805:
198:
963:
508:), established a historical commission to estimate losses to public property alone that were inflicted on the city by German authorities. The commission estimated the losses to be at least $ 31.5 billion. Those estimates were later raised to $ 45 billion and in 2005, to $ 54.6 billion (all equated to 2004 dollars). The official estimates don't include immense losses of private property, which are of unknown value since almost all of the pre-war documents (such as insurance values of private collections) have also been destroyed, but are considered between double and triple the official estimates (which are based on documented losses only while for example, the National Library's list of pre-war property lost estimated to be 1% of its collection since Germans destroyed all archives too).
818:
270:, Warsaw was to be turned into a provincial German city of 130,000. Third Reich planners drafted precise drawings outlining a historic "Germanic" core where a select few landmarks would be saved, such as the Royal Castle which would serve as Hitler's state residence. The Plan, which was composed of 15 drawings and a miniature architectural model, was named after German army architect Friedrich Pabst who refined the concept of destroying a nation's morale and culture by destroying its physical and architectural manifestations. The design of the actual new German city over the site of Warsaw was devised by Hubert Gross. The aftermath of the failure of the Warsaw Uprising presented an opportunity for Hitler to begin to realize his pre-war conception.
948:
891:
350:
446:
933:
975:
1005:
469:
918:
405:
876:
831:
846:
990:
396:. The security police and the SS segregated the deportees and decided their fate. Approximately 650,000 people passed through the PruszkĂłw camp in August, September, and October. Approximately 55,000 were sent to concentration camps, including 13,000 to Auschwitz. They included people from a variety of social classes, occupations, physical conditions, and ages. Evacuees ranged from infants only a few weeks old to the extremely elderly. In a few cases, these were also people of different ethnic backgrounds, including Jews living on "Aryan papers".
1047:
861:
133:
458:
903:
1024:
517:
247:
804:
2562:
3160:
525:
289:
36:
2296:
817:
496:, and most of the city's historical monuments. Almost a million inhabitants lost all of their possessions. The exact losses of private and public property, including pieces of art, other cultural artifacts and scientific artifacts, is unknown but must be considered substantial since Warsaw and its inhabitants were the richest and wealthiest Poles in pre-war Poland. In 2004, the
1719:
342:
627:, acquired collections of 70,000 works (97,000 volumes), more than 2,000 manuscripts, 624 parchment diplomas, several thousand manuscripts, a collection of engravings, coins and 315 maps and atlases. Library collections also gathered numerous collections of art: a rich collection of militaria, miniatures, porcelain,
646:, Switzerland, in 1870 as "a refuge for historic memorabilia dishonored and plundered in the homeland" and for the promotion of Polish interests. The greater part of library's collections, originally 20,000 engravings, 92,000 books and 27,000 manuscripts, were deliberately destroyed by the Germans in 1944.
392:'s Train Repair Shops (ZakĆady Naprawcze Taboru Kolejowego) to house the evacuees expelled from Warsaw. In the course of the Warsaw Uprising and its suppression, the Germans deported approximately 550,000 of the city's residents and approximately 100,000 civilians from its outskirts, sending them to
602:
were lost. The PrzeĆșdziecki Estate
Library in 6 Foksal Street included 60,000 volumes and 500 manuscripts, a rich archive containing 800 parchment and paper documents, and a cartographic collection consisting of 350 maps, atlases and plans. In addition to 10,000 prints and drawings, there was an
653:
where specific books were deliberately targeted, the burning of those libraries was part of the general burning of a large part of the city of Warsaw. This resulted in the disappearance of many valuable old books and scrolls among about sixteen million volumes from
National Library, museums and
186:
German forces dedicated an unprecedented effort to razing the city, destroying 80â90% of Warsaw's buildings, including the vast majority of museums, art galleries, theaters, churches, parks, and historical buildings such as castles and palaces. They deliberately demolished, burned, or stole an
619:, 1456), valuable collection of miniatures and decorative art: textiles, porcelain, faience, glass, gold objects, military, etc. It burned down on September 25, 1939 as a result of severe aerial bombardment by the Germans (incendiary bombing). The surviving items sheltered in the neighbouring
585:
were shelled by German artillery and burned almost completely. Some of the books were preserved, thrown through windows by the library's staff. The surviving collection was later deliberately burned by the
Germans in October 1944 after collapse of the Uprising. About 26,000
1212:
810:
Warsaw during World War II: destroyed townhouses between Zielna (top) and MarszaĆkowska streets (bottom). In bottom right corner building MarszaĆkowska 156 on the corner with KrĂłlewskia street, also visible Bloch Palace at MarszaĆkowska 154. September
823:
Intersection of MarszaĆkowska Street and Aleje
Jerozolimskie Street in Warsaw during German occupation. Visible tramway #3 with a billboard "Kamea woda kwiatowa". Behind it ruins of destroyed in 1939 townhouse at MarszaĆkowska 98/al. Jerozolimskie 33
183:. However, by late 1944, with the war clearly lost, the Germans had abandoned their plans of colonizing the East. Thus, the destruction of Warsaw did not serve any military or colonial purpose; it was carried out solely as an act of reprisal.
