363:
1174:
292:
1093:
512:
578:
had obtained the expression for the magnetic moment of the electron in 1913. The value is sometimes referred to as the "Bohr–Procopiu magneton" in
Romanian scientific literature. The
1005:
La théorie du rayonnement et les quanta: Rapports et discussions de la réunion tenue à Bruxelles, du 30 octobre au 3 novembre 1911, sous les auspices de M. E. Solvay
628:
A magnetic moment of an electron in an atom is composed of two components. First, the orbital motion of an electron around a nucleus generates a magnetic moment by
1315:
567:
541:
1227:
755:
301:
1098:
236:
1020:
956:
1208:
1329:
1298:
931:
604:
In the summer of 1913, the values for the natural units of atomic angular momentum and magnetic moment were obtained by the Danish physicist
1187:
1265:
863:
800:
616:
gave the Bohr magneton its name in an article where he contrasted it with the magneton of the experimentalists which he called the
697:
655:. The Bohr magneton is the magnitude of the magnetic dipole moment of an electron orbiting an atom with this angular momentum.
903:
688:, a factor relating spin angular momentum to corresponding magnetic moment of a particle, having a value of approximately 2.
572:
1231:
629:
1361:
849:
1366:
468:
1371:
702:
678:
1351:
648:
1004:
788:
633:
1206:
Procopiu, Ștefan (1913). "Determining the
Molecular Magnetic Moment by M. Planck's Quantum Theory".
1356:
776:
974:
682:
514:. Langevin assumed that the attractive force was inversely proportional to distance to the power
1185:
Procopiu, Ștefan (1911–1913). "Sur les éléments d'énergie" [On the elements of energy].
895:
575:
792:
681:
caused by its spin is also approximately one Bohr magneton, which results in the electron spin
1325:
1294:
1261:
927:
899:
879:
859:
845:
796:
722:
458:
373:
210:
964:
922:
Keith, Stephen T.; Quédec, Pierre (1992). "Magnetism and
Magnetic Materials: The Magneton".
780:
712:
644:
431:
222:
1257:
717:
583:
546:
517:
435:
383:
214:
36:
457:
computed a value that was twice as large as the Bohr magneton in
September 1911. At the
1290:
884:
617:
613:
579:
442:
410:
295:
226:
193:
81:
434:
of atomic structure, several theorists commented that the magneton should involve the
1345:
992:
781:
727:
462:
398:
891:
598:
454:
427:
423:
143:
136:
132:
106:
74:
817:
747:
1321:
855:
707:
640:
609:
605:
17:
1283:
446:
358:{\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {B} }={\frac {e\hbar }{2m_{\mathrm {e} }c}},}
230:
218:
1169:{\displaystyle I_{o}={\frac {Me}{m}}{\frac {h}{8\pi }}{\frac {n}{n+2}}.}
978:
643:
of the atom, for an electron that is in the orbit of lowest energy, its
287:{\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {B} }={\frac {e\hbar }{2m_{\mathrm {e} }}}}
1088:{\displaystyle I_{o}={\frac {m}{Me}}{\frac {h}{8\pi }}{\frac {n}{n+2}}}
969:
951:
594:
70:
825:
632:. Second, the inherent rotation, or spin, of the electron has a
1230:. Ștefan Procopiu Science and Technology Museum. Archived from
102:
49:
1209:
Bulletin de la
Section Scientifique de l'Académie Roumaine
1254:
Niels Bohr's Times, in physics, philosophy, and politics
822:
The NIST Reference on
Constants, Units, and Uncertainty
752:
The NIST Reference on
Constants, Units, and Uncertainty
783:
Modern magnetic materials: principles and applications
29:
1101:
1023:
549:
520:
471:
304:
239:
997:
La théorie cinétique du magnétisme et les magnétons
1282:
1168:
1087:
883:
561:
535:
506:
357:
286:
582:was experimentally derived in 1911 as a unit of
1314:Mahajan, Anant S.; Rangwala, Abbas A. (1989).
1188:Annales scientifiques de l'Université de Jassy
8:
807:(value updated to correspond to CODATA 2018)
658:The spin angular momentum of an electron is
441:. By postulating that the ratio of electron
601:, which is about 20% of the Bohr magneton.
