Knowledge (XXG)

Sutherland and Caithness Railway

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forthcoming now when it was not in 1866. The Duke of Sutherland decided upon promoting a similar line, the Sutherland and Caithness Railway. In the 1871 session of Parliament, the Sutherland and Caithness Railway was proposed by the Duke of Sutherland, while the Caithness Railway also went to Parliament asking for an extension of time. The opposing schemes were reviewed by the Parliamentary Select Committee on 3 and 4 May 1871, and it was the Sutherland and Caithness Railway that got its Act on 13 July 1871. The Caithness Railway was rejected, and it was abandoned by
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population in 1864 was 7,475 and Wick had 3,426. It applied for an extension of time in the 1871 session of Parliament, but was opposed by a Bill from the Sutherland and Caithness Railway, which proposed connecting the Duke of Sutherland's Railway at Helmsdale to Wick and Thurso. This was obviously much more in the public interest, and it was the Sutherland and Caithness Railway which was authorised; the Caithness Company powers were cancelled.
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as the committee wanted the shortest line from Wick to the south, which meant a coastal route via the Ord. Such a route was designed, with a summit level of 1,074 ft and a gradient of 1 in 40 for a distance of seven miles; in addition a rope worked incline would be needed for a 1 in 10 slope at Berriedale. Common sense prevailed and this wild scheme was abandoned.
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Between 400 and 560 men were employed in each main section, many being local or from elsewhere in Sutherland. They departed so far from the conventional image of the railway navvy as to combine among themselves to pay for a preacher to come on Sunday. In order to provide accommodation for them, the
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The Duke of Sutherland said he wished he had known more of the Festiniog Railway six years ago. "I have expended," said His Grace, "about £200,000 in promoting and making railways in the north. Had these lines been constructed on the narrow gauge, and had they in consequence cost only two-thirds of
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The construction of the Duke of Sutherland's Railway, reaching Helmsdale in 1870, spurred the slumbering Caithness Railway directors into action, and they resolved to build a line, pretty much like Mitchell's original route, from Helmsdale to Wick and Thurso. They did not say how the money would be
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presents a barrier that is discouraging for railway designers, and Mitchell recommended a route that went round it to the north-west; it added mileage but would be cheaper and easier. Such a route would also open up inland country that might be developed for agriculture. In Wick this was unpopular,
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was now brought in, and he provisionally agreed that he would construct the line and take £100,000 in shares as part payment. This still left a considerable sum to be found, and interests in Caithness were unwilling to help. The Duke of Sutherland withdrew his financial support in consequence. The
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The Caithness Railway was formed with the plan of connecting Wick and Thurso to one another, without connecting to the Sutherland lines. It obtained Parliamentary authority on 30 July 1866, but no construction was carried out, due to lack of share subscription "despite strenuous efforts". Thurso's
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The first train to traverse the new railway from end to end was the duke's. He drove his own locomotive Dunrobin into the new station at Wick on 9 July 1874, two days after the last rails had been laid. The Provost and a few local worthies turned out to greet him, but it was a somewhat restrained
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had organised a collection to make him a presentation to mark his contribution, but the duke deprecated the notion, saying he had enough silver plate already, and asked that Sir Tollemache's collection be distributed among 'those poor fellows who have borne the burden and the heat of the day in
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The Wick line stopped at the town boundary of Wick, and the Thurso branch at the edge of town, without giving access to Wick harbour or Scrabster pier. Joseph Mitchell had criticised the fact. Once again the Duke of Sutherland supplied money: he put £60,000 into the new line, and the
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During the survey the Duke of Sutherland had seriously considered the idea of a 2 ft 6in gauge line: the potential saving in construction and operating costs was tempting, but the problem of trans-shipping goods and passengers prevailed.
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the sum that has been expended on them, I should have obtained a direct return on this large sum which I have laid out for the benefit of my estates and of the people in those remote districts. As it is I shall suffer considerable loss."
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Caithness Railway got its Act for a "local line" (Wick to Thurso) on 30 July 1866, but against a nominal share capital of £130,000, the value of shares subscribed was only £27,000. The railway was quite unable to build its line.
