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535:. Among those who lost their lives in the bombing were: col. Victor Romcescu, sold. Șoavă Petru, Dorner Mihai, Nicolaevici lustina, Schaffer Iosif, Marschetky Magdalena, Szanto Ecaterina, Korasch Gheorghe, sold. Mureșan Ioan, spouses Elisaveta and Carol Iavorka, C.F.R. employees Ghenadie Lelea, Constantin Răileanu, Alexandru Iohn, Dumitru Anicolaiesei și Constantin Grigore sau Nicolau Maria, killed in the field in Tomnatic, and among the seriously injured: soldiers Andrei Constantin, Dumitru Ștefan, Sima Ioan and Șerban Florea, sergeant maj. Mârza Marin and civilians Mițiga Grigore, Volcăneț Sofia, Bâzgă Ioan, lacko Ioan, Habăr Matei, Hollengschwandner Gustav or Griind Leni.
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Center for the
Protection of Children and the State Hospital for Children, the Chinezul Sports Clubs, Banat and CAM, the "Salvarea" voluntary association, Bancile Bănățene Unite, the headquarters of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, a children's kindergarten at 12 Geml str., as well as various local businesses. According to eyewitnesses, the Prohaska Mill was partially destroyed, following the fall of 14 explosive bombs and more than 100 incendiary bombs, four deaths and three injuries being recorded in this place.
398:
Riding Club, the "Parc" Sanatorium, the
General Credit Bank, the Romanian Nautical Club, the Notre Dame Institute, the Prohaska Mill, the Orthodox Church on Radu Rosetti street, School on Războieni street no. 2, C.F.R. Workshops, "Domnița Elena" Railway station, the Match Factory, the Spirit Factory, I.E.T., T.B.C. Dispensary, Metropol and Doje hotels, Lyra cinema, Romanian Credit Bank, "Globus Transport S.A." Society, Knitting Factory and numerous homes.
48:
413:
638:, who had been released from a concentration camp, formed a government in exile that issued a proclamation against the coup d'état in Bucharest, broadcasting it through Radio Donau. Horia Sima intended to establish this government in Timișoara, should German troops manage to occupy the city. On August 27, German planes dropped leaflets signed by Horia Sima and General
550:
continued in July and August 1944, including more leaflet drops during July 22, July 30/31, August 4/5 and August 13. Due to the large number of deaths and destruction, military censorship prohibited the publication of articles about the bombing, in the press of the time only communiques of the Army
224:
over the region. At Lipova, the aircraft was attacked by anti-aircraft artillery, which damaged one of the engines, and two crew members, pilot lieutenant Gedeon
Jakobson and second lieutenant radio operator Iosif Kahane, parachuted and were captured by local authorities. They had on them large sums
155:
dropped 227.75 tons of bombs, in 94 sorties, leading to 90 deaths, 162 seriously injured and severe damage across the city. The bombings, which also targeted the city's classification yards, caused extensive casualties and damage to industrial and local infrastructure and residential buildings too.
401:
Among the victims of this attack were: Gheorghe
Dumitru (67 years), Ioan (Johann) Kersch (65 years), Emilia Rusu, Andrei Bedo, Grigore Gavrilă, Demeter Gelga (67 years), Maria Mioc (57 years), Josef Glancz (63 years), Iuliana Ciuciu (57 years), Iulia Fekete (60 years), Mariana Ilca (76 years), and
143:
missions. An exception occurred on April 3, 1944, when Allied aircraft dropped bombs over Periam, Becicherecu Mic, Sânandrei, Variaș, Pesac, and
Saravale, but these raids caused no significant damage. On 16 June 1944, when 44, or according to other sources, 41, or 39 a joint force of RAF and USAAF
610:
King
Michael I's Proclamation to the Nation was published in Banat newspapers only on August 26, 1944. Initially, orders stipulated that German troops should be allowed to withdraw from Romanian territory as quickly as possible. However, the German attack on Bucharest on August 24 swiftly changed
507:
Among the major targets hit in Timișoara were "Domnița Elena" Railway station, where 5 deaths were recorded, the "Metropol" and "Doje" hotels, the
Terminus Palace, the State Obstetric Institute, the "Parc" Sanatorium, the Center for the Protection of Children, the State Hospital for Children, the
376:
bombs, totaling approximately 100 tons of bombs. As a result of this bombing, there were initially 12 dead, 56 injured, 56 houses destroyed and 126 homes seriously damaged. The low number of victims was due, according to the media of the time, to the discipline shown by the population, which took
622:
By Order no. 15003 of August 25, Colonel
