250:
that were 50 years old or more. The statutes governing the Boden chair were revised by the commissioners in 1882; there was no mention thereafter of Joseph Boden's original proselytising purpose. The professor was required to "deliver lectures and give instruction on the
Sanskrit Language and Literature", to contribute towards the pursuit and advancement of knowledge, and to "aid generally the work of the University." He had to provide instruction for at least four days each week during at least twenty-one weeks each year, without further fee, to all students who had given him "reasonable notice" of attending, and to deliver public lectures. Instead of election by Convocation, the new statutes provided that the electors would be the
232:, the science of language. Williams laid great stress in his campaign on Boden's intention that the holder should assist in converting India through dissemination of the Christian scriptures. Müller's view was that his work was of great value to missionaries, and published testimonials accordingly, but was also a worthy end in itself. The rival campaigns took out newspaper advertisements and circulated manifestos, and different newspapers backed each man. The election came at a time of public debate about Britain's role in India particularly after the
237:
liberal
Christian views. Some of the newspaper pronouncements in favour of Williams were based on a claimed national interest of having an Englishman as Boden professor to assist with the work of governing and converting India. As the religious historian Gwilym Beckerlegge has stated, "voting for the Boden Chair was increasingly taking on the appearance of being a test of patriotism." At the end of the hard-fought campaign, Williams won by a majority of over 220 votes.
29:
194:, since 1820. Despite his abilities as a scholar, Wilson was seen by some in the university as too close to Hindu leaders to be appointed to a post which had the purpose of helping to convert India to Christianity, and his links to the theatrical world in Calcutta were considered to be disreputable. Nevertheless, he defeated Mill by 207 votes to 200 when the election was held on 15 March 1832. Another candidate,
2265:
121:] language, at or in any or either of the Colleges in the said University, being of opinion that a more general and critical knowledge of that language will be a means of enabling my countrymen to proceed in the conversion of the natives of India to the Christian Religion, by disseminating a knowledge of the Sacred Scriptures amongst them, more effectually than all other means whatsoever."
202:), had earlier withdrawn from the election in favour of Wilson (one of his former pupils) as they had many friends in common and he did not want to split their loyalties. For his "candid and honourable conduct" throughout the election he received a written address of appreciation signed by two hundred members of the university, including professors and the heads of seven of the colleges.
115:"I do hereby give and bequeath all and singular my said residuary estate and effects, with the accumulations thereof, if any, and the stocks, funds, and securities whereon the same shall have been laid out and invested, unto the University of Oxford, to be by that body appropriated in and towards the erection and endowment of a Professorship in the Shanskreet [
145:, Portugal, for the sake of his health, and died there on 21 November 1811. His daughter Elizabeth died in August 1827, and Boden's will provided that his estate should then pass to the University of Oxford to establish a professorship in Sanskrit. His purpose, as set out in his will dated 15 August 1811, was to convert the
1509:
1234:
439:(classics) at Oxford, also winning scholarships in German, Chinese and Sanskrit. After lecturing in German and Sanskrit at Oxford and obtaining his doctorate from Leipzig, he was appointed as deputy to Monier-Williams in 1888, succeeding him in 1899. Macdonell developed the library and museum of the
339:
en route to India to work for the East India
Company, where he studied Sanskrit and other languages. He published articles in the journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, of which he was secretary for 21 years. Opposing compulsory Christian tuition for Indian students, he favoured traditional Indian
78:
was hotly contested, as the rivals each claimed to be best at fulfilling Boden's intentions and presented different views about the nature and purpose of
Sanskrit scholarship. Reforms of Oxford implemented in 1882 removed all mention of Boden's original purpose from the statutes, removed the power to
249:
continued a process of reform imposed by
Parliament that had begun in the middle of the 19th century, and empowered a group of commissioners to lay down new statutes for the university and its colleges. The commissioners' powers included the ability to rewrite trusts and directions attached to gifts
533:
from 1909 to 1924, acquiring a knowledge of Indian language and culture which he improved on his return to
England. He also learnt some Tibetan and Chinese to use sources in those languages. His writings drew upon his practical knowledge of Indian life. His main work was an edition and translation
273:
Further changes to the university's internal legislation in the 20th and early 21st centuries abolished specific statutes for the duties of, and rules for appointment to, individual chairs such as the Boden professorship. The
University Council is now empowered to make appropriate arrangements for
236:
of 1857–58, in particular whether greater efforts should be made to convert India or whether to remain sensitive to local culture and traditions. Although generally regarded as superior to
Williams in scholarship, Müller had the double disadvantage (in the eyes of some) of being German and having
383:, but news of the death of his brother in battle in India prompted him to return to Oxford and study Sanskrit with Wilson, winning the Boden scholarship. Graduating in 1844, he was professor of Sanskrit, Persian and Hindustani at the company's college until 1858, when it closed after the
612:, Burrow may never have set any of his students the task of writing an essay. On field trips to India, he helped to record previously unstudied Dravidian languages. Gombrich described him as "amiable but socially passive and taciturn", and as "a single-minded scholar of great learning".
