20:
138:
say "although closely related to
Malvaceae, molecular data supports their separation. Only pollen and habit seem to provide a morphological basis for the separation." On the other hand, they say: "One approach is to lump them all into a 'super' Malvaceae, recognizing them as subfamilies. The other,
119:. A close relationship between Bombacaceae and Malvaceae has long been recognized but until recently the families have been kept separate in most classification systems, and continue to be separated in many references, including the reference work in classification of
48:. As is true for many botanical names, circumscription and status of the taxon has varied with taxonomic point of view, and currently the preference is to transfer most of the erstwhile family Bombacaceae to the subfamily
64:. Irrespective of current taxonomic status, many of the species originally included in the Bombacaceae are of considerable ecological, historical, horticultural, and economic importance, such as
1007:
863:
678:
Baum, D. A., DeWitt Smith, S., Yen, A., Alverson, W. S., Nyffeler, R., Whitlock, B. A. & Oldham, R. A. (2004). American
Journal of Botany 91(11):1863-1871.
824:
876:
837:
146:) with about 250 species of tropical trees, some of considerable girth, so called "bottle trees". Many species grow to become large trees, with
629:
593:
669:
Kubitzki, K. & Bayer, C., (2003).The
Families and Genera of Vascular Plants Vol. 5: Malvales, Capparales and Non-betalain Caryophyllales
701:
974:
850:
715:
881:
729:
128:
785:
772:
142:
As circumscribed in its traditional sense, the family
Bombacaceae includes around 30 genera (25 genera after Heywood
1002:
925:
152:
the tallest, reaching a height to 70 m. Several of the genera are commercially important, producing timber, edible
97:
649:
930:
811:
719:
645:
798:
740:
790:
899:
156:
or useful fibres. The family is noted for some of the softest hardwoods commercially traded, especially
816:
803:
917:
979:
891:
842:
88:
Recent phylogenetic research has shown that
Bombacaceae as traditionally circumscribed (including
961:
396:
904:
697:
625:
589:
270:
Larreat. (according to
Kubitzki in subf. Bombacoideae and considered more closely related to
200:, noted for their immensely stout trunk development, a mechanism for enhancing water storage.
868:
617:
266:
609:
290:
148:
120:
104:
2003 at the rank of family, the bulk of the taxa in question being treated as subfamilies
101:
89:
36:
530:
109:
996:
690:
310:
966:
499:
472:
380:
372:
250:
105:
69:
49:
40:
24:
19:
953:
777:
514:
448:
430:
360:
173:
61:
60:. The rest of the family were transferred to other taxa, notably the new family
763:
621:
412:
404:
388:
302:
242:
226:
197:
364:
L.O.Williams & Standl. (according to
Kubitzki in subf. Bombacoideae, but
326:
282:
210:
193:
181:
113:
93:
73:
53:
943:
938:
757:
522:
456:
354:
218:
57:
440:
350:
342:
334:
318:
65:
584:
Heywood, V. H.; Brummitt, R. K.; Culham, A. & Seberg, O. (2007).
480:
234:
189:
165:
77:
44:
855:
829:
734:
139:
taken here, is to recognize each of these ten groups as families."
912:
545:
464:
425:
Genera of tribe
Durioneae excluded from Bombacaceae after Heywood
258:
157:
153:
18:
738:
489:
Genus that should be excluded from
Bombacaceae after Heywood
696:(2nd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
127:
2007 and
Takhtajan 2009, but have been lumped together in
172:
is famous, tasting better than it smells. At one time
747:
689:
96:group. Bombacaceae is no longer recognized by the
39:or Angiospermae. The family name was based on the
588:. Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada: Firefly Books.
730:World checklist of malvaceae: 12. Bombacoideae
724:The families of flowering plants: descriptions
508:Genera considered synonym after Kubitzki 2003
188:spp.) are important icons in certain parts of
8:
493:2007 and that be included in Malvaceae s. s.
1008:Historically recognized angiosperm families
735:
665:
663:
661:
659:
646:"Angiosperm Phylogeny Website - Malvales"
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
563:
586:Flowering Plant Families of the World
7:
918:2D460A47-14A1-C8D0-CD0E-D51C6770A9EC
892:1cce647e-d17e-43ff-947b-afa8e715982d
429:2007 and that should be included in
35:were long recognised as a family of
931:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30372811-2
180:was used in making lifebuoys. The
14:
612:(2009). Takhtajan, Armen (ed.).