1944:
1829:
1964:
194:, with it being noted that "Perhaps no city suffered more than Warsaw during World War II", with historian Alexandra Richie stating that "The destruction of Warsaw was unique even in the terrible history of the Second World War".
3192:
1220:
2056:
2024:
962:
2078:
947:
218:
The city must completely disappear from the surface of the earth and serve only as a transport station for the
Wehrmacht. No stone can remain standing. Every building must be razed to its foundation.
2208:
890:
1989:
908:
1839:
197:
2787:
2009:
2123:
2073:
635:. In 1939, about 50,000 items (about 30%) were destroyed in bombing. On September 8, 1944, the Germans set fire to both the Zamoyski Palace (Blue Palace) and the library building.
974:
2101:
2044:
2034:
1004:
2019:
917:
1909:
3197:
830:
2171:
1729:
989:
3137:
3107:
2049:
2150:
1490:
2068:
1364:
187:
immense part of Warsaw's cultural heritage. After the war, extensive work was put into rebuilding the city according to pre-war plans and historical documents.
581:, created in 1844, was largely destroyed in 1944. The collection originally consisted of 250,000 items. During the Uprising, on September 5, 1944, the library's
2183:
1086:
1081:
932:
875:
2176:
1761:
642:
deposited there for safekeeping. The collection of the
Rapperswil Library had been transported to Poland in 1927. The library and the museum were founded in
3024:
1929:
165:
3182:
2166:
1934:
845:
3077:
2827:
2545:
1335:
551:
in Poland and one of the oldest and most important libraries in Europe (established in 1747), was burned down. Out of about 400,000 printed items,
2866:
2138:
1864:
3112:
2369:
431:) the remaining buildings. According to German plans, after the war Warsaw was to be turned into nothing more than a military transit station.
1723:
306:
53:
3202:
3217:
2772:
2061:
1899:
1179:
902:
562:
In the last phase of the Warsaw
Uprising and after its collapse, in September and October 1944, the three major private libraries in Warsaw (
1386:
445:
3042:
2839:
1999:
860:
349:
419:
After the remaining population had been expelled, the
Germans began the destruction of the remnants of the city. Special groups of German
3047:
2834:
2347:
1884:
477:
1440:
2612:
1023:
1011:
2389:
2128:
1809:
1626:
1306:
1246:
1162:
328:
119:
100:
72:
3087:
3057:
2284:
1854:
1754:
2688:
468:
434:
By
January 1945, between 85% and 90% of the buildings had been completely destroyed; this includes up to 10% as a result of the
404:
3212:
3147:
2602:
2490:
493:
3132:
3062:
1979:
1894:
310:
79:
57:
484:
Material losses were estimated at 10,455 buildings, 923 historical buildings (94%), 25 churches, 14 libraries including the
2728:
2570:
2145:
1501:
393:
354:
1361:
539:
During the German suppression of the Warsaw
Uprising of 1944, around 70 to 80% of libraries were carefully burned by the
3005:
2262:
1325:: O zniszczeniu i odbudowie miasta (A City Destroyed and Rebuilt), Warszawa 1969, Poland: "Interpress" Publishers, p.63
1050:
Section of Warsaw razed to the ground, photo c. 1950. Northwest view of the KrasiĆski Gardens and ĆwiÄtojerska Street.
