473:. They are composed of the borough president, council members from the borough, and the chairperson of each community board in the borough. The borough boards can hold or conduct public or private hearings, adopt by-laws, prepare comprehensive and special purpose plans and make recommendations for land use and planning, mediate disputes and conflicts among two or more community districts, submit comprehensive statements of expense and capital budget priorities and needs, evaluate the progress of capital developments and the quality and quantity of services provided by agencies, and otherwise consider the needs of the borough.
318:
92:
425:
365:
440:
88:, Brooklyn was the same as Kings County, the borough of Queens was the western third of Queens County, and the borough of Richmond was the same as Richmond County. The boroughs assumed most county functions, but did not replace them. The five offices of borough president were created to administer many of the previous responsibilities of the mayors of Brooklyn and Long Island City, the executive branch functions of the towns in Queens and Richmond, and various county functions.
335:
303:
395:
410:
1128:
1788:
380:
234:. Borough presidents generally adopt specific projects to promote while in office, but since 1990 have been mainly ceremonial leaders. Officially, they advise the mayor on issues relating to their boroughs, comment on land-use items in their boroughs, advocate for their boroughs' needs in the annual municipal budget process, appoint community boards, chair the boroughs' boards, and serve as
350:
135:
subject to removal for cause by the mayor, with approval by the governor, and a replacement elected by the borough's aldermen and councilmen. Powers included membership and voting on their borough's local boards (although without veto powers), an office in the borough hall, and appointive powers for a secretary, assistants, and clerks, which quickly became a source of
169:
in primary elections, or election of an interim borough president via the aldermen or councilmen whose votes they controlled, in return for political patronage. Although some borough presidents served for decades, the position was sometimes used as a stepping-stone to other elective offices such as judgeships or, in the case of
168:
Borough presidents gradually gained more authority, assisting in the formulation of more aspects of the city budget and controlling land use, contracts, and franchise powers. Officials of political parties sometimes rewarded faithful public servants with nomination to the borough president position
213:
was quickly revised and passed in a referendum that fall, and the Board of
Estimate was abolished. The offices of the borough presidents were retained, but with greatly reduced power. The borough budgets became the responsibility of the mayor and City Council. Borough presidents currently have a
134:
The initial city charter established the five borough president offices with terms of four years, coinciding with the term of the mayor. The salaries of the presidents of
Manhattan, the Bronx, and Brooklyn were $ 5,000, and those of Queens and Richmond were $ 3,000. The borough presidents were
499:, whose council districts cover part of the community district). Community boards advise on land use and zoning, participate in the city budget process, and address service delivery in their district. Community boards act in an advisory capacity, and have no authority to make or enforce laws.
46:
as members of various boards and committees. They generally act as advocates for their boroughs to mayoral agencies, the city council, the New York State government, public corporations, and private businesses. Their authorizing law is codified in title 4, sections 81 to 85 of the
83:
were created and consolidated into a unified city of New York. As part of the consolidation, all town and county governments within the city were dissolved, and their powers were given to the city and the boroughs. Manhattan and the Bronx comprised
130:
passed a law forming Bronx County from part of New York County on
January 1, 1914, with the latter then becoming coterminous with the Borough of Manhattan. In 1975, the name of the borough of Richmond was officially changed to Staten Island.
553:
729:
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The
Greater New York Charter — Submitted to the Legislature of the State of New York on February 20, 1897, by the Commission appointed pursuant to Chapter 488 of the Laws of 1896
1357:
1536:
1465:
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42:, comment on land-use items in their borough, advocate borough needs in the annual municipal budget process, appoint some officials and community board members, and serve
1470:
1433:
158:
In a later writer's words, the offices of the borough presidents were created to preserve "local pride and affection for the old municipalities" after consolidation.
1657:
1418:
182:
1526:
1516:
1391:
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508:
263:
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240:
members of various boards and committees. They also act as advocates for their boroughs at mayoral agencies, the City
Council, the New York State government,
1408:
1325:
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1546:
1506:
1225:
533:
214:
relatively small discretionary budget for projects within their boroughs. The last significant power of the borough presidents, to appoint members of the
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1475:
241:
231:
27:. For most of the city's history, the office exercised significant executive powers within each borough, and the five borough presidents also sat on the
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186:(489 U.S. 688) unanimously declared the New York City Board of Estimate, which had no parallel anywhere else in the United States,
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28:
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194:, the city's most populous borough, with a population of 2.2 million at the time, had the same representation on the board as
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854:
247:
Borough presidents are elected by popular vote to four-year terms and can serve up to two consecutive terms (eight years).