153:, where a memorial stone sets out an extract from Boden's will about the bequest, and records that Boden's estate was worth about £25,000 in 1827. The university accepted Boden's bequest in November 1827, and the first professor was elected in 1832. His bequest is also used to fund the
1501:
1224:
488:. After 24 years as librarian, arranging and studying the many books and manuscripts the India Office had acquired, he spent 10 years as Boden professor. His main scholarly interests were in philology (the study of language in written historical sources), but he also studied
754:, on which he is recognised as the world's leading expert. In 2014 he received a European Research Council Consolidator Grant worth €1.85 million for a five-year six-person research project on the history of Hatha Yoga. In 2018, he opened the SOAS Centre of Yoga Studies.
278:
said that he had had to "fight a great battle" in 2004 to ensure that another Boden professor was appointed to succeed him on his retirement, and credited his victory to the university's realisation that it was the last chair in
Sanskrit left in the United Kingdom.
340:
education mixed with studies of the
English language and Western learning, although he regarded Indian culture as inferior to that of the Western world. He arrived in Oxford in 1833 after his election in 1832, but moved to London in 1836 to be librarian at
750:. He is the author of nine books, all of them translations and editions of Sanskrit texts on yoga, poetry, or epic tales. Mallinson has written numerous book chapters and papers on the history of yoga, in particular the early development of physical or
432:
Macdonell was born in India, where his father was a colonel in a local regiment, and lived there until he was six or seven. He spent several school years in Germany before studying Sanskrit and comparative philology at Göttingen University. He studied
714:
from 1989 until his appointment at Oxford. His research interests include intellectual history and the history of science within the 16th to 18th centuries, and he is part of a group at Oxford working on aspects of early modern South Asia.
2131:
1885:
1768:
1383:
1345:
1268:
1194:
1144:
1299:
102:(professor 1976–2004) has said that he had to fight to ensure that he was replaced on retirement; his view was that Oxford retained the chair in Sanskrit because it was the last such position in the United Kingdom.
1985:
1922:
2299:
1821:
387:. As Boden professor, he wanted to create stronger links between India and England with the creation of a specialist institute at Oxford. His advocacy and fundraising at home and overseas led to the
274:
appointments and conditions of service, and the college to which any professorship is allocated (Balliol in the case of the Boden chair) has two representatives on the board of electors. In 2008,
596:, the later languages close to Sanskrit) in London. After two further years of research in Cambridge, he was assistant keeper in the Department of Oriental printed books and manuscripts at the
94:(professor 1860–99) has held the chair the longest, although a deputy was appointed to carry out his teaching duties for the last 11 years of his life. The current holder (as of 2023),
379:
Williams (who became Sir Monier Monier-Williams in 1887) was born in India, the son of an army officer. Educated in England, he trained for the East India Company's civil service at
814:
In 2013 terms (the last year for which updating figures are available as of January 2015), £25,000 in 1827 would be equivalent to about £1.9M updated for inflation using the
266:
and someone nominated by the university's governing body. Revisions by the commissioners to the statutes of Balliol College in 1882 provided that the Boden professor was to be a
706:
Minkowski obtained a diploma in Hindi from the University of Delhi and his PhD in Sanskrit and Indian Studies from Harvard. After various academic posts, including a year at
2294:
1048:
657:, an institution affiliated to the university. He was its first academic director (2004–09) and thereafter was appointed its President. He served as general editor of the
2011:
1308:
963:
766:
255:
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and university lecturer in Sanskrit and Pali from 1965 to 1976, when he was appointed to succeed Thomas Burrow. On his retirement in 2004, he helped to establish the
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211:
75:
933:
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as a member of Exeter on 21 May 1833 and was awarded a Master of Arts degree by decree by the university three days later. There is no record of him in
224:
to succeed him. Williams was an Oxford-educated Englishman who had spent 14 years teaching Sanskrit to those preparing to work in British India for the
2203:
484:
Thomas read classics and Indian languages at Cambridge then spent six years teaching before becoming assistant librarian, later the librarian, of the
2314:
2221:
1812:
1715:
463:
1649:
344:, the company's headquarters, travelling back to Oxford as necessary to carry out his duties. He held both positions until his death in 1860.