86:
2782:
2106:
2096:
1819:
1747:
378:
205:
2662:
3117:
2822:
2698:
2595:
2515:
1919:
1771:
1406:
1278:
1054:
Warsaw was rebuilt between the 1950s and 1970s. Some landmarks were reconstructed as late as the 1980s. While the
299:
68:
46:
2762:
2657:
2455:
2399:
2133:
1375:
924:
639:
435:
3187:
3067:
2924:
2919:
2876:
1739:
1046:
620:
638:
The Central Military Library, containing 350,000 books on the history of Poland, was destroyed, including the
574:, ceased to exist. Those libraries had already suffered in September 1939, when they were bombed and burned.
132:
1672:
377:, Warsaw was kept under ceaseless barrage by Nazi artillery and air power for sixty-three days and nights by
3127:
3000:
2985:
2965:
2909:
2792:
2374:
1015:
881:
485:
623:
at Szczygla Street were burned in October 1944. The last of above mentioned libraries, the Library of the
2535:
2485:
2414:
2384:
2327:
2221:
624:
567:
439:
2945:
1241:
Niels Gutschow, Barbarta Klain: Vernichtung und Utopie. Stadtplanung Warschau 1939 â 1945, Hamburg 1994,
3207:
3052:
2846:
2755:
2354:
1339:
1076:
461:
2807:
2470:
953:
2561:
1116:
457:
3142:
3010:
2851:
2817:
2750:
2733:
2703:
2693:
2590:
2505:
2465:
2364:
2277:
1071:
1029:
866:
664:
578:
563:
489:
412:
3032:
2955:
2812:
2642:
2632:
2622:
2585:
996:
612:
505:
497:
442:, 25% during the Uprising, and 40% due to systematic German demolition of city after the uprising.
93:
1194:
175:. Warsaw had been selected for destruction and major reconstruction as part of the Nazis' planned
2683:
2319:
1874:
836:
650:
631:
and glass, natural collections, research tools etc., gathered mostly during the existence of the
3072:
2856:
2777:
2460:
1383:
544:
1596:
W Rapperswilu Ćladami Ć»eromskiego i Prusa (In Rapperswil in the Footsteps of Ć»eromski and Prus)
3122:
3082:
3037:
2914:
2802:
2767:
2678:
2647:
2617:
2379:
2359:
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1783:
1654:
1622:
1618:
1611:
1242:
1158:
571:
501:
370:
201:
1734:
1166:
2745:
2637:
2251:
1642:
1322:
1059:
1055:
632:
516:
374:
366:
227:
209:
1448:
3163:
2738:
2723:
2627:
2495:
2445:
2429:
2419:
2342:
2332:
2270:
2226:
1390:
1379:
1368:
1310:
1261:(Memorial Book: Transports of Poles from Warsaw to Auschwitz Concentration Camp 1940â1944)
851:
420:
362:
180:
168:. The uprising infuriated German leaders, who decided to destroy the city in retaliation.
161:
1303:
1537:
246:
2970:
2861:
2540:
2500:
2337:
2116:
2039:
1096:
938:
548:
3176:
2950:
2881:
2652:
2607:
2510:
2475:
2450:
2409:
2404:
2394:
2241:
2111:
1954:
1033:
981:
176:
141:
1411:
The Strange Life of One of the Greatest European Libraries of the Eighteenth Century
2990:
2897:
2525:
2231:
2188:
473:
191:
153:
524:
1613:
Burning books and leveling libraries: extremist violence and cultural destruction
2980:
2940:
2520:
2480:
1091:
595:
389:
288:
259:
35:
2902:
2871:
2530:
2246:
2236:
1598:(in Polish). Problemy: organ Towarzystwa Wiedzy Powszechnej. pp. 466â467.
1491:"O trzech Bibliotekach Ordynackich w Warszawie w 60. rocznicÄ ich zniszczenia"
643:
587:
556:
267:
241:
172:
543:(burning detachments), whose mission was to burn Warsaw. In October 1944 the
258:
On June 20, 1939, while Adolf Hitler was visiting an architectural bureau in
17:
2960:
1849:
591:
582:
530:
1658:
1718:
598:, 50,000 note and theater manuscripts, and a large collection of maps and
2797:
654:
palaces burnt indiscriminately by Germans in Poland during World War II.