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Returning to Mitchell's route, raising the money was now a problem, as Wick was satisfied with its coastal shipping links and did not wish to pay to open up areas of Sutherland. The railway contractor
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His train then went to Thurso, where a crowd estimated at three thousand was waiting, with two bands. A banquet had been prepared, at which the duke was a somewhat reluctant guest of honour.
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harbour had been built for exporting locally quarried flagstones in the early 1840s. Both Scrabster and Wick were involved as steamer ports and in the fishing industry.
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Its roundabout route was forced by the difficult topography north of Helmsdale. It opened in 1874 and continues in use at the present day as the northern part of the
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By August 1874, a month after the opening of the line, the authorised capital was £480,000, comprising £360,000 in Ordinary shares and £119,960 in loans.
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Salzcraggie Platform; opened for private shooting 28 July 1874; fully public from 26 May 1907; plain Salzcraggie from 1962; closed 29 November 1965;
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During the construction, there were immense tracts of soft peat moss to contend with from the County March to Dorrery, a distance of 12 miles.
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guaranteed £50,000. Not one shareholder came from Wick. At this point, 7,603 shares had been issued, at a value of £76,030.
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reception for 'they do not in their corporate or personal capacity hold a single £10 share of the railway among them'.
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was being built, there was discussion too of a possible railway to link Wick and Thurso, and in September 1864
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formed a committee to promote a railway to join with the line coming north from Inverness. The engineer
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Borrobol Platform; opened September 1876; renamed Borrobol 10 September 1962; closed 29 November 1965;
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A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Volume 15, North of Scotland
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pushing on the works as they have done. I refer to the workmen on the line'.
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Railway Passenger Stations in England, Wales and Scotland: A Chronology
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Helmsdale; station on Duke of Sutherland's Railway; opened 17 May 1871;
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was asked to survey a line from Helmsdale to Wick and Thurso.
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An Historical Geography of the Railways of the British Isles
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The line was inspected on 20 July for the Board of Trade by
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Interests in Inverness had pushed railways northwards: the
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planned houses for isolated surfacemen were built early.
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was a Scottish railway company that built a line from
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Georgemas Junction; opened 28 July 1874; often plain
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The Sutherland and Caithness Railway merged with the
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had put his own money into building what became the
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Hoy; opened 1 October 1874; closed 29 November 1965;
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Directory of the Railway Companies of Great Britain
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Bilbster; opened 28 July 1874; closed 13 June 1960;
