37:
135:
Botswana residents, paint two dimensional pictures of wildlife for the same market, which also includes various items such as T-shirts, hunting knives, shoes and hats. Leather-work is also popular, as are items made from legally culled or utilitarian urban objects such as bottle tops and wire; drums, beading, rattles, musical instruments such as the
19:
88:, for which the San are justifiably famous: right across the South-East African region their ancestors left dynamic paintings on rock faces and cave walls, executed in unknown and highly resilient pigments that have lasted millennia. Depictions of animals, hunts, ceremonies and dances are common. The
134:
These days the art industry thrives in the production of items for tourist consumption. The
Okavango swamp, some parts of the Kalahari desert tourist trail and various game reserves all support active local art industries. The major towns also have tourist galleries. Some artists, including white
113:
of stone and wood (usually of animals or people), sculptures and pottery; 'township' art made of disca instruments, carved walking sticks, knobkerries and many other art forms. One art that is particularly developed in
Botswana is the preparation and marketing of hides and furs that have been
125:
There is a great deal of overlap between the two groups' artwork: for example the wire, ironwork and beads used in San items would have been obtained by trade from Bantu peoples, who themselves would have obtained some of their raw art material such as skins and animal horns from the San.
96:
in 2001, containing some 4,500 rock paintings in total; not all the art covered by this designation is by San people or their ancestors. Most paintings may be from the last 1000 or 2000 years, although much older dates are sometimes claimed. It is difficult to date most paintings; often
80:
shells, clay water filters, animal skins, arrows, bows and pots often received added decoration by way of incised or relief decoration, imprinted pottery decoration, beading and carving. These tribes also carved art objects that had no other function, most often animals.
114:
stitched together, often combined in decorative panels using the different fur types and colours from different animals. These can have a definite use as well, being derived originally from the '
118:' or desert blanket suited to the very cold conditions of the Kalahari at night and in winter. Woollen and crocheted blankets in local patterns are also popular.
146:, South African artists in exile gathered in Botswana under the name Medu Art Ensemble to produce political artwork. The National Art Gallery at the
302:
247:
36:
48:
has varied among the different ethnic groups and throughout history. Historically it has fallen into two main categories: that of the
275:
610:
380:
109:
Tswana and other Bantu peoples' art is more similar to that of Bantu peoples in the rest of southeastern Africa. Sophisticated
199:
187:
365:
385:
295:
93:
26:
525:
72:
The first is of greater antiquity in origin and includes the decoration of many of the devices and equipment the
636:
400:
147:
101:
methods can be used for materials on the floor of a shelter, but these may not relate to the dates of the art.
683:
679:
675:
714:
692:
375:
288:
535:
485:
470:
425:
360:
490:
565:
440:
410:
666:
662:
653:
644:
585:
580:
550:
540:
345:
640:
560:
450:
555:
445:
98:
615:
500:
271:
243:
590:
415:
390:
355:
340:
212:
575:
545:
530:
515:
505:
495:
460:
455:
405:
350:
325:
166:
119:
708:
520:
475:
435:
330:
311:
510:
465:
430:
420:
395:
335:
85:
57:
22:
237:
570:
480:
370:
73:
49:
213:"Medu Art Ensemble, Gaborone, Botswana. You Have Struck a Rock. 1981 | MoMA"
143:
110:
61:
89:
77:
53:
30:
18:
115:
136:
35:
17:
280:
284:
122:
is also carried out to a high level of skill and variation.
40:
139:
and stringed animals such as elephant hair bracelets.
200:
Culture and
Traditions of Botswana | Arts and Crafts
188:
Culture and
Traditions of Botswana | Arts and Crafts
624:
599:
318:
270:, Thames & Hudson, World of Art series, 1971,
296:
8:
150:displays traditional and contemporary art.
76:needed for desert existence. Items such as
303:
289:
281:
159:
92:Hills in Botswana were recognised as a
7:
14:
611:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
381:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1:
239:Botswana: The Insider's Guide
60:-derived peoples such as the
169:, Trust for African Rock Art
84:More ancient art is that of
236:Michler, Ian (2004-01-01).