Alexandru Galgoți was appointed commander of the internal order in Timiș-Torontal county. In this capacity, Galgoti coordinated disarmament operations, which culminated on August 26 with the surrender of the German Command in Timișoara. Approximately 500
397:
After the bombing, in accordance with the instructions of the Civil
Defense Command, a special photojournalist was sent to Timișoara to document the damage caused. He photographed 410 objects affected by the air attack, including the Chain Factory, the Great Mill, the Tobacco Factory, the Horse
708:
Between
October 31 and November 1, 1944, the German-Hungarian air force bombed Timișoara in three successive waves, occurring at 6:30 PM, 10:00 PM, and 1:30 AM. As a result of these bombings, 188 private buildings were destroyed, and 10 people were killed. Among the affected buildings were the
503:
Thousands of explosive and incendiary bombs were launched during the attack, causing significant destruction and a large number of casualties. Officially, 90 dead and 162 seriously injured were recorded. Numerous local buildings and infrastructure were destroyed or severely damaged, as well as
167:
and Hungarian Air Force bombing raids on Timișoara intensified, primarily involving terror tactics such as intentionally targeting local civilians, which resulted in dozens of deaths. Such Axis raids also included leaflet drops, reconnaissance flights, and attacks on Allied supply lines and
504:
agricultural land, with fires reported in grain fields. The total damage was estimated at 1,339,486,000 lei. According to a statement from the Army Chief Command, Allied aircraft machine-gunned civilians on the outskirts of cities and in fields as people tried to flee the attacks.
677:
German and Hungarian troops launched offensives north of the Mureș River and in the south of the Banat on September 5, with German aviation conducting reconnaissance flights over the Banat between September 7 and 9. During the Battle of Timișoara, on September 12, the day the
672:
An aerial photograph taken by the Luftwaffe on October 26, 1944, shows the city of Timișoara (referred to as "Temeschburg" in German) and its railway infrastructure. The map highlights strategic targets, such as the train station, fuel depots, and various
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On August 30, 1944, at 7:00 PM, a German plane strafed the population of Timișoara but was driven away by anti-aircraft artillery. A similar incident occurred on September 7, with no casualties, as the German plane was shot down over the Timișoara camp.
551:
Chief's Command were published. After the bombings, the Timiș-Torontal Passive Defense took care of locating and extinguishing the fires, removing the rubble, salvaging property, locating the victims, providing medical aid and defusing unexploded bombs.
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and encourage Romania's exit from the war. Also, some of the raids had the role of reconnaissance and overflight action, with the allied military taking photos of the most important objectives, as well as the approach trajectories to these objectives.
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394:, its annexes, adjacent buildings, but also the railway lines were heavily affected, 15 locomotives and 83 wagons of various types were destroyed in the railway workshops, and 167 wagons on the lines of the railway station.
372:, launched luminous parachutes on the city to mark targets and dropped thousands of explosive and, in particular, incendiary bombs of the 30 lb (14 kg) and 50 lb (22 .5 kg), 250 lb (112 kg) or
699:
carried out low-altitude attacks on the railway infrastructure and Romanian supply lines around Timișoara. These attacks caused significant damage to the Lugoj railway station and the Lugoj - Timișoara rail line.
459:
Photo of B-24 Gol'Walloper taken on July 3, 1944, by T/Sgt Tom White, a radio operator and waist gunner with the 485th Bomb Group (829th Squadron), during a mission targeting a marshalling yard in Timișoara,
405:
The bombings were repeated in the following days, with incendiary and explosive bombs being dropped that caused material and human losses. On June 20, 24 buildings were destroyed, on June 23–37, and on June
308:
598:
Communiqué of the General Staff of the Army, published in number 2685 of the newspaper Timpul of November 3, 1944, regarding the war operations on November 1, 1944, and the enemy bombings of Timisoara and
468:'s 460th, 465 and 485 Bombardment Groups. It has been described as the most destructive raid on the city since World War II. 110 B-24 Liberator aircraft, taken off from Italy, attacked in successive waves
278:
148:, industrial and local infrastructure and residential buildings. The raid resulted in 12 killed, 56 wounded and extensive destruction. Subsequent raids followed the next days continuing the destruction.
