911:
200:'s outer hull but did not prevent it from completing its voyage. Nevertheless, the incident was a propaganda victory for Iran. The captain of the ship complained about the information given to the press, by United States politicians following a meeting with President Reagan, and the fact that four warships and a carrier group could not prevent Iran from placing a small minefield in the supposedly secret, but compromised, route of the tanker.
142:
2230:
37:
901:
215:
354:, said, "The Iranian Air Force and Navy are not strong. It would not be in their best interest to utilize their forces in a direct confrontation". After the incident, Bernsen said there had been indications that Iran had laid mines, but no one thought they would affect the convoy.
291:, two more cruisers, and a helicopter carrier were patrolling the area. The operation's plan called for convoys protected by three or four U.S. warships and carrier-based aircraft, including A-6 attack aircraft, F/A-18 strike fighters, EA-6B jamming aircraft, and F-14 fighters.
229:
in 1980, Iraq began attacking ships carrying oil from
Iranian ports, seeking to intimidate Tehran's allies and trading partners and deprive Iran of oil revenues. In 1984, Iran began to follow suit, attacking the tankers of countries that supported Iraq. In 1987,
2262:
365:
announced that the U.S. would retaliate against any country that set mines in the way of ships destined for Kuwait. Although there was no authenticated evidence of Iran culpability, American officials were all convinced that the
302:
sailed from the Gulf of Oman under the protection of three U.S. warships in the first convoy of
Earnest Will. It transited the Strait of Hormuz without incident, although the group was approached by four Iranian F-4 fighters.
1678:
867:
1740:
1231:
1089:
1566:
326:
operation instead of a direct fight. A special
Pasdaran unit which had spent several weeks practicing for this mission laid a string of nine mines 500 yards (460 m) apart, and then hastened back to Farsi.
1059:
2257:
1112:
1387:
889:
1049:
1355:
1698:
2277:
1581:
1487:
2297:
1014:
2267:
2059:
1708:
2124:
1044:
1261:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1382:
1301:
2302:
1766:
1221:
1039:
941:
931:
882:
1512:
1492:
1462:
1350:
951:
946:
250:
1206:
385:
said, "From now on, if our wells, installations, and centers are hit, we will make the installations and centers of Iraq's partners the targets of our attacks".
1658:
815:
757:
712:
1776:
2287:
1253:
2139:
2031:
1322:
997:
2084:
482:
2134:
2119:
2054:
1683:
1524:
351:
2282:
2233:
1819:
1365:
875:
1693:
1477:
1211:
2104:
668:
601:
550:
342:
slowed, but did not stop. Meanwhile, the U.S. Navy warships took station in the tanker's wake, allowing the big double-hulled ship to break trail.
2129:
1425:
1397:
1179:
961:
1814:
1668:
1276:
971:
2161:
1549:
1519:
825:
767:
1201:
2307:
1599:
1392:
936:
1174:
1340:
2292:
2272:
2109:
1971:
1626:
1054:
681:
614:
563:
460:
1539:
1415:
2312:
1794:
1771:
1734:
1653:
1534:
926:
533:
367:
307:
174:
905:
1457:
1345:
1311:
1216:
358:
850:
792:
735:
275:
Assembled to protect Kuwait's tankers were four frigates, three cruisers, and a destroyer in or around the
Persian Gulf and the
2069:
1886:
1529:
1472:
1189:
1196:
1467:
1452:
956:
370:
had placed mines under water at night before the incident. Weinberger said minesweeping would be given the highest priority.
1402:
1002:
1330:
1007:
1663:
1648:
1306:
1034:
1673:
73:
1941:
1784:
1360:
1069:
330:
American intelligence had discovered Rezai's aborted unauthorized attack but missed the mining operation. On July 24,
2252:
2216:
2191:
2166:
1544:
1236:
1226:
306:
When the convoy arrived at the midpoint of its voyage, Iran proclaimed that the convoy carried "prohibited goods".
1703:
1604:
1502:
280:
1761:
645:
2171:
1931:
1809:
1804:
1723:
1482:
1286:
1162:
493:
409:
382:
253:, the United States suggested that Kuwaiti tankers fly American flags and travel in convoys protected by the
1420:
1157:
1142:
404:
1132:
2196:
2079:
1728:
1718:
1591:
1241:
1152:
1147:
414:
270:
258:
186:
149:
687:
620:
569:
2114:
2064:
1936:
1643:
1638:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1576:
1335:
1281:
2036:
1507:
1497:
1291:
1064:
992:
286:
1271:
1122:
966:
394:
378:
338:. The explosion caused a 43-square-meter (460 sq ft) dent in the body of the oil tanker.