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126:
51:
654:
2057:
246:
2304:
1947:
1181:
1035:
955:
2015:
1645:
1619:
1593:
1538:
1297:
Shepherd, John (1850). "Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Anniversary Meeting of the Society, Held on the 11th of May, 1850".
191:
2169:
418:
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577:
2227:
395:. He retired from teaching in 1887; Arthur Macdonell was appointed as his deputy in 1888 and in due course succeeded him.
1727:
1451:
Tull, Herman W. (June 1991). "F. Max Müller and A. B. Keith: "Twaddle", the "Stupid" Myth and the Disease of Indology".
251:
149:
to Christianity "by disseminating a knowledge of the Sacred scriptures among them". Elizabeth was buried in a vault at
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2120:
2088:
2049:
1695:
1082:
508:
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1951:
1830:
895:
743:
581:
474:
414:
380:
367:
199:
2162:
732:
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2215:
1333:
1024:
720:
631:
403:
392:
95:
2042:
Beckerlegge, Gwilym (1997). "Professor Friedrich Max Müller and the Missionary Cause". In Wolfe, John (ed.).
925:
157:, awarded "for the encouragement of the study of, and proficiency in, the Sanskrit Language and Literature".
70:
at Oxford. The first two professors were elected by Oxford graduates, as the university's statutes provided:
737:
707:
701:
650:
640:
587:
524:
479:
427:
373:
363:
263:
259:
84:
1699:
604:, which thereafter was his main area of research and publication. As Boden professor, he taught Sanskrit,
174:(which at that time was the main governing body of the university, comprising all who had graduated with a
2209:
819:
330:
324:
91:
2144:
874:
When Macdonell was the deputy professor, he was a member of Corpus Christi but did not hold a fellowship.
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992:
747:
677:
658:
422:
229:
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from 2013 to 2023. Prior to his appointment at SOAS Mallinson worked as a principal translator for the
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728:
530:
313:
179:
134:
71:
47:
592:
Burrow studied classics and oriental languages at Cambridge, spending one year of his doctorate (on
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692:
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519:
336:
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2108:
2100:
1852:
1844:
1474:
1312:
1108:
815:
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635:
435:
225:
187:
183:
150:
138:
55:
2053:
1977:
444:
154:
67:
1914:
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190:
and was involved in various scholarly and educational activities. Mill had been principal of
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2092:
1873:
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388:
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275:
233:
99:
90:
Four of the first five professors were born in British India or had worked there. To date,
1453:
849:
688:
352:
267:
217:
195:
80:
32:
865:, he did not hold a college fellowship until the chair was allocated to Balliol in 1882.
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597:
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28:
1955:
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841:
566:
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221:
146:
36:
1615:
1589:
1534:
987:
536:
485:
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opening in 1884 (completed 1896), and he gave about 3,000 manuscripts and books to
2146:
Statutes made for the University of Oxford, and for the Colleges and Halls therein
1900:
1783:
1742:
1398:
1360:
1283:
1210:
1159:
1064:
544:, published between 1928 and 1936. As Boden professor, he helped to catalogue the
455:, producing books on its mythology and grammar, and editions of some Vedic texts.
2043:
496:, philosophy, logic and myth. He also helped produce the standard translation of
996:
171:
63:
2154:
1190:
1079:"Five Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a UK Pound Amount, 1270 to Present"
558:
described his death as "a heavy loss ... to Sanskrit studies everywhere."
79:
elect the professor from graduates, and gave the holder of the professorship a
2136:
1877:
1839:
1816:
1760:
1719:
1375:
1337:
1260:
1175:
1136:
1044:
903:
802:
751:
2079:
Dowling, Linda (March 1982). "Victorian Oxford and the Science of Language".
1029:
1229:
798:
554:
175:
20:
1078:
1616:"Statute XIV: Employment of Academic and Support Staff by the University"
790:
489:
130:
59:
1848:
1316:
593:
493:
288:
Boden Professors of Sanskrit with details of their work and background
2104:
1478:
178:
or a doctorate). In 1832, the voters had a choice of two candidates:
2132:
Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715–1886
1300:
The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
142:
1470:
451:
acquire many Sanskrit manuscripts. His main scholarly interest was
2096:
1590:"Preface: Constitution and Statute-making Powers of the University"
1535:"Preface: Constitution and Statute-making Powers of the University"
50:
was established in 1832 with money bequeathed to the university by
794:
786:
669:(1996) and various journal articles on Buddhist and other topics.