618:
and Deta, issued Ordinance No. 9, signed by Major General Carol Schmidt, ordering the disarmament of German soldiers. In Banat, the disarmament of German units primarily took place on August 25 and 26.
657:
On August 28, during the day, the German air force conducted an intimidation bombing, strafing the population in Lahovary Square (now Bălcescu Square) in Timișoara. On August 29, at 1:30 PM, the
1664:
542:
The communiqué of the Army Chief's Command regarding the operations of the Romanian Army and the bombings on Timișoara on July 2/3, 1944, published in the Curentul newspaper on July 5, 1944
1624:"Cladire bombardata din greseala la Timisoara. Imagini rare din avioanele de atac. Care a fost soarta imobilelor facute una cu pamantul, in Al Doilea Razboi Mondial | OpiniaTimisoarei.ro"
661:
airfield was strafed, and Lieutenant Petre Negrescu, the commander of the intervention company, was seriously wounded and died a few hours later at the Military Hospital in Timisoara.
500:, carrying out a total of 94 sorties during which they launched a total of 257 tons of bombs, of which 227.75 tons on Timisoara, the main objective being the railway infrastructure.
1601:
728:
646:, including its train station and the Arad-Timișoara passenger train, killing 10 people and wounding 42 others. Bombs were also dropped by German planes in the areas of
380:
Originally, 66 aircraft were assigned to this mission, but due to a last-minute order, some squadrons of the Royal Air Force's 205th Bombardment Group were assigned to
421:
329:
The first bombing of Timisoara took place on the night of June 16/17, 1944. It took place from 00:08 to 03:20 and was carried out by allied aviation, including the
566:
692:
reported a machine-gun attack by a German plane on a train traveling from Lipova to Timișoara on October 25, 1944. The incident resulted in several injuries.
144:
aircraft flew over the city and dropped approximately 100 tons of bombs which caused substantial damage to Timișoara, with significant impacts on the city's
325:
Communiqué of the Army Command regarding the bombing of Timișoara on June 16/17, 1944, published in issue 5869 of the Curentul newspaper on June 19, 1944
180:
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Notre-Dame Sisters Complex and the Metropolitan Cathedral. Six bombs were dropped on the cathedral, but only one exploded, causing minimal damage.
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139:
to sway local sentiments sentiment against the Axis. Subsequent Allied aerial raids until 16 June 1944 primarily consisted of leaflet drops and
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39:
1237:"Timișoara, orașul care nu a învățat nimic din lecția Ploieștiului și a Bucureștiului. Cenzura militară a interzis publicarea informațiilor"
1144:"Timișoara, orașul care nu a învățat nimic din lecția Ploieștiului și a Bucureștiului. Cenzura militară a interzis publicarea informațiilor"
455:
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over Banat, attempting to rally the local population to their cause. On the same day, four German planes bombed and strafed the village of
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Allied planes flew over the northwest of the Timișoara region on April 3, 1944, and dropped bombs near several localities, such as
184:
Communiqué from the High Command of the Army regarding the Allied bombing of the northwestern region of Timișoara on April 3, 1944
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172:. On October 31/November 1, 1944, a joint German-Hungarian air force bombed the city, killing 10 and destroying 188 buildings.
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continued in July and August 1944 with more leaflet drops. After Romania switched sides to the Allies on August 23, 1944,
107:
729:"80 de ani de la primul raid al aviației americane asupra Banatului: doi parașutiști, capturați și interogați la Lipova"
832:
Gomboș, Constantin C. (2006). "Raidurile aviației anglo-americane asupra județului Timiș-Torontal din anii 1943-1944".
538:
217:
213:
152:
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The first Allied bombing raid against Timișoara occurred on 30 September 1943, when they conducted leaflet drops over
111:
1547:
1012:"Imagini rare: în 1944, Timișoara a fost bombardată pe rând de aviația anglo-americană și de cea germano-maghiară"
1465:
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among the wounded: Ana Ronta, Pop Iuliana, Șișcovici Iosif, Obrejan Ileana, Machedon Ioan and Iașinschi Ludovic.
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892:
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At the time of the attack, a RAF and USAAF force consisting of 44 aircraft which had taken off from Italy near
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1383:"Capitala țării, Timișoara, Arad, Brașov, Pitești și Giurgiu au fost din nou atacate de aviația inamică".
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over Banat took place on the night of September 30/October 1, 1943, following a route that included
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240:(USAAF) distributed millions of leaflets over Banat, intending to turn local opinion against the
83:
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and Romania's switch to the Allies' side, several German air raids were recorded on Timișoara.
