31:
217:
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481:. The corners of the sizable mouth bear short, indistinct furrows, and immediately above are a series of enlarged pores that are unique within the genus. There are 25–26 upper and 23–25 lower tooth rows. The upper teeth have a single, narrow, oblique cusp with strongly serrated edges, and large cusplets on the trailing side. The lower teeth are similar, but tend to be more slender and finely serrated. The five pairs of
50:
919:
517:
are small and overlapping, each with three horizontal ridges leading to marginal teeth. This species is slate-gray above, darkening towards the tips of the dorsal fins and upper caudal fin lobe; some specimens have irregular rows of small, white blotches, which may be an artifact of handling. The
500:
is fairly large and triangular, with a blunt apex sloping down to a sinuous trailing margin; its origin lies over the free rear tips of the pectoral fins. The second dorsal fin is small and low, and originates over the middle of the
518:
underside is white, which extends onto the flanks as a vague pale band. There are faint, lighter edges on the pectoral, pelvic, and anal fin trailing margins. The largest known specimen measures 65 cm (26 in) long.
613:. Previously, several fishery surveys within its supposed historical range had failed to find it. The Borneo shark's conservation status remains precarious given its very small range in waters subjected to intensive
477:
The Borneo shark is slim-bodied, with a long, pointed snout and oblique, slit-like nostrils preceded by narrow, nipple-shaped flaps of skin. The eyes are rather large and circular, and equipped with
2032:
860:
Last, P.R.; White, W.T.; Caire, J.N.; Dharmadi; Fahmi; Jensen, K.; Lim, A.P.K.; Mabel-Matsumoto, B.; Naylor, G.J.P.; Pogonoski, J.J.; Stevens, J.D.; Yearsley, G.K. (2010).
322:. While an extant population has since been found, the Borneo shark continues to merit conservation concern given its highly limited range within heavily fished waters.
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366:. Before 2004, only five specimens of the Borneo shark were known, all of them immature and collected before 1937. In April and May 2004, researchers from
542:, despite thorough surveys across the rest of Borneo (including at the locality of the type specimen). Thus, its range may now be restricted to shallow,
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2047:
2004:
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lobe. The asymmetrical caudal fin has a well-developed lower lobe and a longer, narrow upper lobe with a strong ventral notch near the tip. The
593:. The litter size is six, and the pups are born at close to 24–28 cm (9.4–11.0 in) long. From the available specimens, the length at
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900:
869:
754:
283:, though it may once have been more widely distributed. A small, gray shark reaching 65 cm (26 in) in length, this species is the
465:) in certain traits, for example the enlarged pores by its mouth. Nevertheless, other aspects of its morphology firmly place it within
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803:
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1950:
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with a row of enlarged pores above the corners of its mouth. It has a slender body with a long, pointed snout and a low second
2009:
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30:
54:
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can be surmised to be under 55–58 cm (22–23 in) in males and under 61–65 cm (24–26 in) in females.
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in 1933; these records cannot be substantiated and there have been no subsequent sightings from these areas.
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Bleeker, P. (1858). "Twaalfde bijdrage tot de kennis der vischfauna van Borneo. Visschen van
Sinkawang".
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745:(Bleeker, 1858) (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae)". In Last, P.R.; W.T. White; J.J. Pogonoski (eds.).
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39:
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White, W.T.; Last, P.R.; Lim, A.P.K. (2010). "Rediscovery of the rare and endangered Borneo Shark
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All recent specimens of the Borneo shark have been collected solely from fishery landing sites at
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waters in northwestern Borneo. Of the five earlier specimens, four came from Borneo and one from
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like other requiem sharks; the females bear litters of six pups, which are provisioned through
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621:. It is caught by line gear and used for meat, though it has minimal commercial significance.
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Sharks of the World: An
Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date
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348:. He based his account on a newborn male 24 cm (9.4 in) long, caught off
224:
Present (dark blue) and possible historical (light blue) range of the Borneo shark
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1996:
554:, hinting at a wider historical distribution. This species was also recorded from
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Almost nothing is known about the natural history of the Borneo shark. It is
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482:
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86:
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are small and triangular with a nearly straight trailing margin. The first
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955:
Species
Description of Carcharhinus borneensis at www.shark-references.com
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1976:
1823:
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106:
530:
The Borneo shark is only known to inhabit the coastal waters of
Sarawak.