507:{\displaystyle e\hbar /(2m_{\mathrm {e} })}
945:
943:
1145:
1130:
1115:
1106:
1100:
1067:
1052:
1037:
1028:
1022:
1001:Kinetic theory of magnetism and magnetons
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548:
519:
494:
493:
478:
470:
422:The idea of elementary magnets is due to
339:
338:
320:
310:
309:
303:
274:
273:
255:
245:
244:
238:
213:and the natural unit for expressing the
917:
915:
739:
475:
326:
261:
1281:Alonso, Marcelo; Finn, Edward (1992).
950:Heilbron, John; Kuhn, Thomas (1969).
818:"CODATA value: Bohr magneton in eV/T"
7:
748:"2022 CODATA Value: Bohr magneton"
495:
340:
311:
275:
246:
233:, the Bohr magneton is defined as
25:
886:Principles of Quantum Mechanics
31:The value of the Bohr magneton
952:"The genesis of the Bohr atom"
501:
483:
1:
1228:"Ștefan Procopiu (1890–1972)"
647:has magnitude equal to the
1388:
1317:Electricity and Magnetism
698:Anomalous magnetic moment
703:Electron magnetic moment
679:electron magnetic moment
645:orbital angular momentum
1095:on page 404 should say
924:Out of the Crystal Maze
649:reduced Planck constant
461:in November that year,
459:First Solvay Conference
384:reduced Planck constant
27:Unit of magnetic moment
1252:Pais, Abraham (1991).
1170:
1089:
1017:Note that the formula
957:Hist. Stud. Phys. Sci.
630:Ampère's circuital law
563:
537:
508:
359:
288:
1171:
1090:
789:John Wiley & Sons
564:
538:
509:
430:. Already before the
360:
289:
229:angular momentum. In
1099:
1021:
926:. pp. 384–394.
777:O'Handley, Robert C.
677:, but the intrinsic
634:spin magnetic moment
608:as a consequence of
562:{\displaystyle n=1.}
547:
536:{\displaystyle n+1,}
518:
469:
465:obtained a value of
302:
237:
449:should be equal to
32:
1362:Physical constants
1166:
1085:
573:Romanian physicist
559:
533:
504:
355:
296:Gaussian CGS units
284:
30:
1367:Quantum magnetism
1331:978-0-07-460225-6
1300:978-0-201-56518-8
1161:
1143:
1128:
1083:
1065:
1050:
933:978-0-19-505329-6
851:Quantum Mechanics
723:Physical constant
543:and specifically
374:elementary charge
350:
282:
211:physical constant
190:
189:
16:(Redirected from
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1111:
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989:
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970:10.2307/27757291
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910:
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876:
870:
869:
854:(3rd ed.).
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836:
835:
833:
832:
814:
808:
806:
786:
773:
767:
766:
764:
763:
744:
713:Nuclear magneton
673:
671:
670:
667:
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593:
591:
568:
566:
565:
560:
542:
540:
539:
534:
513:
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510:
505:
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499:
498:
482:
432:Rutherford model
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61:
58:
33:
21:
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1386:
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1378:
1377:
1376:
1372:Magnetic moment
1342:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1332:
1324:. p. 419.
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1312:
1308:
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1279:
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1258:Clarendon Press
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949:
948:
941:
934:
921:
920:
913:
906:
878:
877:
873:
866:
858:. p. 440.
844:
843:
839:
830:
828:
816:
815:
811:
803:
775:
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761:
759:
746:
745:
741:
736:
718:Parson magneton
694:
668:
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662:
661:
659:
626:
589:
587:
584:magnetic moment
576:Ștefan Procopiu
545:
544:
516:
515:
489:
467:
466:
436:Planck constant
420:
404:
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215:magnetic moment
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63:
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37:System of units
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1385:
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1375:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
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1352:Atomic physics
1344:
1343:
1338:
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1306:
1299:
1291:Addison-Wesley
1273:
1266:
1244:
1219:
1198:
1177:
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1149:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1114:
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1105:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1010:
1007:. p. 404.
993:Langevin, Paul
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939:
932:
911:
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871:
864:
837:
809:
801:
768:
738:
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735:
732:
731:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
693:
690:
625:
622:
618:Weiss magneton
614:Wolfgang Pauli
610:his atom model
580:Weiss magneton
558:
555:
552:
532:
529:
526:
523:
503:
497:
492:
488:
485:
481:
477:
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443:kinetic energy
419:
416:
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414:
411:speed of light
402:
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377:
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337:
333:
328:
325:
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221:caused by its
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194:atomic physics
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114:
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109:
100:
84:
78:
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52:
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3:
2:
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1269:
1267:0-19-852048-4
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1245:
1234:on 2010-11-18
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867:
865:9780070856431
861:
857:
853:
852:
847:
846:Schiff, L. I.