1617:
1607:
1374:
1205:
921:
198:, the city's least populous borough, with 350,000 residents, and therefore was a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's
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671:
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111:
32:
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24:
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107:
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667:
424:
140:
39:
1756:
1215:
1179:
838:
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814:
675:
492:
170:
148:
48:
102:
The eastern two-thirds of Queens County was not part of the borough of Queens. On
January 1, 1899, the
278:
The current borough presidents were either elected or re-elected in the most recent election in 2021:
1642:
267:
491:
composed of up to 50 volunteer members appointed by the borough president, half from nominations by
364:
115:
52:
218:, was abolished when the Board of Education became the Department of Education on June 30, 2002.
597:
439:
302:
1220:
894:
888:
792:
683:
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31:. Since 1990, the borough presidents have been stripped of a majority of their powers in the
1098:
917:
648:
Cornell Law School
Supreme Court Collection: Board of Estimate of City of New York v. Morris
403:
334:
203:
187:
119:
1001:
1307:
1068:
756:"A Champion for Brooklyn: Pols Have Raised Big Bucks for Race to Become Borough President"
679:
394:
343:
226:
The two major remaining appointments of the borough presidents are one member each on the
85:
591:
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409:
311:
1787:
1127:
1803:
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1113:
1108:
433:
428:
195:
136:
95:
80:
210:
862:
705:"Justices Void New York City's Government — Demand Voter Equality in All Boroughs"
379:
262:
are often closely aligned with the borough president, and work closely with the
1139:
349:
236:
151:, each of whom had two votes, the borough presidents each had one vote on the
1579:
1569:
1541:
1078:
1048:
368:
306:
68:
64:
1574:
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191:
72:
126:, covering about 280 square miles (730 km). On April 19, 1912, the
165:
in 1902, borough presidents were each entitled to a seat on the Board.
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1093:
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76:
989:
90:
941:
1646:
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1005:
953:
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16:
Elective office in each of the five boroughs of New York City
1786:
1126:
977:
529:
List of New York City borough halls and municipal buildings
155:, which decided matters ranging from budgets to land use.
51:, while their regulations are compiled in title 45 of the
258:
and voting on the applications. The staff of boroughwide
622:(1899), 121st session, chapter 588, section 1, p. 1336.
266:, the primary coordinating agency of city-sponsored
1598:
1560:
1489:
1272:
1236:
1186:
882:
880:
635:, 135th Session, Chapter 548; Section 1; Page 1352.
1537:Mayor's Office of Film, Theatre & Broadcasting
778:
776:
643:
641:
487:Each of the fifty-nine community districts has a
810:
808:
730:"New York City Charter, chapter 8, section 192"
183:Board of Estimate of City of New York v. Morris
581:, 120th session, chapter 378, section 2, p. 2.
509:2021 New York City borough president elections
264:New York City Economic Development Corporation
1658:
1155:
1017:
495:members representing the community district (
8:
1502:Office of Administrative Trials and Hearings
554:"New York City Charter — Borough Presidents"
1547:New York City School Construction Authority
534:List of borough presidents of New York City
1686:
1665:
1651:
1643:
1595:
1162:
1148:
1140:
1041:
1024:
1010:
1002:
927:World Statesmen List of Borough Presidents
232:New York City Panel for Educational Policy
893:. Rutgers University Press. p. 277.
98:, Borough President of Brooklyn 1977–2001
1033:Current New York City borough presidents
890:New York City Politics: Governing Gotham
849:
847:
734:American Legal Publishing's Code Library
558:American Legal Publishing's Code Library
280:
545:
455:
1404:Housing Preservation & Development
161:Upon the formation of the unicameral
23:are the chief executives of the five
7:
703:Greenhouse, Linda (March 23, 1989).
519:Government and politics of the Bronx
63:On January 1, 1898, the boroughs of
791:. New York University. p. 99.
110:from the easternmost three towns —
106:partitioned Queens County, forming
1527:Health & Hospitals Corporation
1456:Records & Information Services
859:NYC Mayor's Community Affairs Unit
754:Croghan, Lore (January 14, 2013).