534:(Ulbr.) Roberty = Pachira Aubl.
539:Genus not treated in Kubitzki
294:Coville (according to Heywood
1:
616:(Second ed.). Springer.
416:Ulbr. (according to Heywood
129:Angiosperm Phylogeny Website
720:L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz
1024:
98:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
16:Family of flowering plants
650:Missouri Botanical Garden
622:10.1007/978-1-4020-9609-9
553:, according to Mabberley
688:Mabberley, D.J. (1997).
951:Watson & Dallwitz:
518:Pittier = Pachira Aubl.
29:
900:Paleobiology Database
22:
100:I 1998, II 2003 and
92:Durioneae) is not a
549:Hassk., synonym of
526:Kunth = Ceiba Mill.
184:or "bottle trees" (
164:. The fruit of the
286:Schott & Endl.
52:within the family
30:
1003:Malvales families
990:
989:
741:Taxon identifiers
631:978-1-4020-9608-2
595:978-1-55407-206-4
1015:
983:
982:
970:
969:
957:
956:
947:
946:
934:
933:
921:
920:
908:
907:
895:
894:
885:
884:
872:
871:
859:
858:
846:
845:
833:
832:
820:
819:
807:
806:
794:
793:
781:
780:
768:
767:
766:
736:
708:
707:
695:
685:
679:
676:
670:
667:
654:
653:
642:
636:
635:
614:Flowering Plants
610:Takhtajan, Armen
606:
600:
599:
581:
267:Chiranthodendron
170:Durio zibethinus
121:flowering plants
84:Current taxonomy
37:flowering plants
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1012:
993:
992:
991:
986:
978:
973:
965:
960:
952:
950:
942:
937:
929:
924:
916:
911:
903:
898:
890:
888:
880:
875:
867:
862:
854:
849:
841:
836:
828:
823:
815:
810:
802:
797:
789:
784:
776:
771:
762:
761:
756:
743:
722:(1992 onwards)
712:
711:
704:
687:
686:
682:
677:
673:
668:
657:
644:
643:
639:
632:
608:
607:
603:
596:
583:
582:
565:
560:
291:Fremontodendron
272:Fremontodendron
254:Ruiz & Pav.
206:
178:Ceiba pentandra
162:Ochroma lagopus
149:Ceiba pentandra
102:Kubitzki system
86:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1021:
1019:
1011:
1010:
1005:
995:
994:
988:
987:
985:
984:
971:
967:wfo-7000000684
958:
948:
935:
922:
909:
896:
886:
873:
860:
847:
834:
821:
808:
795:
782:
769:
753:
751:
745:
744:
739:
733:
732:
727:
710:
709:
702:
692:The plant-book
680:
671:
655:
637:
630:
601:
594:
562:
561:
559:
556:
555:
554:
541:
540:
536:
535:
531:Rhodognaphalon
527:
519:
510:
509:
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504:
495:
494:
486:
485:
477:
469:
461:
453:
445:
436:
435:
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421:
409:
401:
393:
385:
377:
369:
366:incertae sedis
357:
347:
339:
331:
323:
315:
307:
299:
287:
279:
263:
255:
247:
239:
231:
223:
215:
205:
202:
176:from the tree
112:within family
110:Helicteroideae
85:
82:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1020:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
998:
981:
976:
972:
968:
963:
959:
955:
949:
945:
940:
936:
932:
927:
923:
919:
914:
910:
906:
901:
897:
893:
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883:
878:
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870:
865:
861:
857:
852:
848:
844:
839:
835:
831:
826:
822:
818:
813:
809:
805:
800:
796:
792:
787:
783:
779:
774:
770:
765:
759:
755:
754:
752:
750:
746:
742:
737:
731:
728:
725:
721:
717:
714:
713:
705:
703:0-521-41421-0
699:
694:
693:
684:
681:
675:
672:
666:
664:
662:
660:
656:
651:
647:
641:
638:
633:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