27:
1822:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
785:
At this time, "India" described the area covered by present-day
605:
2158:
228:. Müller was a German-born lecturer at Oxford specialising in
117:
529:
After winning the Boden scholarship, Johnston served in the
62:
professorship to assist in the conversion of the people of
2081:
Publications of the Modern Language Association of America
818:
or about £82M updated to represent an equivalent share of
216:
After Wilson's death in 1860, there was a contest between
98:, was appointed in 2023 and is the ninth Boden professor.
35:, the second Boden Professor of Sanskrit, photographed by
186:. Wilson, a surgeon by training, worked in India for the
2300:
Lists of people associated with the University of Oxford
1954:, University of Oxford. 1 September 2011. Archived from
831:
At the University of Oxford, unless otherwise indicated
443:, raised funds in India for a scholarly edition of the
66:
to Christianity, and his bequest was also used to fund
19:"Joseph Boden" redirects here. Not to be confused with
902:. Oxford dictionary national biography. Archived from
137:
is named, served in the Bombay Native Infantry of the
54:
Joseph Boden, a retired soldier in the service of the
742:
Mallinson was Reader in Sanskrit and Yoga Studies at
170:
The first and second Boden professors were chosen by
1107:. University of Oxford. 18 July 2006. Archived from
141:
from 1781 until his retirement in 1807. He moved to
304:
1309:Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
1174:
1028:
767:List of professorships at the University of Oxford
540:("Acts of the Buddha") by the 2nd-century author
256:Corpus Christi Professor of Comparative Philology
111:Extract from Joseph Boden's will, 15 August 1811
926:"About the Boden scholarship and professorship"
113:
129:Joseph Boden, after whom the professorship in
2170:
1642:"Tenth anniversary Board of Governors Dinner"
1259:Goodwin, Gordon; Katz, J. B. (January 2008).
247:Universities of Oxford and Cambridge Act 1877
8:
1185:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1039:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
548:'s Sanskrit manuscripts and to improve the
2295:Professorships at the University of Oxford
2177:
2163:
2155:
1984:. Oxford University Press. November 2011.
1921:. Oxford University Press. November 2011.
1618:. University of Oxford. 18 December 2009.
1560:
1558:
1556:
1338:"Williams, Sir Monier Monier– (1819–1899)"
1261:"Haughton, Sir Graves Chamney (1788–1849)"
286:
212:Boden Professor of Sanskrit election, 1860
58:. He wished the university to establish a
2014:. Balliol College, Oxford. Archived from
1838:
1130:
1128:
1126:
608:and Prakrit; according to his successor,
16:Professorship at the University of Oxford
1019:
1017:
1015:
1882:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1765:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1761:"Thomas, Frederick William (1867–1956)"
1724:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1720:"Macdonell, Arthur Anthony (1854–1930)"
1428:
1426:
1380:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1342:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1265:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1182:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1141:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1036:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
887:
778:
645:Gombrich, the son of the art historian
335:Wilson trained as a surgeon and learnt
1592:. University of Oxford. 16 June 2003.
1537:. University of Oxford. 16 June 2003.
1328:
1326:
1173:Bendall, Cecil; Loloi, Parvin (2004).
962:. Balliol College, Oxford university.
74:won by a narrow majority in 1832, and
2066:from the original on 25 December 2018
1817:"Edward Hamilton Johnston, 1885–1942"
956:"Boden professor of Sanskrit - About"
301:
298:
292:
7:
2135:. Oxford: Parker and Co – via
2048:. Vol. V – Culture and Empire.
1988:from the original on 6 December 2021
1925:from the original on 6 December 2021
1888:from the original on 6 December 2021
1771:from the original on 6 December 2021
1718:; Tucker, Elizabeth (January 2010).
1652:from the original on 3 November 2011
1512:from the original on 6 December 2021
1386:from the original on 6 December 2021
1348:from the original on 6 December 2021
1271:from the original on 6 December 2021
1237:from the original on 6 December 2021
1197:from the original on 6 December 2021
1147:from the original on 6 December 2021
1085:from the original on 14 October 2008
500:, a 7th-century Sanskrit biography.