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838:
827:
823:
819:
813:
810:
804:
802:0-471-15566-7
798:
794:
790:
785:
784:
778:
772:
769:
757:
753:
749:
743:
740:
733:
729:
728:Zeeman effect
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724:
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719:
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676:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
637:
635:
631:
623:
621:
619:
615:
612:. In 1920,
611:
607:
602:
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596:
585:
581:
577:
574:
569:
556:
553:
550:
530:
527:
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490:
486:
479:
472:
464:
463:Paul Langevin
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
437:
433:
429:
425:
417:
412:
407:
403:
400:
399:electron mass
392:
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385:
378:
375:
368:
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366:
352:
346:
335:
331:
323:
317:
306:
297:
270:
266:
258:
252:
241:
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228:
224:
220:
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212:
204:
199:
198:Bohr magneton
195:
179:
171:
164:
147:
145:
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141:
138:
134:
131:
115:
112:
111:
108:
104:
101:
85:
83:
80:
79:
76:
72:
69:
53:
51:
48:
47:
43:
40:
38:
35:
34:
19:
18:Bohr Magneton
1316:
1309:
1284:
1276:
1253:
1247:
1236:. Retrieved
1232:the original
1222:
1213:
1207:
1201:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1013:
1000:
996:
987:
960:
955:
923:
892:Plenum Press
885:
874:
850:
840:
829:. Retrieved
821:
812:
782:
771:
760:. Retrieved
751:
742:
683:
674:
657:
652:
638:
627:
603:
570:
455:Richard Gans
450:
438:
428:Pierre Weiss
424:Walther Ritz
421:
405:
390:
202:
197:
191:
177:
169:
144:atomic units
1322:McGraw-Hill
894:. pp.
880:Shankar, R.
856:McGraw-Hill
708:Bohr radius
445:to orbital
426:(1907) and
294:and in the
1357:Niels Bohr
1346:Categories
1238:2010-11-03
963:: vi–290.
905:0306403978
831:2022-08-28
791:. p.
762:2024-05-18
758:. May 2024
734:References
651:, denoted
641:Bohr model
606:Niels Bohr
1140:π
1062:π
586:equal to
476:ℏ
447:frequency
327:ℏ
307:μ
262:ℏ
242:μ
995:(1911).
979:27757291
882:(1980).
848:(1968).
779:(2000).
692:See also
231:SI units
219:electron
200:(symbol
82:Gaussian
1285:Physics
1003:].
896:398–400
686:-factor
672:
660:
639:In the
418:History
409:is the
397:is the
382:is the
372:is the
223:orbital
209:) is a
185:
166:
161:
149:
1328:
1297:
1264:
1216:: 151.
1195:: 280.
977:
930:
902:
862:
799:
624:Theory
595:joules
365:where
217:of an
196:, the
999:[
975:JSTOR
599:tesla
117:5.788
113:eV/T
87:9.274
55:9.274
44:Unit
41:Value
1326:ISBN
1295:ISBN
1262:ISBN
928:ISBN
900:ISBN
860:ISBN
826:NIST
797:ISBN
756:NIST
597:per
588:1.53
571:The
227:spin
124:(17)
122:8060
94:(28)
92:0783
62:(29)
60:0657
965:doi
298:as
225:or
192:In
119:381
103:erg
89:010
57:010
1348::
1320:.
1293:.
1289:.
1260:.
1256:.
1212:.
1191:.
973:.
954:.
942:^
914:^
898:.
890:.
824:.
820:.
795:.
793:83
787:.
754:.
750:.
636:.
620:.
592:10
557:1.
453:,
170:eħ
133:eV
128:10
98:10
66:10
50:SI
1334:.
1303:.
1270:.
1241:.
1214:1
1193:7
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1158:2
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908:.
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380:ħ
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332:2
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318:=
312:B
276:e
271:m
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247:B
206:B
203:μ
181:e
178:m
174:/
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155:/
152:1
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135:·
126:×
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105:·
96:×
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