1841:
543:
539:
379:
371:
360:. Later authors have recognized this species as belonging to the genus
272:
260:
1828:
1854:
1004:
937:
691:
Dulvy, N.K., Bin Ali, A., Derrick, D., Dharmadi & Fahmi. (2021).
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136:
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study, did not place it close to any other member of the genus.
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discovered a number of additional specimens while surveying the
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963:
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Dulvy, N.K.; Bin Ali, A.; Derrick, D.; Dharmadi; Fahmi (2021).
949:
509:
bears a deep, crescent-shaped pit at the origin of the upper
492:
are short, pointed, and falcate (sickle-shaped), while the
749:. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research. pp. 17–28.
798:. Food and Agricultural Organization. pp. 458–459.
577:
are probably the main food of the Borneo shark. It is
271:
Carcharhinidae. Extremely rare, it is known only from
505:
base. There is no ridge between the dorsal fins. The
772:
Acta
Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae
346:
Acta
Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae
1966:
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836:. Princeton University Press. pp. 319–320.
747:Descriptions of New Sharks and Rays from Borneo
665:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T39367A124407121.en
581:like other requiem sharks, with the developing
895:. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil. pp. 49–50.
607:International Union for Conservation of Nature
316:International Union for Conservation of Nature
975:
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818:Garrick, J.A.F. (1982). Sharks of the genus
709:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2033:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
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960:
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787:
785:
215:
48:
29:
20:
663:
337:originally described the Borneo shark as
401:in 1988 tentatively grouped it with the
822:. NOAA Technical Report, NMFS CIRC 445.
629:
702:
686:
684:
682:
834:Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes
7:
890:Field Guide for Sharks of the Genus
864:. CSIRO Publishing. pp. 92–93.
589:connection formed from the depleted
585:provisioned by the mother through a
651:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
389:of the Borneo shark are uncertain.
609:last assessed the Borneo shark as
457:). The Borneo shark resembles the
14:
339:Carcharias (Prionodon) borneensis
917:
73:
2048:Marine fauna of Southeast Asia
318:last assessed this species as
1:
888:Voigt, M.; Weber, D. (2011).
699:. p. e.T39367A124407121.
16:Rare species of requiem shark
1654:Australian sharpnose shark (
1215:Smoothtooth blacktip shark (
1645:Caribbean sharpnose shark (
1618:Brazilian sharpnose shark (
1332:Australian blacktip shark (
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1663:Atlantic sharpnose shark (
387:evolutionary relationships
1696:Pacific spadenose shark (
1627:Pacific sharpnose shark (
1145:Pacific smalltail shark (
999:
862:Sharks and Rays of Borneo
832:Compagno, L.J.V. (1988).
794:Compagno, L.J.V. (1984).
368:Universiti Malaysia Sabah
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70:Scientific classification
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1242:Oceanic whitetip shark (
522:Distribution and habitat
341:in an 1858 issue of the
295:placed posterior to the
1793:Carcharhinus_borneensis
1779:Carcharhinus borneensis
1749:Carcharhinus borneensis
1552:Sicklefin lemon shark (
1480:Borneo broadfin shark (
1423:Irrawaddy river shark (
944:Carcharhinus borneensis
932:Carcharhinus borneensis
924:Carcharhinus borneensis
743:Carcharhinus borneensis
695:Carcharhinus borneensis
644:Carcharhinus borneensis
256:Carcharhinus borneensis
199:Carcharhinus borneensis
2053:Fish described in 1858
1636:Grey sharpnose shark (
1405:Northern river shark (
1278:Caribbean reef shark (
658:: e.T39367A124407121.
