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Himalayan varieties have the reputation for being difficult to grow from seed, but when germinating new plants, using fresh seeds will help. These plants are available in a variety of strong colours, including blue, red, orange, purple, white and yellow depending on species and cultivar.
388:. There is also uncertainty over the number of species, as many readily hybridise with each other producing viable seed. It is likely that some individually named species are in fact a single species but with an under-appreciated morphological diversity.
519:
members of the subfamily
Papaveroideae form a monophyletic clade. However, they have sometimes left relationships within this clade unresolved. A 2014 study found that neither
2475:
2514:
1677:
2423:
2217:"First European record of Chryseococcus arecae (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Stemorrhyncha, Pseudococcidae), a hypogeal mealybug pest of ornamental plants"
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2436:
367:. In the 21st century, it was discovered that the Himalayan species were less closely related to the Welsh poppy, which has been restored to
459:, then the only species. Later, when mainly blue-flowered poppy-like species with styles like the Welsh poppy were discovered in the
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1981:
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1954:"Dancing Butterflies of the East Himalayas New Meconopsis Species from East Bhutan, Arunachal Pradesh and South Tibet"
1561:
471:
studies from 1995 onwards showed that the Welsh poppy was not closely related to the
Himalayan species, but rather to
53:
167:
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79:
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993:
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495:, all the Himalayan species would have to be placed in this genus as well. In 2012, it was proposed that
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Liu, Yu-Cheng; Liu, Ya-Nan; Yang, Fu-Sheng & Wang, Xiao-Quan (2014). "Molecular
Phylogeny of Asian
1288:
68:
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291:
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1805:
1753:
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417:
and its species have a complex taxonomic history. A European species was first described in 1753 by
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2033:
1065:
2596:
1934:
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1529:
1380:
377:
are native to the
Himalayas and surrounding regions. They have attractive, usually blue flowers.
162:
2059:
435:
species lacked one, having only a "stigmatic disc" (i.e. a disc-shaped region on the top of the
258:
2537:
2480:
2358:
1833:
1734:
Kadereit, Joachim W.; Preston, Chris D. & Valtueña, Francisco J. (2011). "Is Welsh Poppy,
1370:
423:
344:
2578:
2542:
2283:
1961:
1926:
1864:
1823:
1813:
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resolves Clade III as the sister of Clades I and II. It was suggested that the generic name
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428:
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93:
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500:
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299:
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1773:
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remains unsettled. Although many sources recognize the genus, others sink it into
2588:
1818:
2506:
2449:
2330:
2246:
1966:
1953:
1913:
Xiao, Wei & Simpson, Beryl B. (2017). "A New
Infrageneric Classification of
1620:
35:
2321:
782:
392:
1930:
2384:
754:
should be retained for Clade I, and Clade V should be treated as the genus
747:
516:
460:
360:
2568:
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17:
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1443:
A further species was described after Xiao and
Simpson's classification:
772:
218:
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was split into two clades, a large one which the authors called section
2428:
1868:
1549:
479:
proposed that
Linnaeus's original name should be restored. However, as
369:
1679:
Histoire
Naturelle, médicale et économique des Pavots et des Argémones
1560:
The following cultivars, of mixed or uncertain heritage, have won the
810:. On the basis of a further molecular phylogenetic study they divided
2454:
440:
2467:
2292:
1645:
338:
in 1814 for the species known by the common name Welsh poppy, which
1958:
Sibbaldia: The
International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture
2389:
1701:
402:
395:
and as such are notoriously difficult to maintain in cultivation.
179:
2376:
1851:
Grey-Wilson, Christopher (2012). "Proposal to conserve the name
1682:(D.Med. thesis) (in French and Latin). University of Montpellier
2296:
1917:(Papaveraceae) Based on a Well-supported Molecular Phylogeny".
1796:
Based on
Nuclear Ribosomal and Chloroplast DNA Sequence Data".
2215:
Malumphy, Chris; Stevens, Evelyn; Williams, Douglas J (2014).
29:
2277:
1952:
Yangzom, Rinchen; Long, David; Yoshida, Toshio (2017-01-17).
463:
and neighbouring regions, they were also placed in the genus
27:
Genus of flowering plants in the poppy family Papaveraceae
543:, containing four of the species included in the study.