202:pursuant to the high court's 1964
178:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
1674:Uniform Land Use Review Procedure
1481:Youth & Community Development
1419:Landmarks Preservation Commission
663:The Encyclopedia of New York City
483:Community boards of New York City
260:economic development corporations
252:Uniform Land Use Review Procedure
250:Borough presidents influence the
228:New York City Planning Commission
1522:Office of Chief Medical Examiner
1517:Economic Development Corporation
1302:Citywide Administrative Services
469:Each of the five boroughs has a
438:
423:
408:
393:
378:
363:
348:
333:
316:
301:
216:New York City Board of Education
1552:Taxi & Limousine Commission
465:Borough boards of New York City
153:New York City Board of Estimate
29:New York City Board of Estimate
1316:Consumer and Worker Protection
789:Urban Politics, New York Style
38:Borough presidents advise the
1:
1507:Business Integrity Commission
922:Rules of the City of New York
785:"The Other Elected Officials"
783:Eichenthal, David R. (1990).
660:Jackson, Kenneth T. (1995).
230:and two members each of the
204:"one man, one vote" decision
1815:Government of New York City
1512:Conflicts of Interest Board
1497:City University of New York
1387:Health & Mental Hygiene
1171:Government of New York City
936:Borough president websites
932:Contact a Borough President
672:New York Historical Society
524:Government of Staten Island
514:Government of New York City
33:government of New York City
1831:
480:
462:
274:Current borough presidents
244:, and private businesses.
222:Roles and responsibilities
128:New York State Legislature
104:New York State Legislature
1784:
1684:
1471:Technology and Innovation
1331:Design & Construction
1264:Independent Budget Office
1177:
1124:
1039:
147:and the president of the
25:boroughs of New York City
1742:City Planning Commission
1358:Environmental Protection
855:"About Community Boards"
650:, accessed June 12, 2006
418:December 2020 – present
1466:Small Business Services
450:January 2022 – present
388:January 2022 – present
358:January 2022 – present
328:January 2022 – present
200:Equal Protection Clause
176:On March 22, 1989, the
1791:
1434:Parks & Recreation
1131:
668:New Haven, Connecticut
633:Laws of New York; 1912
579:Laws of New York; 1897
254:(ULURP) by appointing
99:
40:mayor of New York City
1790:
1429:Management and Budget
1180:New York City Charter
1130:
839:New York City Charter
827:New York City Charter
815:New York City Charter
676:Yale University Press
171:Robert F. Wagner, Jr.
94:
49:New York City Charter
1353:Emergency Management
887:Berg, Bruce (2007).
268:economic development
190:on the grounds that
1292:Children's Services
1244:Board of Correction
760:New York Daily News
242:public corporations
137:political patronage
53:New York City Rules
1810:Borough Presidents
1792:
1249:Board of Elections
1237:Independent organs
1221:Borough Presidents
1132:
918:Borough Presidents
120:Rockaway peninsula
100:
21:borough presidents
1797:
1796:
1781:
1780:
1727:Borough president
1640:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1532:Housing Authority
1399:Homeless Services
1187:Elected officials
1137:
1136:
1121:
1120:
596:. 1897. pp.
454:
453:
163:Board of Aldermen
139:. Along with the
1822:
1774:
1759:
1744:
1729:
1714:
1712:Community boards
1699:
1687:
1667:
1660:
1653:
1644:
1600:Community boards
1596:
1368:Sheriff's Office
1326:Cultural Affairs
1164:
1157:
1150:
1141:
1099:Donovan Richards
1042:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1003:
996:
993:
992:.statenislandusa
991:
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981:
979:
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960:
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875:
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865:on April 9, 2015
861:. Archived from
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620:Laws of New York
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477:Community boards
442:
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404:Donovan Richards
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256:community boards
188:unconstitutional
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1542:NYC Media Group
1485:
1409:Human Resources
1308:The City Record
1268:
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1206:Public Advocate
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1173:
1168:
1138:
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1122:
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1087:
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1072:
1069:Antonio Reynoso
1067:
1057:
1052:
1035:
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988:
987:Staten Island:
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964:
952:
940:
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909:
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489:community board
485:
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344:Antonio Reynoso
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124:North Hempstead
86:New York County
61:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1490:Other agencies
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1476:Transportation
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1259:Criminal Court
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1054:Vanessa Gibson
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912:External links
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709:New York Times
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481:Main article:
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459:Borough boards
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1697:City Planning
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1678:New York City
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1562:Five boroughs
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