295:
1978:"Minkowski, Prof. Christopher Zand"
1596:from the original on 4 January 2014
1541:from the original on 4 January 2014
1376:"Müller, Friedrich Max (1823–1900)"
1137:"Wilson, Horace Hayman (1786–1860)"
655:Oxford Centre for Buddhist Studies
600:for seven years, where he studied
270:of the college from then onwards.
14:
1915:"Gombrich, Prof. Richard Francis"
1730:from the original on 5 March 2016
1176:"Mill, William Hodge (1792–1853)"
966:from the original on 10 July 2017
2263:
2149:. Oxford University Press. 1883.
1622:from the original on 19 May 2012
1051:from the original on 31 May 2020
936:from the original on 23 May 2018
258:, the Sanskrit Professor at the
1948:"Professor Richard F. Gombrich"
1701:Oxford men & their colleges
1646:Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies
991:. 19 November 1827. p. 2.
151:Holy Trinity Church, Cheltenham
2315:1832 establishments in England
1508:. 8 December 1860. p. 9.
1336:; Katz, J. B. (October 2007).
1:
2126:"Wilson, Horace Hayman"
2045:Religion in Victorian Britain
2012:"Boden Professor of Sanskrit"
1801:. 26 October 1942. p. 6.
1105:"Schedule Part 6: Boden Fund"
1027:; Carter, Philip (May 2005).
663:Buddhist Precept and Practice
2290:Boden Professors of Sanskrit
2186:Boden Professors of Sanskrit
2010:Burn-Murdoch, Steve (2007).
1901:UK public library membership
1878:"Burrow, Thomas (1909–1986)"
1797:"Professor E. H. Johnston".
1784:UK public library membership
1743:UK public library membership
1399:UK public library membership
1374:Fynes, R. C. C. (May 2007).
1361:UK public library membership
1284:UK public library membership
1233:. 17 March 1832. p. 4.
1211:UK public library membership
1160:UK public library membership
1135:Courtright, Paul B. (2004).
1065:UK public library membership
684:
627:
573:
515:
470:
410:
359:
320:
252:Secretary of State for India
2310:Professorships in languages
2269:University of Oxford portal
2089:Modern Language Association
2050:Manchester University Press
1884:. Oxford University Press.
1767:. Oxford University Press.
1726:. Oxford University Press.
1382:. Oxford University Press.
1344:. Oxford University Press.
1267:. Oxford University Press.
1143:. Oxford University Press.
578:Christ's College, Cambridge
44:Boden Professor of Sanskrit
2331:
1831:Cambridge University Press
1441:Beckerlegge, pp. 186, 201.
744:SOAS, University of London
672:
615:
582:School of Oriental Studies
561:
503:
458:
398:
347:
308:
209:
200:East India Company College
192:Bishop’s College, Calcutta
92:Sir Monier Monier-Williams
18:
2261:
2192:
1840:10.1017/S0035869X00098038
1704:. J. Parker. p. 387.
1502:"University Intelligence"
1420:Beckerlegge, pp. 334–335.
1411:Beckerlegge, pp. 333–334.
1225:"University Intelligence"
1030:"Boden, Joseph (d. 1811)"
673:
616:
562:
504:
459:
399:
348:
309:
2222:Frederick William Thomas
2216:Arthur Anthony Macdonell
1081:. MeasuringWorth. 2011.
710:, he was a professor at
68:scholarships in Sanskrit
2305:Balliol College, Oxford
1999:(subscription required)
1936:(subscription required)
1862:(subscription required)
1523:(subscription required)
1248:(subscription required)
930:www.oxfordreference.com
661:. His writings include
415:University of Göttingen
262:, someone nominated by
260:University of Cambridge
2210:Monier Monier-Williams
1759:; Katz, J. B. (2004).
1191:10.1093/ref:odnb/18712
820:gross domestic product
419:Corpus Christi College
241:Duties and regulations
123:
39:
2246:Christopher Minkowski
1045:10.1093/ref:odnb/2753
852:of an Oxford college.
848:being appointed as a
748:Clay Sanskrit Library
678:Christopher Minkowski
659:Clay Sanskrit Library
423:University of Leipzig
381:the company's college
302:College as Professor
230:comparative philology
31:
2197:Horace Hayman Wilson
1874:Gombrich, Richard F.
1579:, p. 194 and p. 213.
1432:Beckerlegge, p. 196.
1111:on 15 September 2017
1009:Beckerlegge, p. 178.