245:
Initially, Moscow offered to loan Kuwait three Soviet-flagged oil tankers and to protect them with
2181:
2156:
1991:
1966:
1951:
1926:
1916:
1866:
1831:
1713:
1688:
1266:
419:
319:
1861:
1107:
226:
209:
190:
1836:
1756:
1571:
1377:
1137:
1024:
821:
763:
677:
610:
559:
529:
456:
450:
362:
2209:
2186:
2176:
2149:
2144:
2094:
2089:
2001:
1921:
1799:
1631:
1435:
1407:
1169:
1019:
987:
452:
Covert
Relationship: American Foreign Policy, Intelligence, and the Iran-Iraq War, 1980–1988
276:
1901:
1881:
1856:
1846:
1440:
1370:
1316:
1184:
2016:
2011:
1826:
1296:
141:
2246:
1986:
1961:
1956:
1911:
1906:
1896:
1891:
1871:
1851:
910:
842:
784:
727:
399:
239:
189:, the U.S. response to Kuwaiti requests to protect its tankers from attack amid the
2074:
2006:
1976:
1876:
335:
334:
collided with mine at a position of 27°58' north and 49°50' east, 13 miles west of
315:
311:
235:
182:
178:
167:
66:
62:
2099:
2026:
1996:
1981:
1946:
1029:
817:
The
Twilight War: The secret history of America's thirty-year conflict with Iran
759:
The
Twilight War: The secret history of America's thirty-year conflict with Iran
246:
36:
2021:
1841:
1789:
1554:
381:
called it "an irreparable blow on
America's political and military prestige".
350:
One day before the incident, Rear
Admiral Harold J. Bernsen, commander of the
323:
163:
50:
28:
88:
75:
2202:
254:
214:
124:
361:
announced it would deploy more warships to the area, and
Defense Secretary
1127:
285:
and its task force were nearby in the Indian Ocean, while the battleship
196:
The explosion of an Iranian mine in the Gulf's shipping channel damaged
1445:
526:
No Higher Honor: Saving the USS Samuel B. Roberts in the Persian Gulf
231:
1430:
1232:
Donald Trump's threat for the destruction of Iranian cultural sites
213:
140:
528:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 2, 66–68.
210:
Iran–Iraq War § The "Tanker War" and the "War of the Cities"
1679:
Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act
900:
1567:
Attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria (2023–present)
871:
2263:
Naval battles of the Iran–Iraq War involving the United States
185:
on July 24, 1987. The ship was sailing in the first convoy of
377:
incident was a propaganda victory for Iran. Prime Minister
1050:
Phone conversation between Barack Obama and Hassan Rouhani
1356:
United States raid on the Iranian Liaison Office in Erbil
728:"Explosion of America's reputation explosion in the Gulf"
1582:
Iranian interference in the 2024 United States elections
1488:
December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria
314:
initially ordered an attack by Pasdaran speedboats from
1015:
Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights
1699:
Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act
2060:
Academic relations between Iran and the United States
1709:
United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran
2125:
Our enemy is here, they are lying that it is America
1045:
Correspondence between Barack Obama and Ali Khamenei
843:"America's reputation explosion in the Persian Gulf"
785:"America's reputation explosion in the Persian Gulf"
670:
The Lessons of Modern War, Vol. 2: The Iran-Iraq War
603:
The Lessons of Modern War, Vol. 2: The Iran-Iraq War
552:
The Lessons of Modern War, Vol. 2: The Iran-Iraq War
2047:
1749:
1590:
1262:
Assassination of Paul R. Shaffer and John H. Turner
1252:
1100:
980:
919:
131:
120:
112:
104:
56:
46:
21:
16:Maritime incident in the Persian Gulf in July 1987
1767:Iranian Students Association in the United States
318:, but later, based on advice from Iranian Leader
2258:Military operations of the Iran–Iraq War in 1987
1302:Jimmy Carter's engagement with Ruhollah Khomeini
234:, whose ships carried Iraqi oil, asked both the
2278:Military operations involving the United States
519:
517:
515:
513:
2298:United States Marine Corps in the 20th century
1513:February 2021 United States airstrike in Syria
1493:Attack on the United States embassy in Baghdad
1463:Deportation of Iranian students at US airports
1351:United States kill or capture strategy in Iraq
1040:Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's letter to George W. Bush
952:Consulate-General of the United States, Tabriz
947:Interests Section of Iran in the United States
667:Cordesman, Anthony H; Wagner, Abraham (1991).
