406:
26:
507:
is perfect perpendicular to the a crystal axis (perfect on {100}) and possible perpendicular to the c crystal axis (possible on {001}). It is readily soluble with effervescence in acids.
393:, another zinc carbonate. It was discovered in 1991 and designated IMA1991-053. In 1993 it was named "brianyoungite" after Brian Young (born 1947), a field geologist with the
569:
of
Brownley Hill Mine, and on specimens from the nearby Smallcleugh mine. It may be a secondary post-mining mineral. At the type locality it is associated with
336:
700:
916:
911:
551:, Alston Moor District, North Pennines, North and Western Region (Cumberland), Cumbria, England. The type material is conserved at the
90:
536:
207:
240:
906:
901:
438:
104:
442:
394:
552:
495:
according to some sources, but others say that the hardness is not determinable. It is fairly dense, with
80:
896:
421:, and tapering to a sharp point. The crystals are white and transparent to translucent, with a vitreous
370:
positions, in the ratio of about one sulfate to three carbonates, so other sources give the formula as
715:
634:
747:
566:
500:
426:
422:
389:, and Gaines et al. classify the mineral as a compound carbonate. It is similar in appearance to
326:
230:
220:
853:
739:
652:
520:
504:
409:
Brianyoungite (white) with fluorite and sphalerite from the
Brownley Hill Mine, Cumbria, England.
197:
417:
across, composed of thin blades just one or two micrometers across, elongated parallel to the b
731:
418:
332:
156:
44:
723:
642:
496:
268:
250:
51:
701:"Brianyoungite, a New Mineral Related to Hydrozincite, from the North of England Orefield"
719:
638:
114:
405:
890:
656:
532:
516:
474:
286:
183:
126:
743:
25:
727:
454:
390:
189:
788:
335:. The Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) of the
574:
446:
144:
296:
135:
119:
735:
562:
547:
The type locality is the
Bloomsberry Horse level of the Brownley Hill mine,
458:
340:
582:
548:
462:
647:
622:
359:
445:
with β (the angle between the a and c crystal axes) close to 90. The
827:
578:
570:
558:
478:
461:(Z = 4) and the lengths of the sides of the unit cell are a = 15.724
414:
404:
880:
Gaines et al (1997) Dana's New
Mineralogy Eighth Edition. Wiley
329:
828:"Brianyoungite: Brianyoungite mineral information and data"
607:
453:/m, P21 or P2221. The structure is similar to that of
413:
The mineral occurs as tiny rosettes less than 100
608:"IMA Mineral List with Database of Mineral Properties"
313:
305:
295:
285:
267:
259:
249:
239:
229:
219:
206:
196:
182:
174:
169:
155:
143:
125:
113:
103:
89:
79:
50:
40:
35:
18:
694:
692:
690:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
8:
301:Readily soluble with effervescence in acids
165:c = 5.427 Å; β = 90°; Z = 4
699:Livingstone, A.; Champness, P.E. (1993).
646:
848:
846:
844:
822:
820:
818:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
385:
381:
377:
373:
354:
350:
346:
594:
449:is unknown, but assumed to be either P2
337:International Mineralogical Association
876:
874:
872:
870:
15:
783:
781:
779:
777:
775:
773:
771:
769:
767:
602:
600:
598:
473:Brianyoungite is a soft mineral with
7:
623:"IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols"
457:. There are four formula units per
397:, who provided the first specimens.
555:, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1992.17.1–8.
202:Perfect on {100}, possible on {001}
14:
499:3.93 to 4.09, similar to that of
188:Rosettes of thin blades, pseudo-
24:
465:, b = 6.256 Å and c = 5.427 Å.
728:10.1180/minmag.1993.057.389.10
1:
854:"Brianyoungite Mineral Data"
366:also occupy the carbonate CO
439:orthorhombic crystal system
437:The mineral belongs in the
933:
917:Minerals described in 1993
912:Minerals in space group 12
557:Brianyoungite occurs with
539:. It is not fluorescent.
245:Transparent to translucent
30:Brianyoungite from Germany
395:British Geological Survey
339:(IMA) classifies it as a
23:
794:. Handbook of Mineralogy
789:"Handbook of Mineralogy"
553:Royal Museum of Scotland
535:δ = 1.635. It exhibits
708:Mineralogical Magazine
627:Mineralogical Magazine
410:
408:
306:Other characteristics
91:Strunz classification
531:= 1.650 and maximum
192:with β close to 90°
907:Monoclinic minerals
720:1993MinM...57..665L
648:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
639:2021MinM...85..291W
621:Warr, L.N. (2021).
537:straight extinction
469:Physical properties
105:Dana classification
902:Carbonate minerals
521:refractive indices
511:Optical properties
411:
260:Optical properties
163:b = 6.256 Å,
343:with the formula
333:carbonate mineral
320:
319:
139:
99:
98:5/C.01-105 (8 ed)
45:Carbonate mineral
924:
881:
878:
865:
864:
862:
861:
856:. Webmineral.com
850:
839:
838:
836:
835:
824:
803:
802:
800:
799:
793:
785:
762:
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758:
752:
746:. Archived from
714:(389): 665–670.