960:www.balliol.ox.ac.uk
932:. Oxford reference.
729:University of Oxford
531:Indian Civil Service
198:(a professor at the
180:Horace Hayman Wilson
135:University of Oxford
72:Horace Hayman Wilson
48:University of Oxford
693:University of Delhi
602:Dravidian languages
325:St Thomas' Hospital
289:
1952:Oriental Institute
816:Retail Price Index
712:Cornell University
697:Harvard University
667:How Buddhism Began
649:, was a Fellow of
647:Sir Ernst Gombrich
636:Harvard University
436:literae humaniores
287:
283:List of professors
226:East India Company
188:East India Company
184:William Hodge Mill
139:East India Company
127:Lieutenant Colonel
56:East India Company
52:Lieutenant Colonel
40:
2275:
2274:
1899:(subscription or
1782:(subscription or
1741:(subscription or
1683:Alumni Oxoniensis
1671:Alumni Oxoniensis
1397:(subscription or
1359:(subscription or
1282:(subscription or
1209:(Subscription or
1158:(subscription or
1063:(Subscription or
1025:Chichester, H. M.
900:www.oxforddnb.com
863:Alumni Oxoniensis
846:Alumni Oxonienses
758:
757:
447:, and helped the
155:Boden Scholarship
76:the 1860 election
2322:
2267:
2240:Richard Gombrich
2179:
2172:
2165:
2156:
2150:
2140:
2128:
2116:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1974:
1968:
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1965:
1963:
1944:
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1937:
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1930:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1842:
1815:(October 1942).
1809:
1803:
1802:
1794:
1788:
1787:
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1778:
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1746:
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1712:
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1648:. 25 June 2008.
1638:
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1524:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1498:
1492:
1491:Dowling, p. 164.
1489:
1483:
1482:
1463:Brill Publishers
1448:
1442:
1439:
1433:
1430:
1421:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1334:Macdonell, A. A.
1330:
1321:
1320:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1280:
1278:
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1221:
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1202:
1178:
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1156:
1154:
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1132:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1101:
1095:
1094:
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1090:
1075:
1069:
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1032:
1021:
1010:
1007:
1001:
1000:
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975:
973:
971:
952:
946:
945:
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941:
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913:
911:
906:on 19 April 2013
892:
875:
872:
866:
859:
853:
838:
832:
829:
823:
812:
806:
783:
682:
681:
680:
632:Magdalen College
625:
624:
623:
621:Richard Gombrich
610:Richard Gombrich
571:
570:
569:
550:Indian Institute
546:Bodleian Library
513:
512:
511:
468:
467:
466:
464:Frederick Thomas
449:Bodleian Library
441:Indian Institute
408:
407:
406:
404:Arthur Macdonell
389:Indian Institute
385:Indian rebellion
357:
356:
355:
342:East India House
318:
317:
316:
290:
276:Richard Gombrich
234:Indian Rebellion
206:Election of 1860
166:Election of 1832
100:Richard Gombrich
42:The position of
2330:
2329:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2271:
2257:
2252:James Mallinson
2228:Edward Johnston
2188:
2183:
2153:
2143:
2119:
2078:
2069:
2067:
2060:
2041:
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2031:
2021:
2019:
2009:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1991:
1989:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1961:
1959:
1958:on 29 July 2011
1946:
1945:
1941:
1935:
1928:
1926:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1898:
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1889:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1861:
1811:
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1774:
1772:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1740:
1733:
1731:
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1713:
1709:
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1693:
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1681:
1677:
1669:
1665:
1655:
1653:
1640:
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1625:
1623:
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1471:10.2307/3270003
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1449:
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1218:
1208:
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907:
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878:
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860:
856:
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835:
830:
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813:
809:
784:
780:
775:
763:
721:James Mallinson
708:Wolfson College
689:Harvard College
676:
675:
674:
651:Wolfson College
619:
618:
617:
565:
564:
563:
509:Edward Johnston
507:
506:
505:
475:Trinity College
462:
461:
460:
402:
401:
400:
353:Monier Williams
351:
350:
349:
312:
311:
310:
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264:Balliol College
243:
218:Monier Williams
214:
208:
196:Graves Haughton
176:master's degree
168:
163:
147:people of India
124:
112:
108:
96:James Mallinson
85:Balliol College
33:Monier Williams
24:
17:
12:
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5:
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2326:
2318:
2317:
2312:
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2207:
2200:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2174:
2167:
2159:
2152:
2151:
2141:
2121:Foster, Joseph
2117:
2097:10.2307/462185
2076:
2058:
2038:
2030:
2029:
2018:on 11 May 2012
2002:
1982:Who's Who 2012
1969:
1939:
1919:Who's Who 2012
1906:
1865:
1804:
1789:
1757:Arberry, A. J.