600:Cordesman, Anthony H; Wagner, Abraham (1991).
549:Cordesman, Anthony H; Wagner, Abraham (1991).
251:United Nations Security Council Resolution 598
1659:Iran, North Korea, Syria Nonproliferation Act
883:
476:
474:
472:
8:
2268:Operations involving American special forces
1781:Public Affairs Alliance of Iranian Americans
1777:Organization of Iranian American Communities
820:. New York: The Penguin Press. p. 246.
762:. New York: The Penguin Press. p. 246.
2140:United States and state-sponsored terrorism
998:Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry
646:"All Issues SS Bridgeton: The First Convoy"
135:A mine successfully hit the escorted tanker
2135:United States involvement in regime change
2120:Opposition to military action against Iran
1684:Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act
1525:June 2021 United States airstrike in Syria
890:
876:
868:
279:. As well, the U.S. Navy aircraft carrier
35:
18:
1478:2019 Iranian shoot-down of American drone
1212:International Maritime Security Construct
2303:Battles and conflicts without fatalities
2105:International Conference on Hollywoodism
1323:America can't do a damn thing against us
942:Ambassadors of the United States to Iran
932:Ambassadors of Iran to the United States
444:
442:
440:
438:
1820:People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran
434:
249:warships. In response, and in light of
1815:National Council of Resistance of Iran
972:Iran Syria Policy and Operations Group
2162:American Institute of Iranian Studies
1741:Alleged violations of Treaty of Amity
1520:Leaked Mohammad Javad Zarif audiotape
7:
1600:United States sanctions against Iran
1393:2011 alleged Iran assassination plot
1388:United States diplomatic cables leak
937:Embassy of the United States, Tehran
853:from the original on 18 January 2018
795:from the original on 18 January 2018
595:
593:
591:
589:
1341:Lawrence Franklin espionage scandal
2110:Iran and state-sponsored terrorism
1972:Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran
1180:Arab–Israeli alliance against Iran
1055:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
962:Iran–United States Claims Tribunal
558:. Westview Press. pp. 29–30.
294:On July 21, 1987, the 414,266-ton
14:
1795:Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
1772:National Iranian American Council
1735:Rubin v. Islamic Republic of Iran
1694:Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act
1535:August 2021 Gulf of Oman incident
927:Embassy of Iran, Washington, D.C.
483:"Iran's Asymmetric Naval Warfare"
322:, it was agreed to keep with the
2229:
2228:
2032:Iranian Guantanamo Bay detainees
1346:Disappearance of Robert Levinson
1217:Assassination of Qasem Soleimani
1207:Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition
1202:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
909:
899:
257:. This convoy effort was dubbed
2070:Anti-American sentiment in Iran
1550:2023 Northeastern Syria clashes
1530:July 2021 Gulf of Oman incident
1473:June 2019 Gulf of Oman incident
1190:February 2019 Warsaw Conference
738:from the original on 2018-01-18
225:Within a year of launching the
2288:Kuwait–United States relations
1669:Iran Sanctions Enhancement Act
1468:May 2019 Gulf of Oman incident
1453:Kidnapping of Hossein Alikhani
1113:United States support for Iraq
957:Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs
676:. Westview Press. p. 28.
609:. Westview Press. p. 30.
298:and the 48,233-ton gas tanker
1:
1540:2021 U.S.–Iran naval incident
2283:Iran–United States relations
1664:Iran Freedom and Support Act
1649:Iran and Libya Sanctions Act
1383:Detention of American hikers
1307:1980 October Surprise theory
906:Iran–United States relations
644:Stillwell, Paul (May 1988).
2308:History of the Persian Gulf
1785:United Against Nuclear Iran
1361:Kidnapping of Jalal Sharafi
713:"America's 'War on Terror'"
2329:
2217:Not for the Faint of Heart
2192:Saint Peter Church, Tehran
2167:American School of Isfahan
2130:State Sponsor of Terrorism
1704:Dames & Moore v. Regan
1545:2022 Erbil missile attacks
1237:Operation Martyr Soleimani
1227:Thirteen revenge scenarios
1197:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
524:Peniston, Bradley (2006).