762:
non-monophyletic. An alternative approach, adopted by
2305:
515:Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that the
330:is a genus of flowering plants in the poppy family
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1787:
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427:, commonly known as the Welsh poppy. It has a
443:). On the basis of this difference, in 1814,
363:species discovered later were also placed in
8:
2280:specialized website - includes further links
1908:
1906:
1552:, in a partially shaded sheltered position.
2293:
1548:All meconopsis require an acid or neutral
348:. The genus name means "poppy-like" (from
144:
133:
2194:'Susan's Reward' (George Sherriff Group)"
2142:'P.C. Abildgaard' (Infertile Blue Group)"
1986:'Bobby Masterton' (Infertile Blue Group)"
1965:
1827:
1817:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1597:'Susan's Reward' (George Sherriff Group)
1591:'P.C. Abildgaard' (Infertile Blue Group)
1573:'Bobby Masterton' (Infertile Blue Group)
766:and since largely reversed, was to sink
2168:'Slieve Donard' (Infertile Blue Group)"
1855:(Papaveraceae) with a conserved type".
1632:
491:, if the Welsh poppy was moved back to
1594:'Slieve Donard' (Infertile Blue Group)
1517:(Hand.-Mazz.) G.Taylor ex Hand.-Mazz.
7:
2530:6a6a25af-b8b1-4ae0-b0f2-1164f88d492a
1623:may occur on seedling grown plants.
1458:Xiao and Simpson placed four former
1453:Tosh.Yoshida, Yangzom & D.G.Long
334:. It was created by French botanist
58:adding citations to reliable sources
2012:'Dalemain' (George SHerriff Group)"
581:
574:
567:
560:
553:
546:
507:. This proposal has been accepted.
2556:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30149252-2
2116:'Mrs Jebb' (Infertile Blue Group)"
1738:(L.) Vig. (Papaveraceae), truly a
1615:has been affected by the invasive
1576:'Dalemain' (George Sherriff Group)
1474:(Bureau & Franch.) Grey-Wilson
1231:Tosh.Yoshida, H.Sun & Boufford
1181:Tosh.Yoshida, H.Sun & Boufford
391:A large proportion of species are
25:
1588:'Mrs Jebb' (Infertile Blue Group)
1375:L.Z.An, Shu Y.Chen & Y.S.Lian
1211:Tosh.Yoshida, H.Sun & Bouford
928:C.Y.Wu & H.Chuang ex L.H.Zhou
798:In 2017, Xiao and Simpson raised
431:, while all other then described
2090:'Mop-Head' (Fertile Blue Group)"
1766:10.1179/204234811X13194453002742
166:
34:
1711:International Plant Names Index
1656:International Plant Names Index
1585:'Mop-Head' (Fertile Blue Group)
1293:(H.A.Cummins & Prain) Fedde
45:needs additional citations for
1491:(Franch. ex Prain) Grey-Wilson
1:
315:
1892:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1819:10.1371/journal.pone.0104823
716:– four species in the study
373:. All species now placed in
2252:Royal Horticultural Society
1967:10.24823/Sibbaldia.2016.193
1562:Royal Horticultural Society
475:species. In 2011, Kadereit
2646:
1890:Plants of the World Online
1479:Meconopsis chelidoniifolia
1411:Meconopsis quintuplinervia
764:Plants of the World Online
1471:Cathcartia chelidonifolia
844:Meconopsis chankheliensis
758:. This would still leave
706:
664:
640:
611:
586:
579:
572:
565:
558:
551:
313:
308:
289:
282:
163:Scientific classification
161:
152:
143:
136:
1931:10.1600/036364417X695466
1676:Viguier, L.G.A. (1814).
1421:Meconopsis simplicifolia
1361:Meconopsis betonicifolia
1329:Meconopsis zang-nanensis
1197:Meconopsis pseudovenusta
1082:(doubtfully placed here)
1391:Meconopsis integrifolia
1259:Meconopsis argemonantha
1227:Meconopsis yaoshanensis
954:Meconopsis simikotensis
924:Meconopsis pinnatifolia
894:Meconopsis manasluensis
806:(Clade V) to the genus
401:species do not produce
2289:visual reference guide
2221:Entomologist's Gazette
1319:Meconopsis wumungensis
904:Meconopsis napaulensis
874:Meconopsis ganeshensis
469:molecular phylogenetic
1745:New Journal of Botany
1566:Award of Garden Merit
1496:Meconopsis oliveriana
1488:Cathcartia oliveriana
1462:species in the genus
1449:Meconopsis gakyidiana
1431:Meconopsis sherriffii
1157:Meconopsis lancifolia
1141:Hook.f. & Thomson
964:Meconopsis staintonii
948:Hook.f. & Thomson
914:Meconopsis paniculata
884:Meconopsis gracilipes
834:Meconopsis autumnalis
666:Clade IV – remaining
535:, and a smaller one,
1617:golden root mealybug
1513:Meconopsis smithiana
1505:Cathcartia smithiana
1483:Bureau & Franch.