228:
Several such raids took place between 1 October 1943 and 19 August 1944, when as part of their
651:
485:
221:
115:
1522:
1082:
Corduneanu, Vali (2007-08-25). "Implicațiile actului de la 23 august 1944 asupra Banatului".
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German soldiers were captured and taken prisoner by August 30, and they were interned in the
752:"Comandamentul de Căpetenie al Armatei, Comunicat asupra operațiunilor din 3 aprilie 1944".
412:
47:
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17:
922:"Iunie-iulie 1944: O ploaie de foc se abate asupra monumentalei clădiri a Gării Timișoara"
350:
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The bombing took place on 3 July 1944 between 10:52 and 13:45 and was carried out by the
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1487:"O delegație a Apărării Patriotice a vizitat victimele teroarei din sanatoriul Bega"
1399:"Banatul ieri și azi: Istoria explozivă a cetății Timișoarei, prăpădul vine din cer"
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On August 24, 1944, the VII Army Corps, operating along a 285 km front between
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at 12:30, killing 8 people and wounding several more. Around the same period,
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A particularly devastating attack took place on July 3, 1944, where 110 USAAF
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this directive, leading to orders for the disarmament of the German troops.
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and dropped a total of 60 tons of bombs, mainly very heavy explosive bombs.
189:
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Examples of leaflets dropped by Allied aircraft over Timiș-Torontal county
1602:"Catedrala Mitropolitană din Timișoara, bombardată de aviația hitleristă"
1449:"Bucureștii ,Timișoara, Arad și Giurgiu, bombardate de aviația inamică".
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1321:"William D. Dale: Memoirs of an American pilot | The Standard Newspaper"
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1303:"Beim Terrorangriff auf Timisoara 7 Personen an Herzschlag gestorben"
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Domnița Elena railway station in 1944, after Allied bombing raids
385:
364:, or according to other sources 41, or 39, consisting mainly of
1165:"RAFCommands Archive :: Dennis Harrington, 37 Squadron"
1505:"Aviația germană continuă să atace populația din Timișoara"
682:
entered Timișoara, the German air force machine-gunned the
384:, where their aircraft participated in the invasion of the
1037:
Military Intelligence Division, War Department (1945).
978:
Military Intelligence Division, War Department (1945).
1211:"Timișoara și-a primit cu seninătate botezul focului"
225:of money in various currencies, food and medicine.
1258:"Obiectivele "eroilor anglo-americani ai aerului""
1101:"A mai nap országos és világvonatkozású eseményei"
1665:World War II strategic bombing by populated place
788:"Ellenséges repülőgépek Temesvárvidéke felett".
32:
1186:"Collection: LAMBERT ALBERT (FLIGHT SERGEANT)"
272:, without causing damage or human casualties.
8:
1548:"Német légitámadások Temesvár vidéke ellen"
132:conducted bombing raids against Timișoara
704:The bombing on October 31/November 1, 1944
377:shelter immediately after the air alarms.
29:
1434:"COMANDAMENTUL DE CĂPETENIE AL ARMATEI".
872:"TIMIȘOARA BOMBARDATA DE AVIOANE INAMICE"
836:(V ed.). Graphite. pp. 111–130.
770:"Regiunea Timişoarei a fost bombardată".
1438:. No. 5885. 1944-07-05. p. 1.
857:. No. 5869. 1944-06-19. p. 1.
851:"COMANDAMENTUL DE CĂPETENIE AL ARMATEI"
717:
553:
408:
274:
1554:. No. 213. 1944-09-20. p. 2.
1511:. No. 971. 1944-09-03. p. 1.
1453:. No. 922. 1944-07-05. p. 4.
1423:. No. 192. 1944-07-14. p. 5.
1267:. No. 139. 1944-06-22. p. 3.
1239:(in Romanian). adevarul.ro. 2024-07-07
1146:(in Romanian). adevarul.ro. 2024-07-07
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1107:. No. 212. 1944-09-19. p. 2.
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1014:(in Romanian). adevarul.ro. 2015-05-04
878:. No. 911. 1944-06-20. p. 4.
1572:. No. 84. 1944-11-03. p. 2.
1493:. No. 59. 1944-10-13. p. 7.
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1387:. No. 28. 1944-07-07. p. 1.