268:
207:
2273:1987 in the United States
2226:
2055:1998 FIFA World Cup match
1654:Iran Nonproliferation Act
1605:Maximum pressure campaign
1503:2021 Erbil rocket attacks
34:
26:
2313:July 1987 events in Asia
2172:Community School, Tehran
1932:Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil
1810:National Council of Iran
1805:Kingdom Assembly of Iran
1724:Bank Markazi v. Peterson
1483:2019 K-1 Air Base attack
1398:Strait of Hormuz dispute
1331:Beirut barracks bombings
1287:Operation Credible Sport
1163:Operation Praying Mantis
1003:1953 Iranian coup d'Ă©tat
455:. Praeger. p. 202.
449:Gibson, Bryan R (2010).
410:Operation Praying Mantis
383:Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani
357:Following the incident,
1674:Kyl–Lieberman Amendment
1421:Nuclear program of Iran
1158:Operation Nimble Archer
1143:Operation Eager Glacier
481:Haghshenass, Fariborz.
405:Operation Nimble Archer
2197:Tehran American School
2080:CIA activities in Iran
1750:Groups and individuals
1729:Certain Iranian Assets
1719:United States v. Banki
1458:Arrest of Meng Wanzhou
1242:2020 Camp Taji attacks
1153:Operation Prime Chance
1148:Operation Earnest Will
1008:Abadan Crisis Timeline
648:. U.S. Naval Institute
415:Operation Prime Chance
368:Pasdaran force of Iran
271:Operation Earnest Will
259:Operation Earnest Will
222:
187:Operation Earnest Will
152:
150:Operation Earnest Will
108:the US-escorted convoy
2293:Iran–Kuwait relations
2115:Iranian frozen assets
1937:Shahrzad Mirgholikhan
1644:Executive Order 13876
1639:Executive Order 13780
1622:Executive Order 13769
1617:Executive Order 12172
1612:Executive Order 12170
1577:Tower 22 drone attack
1336:Khobar Towers bombing
1282:Guadeloupe Conference
814:Crist, David (2013).
756:Crist, David (2013).
217:
144:
2037:Abdul Majid Muhammed
1762:Iran–America Society
1508:2021 Natanz incident
1498:2020 Iran explosions
1292:Operation Eagle Claw
1254:Incidents after 1979
1065:Joint Plan of Action
993:Persian Gulf Command
127:base in Farsi Island
2085:Copyright relations
1416:2016 Naval incident
1272:Iran hostage crisis
1123:Iran Air Flight 655
1035:Island of Stability
967:Iranian Directorate
490:washingtoninstitute
395:Iran Air Flight 655
379:Mir-Hossein Mousavi
242:for military help.
166:of the supertanker
85: /
2182:Iran Bethel School
2157:Alborz High School
1992:Abdolreza Shahlaei
1967:Sahar Nowrouzzadeh
1952:Mohammad Mosaddegh
1927:Amir Mirza Hekmati
1917:Mahmoud Reza Banki
1867:Erwin David Rabhan
1832:Howard Baskerville
1714:Oil Platforms case
1689:Public Law 113-100
1366:2008 Naval dispute
1267:Iranian Revolution
1133:Iran–Contra affair
1118:Bridgeton incident
320:Ayatollah Khomeini
223:
153:
41:The convoy's route
22:Bridgeton incident
2253:Conflicts in 1987
2240:
2239:
1942:Mohammad Hosseini
1837:William J. Fallon
1757:Iran Action Group
1572:2024 Erbil attack
1378:Project Cassandra
1138:Operation Staunch
1025:Project Dark Gene
827:978-1-101-57234-4
769:978-1-101-57234-4
363:Caspar Weinberger
352:Middle East Force
139:
138:
89:27.967°N 49.833°E
61:13 miles west of
2320:
2232:
2231:
2187:Iranzamin School
2177:Damavand College
2150:Alavi Foundation
2145:650 Fifth Avenue
2095:Dual containment
2090:Death to America
2002:Masoud Soleimani
1922:Haleh Esfandiari
1887:Michael R. White
1632:Trump travel ban
1436:Operation Merlin
1175:Yemeni Civil War
1170:Syrian civil war
1020:Exercise Delawar
988:Persian Corridor
920:Diplomatic posts
914:
913:
904:
903:
892:
885:
878:
869:
863:
862:
860:
858:
838:
832:
831:
811:
805:
804:
802:
800:
780:
774:
773:
753:
747:
746:
744:
743:
723:
717:
716:
715:. PENGUIN PRESS.