1414:
1282:
341:
2975:
1775:
628:
313: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1372:
520:
Interior of the Zamoyski Estate Library in a building at ƻabia Street.
2300:
559:, only some 1,800 manuscripts and 30,000 printed materials survived.
157:
140:(Burning Detachment) destroying Warsaw. Taken on Leszno street. 1944
60: in this lead. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1155:
Inside a Gestapo Prison: The Letters of Krystyna Wituska, 1942â1944
2995:
2079:
List of buildings damaged or destroyed in the September 11 attacks
1965:
Damage to heritage sites in the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
1653:] (in Polish). Warszawa: "Interpress" Publishers. p. 56.
1045:
599:
523:
515:
467:
456:
444:
403:
348:
340:
196:
131:
1569:
3193:
Buildings and structures in Poland destroyed during World War II
1413:. FYI France (September 15 and October 15, 2005). Archived from
720:
552:
2266:
1743:
2057:
Churches destroyed in the Great Fire of London and not rebuilt
1779:
1730:
Collection of civilian testimonies about destruction of Warsaw
282:
190:
The destruction of Warsaw was practically unparalleled in the
29:
204:
of Germany forces realizing Warsaw's destruction (drawing by
1594:
Gabriela Pauszer-Klonowska (1969). "year XXV, no 8 (281)".
223:
535:, one of the books burned by the Germans in October 1944.
1360:
See the following pages on the official site of Warsaw:
1259:
Transporty PolakĂłw z Warszawy do KL Auschwitz 1940â1944
1062:
has been only partially restored to its former state.
423:
were dispatched throughout the city in order to burn (
2102:
Destruction of cultural heritage by the Islamic State
1180:"Straty ludzkie i materialne w Powstaniu Warszawskim"
2074:
Artworks lost or damaged in the September 11 attacks
2025:
Damage to heritage sites during the Russian invasion
2010:
Damage to heritage sites during the Syrian civil war
1830:
Artworks lost or damaged in the 2023 Congress attack
3100:
3023:
2933:
2890:
2712:
2671:
2578:
2569:
2438:
2318:
2308:
2201:
2159:
2089:
1799:
1790:
896:
German soldiers in front of a burning Ursus factory
594:, 80,000 early printed books, 100,000 drawings and
438:and following combat, up to 15% during the earlier
2209:Library damage in the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
1945:Damage to heritage sites in 21st-century conflicts
1610:
1362:Raport o stratach wojennych Warszawy LISTOPAD 2004
577:An important collection of books belonging to the
3138:SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities
2788:Building of the Chancellery of the Prime Minister
262:, he noticed a project of a future German town â
2124:Landmarks destroyed or damaged by climate change
570:), including collections of priceless value to
216:
1673:"How Warsaw Came Close to Never Being Rebuilt"
2278:
2045:Demolished buildings and structures in London
1755:
1705:. Poland: Interpress Publishers. p. 328.
1564:
1562:
1144:, Warsaw, Interpress Publishers, 1969, p. 57.
1087:List of Polish cities damaged in World War II
1082:List of libraries damaged during World War II
8:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1434:
1432:
1400:
1398:
1990:Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites
1142:Warszawa â o zniszczeniu i odbudowie miasta
488:, 81 primary schools, 64 high schools, the
3198:Nazi war crimes during the Warsaw Uprising
2716:
2575:
2315:
2285:
2271:
2263:
2035:20th-century destruction of country houses
1920:Destruction of the Shrine of Husayn's Head
1796:
1762:
1748:
1740:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1441:"In the House under the Sign of the Kings"
566:, PrzeĆșdziecki Library and the Library of
230:, SS officers' conference, 17 October 1944
663:Estimated Warsaw city destruction during
329:Learn how and when to remove this message
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
2867:Orthodox Cathedral of St. Mary Magdalene
2151:Tallest voluntarily demolished buildings
1910:Destruction of country houses, 1919â1923
1570:"The Polish National Museum (1870â1927)"
968:A German soldier sets fire to a building
661:
245:
1865:Iconoclasm during the French Revolution
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1178:Getter, Marek (AugustâSeptember 2004).
1108:
1058:has been thoroughly reconstructed, the
995:Polish soldier's grave before ruins on
800:
1617:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p.