1299:Meconopsis primulina
1279:Meconopsis florindae
1207:Meconopsis pulchella
1177:Meconopsis muscicola
1167:Meconopsis latifolia
1137:Meconopsis horridula
1131:Bureau & Franch.
1107:Meconopsis forrestii
1024:Meconopsis wallichii
864:Meconopsis discigera
814:into four sections.
503:, with the new type
54:improve this article
2630:Papaveraceae genera
1810:2014PLoSO...9j4823L
1758:2011NJBot...1...80K
1736:Meconopsis cambrica
1187:Meconopsis neglecta
1147:Meconopsis impedita
1097:Meconopsis delavayi
1087:Meconopsis concinna
1076:Meconopsis bikramii
1066:Meconopsis aculeata
1034:Meconopsis wilsonii
1014:Meconopsis violacea
1004:Meconopsis torquata
994:Meconopsis tibetica
984:Meconopsis taylorii
670:species, including
527:were monophyletic.
481:Meconopsis cambrica
457:Meconopsis cambrica
1869:10.1002/tax.612026
1603:Pests and diseases
1534:(Hook.f.) G.Taylor
1530:Meconopsis villosa
1522:Cathcartia villosa
1401:Meconopsis punicea
1381:Meconopsis grandis
1309:Meconopsis sinuata
1217:Meconopsis venusta
1127:Meconopsis henrici
1117:Meconopsis georgei
974:Meconopsis superba
944:Meconopsis robusta
854:Meconopsis dhwojii
2612:
2611:
2538:Open Tree of Life
2299:Taxon identifiers
1919:Systematic Botany
1704:Papaver cambricum
1535:
1526:
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1501:
1492:
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1454:
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1386:
1376:
1371:Meconopsis biloba
1366:
1351:
1334:
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1304:
1294:
1289:Meconopsis lyrata
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672:P. cambricum
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451:to his new genus
449:P. cambricum
424:Papaver cambricum
345:Papaver cambricum
342:had described as
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16:(Redirected from
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499:should become a
380:The taxonomy of
292:Meconopsis regia
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991:
986:
985:
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978:King ex Prain
976:
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951:
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542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
510:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
487:of the genus
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
445:Louis Viguier
442:
439:receptive to
438:
434:
430:
426:
425:
420:
419:Carl Linnaeus
416:
408:
406:
404:
400:
396:
394:
389:
387:
383:
378:
376:
372:
371:
366:
362:
358:
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341:
340:Carl Linnaeus
337:
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288:
285:
281:
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264:
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254:
253:
250:
249:Papaveroideae
247:
244:
243:
240:
237:
234:
233:
230:
227:
224:
223:
220:
217:
214:
211:
210:
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198:
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193:Tracheophytes
191:
188:
185:
184:
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178:
175:
174:
169:
164:
160:
156:
151:
147:
142:
139:
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132:
124:
121:
113:
110:November 2013
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2306:
2286:
2257:. Retrieved
2250:
2247:"Meconopsis"
2241:
2229:. Retrieved
2224:
2220:
2210:
2198:. Retrieved
2191:
2184:
2172:. Retrieved
2165:
2158:
2146:. Retrieved
2139:
2132:
2120:. Retrieved
2113:
2106:
2094:. Retrieved
2087:
2080:
2068:. Retrieved
2061:
2054:
2042:. Retrieved
2035:
2028:
2016:. Retrieved
2009:
2002:
1990:. Retrieved
1983:
1976:
1957:
1947:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1894:. Retrieved
1889:
1884:
1877:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1752:(2): 80–88.