1363:"USAAF Combat Operations 1941 - 1945"
1309:. No. 73. 1944-06-23. p. 3.
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899:. No. 26. 1944-06-25. p. 3.
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792:. No. 78. 1944-04-06. p. 2.
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774:. No. 15. 1944-04-07. p. 3.
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756:. No. 95. 1944-04-05. p. 1.
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511:The most affected neighborhoods were
40:Strategic bombing during World War II
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33:Bombing of Timișoara in World War II
27:Both Allied and Axis Powers bombings
1040:World War II A Chronology July 1944
25:
981:World War II Chronology June 1944
212:, and was carried out by a USAAF
1626:(in Romanian). Opinia Timisoarei
1584:"Aradul și Timișoara bombardate"
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572:Aftermath of Allied bombings in
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1464:Negel, Elefterie (1944-07-11).
630:On August 25, 1944, in Vienna,
392:"Domnița Elena" Railway station
102:forces. From 1943 to 1944, the
731:(in Romanian). Glasul Aradului
317:The bombing of 16/17 June 1944
118:over Timișoara. Following the
1:
1220:. No. 138. pp. 1–3.
546:RAF and USAAF air raids over
238:United States Army Air Forces
108:United States Army Air Forces
1466:"Timișoara sub bombardament"
1209:Ivan, Nicolae (1944-06-21).
951:"Temeschburg im Bombenhagel"
427:Aftermath of Allied bombings
451:The bombing of July 3, 1944
18:Bombing of Timisoara in WW2
1681:
1590:. No. 46. 1944-11-12.
1523:"Bătălia pentru Timișoara"
1472:. No. 189. p. 4.
1086:. No. 34. p. 26.
924:(in Romanian). historia.ro
1401:(in Romanian). 2021-10-24
605:1944 Romanian coup d'état
120:1944 Romanian coup d'état
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45:
37:
1323:. www.waukonstandard.com
1121:Ghinea Nouras Cristian.
476:and other localities in
1655:Romania in World War II
1365:. aircrewremembered.com
893:"Știri scurte politice"
695:On September 17, 1944,
335:464th Bombardment Group
116:strategic bombing raids
110:(USAAF) conducted both
90:was subject to several
1566:"SITUAȚIA FRONTURILOR"
1281:. www.ghostbombers.com
1188:. Imperial War Museums
1123:"Un alt 11 septembrie"
684:Fabric Railway station
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370:Handley Page Halifaxes
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159:Allied air raids over
834:Patrimonium Banaticum
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590:After August 23, 1944
548:Timiș-Torontal County
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478:Timiș-Torontal County
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230:psychological warfare
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161:Timiș-Torontal County
1660:History of Timișoara
1552:Reggeli Magyarország
790:Reggeli Magyarország
634:, the leader of the
170:classification yards
146:classification yards
92:aerial bombing raids
1622:Iedu (2018-11-11).
1527:Ziarul Actualitatea
1419:"Victor Romcescu".
466:Fifteenth Air Force
366:Vickers Wellingtons
188:The first American
130:Hungarian Air Force
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636:Legionary Movement
625:"Huniade" barracks
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494:Sânmartinu Sârbesc
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382:Operation Brassard
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1604:. ziarullumina.ro
1105:Zalai Magyar Élet
949:Egon G. Gassner.
349:squadrons of the
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232:operations the
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648:Comloșu Mic
527:, but also
242:Axis powers
176:First raids
1644:Categories
1630:2024-08-12
1608:2024-08-12
1533:2023-04-10
1405:2024-08-12
1369:2024-08-13
1348:2024-08-13
1327:2024-08-19
1285:2024-08-19
1243:2024-08-12
1192:2024-08-19
1171:2024-08-19
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1129:2024-08-15
1018:2024-08-09
957:2024-08-18
928:2024-08-12
735:2024-08-09
713:References
632:Horia Sima
603:After the
521:Blascovici
236:(RAF) and
106:(RAF) and
1470:Universul
1421:Universul
754:Universul
697:Luftwaffe
498:Peciu Nou
470:Timișoara
258:Sânandrei
210:Timișoara
190:airstrike
165:Luftwaffe
125:Luftwaffe
88:Timișoara
66:Timișoara
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855:Curentul
680:Red Army
673:bridges.
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460:Romania.
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86:city of
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250:Periam
202:Lipova
198:Buziaș
194:Orșova
122:, the
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1218:Dacia
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599:Arad.
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