1157:, Wayne State University Press, 2006,
1121:The National WWII Museum | New Orleans
640:Library of Polish Museum in Rapperswil
3078:KoĆciuszko Infantry Division Memorial
1900:Destruction of Mosul Museum artifacts
1153:Krystyna Wituska, Irene Tomaszewski,
7:
3113:Children's Memorial Health Institute
3108:Cardinal Stefan WyszyĆski University
1140:Source: (Polish) Adolf Ciborowski,
400:Looting and destruction of buildings
311:adding citations to reliable sources
58:adding citations to reliable sources
1885:Disappeared statues in Tehran, 2010
1703:Warsaw A City Destroyed and Rebuilt
1211:Mix, Andreas (September 26, 2009).
980:Aerial photograph of the destroyed
1820:Bangabandhu Memorial Museum attack
1538:"Biblioteka Ordynacji KrasiĆskich"
1407:"The Zaluski Collection in Warsaw"
179:of Central Europe, under the Nazi
25:
2390:Bombing of Warsaw in World War II
1336:"Warszawa szacuje straty wojenne"
373:. In response, under orders from
3183:Destruction of cultural heritage
3159:
3158:
2560:
2294:
2020:Demolition of monuments to Lenin
1930:Destruction of Albanian heritage
1855:Looting of the Eastern Mausoleum
1717:
1647:O zniszczeniu i odbudowie miasta
1022:
1003:
988:
973:
961:
946:
931:
923:Statue of Jesus Christ from the
916:
901:
889:
874:
859:
844:
829:
816:
803:
287:
34:
3148:Warsaw University of Technology
1935:Destruction of Serbian heritage
1213:"Eine Germanisierungsphantasie"
956:demolished by German tank shell
617:House altar of Sophia Jagiellon
494:Warsaw University of Technology
388:, or Dulag) was constructed in
384:In 1944, a large transit camp (
298:needs additional citations for
45:needs additional citations for
3133:SGH Warsaw School of Economics
3063:Warsaw Ghetto boundary markers
2050:Churches in the City of London
1840:Monuments removed in 2020â2022
712:Historical monument buildings
369:on August 1, 1944, as part of
1:
2773:Palace of Culture and Science
2146:Stolen and missing Moon rocks
2062:Public art formerly in London
1735:Capturing the Ruins of Warsaw
1724:Planned destruction of Warsaw
839:, hit by a 2-ton mortar shell
609:Portrait of John III Sobieski
605:Portrait of Casimir Jagiellon
254:("New German city of Warsaw")
160:in late 1944, after the 1944
3218:Geographic history of Warsaw
3043:Nicolaus Copernicus Monument
3006:University of Warsaw Library
2491:Leopold StanisĆaw Kronenberg
1850:Destruction of the Four Olds
1651:A City Destroyed and Rebuilt
789:
781:
773:
765:
757:
749:
741:
733:
725:
714:
706:
698:
690:
682:
680:Roadway and railway bridges
464:destroyed, Warsaw, 1945 view
345:Warsaw Uprising, August 1944
264:Neue deutsche Stadt Warschau
252:Neue deutsche Stadt Warschau
3048:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
1500:(in Polish). Archived from
1338:(in Polish). Archived from
755:Trees in parks and gardens
478:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
379:Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski
274:Warsaw Uprising's aftermath
206:Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski
3234:
3118:Chopin University of Music
2516:Jewish Combat Organization
1701:Ciborowski, Adolf (1969).
1041:
239:
236:Prewar plan of destruction
27:1944 Nazi razing of Warsaw
3156:
2719:
2558:
2456:Sigismund Augustus Bridge
2400:Warsaw concentration camp
2217:
2177:Works by Vincent van Gogh
1373:Straty Warszawy w albumie
1309:December 3, 2005, at the
411:preparing to blow up the
273:
3203:GermanyâPoland relations
3068:Warsaw Uprising Monument
3058:Adam Mickiewicz Monument
2925:10th-Anniversary Stadium
2877:Palace of the Four Winds
2835:St. John's Archcathedral
2129:Museums destroyed by war
1304:"For over two months..."