705:
696:
661:
660:
650:
618:
612:
611:
604:
497:specific gravity
494:
493:
489:
486:
388:
357:
269:Refractive index
251:Specific gravity
212:
133:
131:Prismatic (2/m)
97:
95:5.BF.30 (10 ed)
57:
56:(repeating unit)
28:
16:
932:
931:
927:
926:
925:
923:
922:
921:
887:
886:
885:
884:
879:
868:
859:
857:
852:
851:
842:
833:
831:
826:
825:
806:
797:
795:
791:
787:
786:
765:
756:
754:
750:
703:
698:
697:
664:
620:
619:
615:
606:
605:
596:
591:
556:
545:
530:
526:
515:The mineral is
513:
491:
487:
484:
482:
471:
452:
435:
403:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
369:
365:
356:
352:
348:
344:
309:Non-fluorescent
280:
276:
210:
164:
162:
161:15.724 Å,
132:
96:
75:
71:
67:
63:
55:
54:
31:
12:
11:
5:
930:
928:
920:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
889:
888:
883:
882:
866:
840:
804:
763:
662:
633:(3): 291–320.
613:
593:
592:
590:
587:
544:
541:
528:
524:
512:
509:
470:
467:
450:
434:
431:
402:
399:
367:
363:
318:
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311:
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293:
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257:
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217:
216:
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204:
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194:
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186:
180:
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176:
172:
171:
170:Identification
167:
166:
159:
153:
152:
147:
141:
140:
129:
123:
122:
117:
115:Crystal system
111:
110:
107:
101:
100:
93:
87:
86:
83:
77:
76:
73:
69:
65:
61:
58:
48:
47:
42:
38:
37:
33:
32:
29:
21:
20:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
929:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
897:Zinc minerals
895:
894:
892:
877:
875:
873:
871:
867:
855:
849:
847:
845:
841:
829:
823:
821:
819:
817:
815:
813:
811:
809:
805:
790:
784:
782:
780:
778:
776:
774:
772:
770:
768:
764:
753:on 2014-08-09
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
702:
695:
693:
691:
689:
687:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
663:
658:
654:
649:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
617:
614:
609:
603:
601:
599:
595:
588:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
567:oxidised zone
564:
560:
554:
550:
542:
540:
538:
534:
533:birefringence
527:= 1.635 and n
522:
518:
510:
508:
506:
502:
498:
480:
476:
475:Mohs hardness
468:
466:
464:
460:
456:
448:
444:
440:
432:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
407:
400:
398:
396:
392:
361:
342:
338:
334:
331:
328:
324:
323:Brianyoungite
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
298:
294:
290:
288:
287:Birefringence
284:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
252:
248:
244:
242:
238:
234:
232:
228:
224:
222:
218:
214:
209:
205:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
185:
184:Crystal habit
181:
177:
173:
168:
160:
158:
154:
151:
148:
146:
142:
137:
130:
128:
127:Crystal class
124:
121:
118:
116:
112:
108:
106:
102:
94:
92:
88:
84:
82:
78:
59:
53:
49:
46:
43:
39:
34:
27:
22:
19:Brianyoungite
17:
858:. Retrieved
832:. Retrieved
830:. Mindat.org
796:. Retrieved
755:. Retrieved
748:the original
711:
707:
630:
626:
616:
546:
514:
481:, only 2 to
472:
455:hydrozincite
436:
425:and a white
419:crystal axis
412:
391:hydrozincite
322:
321:
255:3.93 to 4.09
190:orthorhombic
149:
575:smithsonite
477:similar to
447:space group
241:Diaphaneity
145:Space group
891:Categories
860:2013-11-15
834:2013-11-15
798:2013-11-15
757:2013-11-15
589:References
561:on rubbly
543:Occurrence
443:monoclinic
401:Appearance
314:References
297:Solubility
277:= 1.635, n
208:Mohs scale
136:H-M symbol
120:Monoclinic
81:IMA symbol
736:0026-461X
657:235729616
563:limestone
501:celestine
459:unit cell
441:, or the
433:Structure
362:groups SO
341:carbonate
327:secondary
291:δ = 1.635
157:Unit cell
744:54051555
583:goethite
549:Nenthead
505:Cleavage
225:Vitreous
215:2 to 2.5
211:hardness
198:Cleavage
41:Category
716:Bibcode
635:Bibcode
565:in the
519:, with
517:biaxial
490:⁄
360:sulfate
281:= 1.650
263:Biaxial
109:17.1.15
52:Formula
36:General
742:
734:
655:
579:pyrite
571:gypsum
559:gypsum
479:halite
427:streak
423:lustre
358:, but
231:Streak
221:Luster
134:(same
792:(PDF)
751:(PDF)
740:S2CID
704:(PDF)
653:S2CID
384:)(OH)
353:)(OH)
325:is a
235:White
178:White
175:Color
72:)(OH)
732:ISSN
581:and
330:zinc
150:C2/m
724:doi
643:doi
380:,SO
376:(CO
349:(CO
85:Byo
68:,SO
64:(CO
893::
869:^
843:^
807:^
766:^
738:.
730:.
722:.
712:57
710:.
706:.
665:^
651:.
641:.
631:85
629:.
625:.
597:^
585:.
577:,
573:,
503:.
429:.
415:μm
372:Zn
345:Zn
60:Zn
863:.
837:.
801:.
760:.
726::
718::
659:.
645::
637::
610:.
529:ε
525:ω
523:n
492:2
488:1
485:+
483:2
463:Å
451:1
386:4
382:4
378:3
374:3
368:3
364:4
355:4
351:3
347:3
279:ε
275:ω
273:n
138:)
74:4
70:4
66:3
62:3
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