531:
326:Taxonomy and phylogeny
1968:Carcharias borneensis
1720:Whitetip reef shark (
1260:Blacktip reef shark (
926:at Wikimedia Commons
611:Critically Endangered
529:
479:nictitating membranes
320:Critically Endangered
238:Carcharias borneensis
55:Critically Endangered
1387:Borneo river shark (
1197:Pondicherry shark (
1084:C. amblyrhynchoides
570:Biology and ecology
40:Conservation status
1447:Daggernose shark (
1414:Speartooth shark (
1161:Whitecheek shark (
619:commercial fishing
601:Human interactions
532:
343:scientific journal
267:, and part of the
181:C. borneensis
2020:
2019:
1928:Open Tree of Life
1741:Taxon identifiers
1732:
1731:
1687:Spadenose shark (
1528:Whitenose shark (
1323:Spot-tail shark (
1305:Blackspot shark (
1296:Smalltail shark (
1206:Finetooth shark (
1188:Galapagos shark (
1091:Grey reef shark (
1066:C. albimarginatus
1064:Silvertip shark (
1055:Blacknose shark (
1035:Carcharhiniformes
922:Media related to
902:978-3-89937-132-1
871:978-1-921605-59-8
756:978-1-921605-57-4
451:Pondicherry shark
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1471:Broadfin shark (
1251:Hardnose shark (
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1190:C. galapagenisis
1093:C. amblyrhynchos
1082:Graceful shark (
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314:connection. The
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1262:C. melanopterus
1181:C. fitzroyensis
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1127:Spinner shark (
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411:blackspot shark
403:smalltail shark
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1258:
1256:
1254:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1244:C. longimanus
1240:
1238:
1236:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1170:Silky shark (
1168:
1166:
1164:
1163:C. dussumieri
1159:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1129:C. brevipinna
1125:
1123:
1121:
1120:C. brachyurus
1116:
1114:
1112:
1111:C. borneensis
1107:
1105:
1103:
1098:
1096:
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1089:
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1085:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1071:
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1047:
1042:
1036:
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1030:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1002:
1001:
998:
993:
992:requiem shark
985:
980:
978:
973:
971:
966:
965:
962:
956:
953:
951:
950:IUCN Red List
947:
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935:
933:
929:
928:
927:
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904:
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863:
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854:
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845:
843:0-691-08453-X
839:
835:
828:
825:
821:
815:
812:
807:
805:92-5-101384-5
801:
797:
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786:
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773:
766:
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748:
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721:
717:
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541:
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486:
484:
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439:C. dussumieri
436:
432:
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396:
395:morphological
392:
388:
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374:resources of
373:
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294:
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274:
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265:requiem shark
262:
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243:
241:Bleeker, 1858
239:
234:
231:
227:
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191:
190:Binomial name
187:
183:
182:
177:
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141:
138:
137:Selachimorpha
135:
133:Subdivision:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
24:Borneo shark
22:
19:
2038:Carcharhinus
1967:
1748:
1721:
1709:
1697:
1688:
1676:
1664:
1655:
1646:
1638:R. oligolinx
1637:
1628:
1619:
1610:
1609:Milk shark (
1598:
1586:
1585:Blue shark (
1574:
1562:
1554:N. acutidens
1553:
1541:
1529:
1517:
1505:
1493:
1482:L. tephrodes
1481:
1472:
1460:
1448:
1438:Isogomphodon
1436:
1425:G. siamensis
1424:
1415:
1406:
1397:
1388:
1376:
1364:
1352:
1341:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1279:
1270:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1224:Bull shark (
1216:
1207:
1198:
1189:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1154:
1146:
1137:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1108:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1057:C. acronotus
1056:
1046:Carcharhinus
1044:
1027:Subdivision
943:
931:
916:
893:
892:Carcharhinus
889:
861:
833:
827:
820:Carcharhinus
819:
814:
795:
775:
771:
765:
746:
742:
694:
669:. Retrieved
655:
649:
643:
604:
573:
533:
487:
476:
467:Carcharhinus
466:
462:
454:
446:
438:
430:
427:creek whaler
422:
414:
406:
391:Jack Garrick
384:
363:Carcharhinus
361:
345:
338:
329:
301:
255:
254:
251:Borneo shark
250:
248:
237:
236:
198:
196:
180:
179:
168:Carcharhinus
167:
18:
1850:iNaturalist
1773:Wikispecies
1629:R. longurio
1620:R. lalandii
1407:G. garricki
1389:G. fowlerae
1334:C. tilstoni
1316:C. signatus
1289:C. plumbeus
1271:C. obscurus
1235:C. limbatus
1199:C. hemiodon
575:Bony fishes
560:Philippines
494:pelvic fins
485:are short.