449:German demolition unit (
2986:Cosmopolitan Twarda 2/4
2966:InterContinental Warsaw
2823:St. Florian's Cathedral
2793:Sejm and Senate Complex
2689:ĆlÄ
sko-DÄ
browski Bridge
2596:Krakowskie PrzedmieĆcie
1980:Looting in World War II
1384:Straty wojenne Warszawy
607:from the 15th century,
603:extensive art gallery (
436:September 1939 campaign
171:The razing of the city
69:"Destruction of Warsaw"
3213:Warsaw in World War II
3101:Education and research
2536:Coat of arms of Warsaw
2415:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
2328:Warsaw Uprising (1794)
2222:Archaeological looting
1895:Archaeological looting
1609:Rebecca Knuth (2006).
1574:www.muzeum-polskie.org
1279:"Warsaw Uprising: FAQ"
1117:"Liberation of Warsaw"
1051:
625:Zamoyski Family Entail
568:Zamoyski Family Entail
536:
521:
481:
465:
454:
453:) led by major Sarnow.
440:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
416:
358:
346:
279:Expulsion of civilians
255:
220:
213:
145:
2425:Destruction of Warsaw
2355:Warsaw-Vienna Railway
2167:Art theft and looting
1975:Destruction of Warsaw
1200:on December 17, 2013.
1077:Destruction of Kalisz
1049:
704:Healthcare buildings
688:Theatres and cinemas
527:
519:
471:
460:
448:
407:
355:Old Town Market Place
352:
344:
249:
200:
173:had long been planned
150:destruction of Warsaw
135:
3143:University of Warsaw
3011:Praga Koneser Center
2852:Visitationist Church
2818:Warsaw Water Filters
2704:Siekierkowski Bridge
2699:ĆwiÄtokrzyski Bridge
2506:Mordechai Anielewicz
1726:at Wikimedia Commons
1342:on February 27, 2021
1223:on 23 September 2015
1193:: 71. Archived from
1167:Google Print, p.xxii
1072:Chronicles of Terror
1016:MarszaĆkowska Street
911:, destroyed in 1944.
882:MarszaĆkowska Street
658:Scope of destruction
512:Burning of libraries
490:University of Warsaw
365:was launched by the
307:improve this article
54:improve this article
2783:Presidential Palace
2638:Plac ƻelaznej Bramy
2486:StanisĆaw Moniuszko
2107:Destroyed libraries
2000:Destroyed landmarks
1451:on February 4, 2012
1417:on December 9, 2013
1042:Warsaw's rebuilding
837:Prudential Building
731:Tram rolling stock
668:
613:Schleissheim Palace
506:President of Poland
498:President of Warsaw
462:Royal Castle Square
266:. According to the
2808:JabĆonowski Palace
2684:Poniatowski Bridge
2320:Timeline of Warsaw
2172:Restitution claims
2134:Napoleonic looting
2097:Attacks on museums
1875:Bombing of Dresden
1810:Destruction of art
1439:Lech Chmielewski.
1389:2021-03-11 at the
1378:2021-02-25 at the
1367:2018-07-17 at the
1321:Source: (Polish):
1302:Peter K. Gessner,
1052:
954:Sigismund's Column
662:
651:Nazi book burnings
537:
522:
482:
466:
455:
417:
415:, 8 September 1944
394:Dulag 121 PruszkĂłw
359:
347:
256:
214:
146:
3170:
3169:
3123:College of Europe
3096:
3095:
3038:Mermaid of Warsaw
3019:
3018:
2915:Kazanowski Palace
2763:Holy Cross Church
2694:Ćrednicowy Bridge
2618:Grzybowski Square
2556:
2555:
2466:KrasiĆski Library
2360:November Uprising
2310:History of Warsaw
2260:
2259:
2197:
2196:
1784:cultural heritage
1722:Media related to
1643:Ciborowski, Adolf
1507:on March 30, 2012
1445:Welcome to Warsaw
1012:First Polish Army
925:Holy Cross Church
909:St. Mary's Church
869:reduced to rubble
854:marketplace, 1945
794:
793:
787:Roadways surface
665:German occupation
579:KrasiĆski Library
564:KrasiĆski Library
528:The 12th-century
371:Operation Tempest
339:
338:
331:
202:Command hierarchy
166:Polish resistance
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
3225:
3162:
3161:
3033:Zygmunt's Column
2946:ChaĆubiĆskiego 8
2813:KrasiĆski Palace
2717:
2633:KrasiĆski Square
2623:PiĆsudski Square
2576:
2564:
2439:Related articles
2375:Battle of Warsaw
2316:
2299:
2298:
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2287:
2280:
2273:
2264:
2252:Vandalism of art
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1514:
1512:
1506:
1495:
1489:Konrad Ajewski.