1749:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1715:. Retrieved
1708:
1703:
1696:
1684:. Retrieved
1678:
1671:
1660:. Retrieved
1653:
1647:
1612:
1606:
1559:
1547:
1543:
1528:
1521:
1511:
1504:
1494:
1487:
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1470:
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1429:
1419:
1409:
1399:
1389:
1379:
1369:
1359:
1346:
1342:
1327:
1317:
1307:
1297:
1287:
1283:Kingdon-Ward
1277:
1267:
1257:
1244:
1240:
1225:
1215:
1205:
1195:
1185:
1175:
1165:
1155:
1145:
1135:
1125:
1115:
1105:
1095:
1085:
1074:
1064:
1051:
1047:
1032:
1022:
1018:Kingdon-Ward
1012:
1002:
992:
982:
972:
962:
952:
942:
932:
922:
912:
902:
892:
882:
872:
862:
852:
842:
832:
822:
818:
811:
807:
804:Eucathcartia
803:
799:
797:
787:
781:
777:
771:
767:
759:
755:
751:
745:
714:Eucathcartia
713:
709:
707:
675:
671:
667:
665:
651:
648:Argemonidium
647:
643:
642:Clade III –
641:
618:
614:
612:
597:
594:Eumeconopsis
593:
589:
587:
541:Eucathcartia
540:
536:
533:Eumeconopsis
532:
528:
524:
520:
514:
504:
496:
492:
488:
485:type species
480:
476:
472:
464:
456:
452:
448:
447:transferred
432:
422:
414:
412:
398:
397:
390:
385:
381:
379:
374:
368:
364:
356:
352:
343:
332:Papaveraceae
326:
325:
324:
314:
298:
290:
284:Type species
269:
268:
239:Papaveraceae
229:Ranunculales
212:
199:
186:
154:
153:Blue poppy (
137:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
69:"Meconopsis"
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2450:iNaturalist
2331:Wikispecies
2038:'Keillour'"
1621:Damping off
1540:Cultivation
1508:Hand.-Mazz.
1038:Grey-Wilson
998:Grey-Wilson
968:Grey-Wilson
958:Grey-Wilson
878:Grey-Wilson
848:Grey-Wilson
613:Clade II –
467:. However,
245:Subfamily:
206:Angiosperms
2625:Meconopsis
2619:Categories
2468:30149252-2
2337:Meconopsis
2307:Meconopsis
2287:Meconopsis
2192:Meconopsis
2166:Meconopsis
2140:Meconopsis
2114:Meconopsis
2088:Meconopsis
2062:Meconopsis
2036:Meconopsis
2010:Meconopsis
1984:Meconopsis
1915:Meconopsis
1896:2021-02-02
1853:Meconopsis
1794:Meconopsis
1740:Meconopsis
1717:2021-01-31
1691:pp. 48–49.
1686:2021-02-02
1662:2021-01-31
1648:Meconopsis
1627:References
1613:Meconopsis
1579:'Keillour'
1464:Cathcartia
1460:Meconopsis
1343:Meconopsis
1245:Primulinae
1241:Meconopsis
1048:Meconopsis
823:Meconopsis
819:Meconopsis
812:Meconopsis
808:Cathcartia
800:Meconopsis
783:Cathcartia
778:Stylomecon
768:Meconopsis
756:Cathcartia
752:Meconopsis
710:Meconopsis
708:Clade V –
676:Stylomecon
598:Meconopsis
590:Meconopsis
588:Clade I –
537:Meconopsis
529:Meconopsis
521:Meconopsis
497:Meconopsis
489:Meconopsis
465:Meconopsis
453:Meconopsis
415:Meconopsis
413:The genus
399:Meconopsis
393:monocarpic
382:Meconopsis
375:Meconopsis
365:Meconopsis
327:Meconopsis
300:typ. cons.
297:G.Taylor (
270:Meconopsis
259:Papavereae
155:Meconopsis
138:Meconopsis
80:newspapers
18:Blue poppy
2259:4 October
2231:4 October
2200:6 January
2174:6 January
2148:6 January
2122:6 January
2096:6 January
2070:6 January
2044:6 January
2018:6 January
1992:6 January
1650:Vig."