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A part of that was a discussion of the 695:before running out of money in 1868; and 2259:Railway companies disestablished in 1884 1050: 1048: 1046: 979: 977: 955:, from Inverness to Wick and Inverness. 931:Thurso; opened 28 July 1874; still open. 785:The Times Newspaper carried a report on 675:Sutherland and Caithness Railway in 1874 1855:Charlestown Railway and Harbour Company 964: 109: 2213:Rothesay and Ettrick Bay Light Railway 2142:Glasgow, Barrhead and Kilmarnock Joint 2112:Caledonian and Dumbartonshire Junction 1905:Edinburgh, Loanhead and Roslin Railway 1543:Caledonian and Dumbartonshire Junction 648:, giving the northern towns access to 28: 1900:Edinburgh, Leith and Newhaven Railway 1431:Lines built by the Caledonian Railway 1194:Historical Scottish railway companies 7: 2096:Wilsontown, Morningside and Coltness 2046:North British, Arbroath and Montrose 1573:Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr 1320:General Terminus and Glasgow Harbour 2178:Cromarty and Dingwall Light Railway 1810:Aberlady, Gullane and North Berwick 1641:Banff, Macduff and Turriff Junction 1370:Lochearnhead, St Fillans and Comrie 2152:Portpatrick and Wigtownshire Joint 1955:Glasgow, Dumbarton and Helensburgh 412: 25: 1815:Anstruther and St Andrews Railway 1671:Inverury and Old Meldrum Junction 1295:Dumfries, Lochmaben and Lockerbie 1212:Glasgow and South Western Railway 18:Borrobol Platform railway station 2249:Early Scottish railway companies 2208:Perth, Almond Valley and Methven 1380:Perth, Almond Valley and Methven 739:Inverness and Ross-shire Railway 681:Inverness and Ross-shire Railway 626:Sutherland and Caithness Railway 573: 562: 543: 521: 482: 460: 418: 411: 404: 366: 355: 348: 341: 316: 309: 284: 277: 252: 245: 220: 213: 206: 187: 165: 30:Sutherland and Caithness Railway 2274:1874 establishments in Scotland 2030:Newburgh and North Fife Railway 1990:Leadburn, Linton and Dolphinton 1737:Inverness and Aberdeen Junction 1563:Girvan and Portpatrick Junction 1415:Symington, Biggar and Broughton 1217:Great North of Scotland Railway 1036:John Thomas and David Turnock, 356: 349: 253: 214: 53:28 July 1874–30 July 1884 2223:Tranent to Cockenzie Waggonway 2198:Lealt Valley Diatomite Railway 2000:Leven and East of Fife Railway 1985:Kirkcaldy and District Railway 1960:Glasgow and Milngavie Junction 1792:Wick and Lybster Light Railway 1568:Glasgow, Dumfries and Carlisle 1355:Lanarkshire and Dumbartonshire 987:Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland 937:Wick and Lybster Light Railway 878:Kinbrace; opened 28 July 1874; 221: 207: 1: 2076:Slamannan and Borrowstounness 1742:Inverness and Aviemore Direct 1646:Banff, Portsoy and Strathisla 1375:Paisley and Barrhead District 1335:Glasgow, Paisley and Greenock 1310:Dundee and Perth and Aberdeen 1300:Dunblane, Doune and Callander 1142:The Railways of the Future II 563: 419: 166: 2254:Railway lines opened in 1874 2193:Invergarry and Fort Augustus 2137:Glasgow and Renfrew District 2091:West of Fife Mineral Railway 2081:Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway 1965:Glasgow, Yoker and Clydebank 1752:Inverness and Perth Junction 951:The line is now part of the 718:Wick was the county town of 701:Duke of Sutherland's Railway 634:Duke of Sutherland's Railway 522: 461: 317: 310: 285: 246: 188: 2168:Brechin and Edzell District 2066:Strathendrick and Aberfoyle 1870:Dunfermline and Queensferry 1712:Buckie and Portessie Branch 1548:Castle Douglas and Dumfries 1290:Crieff and Methven Junction 990:. Edinburgh: Thomas C. Jack 984:Groome, Francis (1882–85). 544: 483: 405: 342: 278: 2290: 2010:Monkland and Kirkintilloch 1762:Kyle of Lochalsh Extension 915:Wick; opened 28 July 1874; 791:Double Fairlie locomotives 787:The Railways of the Future 773:order on 23 January 1873. 