708:
702:
701:
699:
698:
692:
686:. Archived from
675:
664:
658:
657:
655:
653:
641:
635:
634:
632:
631:
625:
619:. Archived from
608:
597:
584:
583:
581:
580:
574:
568:. Archived from
557:
546:
540:
539:
521:
508:
507:
505:
504:
498:
492:. Archived from
487:
478:
467:
466:
446:
277:Strait of Hormuz
121:Executed by
100:
99:
97:
96:
95:
90:
86:
83:
82:
81:
78:
39:
19:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2236:
2222:
2043:
1902:Saeid Aboutaleb
1882:Craig Wadsworth
1857:Stephen D. Mull
1847:Joseph Macmanus
1745:
1586:
1441:Charming Kitten
1403:RQ-170 incident
1371:Filipino Monkey
1317:Algiers Accords
1248:
1185:Abraham Accords
1096:
1090:U.S. withdrawal
976:
915:
908:
898:
896:
866:
856:
854:
841:Hakimi, Erfan.
840:
839:
835:
828:
813:
812:
808:
798:
796:
783:Hakimi, Erfan.
782:
781:
777:
770:
755:
754:
750:
741:
739:
726:Hakimi, Erfan.
725:
724:
720:
710:
709:
705:
696:
694:
690:
684:
673:
666:
665:
661:
651:
649:
643:
642:
638:
629:
627:
623:
617:
606:
599:
598:
587:
578:
576:
572:
566:
555:
548:
547:
543:
536:
523:
522:
511:
502:
500:
496:
485:
480:
479:
470:
463:
448:
447:
436:
432:
391:
348:
273:
267:
212:
206:
93:
91:
87:
84:
79:
76:
74:
72:
71:
70:
69:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2326:
2324:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2245:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2065:American Islam
2062:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2017:Karan Vafadari
2014:
2012:Kian Tajbakhsh
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1827:Elliott Abrams
1824:
1823:
1822:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1596:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1418:
1413:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1363:
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855:. Retrieved
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312:Mohsen Rezai
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179:Farsi Island
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116:24 July 1987
67:Persian Gulf
63:Farsi Island
51:Naval mining
27:Part of the
2100:Great Satan
2027:Nizar Zakka
1997:Ali Shakeri
1982:Trita Parsi
1947:Esha Momeni
1592:Legislation
1555:Seizure of
1030:Safari Club
857:20 December
799:20 December
247:Soviet Navy
218:The tanker
173:by Iranian
92: /
2247:Categories
2022:Xiyue Wang
1862:Jon Pattis
1842:Brian Hook
1790:Farashgard
1561:St Nikolas
1557:Suez Rajan
742:2016-01-16
697:2015-12-26
630:2015-12-26
579:2015-12-26
503:2016-01-12
430:References
310:commander
300:Gas Prince
208:See also:
204:Background
177:navy near
29:Tanker War
2210:Overthrow
2203:Bomb Iran
1800:Jundallah
1627:reactions
1222:reactions
1101:Conflicts
1085:Aftermath
1080:Criticism
1075:Reactions
1070:Framework
981:Diplomacy
375:Bridgeton
346:Aftermath
340:Bridgeton
332:Bridgeton
296:Bridgeton
255:U.S. Navy
220:Bridgeton
198:Bridgeton
170:Bridgeton
158:Bridgeton
146:Bridgeton
125:IRGC Navy
2234:Category
1426:Timeline
1408:MV
1277:Timeline
1128:Iran Ajr
851:Archived
793:Archived
736:Archived
424:incident
389:See also
308:Pasdaran
288:Missouri
265:Incident
238:and the
168:SS
162:was the
160:incident
57:Location
2048:Related
1446:Stuxnet
652:24 July
181:in the
148:during
132:Outcome
80:49°50′E
77:27°58′N
824:
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732:Borhan
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324:mining
232:Kuwait
164:mining
105:Target
691:(PDF)
674:(PDF)
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607:(PDF)
573:(PDF)
556:(PDF)
497:(PDF)
486:(PDF)
422:Stark
1559:and
1431:P5+1
859:2015
822:ISBN
801:2015
764:ISBN
678:ISBN
654:2019
611:ISBN
560:ISBN
530:ISBN
457:ISBN
420:USS
373:The
175:IRGC
155:The
113:Date
47:Type
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