1556:Cultivars
1052:Aculeatae
748:cladogram
619:Meconella
517:Old World
511:Phylogeny
461:Himalayas
361:Himalayan
176:Kingdom:
2586:VASCAN:
2569:40015350
2564:Tropicos
2322:Q1414316
2316:Wikidata
2064:'Marit'"
1939:91152469
1838:25118100
1798:PLOS ONE
1774:84167424
1435:G.Taylor
1333:L.H.Zhou
1323:K.M.Feng
1201:G.Taylor
1191:G.Taylor
1121:G.Taylor
938:G.Taylor
898:P A.Egan
888:G.Taylor
858:G.Taylor
838:P.A.Egan
794:Sections
773:Roemeria
652:Roemeria
646:section
617:section
600:species
592:section
483:was the
409:Taxonomy
359:alike).
316:See text
309:Species
235:Family:
219:Eudicots
2579:5791293
2481:1345136
2429:7153468
2377:2878575
2227:: 30–36
1885:Papaver
1829:4130606
1806:Bibcode
1754:Bibcode
1607:In the
1582:'Marit'
1550:soil pH
1525:Hook.f.
1365:Franch.
1347:Grandes
1161:Franch.
788:Papaver
760:Papaver
674:, plus
668:Papaver
644:Papaver
615:Papaver
596:– most
525:Papaver
493:Papaver
473:Papaver
433:Papaver
386:Papaver
370:Papaver
355:poppy,
336:Viguier
265:Genus:
255:Tribe:
225:Order:
180:Plantae
94:scholar
2576:uBio:
2543:878927
2527:NZOR:
2494:895473
2416:119934
2403:119934
2351:291820
2255:. 2018
1937:
1836:
1826:
1772:
1405:Maxim.
1345:sect.
1243:sect.
1050:sect.
821:sect.
802:sect.
712:sect.
539:sect.
477:et al.
441:pollen
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2589:29063
2520:72195
2476:IRMNG
2455:60866
2390:1MEPG
2364:62ZHP
2196:. RHS
2170:. RHS
2144:. RHS
2118:. RHS
2092:. RHS
2066:. RHS
2040:. RHS
2014:. RHS
1988:. RHS
1935:S2CID
1857:Taxon
1770:S2CID
1415:Regel
1385:Prain
1350:Fedde
1313:Prain
1303:Prain
1273:Prain
1263:Prain
1248:Fedde
1221:Prain
1171:Prain
1151:Prain
1111:Prain
1091:Prain
1080:Aswal
1070:Royle
1055:Fedde
1028:Hook.
1008:Prain
918:Prain
868:Prain
786:into
650:plus
437:ovary
429:style
403:opium
357:opsis
353:mekon
350:Greek
213:Clade
200:Clade
187:Clade
157:sp.)
101:JSTOR
87:books
2551:POWO
2515:NCBI
2489:ITIS
2463:IPNI
2442:7359
2437:GRIN
2424:GBIF
2385:EPPO
2346:BOLD
2261:2018
2233:2018
2202:2021
2176:2021
2150:2021
2124:2021
2098:2021
2072:2021
2046:2021
2020:2021
1994:2021
1834:PMID
1742:?".
1709:The
1654:The
780:and
523:nor
276:Vig.
73:news
2597:WFO
2502:NBN
2411:FoC
2398:FNA
2372:EoL
2359:CoL
1962:doi
1927:doi
1887:L."
1865:doi
1824:PMC
1814:doi
1762:doi
1706:L."
1568::-
1564:'s
908:DC.
455:as
421:as
56:by
2621::
2599::
2566::
2553::
2540::
2517::
2504::
2491::
2478::
2465::
2452::
2439::
2426::
2413::
2400::
2387::
2374::
2361::
2348::
2333::
2318::
2285:A
2249:.
2225:65
2223:.
2219:.
1956:.
1933:.
1923:42
1921:.
1905:^
1861:61
1859:.
1832:.
1822:.
1812:.
1800:.
1782:^
1768:.
1760:.
1748:.
1726:^
1652:.
1635:^
1619:.
1611:,
1527:=
1510:=
1493:=
1476:=
1466::
790:.
776:,
770:,
405:.
318:.
215::
202::
189::
2263:.
2235:.
2204:.
2190:"
2178:.
2164:"
2152:.
2138:"
2126:.
2112:"
2100:.
2086:"
2074:.
2060:"
2048:.
2034:"
2022:.
2008:"
1996:.
1982:"
1970:.
1964::
1941:.
1929::
1899:.
1883:"
1871:.
1867::
1840:.
1816::
1808::
1802:9
1776:.
1764::
1756::
1750:1
1720:.
1702:"
1689:.
1665:.
1646:"
303:)
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