605:
602:
597:
591:
587:
580:
578:
576:
574:
572:
570:
568:
564:
557:
552:
548:
547:
543:
542:
538:
537:
533:
532:
528:
525:
524:
520:
517:
516:
512:
511:
507:
506:
502:
501:
497:
496:
492:
488:
487:
483:
482:
478:
475:
474:
470:
467:
466:
462:
459:
458:
454:
451:
450:
446:
443:
442:
438:
437:
434:
432:
428:
424:
423:
419:
415:
414:
410:
407:
406:
402:
399:
398:
394:
391:
390:
386:
383:
382:
378:
375:
374:
370:
367:
363:
362:
358:
356:
353:
352:
348:
345:
344:
340:
337:
336:
332:
329:
328:
324:
321:
320:
316:
313:
312:
311:Huberodendron
308:
305:
304:
300:
297:
293:
292:
288:
285:
284:
280:
277:
273:
269:
268:
264:
261:
260:
256:
253:
252:
248:
245:
244:
240:
237:
236:
232:
229:
228:
224:
221:
220:
216:
213:
212:
208:
207:
203:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
150:
145:
140:
137:
132:
130:
126:
122:
118:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
83:
81:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
56:in the order
55:
51:
47:
46:
42:
38:
34:
27:
26:
21:
748:
723:
691:
683:
674:
640:
613:
604:
585:
550:
544:
529:
521:
513:
500:Camptostemon
498:
490:
479:
473:Kostermansia
471:
463:
455:
447:
439:
426:
417:
411:
403:
395:
387:
381:Pseudobombax
379:
373:Phragmotheca
371:
365:
359:
349:
341:
333:
325:
317:
309:
301:
295:
289:
281:
275:
271:
265:
257:
251:Cavanillesia
249:
241:
233:
225:
217:
209:
185:
177:
169:
161:
147:
143:
141:
135:
133:
124:
116:
106:Bombacoideae
94:monophyletic
87:
50:Bombacoideae
43:
32:
31:
25:Bombax ceiba
23:
749:Bombacaceae
716:Bombacaceae
515:Bombacopsis
449:Coelostegia
431:Durionaceae
361:Pentaplaris
174:kapok fibre
62:Durionaceae
33:Bombacaceae
997:Categories
856:30372811-2
558:References
413:Spirotheca
405:Septotheca
397:Scleronema
389:Quararibea
303:Gyranthera
243:Catostemma
227:Bernoullia
198:Madagascar
123:: Heywood
117:sensu lato
41:type genus
327:Neobuchia
283:Eriotheca
211:Adansonia
194:Australia
186:Adansonia
114:Malvaceae
54:Malvaceae
954:bombacac
944:42000103
939:Tropicos
764:Q2006755
758:Wikidata
523:Chorisia
457:Cullenia
376:Cuatrec.
355:Cuatrec.
274:by Baum
219:Aguiaria
134:Heywood
58:Malvales
476:Soegeng
441:Boschia
351:Patinoa
343:Pachira
335:Ochroma
319:Matisia
306:Pittier
182:baobabs
980:235044
889:NZOR:
869:119487
791:401062
700:
628:
592:
491:et al.
481:Neesia
468:Adans.
452:Benth.
444:Korth.
427:et al.
418:et al.
400:Benth.
384:Dugand
322:Bonpl.
296:et al.
278:2004 )
276:et al.
246:Benth.
235:Bombax
204:Genera
190:Africa
166:durian
144:et al.
136:et al.
125:et al.
78:durian
74:baobab
45:Bombax
28:flower
975:WoRMS
913:Plazi
905:55599
882:21589
864:IRMNG
817:10113
804:10113
778:54594
551:Durio
546:Lahia
503:Mast.
484:Blume
465:Durio
460:Wight
408:Ulbr.
392:Aubl.
346:Aubl.
314:Ducke
262:Mill.
259:Ceiba
230:Oliv.
222:Ducke
158:balsa
154:fruit
90:tribe
70:kapok
66:balsa
926:POWO
877:ITIS
851:IPNI
838:GRIN
830:2436
825:GBIF
786:BOLD
773:APNI
698:ISBN
626:ISBN
590:ISBN
330:Urb.
196:and
108:and
76:and
962:WFO
843:156
812:FoC
799:FNA
718:in
618:doi
338:Sw.
999::
977::
964::
941::
928::
915::
902::
879::
866::
853::
840::
827::
814::
801::
788::
775::
760::
658:^
648:.
624:.
566:^
238:L.
214:L.
192:,
168:,
160:,
131:.
80:.
72:,
68:,
726:.
706:.
652:.
634:.
620::
598:.
420:)
368:)
298:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