473:Description
455:C. hemiodon
352:in western
285:only member
2027:Categories
1983:Q109531593
1711:Triaenodon
1656:R. taylori
1647:R. porosus
1416:G. glyphis
1354:Galeocerdo
1342:C. tjutjot
1298:C. porosus
1253:C. macloti
1217:C. leiodon
1155:C. coatesi
1147:C. cerdale
1075:C. altimus
778:(7): 1–10.
625:References
579:viviparous
511:caudal fin
498:dorsal fin
483:gill slits
447:C. macloti
407:C. porosus
354:Kalimantan
350:Singkawang
304:viviparous
293:dorsal fin
123:Subclass:
1722:T. obesus
1678:Scoliodon
1611:R. acutus
1587:P. glauca
1543:Negaprion
1519:Nasolamia
1462:Lamiopsis
1365:G. cuvier
1325:C. sorrah
1307:C. sealei
1280:C. perezi
1226:C. leucas
1208:C. isodon
1138:C. cautus
1021:Subclass
615:artisanal
587:placental
423:C. sorrah
415:C. sealei
312:placental
308:gestation
175:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
1977:Wikidata
1868:10999883
1824:FishBase
1800:BioLib:
1758:Wikidata
1576:Prionace
1530:N. velox
1029:Selachii
1011:Chordata
1005:Animalia
1003:Kingdom
938:FishBase
705:cite web
591:yolk sac
556:Borongan
503:anal fin
299:origin.
297:anal fin
230:Synonyms
153:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1943:2299575
1907:1213674
1842:2418165
1764:Q893969
1495:Loxodon
1378:Glyphis
1009:Phylum
994:species
990:Extant
583:embryos
558:in the
544:inshore
540:Sarawak
449:), and
380:Sarawak
372:fishery
287:of its
273:inshore
261:species
259:) is a
209:, 1858)
207:Bleeker
163:Genus:
143:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
2010:160398
1956:271319
1940:uBio:
1933:378195
1920:271319
1881:160397
1803:138567
1033:Order
1015:Class
899:
868:
840:
802:
753:
671:24 May
358:Borneo
330:Dutch
281:Borneo
269:family
1951:WoRMS
1894:39367
1863:IRMNG
1855:96749
1816:68ZKH
552:China
536:Mukah
376:Sabah
310:by a
289:genus
277:Mukah
2005:ITIS
1997:R3RN
1915:OBIS
1902:NCBI
1889:IUCN
1876:ITIS
1837:GBIF
897:ISBN
866:ISBN
838:ISBN
800:ISBN
751:ISBN
711:link
673:2023
656:2021
617:and
605:The
564:Java
488:The
385:The
378:and
249:The
1992:CoL
1829:863
1811:CoL
1788:ADW
948:at
936:at
660:doi
550:in
538:in
441:),
433:),
425:),
417:),
409:),
263:of
2029::
2007::
1994::
1979::
1953::
1930::
1917::
1904::
1891::
1878::
1865::
1852::
1839::
1826::
1813::
1790::
1775::
1760::
880:^
852:^
784:^
774:.
719:^
707:}}
703:{{
681:^
654:.
648:.
632:^
469:.
382:.
356:,
1724:)
1700:)
1691:)
1667:)
1658:)
1649:)
1640:)
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1622:)
1613:)
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1565:)
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1300:)
1291:)
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1165:)
1149:)
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1113:)
1104:)
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1068:)
1059:)
983:e
976:t
969:v
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874:.
846:.
808:.
776:5
759:.
713:)
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693:"
675:.
662::
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461:(
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445:(
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421:(
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253:(
205:(
62:)
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