopus. After some time, symptoms of the injection include loss of feeling in the tongue/lips,
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Island in Korea in 2015. This can suggest that the warming of ocean water has caused a shift in suitable habitat for these octopus, this shift is important to monitor as if can aid is public health and safety.
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suggests that there is a transport mechanism for TTX in the blood. TTX is known to be one of the most powerful marine biotoxins to humans, this is only released through a bite, or ingestion. Furthermore
313:. The blue-lined octopus is the only species of the four to display lined iridescent blue marking, as opposed to circular iridescent blue marking that the three other species tend to exhibit.
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400:. The tetrodotoxin in blue-lined octopuses is so lethal that it has been estimated that the venom from a single 25-gram octopus can kill about ten 75-kilogram humans.
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617:"Distribution, ontogenetic profile, and anti-predator efficacy of tetrodotoxin in two species of blue-ringed octopuses (hapalochlaena lunulata and H. fasciata)"
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469:
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500:"First reliable record of he blue-lined octopus, Hapalochlaena fasciata (Hoyle, 1886) (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), from Jeju Island, Korea"
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274:. It is most commonly found around intertidal rocky shores and coastal waters to a depth of 15 metres (49 ft) between southern
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is the only genus to produce this biotoxin, which is thought to have played an important role in the evolution of the species.
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768:"Tetrodotoxin and the Geographic Distribution of the Blue-Lined Octopus Hapalochlaena fasciata on the Korean Coast"
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and mate from a distance like other octopus species. If they are successful, the female octopus will lay 50 to 100
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at a year old. During breeding male blue-lined octopus will seek and mount females, they do not extend the
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338:) to kill their prey, but instead trap it inside their arms and pierce them with its parrot-like beak.
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666:"Death in the octopus' garden: fatal blue-lined octopus envenomations of adult green sea turtles"
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Townsend, Altvater, Thomas, Schuyler, Nette, Kathy, Jens, Michael, Qatar, Geoffrey (March 2012).
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Kim, Ji-Hoe; Kim, Dong-Wook; Cho, Sung-Rae; Lee, Ka-Jeong; Mok, Jong-Soo (April 2004).
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Blue-lined octopuses can be very lethal to humans. Their saliva contain a special
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can be fatal to humans. This benthic octopus is one of four members of the genus
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Kim, Kwun, Bae, Park, Hey, Hyuck, Hanna, Jinsoon (March 2018).
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under the skin they can rapidly change body coloration, using
266:. It can be found in Pacific Ocean waters that stretch from
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Blue-lined octopuses tend to swim around shallow areas of
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636:"A Review of Blue-ringed Octopus Conservation"
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720:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
520:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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470:Global Biodiversity Information Facility
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747:from the original on 17 September 2010
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1072:IUCN Red List least concern species
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416:The blue-lined octopuses start
16:Species of venomous cephalopod
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1082:Cephalopods described in 1886
634:Lambert, William (May 2011).
584:"Greater Blue-ringed Octopus"
299:southern blue-ringed octopus
292:greater blue-ringed octopus
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582:Pacific, Aquarium of the.
311:Hapalochlaena nierstraszi)
682:10.1007/s00227-011-1846-9
588:www.aquariumofpacific.org
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70:Scientific classification
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303:Hapalochlaena maculosa),
296:Hapalochlaena lunulata),
735:Allan, Brownyn (2019).
615:Williams, B.L. (2008).
504:Journal of Asia-Pacific
893:Hapalochlaena_fasciata
880:Hapalochlaena_fasciata
866:Hapalochlaena fasciata
836:Hapalochlaena fasciata
785:10.3390/toxins15040279
463:Hapalochlaena fasciata
252:Hapalochlaena fasciata
179:Hapalochlaena fasciata
737:"Blue Ringed octopus"
549:The Australian Museum
264:blue-ringed octopuses
545:"Blue-lined Octopus"
390:respiratory failure
307:blue-ringed octopus
40:Conservation status
24:Blue-lined octopus
247:blue-lined octopus
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749:. Retrieved
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516:cite journal
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474:. Retrieved
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433:Distribution
429:two months.
422:hectocotylus
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412:Reproduction
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386:paralyzation
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374:tetrodotoxin
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336:tetrodotoxin
331:H. Lunulata)
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1031:SeaLifeBase
940:iNaturalist
860:Wikispecies
418:reproducing
323:coral reefs
236:Brock, 1887
228:Hoyle, 1886
137:Octopodidae
117:Cephalopoda
1066:Categories
778:(4): 279.
751:27 January
593:27 January
554:21 January
447:References
370:neurotoxin
353:aposematic
327:tide pools
276:Queensland
259:of highly
1077:Octopuses
794:2072-6651
708:253740032
648:871101826
364:Lethality
268:Australia
155:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
958:11125686
851:Q2120872
845:Wikidata
812:37104217
803:10145357
745:Archived
700:24391271
644:ProQuest
640:ProQuest
621:ProQuest
510:: 21–24.
342:Features
317:Behavior
305:and the
261:venomous
225:fasciata
213:fasciata
192:Synonyms
133:Family:
127:Octopoda
107:Mollusca
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
932:2289328
691:3873062
372:called
257:species
211:subsp.
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
1049:342332
1023:252316
1010:342332
997:264556
984:162975
971:556206
945:520718
906:211835
810:
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772:Toxins
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646:
476:26 May
1044:WoRMS
1036:57125
953:IRMNG
919:6LBGN
704:S2CID
398:death
284:venom
272:Japan
223:var.
1005:OBIS
992:NCBI
979:IUCN
966:ITIS
927:GBIF
901:BOLD
808:PMID
790:ISSN
753:2021
722:link
696:PMID
595:2021
556:2021
522:link
478:2021
440:Jeju
426:eggs
325:and
245:The
914:CoL
888:AFD
875:ADW
798:PMC
780:doi
686:PMC
678:doi
674:159
270:to
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