2132:Glasgow and Paisley Joint 1950:Glasgow City and District 1553:Dalry and North Johnstone 1523:Ayrshire and Wigtownshire 1400:Scottish Midland Junction 1390:Rutherglen and Coatbridge 1360:Leadhills and Wanlockhead 571: 556: 552: 534: 530: 495: 491: 473: 469: 434: 427: 395: 364: 332: 325: 300: 293: 268: 261: 236: 229: 200: 196: 178: 174: 156: 2188:Hagdale Chromate Railway 2061:Stirling and Dunfermline 1935:Forth and Clyde Junction 1930:Fife and Kinross Railway 1772:Sutherland and Caithness 1757:Inverness and Ross-shire 1513:Ayr and Maybole Junction 1440:CR Cleland and Midcalder 1350:Lanarkshire and Ayrshire 807:Sutherland and Caithness 777:Narrow gauge alternative 2147:Kilsyth and Bonnybridge 2056:The St. Andrews Railway 1835:Border Counties Railway 1825:Bathgate and Coatbridge 1503:Ardrossan and Johnstone 1345:Hamilton and Strathaven 1340:Greenock and Wemyss Bay 1330:Glasgow Central Railway 832:Sir Tollemache Sinclair 1910:Edinburgh and Northern 1885:Edinburgh and Dalkeith 1880:Edinburgh and Bathgate 1691:St Combs Light Railway 1533:Bridge of Weir Railway 1460:CR Hamiltonhill Branch 1405:Scottish North Eastern 1014:Gazetteer for Scotland 971:Awdry (1990), page 105 804: 734: 697:the Duke of Sutherland 676: 632:, the terminus of the 2203:Lochaber Narrow Gauge 2127:Darvel and Strathaven 2086:West Highland Railway 1980:Kinross-shire Railway 1970:Kelvin Valley Railway 1890:Edinburgh and Glasgow 1787:Dornoch Light Railway 1666:Formartine and Buchan 1578:Greenock and Ayrshire 1508:Ayr and Dalmellington 1227:North British Railway 857:on 1 September 1884. 799: 743:the Earl of Caithness 732: 687:station in 1864; the 674: 2041:North Berwick Branch 1895:Edinburgh and Hawick 1875:East of Fife Railway 1865:Devon Valley Railway 1840:Border Union Railway 1626:Aberdeen and Turriff 1583:Kilmarnock and Troon 1325:Garnkirk and Glasgow 1132:Ross, pages 64 to 69 1098:The Highland Railway 1096:H E Vallance et al, 1056:The Highland Railway 591:Sutherland's Railway 2218:Skye Marble Railway 2183:Dundee and Arbroath 2122:Dundee and Arbroath 2020:Montrose and Bervie 1940:Gifford and Garvald 1747:Inverness and Nairn 1603:Paisley and Renfrew 1425:Wishaw and Coltness 1275:Clydesdale Junction 1260:Arbroath and Forfar 925:Georgemas Junction; 885:County March Summit 683:opened as far as a 31: 1777:Sutherland Railway 1722:Duke of Sutherland 1696:Strathspey Railway 1676:Keith and Dufftown 1631:Aboyne and Braemar 1608:Paisley Canal Line 1598:Maybole and Girvan 1593:Maidens and Dunure 1489:Glasgow and South 1475:Callander and Oban 1455:CR Hamilton Branch 1365:Lesmahagow Railway 1315:Forfar and Brechin 1207:Caledonian Railway 947:Current operations 735: 691:had got as far as 689:Sutherland Railway 677: 231:Georgemas Junction 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747:Joseph Mitchell 733:Joseph Mitchell 709: 669: 654:Joseph Mitchell 598: 574: 567: 548: 526: 487: 465: 423: 416: 409: 391: 367: 360: 353: 346: 321: 314: 289: 282: 257: 250: 225: 218: 211: 192: 170: 148: 139: 138: 136: 132: 96: 89: 85: 82: 80: 79:4 ft  78: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2287: 2285: 2277: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2236: 2235: 2229: 2228: 2226: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2164: 2162: 2158: 2157: 2155: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2114: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2101: 2099: 2098: 2093: 2088: 2083: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1845:Campsie Branch 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1806: 1804: 1798: 1797: 1795: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1780: 1779: 1774: 1769: 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6: 4: 3: 2: 2286: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2241: 2239: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2214: 2211: 2209: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2194: 2191: 2189: 2186: 2184: 2181: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2165: 2163: 2159: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2140: 2138: 2135: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2109: 2107: 2103: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2074: 2072: 2069: 2067: 2064: 2062: 2059: 2057: 2054: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2044: 2042: 2039: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2003: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1995:Leven Railway 1993: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1963: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1805: 1801:North British 1799: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1782: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1651:Boddam Branch 1649: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1636:Alford