731:
94:UNESCO World Heritage Site
27:UNESCO World Heritage Site
366:Central African Republic
148:Botswana National Museum
167:"Rock Art of Botswana"
41:
33:
526:São Tomé and Príncipe
386:Republic of the Congo
39:
21:
601:States with limited
52:(also known as the
99:radiocarbon dating
56:) and that of the
42:
34:
702:
701:
628:other territories
401:Equatorial Guinea
249:978-1-86872-996-8
722:
689:
688:(United Kingdom)
684:Tristan da Cunha
680:Ascension Island
672:
659:
650:
626:Dependencies and
319:Sovereign states
305:
298:
291:
282:
266:Willett, Frank,
254:
253:
233:
227:
226:
224:
223:
209:
203:
202:, Botswana.co.za
197:
191:
190:, botswana.co.za
185:
179:
176:
170:
164:
730:
729:
725:
724:
723:
721:
720:
719:
705:
704:
703:
698:
697:
687:
670:
657:
648:
629:
627:
620:
604:
602:
595:
314:
309:
258:
257:
250:
235:
234:
230:
221:
219:
211:
210:
206:
198:
194:
186:
182:
177:
173:
165:
161:
156:
132:
107:
70:
46:art of Botswana
12:
11:
5:
728:
726:
718:
717:
707:
706:
700:
699:
696:
695:
693:Western Sahara
690:
673:
660:
651:
637:Canary Islands
633:
632:
630:
625:
622:
621:
619:
618:
613:
607:
605:
600:
597:
596:
594:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
322:
320:
316:
315:
312:Art of Africa
310:
308:
307:
300:
293:
285:
279:
278:
263:
262:
256:
255:
248:
228:
204:
192:
180:
178:Willett, 56-58
171:
158:
157:
155:
152:
131:
128:
120:Basket weaving
106:
103:
69:
66:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
727:
716:
713:
712:
710:
694:
691:
685:
681:
677:
674:
668:
664:
661:
655:
652:
646:
642:
638:
635:
634:
631:
623:
617:
614:
612:
609:
608:
606:
598:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
441:Guinea-Bissau
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
323:
321:
317:
313:
306:
301:
299:
294:
292:
287:
286:
283:
277:
276:9780500203644
273:
269:
265:
264:
260:
259:
251:
245:
241:
240:
232:
229:
218:
214:
208:
205:
201:
196:
193:
189:
184:
181:
175:
172:
168:
163:
160:
153:
151:
149:
145:
140:
138:
129:
127:
123:
121:
117:
112:
104:
102:
100:
95:
91:
87:
82:
79:
75:
67:
65:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
38:
32:
28:
24:
20:
16:
715:Botswana art
676:Saint Helena
647:
551:South Africa
541:Sierra Leone
346:Burkina Faso
267:
238:
231:
220:. Retrieved
217:www.moma.org
216:
207:
195:
183:
174:
162:
141:
133:
124:
108:
86:San rock art
83:
71:
45:
43:
23:San rock art
15:
603:recognition
556:South Sudan
446:Ivory Coast
268:African Art
50:San peoples
44:The visual
658:(Portugal)
616:Somaliland
536:Seychelles
501:Mozambique
486:Mauritania
471:Madagascar
426:The Gambia
361:Cape Verde
242:. Struik.
222:2016-01-17
154:References
130:Modern art
491:Mauritius
144:Apartheid
105:Bantu art
709:Category
682: /
678: /
671:(France)
665: /
643: /
639: /
591:Zimbabwe
566:Tanzania
416:Ethiopia
411:Eswatini
391:Djibouti
356:Cameroon
341:Botswana
111:carvings
62:Batswana
667:Réunion
663:Mayotte
654:Madeira
649:(Spain)
645:Melilla
576:Tunisia
546:Somalia
531:Senegal
516:Nigeria
506:Namibia
496:Morocco
461:Liberia
456:Lesotho
406:Eritrea
376:Comoros
351:Burundi
326:Algeria
261:Sources
142:During
90:Tsodilo
78:ostrich
68:San art
54:Bushmen
31:Tsodilo
25:at the
686:
669:
656:
586:Zambia
581:Uganda
521:Rwanda
476:Malawi
436:Guinea
331:Angola
274:
246:
116:kaross
641:Ceuta
561:Sudan
511:Niger
466:Libya
451:Kenya
431:Ghana
421:Gabon
396:Egypt
336:Benin
137:mbira
58:Bantu
571:Togo
481:Mali
371:Chad
272:ISBN
244:ISBN
74:San
29:of
711::
215:.
64:.
304:e
297:t
290:v
252:.
225:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