1748:
1707:
1696:Foster, Joseph
1687:
1675:
1663:
1633:
1607:
1581:
1569:
1552:
1526:
1493:
1484:
1443:
1434:
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1413:
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1322:
1289:
1251:
1216:
1165:
1122:
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1070:
1011:
1002:
977:
947:
917:
896:"Joseph Boden"
886:
885:
883:
880:
877:
876:
867:
854:
833:
824:
807:
777:
776:
774:
771:
770:
769:
762:
759:
756:
755:
740:
735:
726:
723:
717:
716:
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699:
686:
683:
671:
670:
643:
638:
629:
626:
614:
613:
598:British Museum
590:
585:
575:
572:
560:
559:
527:
522:
517:
514:
502:
501:
482:
477:
472:
469:
457:
456:
453:Vedic Sanskrit
430:
425:
412:
409:
397:
396:
377:
371:
361:
358:
346:
345:
333:
328:
322:
319:
307:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
284:
281:
242:
239:
210:Main article:
207:
204:
167:
164:
162:
159:
110:
109:
107:
104:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2316:
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2306:
2303:
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2293:
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2287:
2285:
2278:
2270:
2266:
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2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2234:Thomas Burrow
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2204:1860 election
2201:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2180:
2175:
2173:
2168:
2166:
2161:
2160:
2157:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2127:
2123:(1888–1892).
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2065:
2061:
2059:0-7190-5184-3
2055:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2017:
2013:
2006:
2003:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1940:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1907:
1902:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1866:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1813:Thomas, F. W.
1808:
1805:
1800:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1749:
1744:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1716:Thomas, F. W.
1711:
1708:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1691:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1651:
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1643:
1637:
1634:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1608:
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1591:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1540:
1536:
1530:
1527:
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1507:
1503:
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1494:
1488:
1485:
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1381:
1377:
1370:
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1343:
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1302:
1301:
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1262:
1255:
1252:
1236:
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1192:
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864:
861:According to
858:
855:
851:
847:
843:
837:
834:
828:
825:
821:
817:
811:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
782:
779:
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768:
765:
764:
760:
753:
749:
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727:
725:2023 onwards
724:
722:
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705:
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700:
698:
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595:
591:
589:
586:
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568:
567:Thomas Burrow
557:
556:
551:
547:
543:
539:
538:
532:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
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499:
498:Harshacharita
495:
491:
487:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
465:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
437:
431:
429:
426:
424:
420:
416:
413:
405:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
375:
372:
369:
365:
362:
354:
343:
338:
334:
332:
329:
326:
323:
315:
314:Horace Wilson
291:
282:
280:
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271:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
240:
238:
235:
231:
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61:
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53:
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38:
37:Lewis Carroll
34:
30:
26:
22:
2277:
2202:
2185:
2145:
2130:
2084:
2080:
2068:. Retrieved
2044:
2035:Bibliography
2034:
2033:
2020:. Retrieved
2016:the original
2005:
1990:. Retrieved
1981:
1972:
1960:. Retrieved
1956:the original
1942:
1927:. Retrieved
1918:
1909:
1890:. Retrieved
1881:
1868:
1826:
1820:
1807:
1798:
1792:
1773:. Retrieved
1764:
1751:
1732:. Retrieved
1723:
1710:
1700:
1690:
1682:
1678:
1670:
1666:
1654:. Retrieved
1636:
1624:. Retrieved
1610:
1598:. Retrieved
1584:
1576:
1572:
1567:, pp. 90–91.
1564:
1543:. Retrieved
1529:
1514:. Retrieved
1505:
1496:
1487:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1437:
1416:
1407:
1388:. Retrieved
1379:
1369:
1350:. Retrieved
1341:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1273:. Retrieved
1264:
1254:
1239:. Retrieved
1228:
1219:
1199:. Retrieved
1180:
1168:
1149:. Retrieved
1140:
1113:. Retrieved
1109:the original
1099:
1087:. Retrieved
1073:
1053:. Retrieved
1034:
1005:
988:The Observer
986:
980:
968:. Retrieved
959:
950:
938:. Retrieved
929:
920:
908:. Retrieved
904:the original
899:
890:
870:
862:
857:
845:
842:matriculated
836:
827:
810:
781:
666:
662:
553:
537:Buddhacarita
535:
486:India Office
434:
376:(from 1882)
272:
244:
215:
169:
125:
116:
114:
89:
43:
41:
25:
2091:: 160–178.