1486:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1447:. Archived from
1436:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1402:
1393:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1332:
1326:
1323:Adolf Ciborowski
1319:
1313:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1281:. Archived from
1275:
1262:
1257:KsiÄga PamiÄci,
1255:
1249:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1219:. Archived from
1217:Berliner Zeitung
1208:
1202:
1201:
1199:
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833:
820:
807:
669:
633:Zamoyski Academy
486:National Library
427:) and demolish (
421:combat engineers
375:Heinrich Himmler
367:Polish Home Army
334:
327:
323:
320:
314:
291:
283:
260:WĂŒrzburg am Main
231:
228:Heinrich Himmler
210:Nuremberg Trials
192:Second World War
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
3233:
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3188:Generalplan Ost
3173:
3172:
3171:
3166:
3152:
3128:Curie Institute
3092:
3073:MaĆy Powstaniec
3015:
2929:
2920:Great Synagogue
2886:
2857:NoĆŒyk Synagogue
2778:Ćazienki Palace
2746:Warsaw New Town
2724:Warsaw Old Town
2708:
2667:
2628:Plac Zbawiciela
2565:
2552:
2496:William Lindley
2471:Frédéric Chopin
2461:ZaĆuski Library
2446:Duke of Masovia
2434:
2430:Three-Year Plan
2420:Warsaw Uprising
2385:Siege of Warsaw
2370:Interwar period
2343:Duchy of Warsaw
2333:Battle of Praga
2312:
2304:
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2256:
2227:Art destruction
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2031:United Kingdom
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1369:Wayback Machine
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852:Warsaw Old Town
849:
840:
834:
825:
821:
812:
808:
799:
723:infrastructure
660:
649:Unlike earlier
545:ZaĆuski Library
514:
472:Remains of the
429:Sprengkommandos
402:
386:Durchgangslager
363:Warsaw Uprising
357:in January 1945
335:
324:
318:
315:
304:
292:
281:
276:
244:
238:
233:
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208:during 1945â46
181:Generalplan Ost
162:Warsaw Uprising
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63:
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15:
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2862:Staszic Palace
2859:
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2810:
2805:
2803:WilanĂłw Palace
2800:
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2768:UjazdĂłw Castle
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2679:GdaĆski Bridge
2675:
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2655:
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2648:Ćazienki Route
2645:
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2546:District flags
2541:Flag of Warsaw
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2501:Janusz Korczak
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2338:Warsaw Citadel
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2121:
2120:
2119:
2117:Body snatching
2109:
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2099:
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2084:
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2076:
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2053:
2052:
2042:
2040:Baedeker Blitz
2037:
2029:
2028:
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2022:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2004:
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1712:External links
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621:tenement house
572:Polish culture
549:public library
541:Brandkommandos
513:
510:
502:Lech KaczyĆski
451:Sprengkommando
425:Brandkommandos
409:Sprengkommando
401:
398:
337:
336:
295:
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286:
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277:
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240:Main article:
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3053:Chopin Statue
3051:
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3001:Supreme Court
2999:
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2847:Jesuit Church
2845:
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2756:Castle Square
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2653:Wilson Square
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2613:ĆwiÄtokrzyska
2611:
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2603:MarszaĆkowska
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2511:Marek Edelman
2509:
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2476:Piotr Wysocki
2474:
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2451:Warsaw Lyceum
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2418:
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2410:Umschlagplatz
2408:
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2405:Warsaw Ghetto
2403:
2401:
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2395:Pawiak prison
2393:
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2365:Warsaw pogrom
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2242:Lost artworks
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2112:Grave robbery
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1986:Saudi Arabia
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156:'s razing of
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138:Brandkommando
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110:November 2022
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32:
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19:
18:Brandkommando
3208:Razed cities
2991:Warsaw Spire
2934:Contemporary
2910:BrĂŒhl Palace
2898:Saxon Palace
2751:Royal Castle
2729:Market Place
2713:Architecture
2643:Plac Bankowy
2608:Plac Defilad
2526:Warsaw Metro
2424:
2348:Constitution
2232:Book burning
2189:Nazi plunder
2160:World War II
1974:
1941:Middle East
1806:Afghanistan
1702:
1694:Bibliography
1680:. Retrieved
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1577:. Retrieved
1573:
1549:. Retrieved
1544:
1509:. Retrieved
1502:the original
1497:
1455:February 17,
1453:. Retrieved
1449:the original
1444:
1421:February 17,
1419:. Retrieved
1415:the original
1410:
1405:Maria Witt.