Valley 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1621: 1615: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1579: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1569: 1566: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1558:Darvel Branch 1556: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1544: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1526: 1524: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1487: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1430: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1420:Talla Railway 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1266: 1265:Busby Railway 1263: 1261: 1258: 1256: 1253: 1251: 1250:Alloa Railway 1248: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1240: 1234: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1204: 1202: 1198: 1189: 1184: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1170: 1169: 1166: 1156: 1150: 1147: 1143: 1138: 1135: 1129: 1127: 1125: 1123: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1077: 1074: 1070: 1064: 1061: 1057: 1051: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1033: 1031: 1027: 1015: 1011: 1005: 1002: 989: 988: 980: 978: 974: 968: 965: 958: 956: 954: 946: 944: 943:1903 – 1944. 942: 939:connected at 938: 930: 927: 924: 923: 920:Thurso branch 919: 914: 911: 908: 905: 902: 898: 895: 892: 889: 886: 883: 880: 877: 874: 871: 868: 865: 864: 860: 858: 856: 848: 846: 843: 841: 836: 833: 828: 824: 821: 817: 815: 806: 803: 798: 796: 792: 788: 783: 776: 774: 772: 766: 763: 758: 755: 750: 748: 744: 740: 731: 727: 725: 721: 716: 713: 706: 704: 702: 698: 694: 690: 686: 682: 673: 666: 664: 662: 657: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 635: 631: 627: 614: 612: 610: 608: 606: 604: 602: 601: 592: 589: 588: 585: 582: 581: 569: 560: 558: 555: 550: 541: 539: 537: 533: 528: 519: 517: 510: 507: 506: 503: 500: 499: 494: 489: 480: 478: 476: 472: 467: 458: 456: 449: 446: 445: 442: 439: 438: 433: 430: 425: 402: 400: 398: 394: 385: 384:Light Railway 382: 381: 378: 375: 374: 362: 339: 337: 335: 331: 328: 323: 307: 305: 303: 299: 296: 291: 275: 273: 271: 267: 264: 259: 243: 241: 239: 235: 232: 227: 204: 202: 199: 194: 185: 183: 181: 177: 172: 163: 161: 159: 155: 152: 151: 147: 143: 142: 129: 124: 122: 117: 115: 110: 107: 106: 97:1,435 mm 77: 75: 71: 66: 63: 60: 56: 52: 48: 45: 42: 38: 33: 27: 19: 1830:Blane Valley 1771: 1588:Largs Branch 1538:Cairn Valley 1445:CR Main Line 1435:Balerno line 1154: 1149: 1141: 1137: 1097: 1081: 1076: 1068: 1067:E F Carter, 1063: 1055: 1054:David Ross, 1037: 1017:. Retrieved 1013: 1004: 992:. Retrieved 986: 967: 950: 934: 900: 884: 852: 844: 837: 829: 825: 822: 818: 810: 800: 786: 784: 780: 767: 761: 759: 751: 736: 717: 714: 710: 685:Bonar Bridge 678: 658: 625: 623: 26: 2161:Other lines 2105:Joint lines 1681:Moray Coast 1153:M E Quick, 887:; 708 feet; 502:Salzcraggie 270:Scotscalder 74:Track gauge 2269:Sutherland 2238:Categories 2117:City Union 1920:Esk Valley 1820:Ballochney 1686:Morayshire 1236:Caledonian 959:References 667:Background 302:Altnabreac 2264:Caithness 2071:Slamannan 1019:9 January 994:9 January 901:Georgemas 861:Locations 840:Col. Rich 737:When the 724:Scrabster 720:Caithness 650:Inverness 646:Caithness 630:Helmsdale 536:Helmsdale 334:Forsinard 68:Technical 58:Successor 509:Platform 475:Kildonan 448:Platform 441:Borrobol 397:Kinbrace 327:Bilbster 93: in 44:Scotland 35:Overview 1803:Railway 1656:Deeside 1238:Railway 793:on the 693:Golspie 584:Duke of 238:Halkirk 88:⁄ 642:Thurso 515: 454: 295:Watten 158:Thurso 146:Legend 40:Locale 1255:Alyth 597: 578: 496: 435: 390: 371: 263:Bower 1021:2024 996:2024 941:Wick 935:The 640:and 638:Wick 624:The 429:Wick 644:in 636:to 180:Hoy 2240:: 1117:^ 1105:^ 1089:^ 1045:^ 1029:^ 1012:. 976:^ 797:: 663:. 1187:e 1180:t 1173:v 1023:. 998:. 903:; 127:e 120:t 113:v 99:) 95:( 90:2 86:1 83:+ 81:8 20:)

Index

Borrobol Platform railway station
Scotland
Highland Railway
Track gauge
v
t
e
Legend
Thurso
Hoy
Georgemas Junction
Halkirk
Bower
Scotscalder
Watten
Altnabreac
Bilbster
Forsinard
Wick and Lybster
Light Railway
Kinbrace
Wick
Borrobol
Platform
Kildonan
Salzcraggie
Platform
Helmsdale
Duke of
Sutherland's Railway

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