1833:: 263–267.
685:2005- 2023
552:'s museum.
520:New College
445:Mahābhārata
393:its library
172:Convocation
2284:Categories
2137:Wikisource
1685:, p. 1567.
1673:, p. 1583.
1213:required.)
1067:required.)
985:"Oxford".
882:References
803:Bangladesh
752:Hatha Yoga
628:1976–2004
580:, and the
411:1899–1926
368:University
337:Hindustani
299:Education
222:Max Müller
106:Foundation
87:, Oxford.
81:fellowship
2113:164177398
1903:required)
1857:163300859
1799:The Times
1786:required)
1745:required)
1506:The Times
1481:. Part 1.
1465:: 31–32.
1401:required)
1363:required)
1286:required)
1230:The Times
1162:required)
997:473899496
799:Sri Lanka
584:, London
555:The Times
542:Aśvaghoṣa
370:colleges
327:, London
161:Elections
21:Joe Biden
2064:Archived
1986:Archived
1923:Archived
1886:Archived
1876:(2004).
1849:25221878
1769:Archived
1728:Archived
1698:(1893).
1650:Archived
1620:Archived
1594:Archived
1577:Statutes
1565:Statutes
1539:Archived
1510:Archived
1384:Archived
1346:Archived
1317:25228629
1311:: ii–v.
1269:Archived
1235:Archived
1195:Archived
1145:Archived
1083:Archived
1049:Archived
993:ProQuest
964:Archived
934:Archived
791:Pakistan
761:See also
665:(1991),
594:Prakrits
574:1944–76
516:1937–42
490:Buddhism
471:1927–37
360:1860–99
321:1832–60
131:Sanskrit
60:Sanskrit
2070:27 July
970:27 July
940:27 July
910:27 July
840:Wilson
738:Balliol
702:Balliol
641:Balliol
588:Balliol
525:Balliol
494:Jainism
480:Balliol
428:Balliol
374:Balliol
364:Balliol
133:at the
46:at the
2254:(2023)
2248:(2005)
2242:(1976)
2236:(1944)
2230:(1937)
2224:(1927)
2218:(1899)
2212:(1860)
2199:(1832)
2111:
2105:462185
2103:
2056:
2022:14 May
1992:14 May
1962:15 May
1929:15 May
1892:11 May
1855:
1847:
1775:11 May
1734:11 May
1656:15 May
1626:10 May
1600:10 May
1545:22 May
1516:22 May
1479:327003
1477:
1390:16 May
1352:14 May
1315:
1275:10 May
1241:22 May
1207:
1201:22 May
1151:10 May
1115:13 May
1089:27 May
1061:
995:
850:Fellow
421:, and
331:Exeter
305:Notes
296:Years
268:Fellow
254:, the
143:Lisbon
2109:S2CID
2101:JSTOR
2087:(2).
1853:S2CID
1845:JSTOR
1829:(3).
1475:JSTOR
1461:(3).
1454:Numen
1313:JSTOR
1055:9 May
795:Burma
787:India
773:Notes
293:Name
2072:2016
2054:ISBN
2024:2012
1994:2012
1964:2012
1931:2012
1894:2012
1777:2012
1736:2012
1658:2012
1628:2012
1602:2012
1547:2012
1518:2012
1392:2012
1354:2012
1277:2012
1243:2012
1203:2012
1153:2012
1117:2012
1091:2014
1057:2012
972:2017
942:2017
912:2017
801:and
733:SOAS
731:and
695:and
634:and
606:Pali
366:and
245:The
220:and
182:and
2093:doi
1835:doi
1467:doi
1187:doi
1041:doi
534:of
118:sic
83:at
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2107:.
2099:.
2085:97
2083:.
2062:.
2052:.
1980:.
1950:.
1917:.
1880:.
1851:.
1843:.
1825:.
1819:.
1763:.
1722:.
1644:.
1555:^
1504:.
1473:.
1459:38
1457:.
1425:^
1378:.
1340:.
1325:^
1307:.
1305:12
1303:.
1263:.
1227:.
1193:.
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1125:^
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2095::
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1966:.
1933:.
1896:.
1859:.
1837::
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1469::
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1189::
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23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