1356:
1344:. Retrieved
1340:the original
1330:
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1287:. Retrieved
1283:the original
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1221:the original
1216:
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1195:the original
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1187:Biuletyn IPN
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1173:
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1125:. Retrieved
1123:. 2020-01-17
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1030:Royal Castle
867:Royal Castle
763:Electricity
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531:Meuse School
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474:Saxon Palace
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305:Please help
300:verification
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154:Nazi Germany
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2941:Centrum LIM
2840:Archdiocese
2586:Royal Route
2521:Warsaw Pact
2481:Marie Curie
1816:Bangladesh
1800:By location
1772:destruction
1547:(in Polish)
1227:16 December
1092:Nero Decree
939:MirĂłw Halls
588:manuscripts
557:manuscripts
3177:Categories
2903:Saxon Axis
2891:Historical
2734:City walls
2658:Grochowska
2591:Nowy Ćwiat
2579:Topography
2531:Warsaw Zoo
2247:Looted art
2237:Iconoclasm
1961:Palestine
1682:2020-11-26
1677:Culture.pl
1579:August 21,
1498:www.nid.pl
1289:2007-12-04
1127:2024-02-21
1103:References
771:Gas pipes
747:Education
675:Destroyed
667:1939â1945
644:Rapperswil
592:incunables
583:warehouses
319:March 2019
268:Pabst Plan
242:Pabst Plan
80:newspapers
43:This lead
3088:Palm tree
3025:Monuments
2961:Intraco I
2663:ZÄ
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2571:Landmarks
2184:Libraries
1551:August 1,
1346:March 16,
1032:near the
941:in flames
884:in flames
696:Industry
672:Category
611:from the
250:Plan for
3164:Category
2981:ZĆota 44
2956:Spektrum
2798:Belweder
2739:Barbican
2380:May Coup
2303:articles
2016:Ukraine
1951:Nigeria
1906:Ireland
1871:Germany
1770:Damage,
1645:(1969).
1387:Archived
1376:Archived
1365:Archived
1307:Archived
1066:See also
1060:New Town
1056:Old Town
824:streets.
739:Housing
590:, 2,500
476:and the
390:PruszkĂłw
158:the city
2976:Rondo 1
2951:Rotunda
2872:ZachÄta
2828:Diocese
2672:Bridges
2202:Natural
2090:By type
1971:Poland
1926:Kosovo
1916:Israel
1861:France
1836:Canada
1826:Brazil
1776:looting
1659:3369342
797:Gallery
629:faience
600:atlases
504:(later
480:, 1945.
164:of the
136:German
94:scholar
2301:Warsaw
2006:Syria
1996:Spain
1846:China
1793:caused
1791:Human-
1657:
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1245:
1161:
1036:(1948)
615:, the
596:prints
492:, the
226:chief
96:
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3083:TÄcza
2996:Varso
1891:Iraq
1881:Iran
1649:[
1541:(PDF)
1505:(PDF)
1494:(PDF)
1198:(PDF)
1183:(PDF)
683:100%
533:Bible
101:JSTOR
87:books
2882:PAST
2139:List
1782:and
1774:and
1655:OCLC
1623:ISBN
1581:2010
1553:2010
1513:2011
1457:2008
1423:2008
1382:and
1348:2007
1243:ISBN
1229:2013
1159:ISBN
811:1939
790:30%
782:30%
774:46%
766:50%
758:60%
750:70%
742:72%
734:75%
726:85%
721:Tram
715:90%
707:90%
699:90%
691:95%
555:and
553:maps
361:The
152:was
148:The
73:news
2971:Q22
1780:art
1778:of
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1014:on
309:by
56:by
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