1976:
3365:
2673:
627:
357:(Westinghouse acquired CBS in 1995 and reoriented itself as a broadcaster), for $ 1.1 billion. Westinghouse's businesses are fuel manufacture, decommissioning of nuclear sites and reactor design, construction and servicing. Westinghouse was acquired as a possible core for the privatisation of a portion of BNFL.
459:
In March 2006, BNFL announced its intention to sell BNG. With the sale of
Westinghouse, BNG America and BNG this was to effectively bring BNFL to an end. Mike Parker, CEO of BNFL, said: "By the end of 2007... there will be little need for the BNFL corporate centre from this time". On 22 August 2006,
594:
However, on 18 July 2023, BNFL was resurrected as Great
British Nuclear, with the aim of delivering the government's long-term nuclear programme and supporting its ambition to deliver up to 24 GW of nuclear power in the UK by 2050. Great British Nuclear is running a
439:
reported on 23 January 2006 that
Toshiba had won the bid, it valued the company's offer at $ 5bn (£2.8bn). On 6 February 2006, Toshiba confirmed it was buying Westinghouse Electric Company for $ 5.4bn and announced it would sell a minority stake to investors.
2709:
1338:
497:
and became the NDA's Site
Licence Company (SLC) for the decommissioning contract at Sellafield. In November 2008, the NDA contracted the management of Sellafield Ltd to Nuclear Management Partners Ltd, a consortium of
401:
site. The NDA then opened up the decommissioning of the different sites to tender to drive down costs. BNFL became one of a number of decommissioning contractors through BNG. BNFL's nuclear waste transfer companies,
752:
3399:
2117:
599:
which will place between one and four co-funding contracts in late 2024, supporting the development and regulatory approval process, to prepare bids for a SMR final investment decision in 2029.
1779:
3394:
2702:
386:(BNG) and a new holding company was established and adopted the British Nuclear Fuels name. This new BNFL operated largely through its major subsidiaries of Westinghouse and BNG as well as
3419:
886:
270:
Great
British Nuclear, to coordinate the UK nuclear industry to help achieve government net-zero targets. The company formally changed its name to Great British Nuclear on 20 March 2024.
338:, and take back a flawed shipment of MOX fuel from Japan. BNFL's Chief Executive John Taylor resigned, after initially resisting resignation when the NII's damning report was published.
1601:
3350:
1028:"An Investigation into the Falsification of Pellet Diameter Data in the MOX Demonstration Facility at the BNFL Sellafield Site and the Effect of this on the Safety of MOX Fuel in Use"
843:
2695:
2514:
1334:
364:
for £300 million. This company, which was merged into
Westinghouse, had nuclear interests in the United States, Europe and Asia. In June 2000, BNFL took a 22.5% stake in
534:
and the
British Technology Centre at Sellafield. The NNL was launched in July 2008 as a Government-owned company, and initially was managed under contract by a consortium of
421:
In July 2005, BNFL confirmed it planned to sell
Westinghouse, then estimated to be worth $ 1.8bn (£1bn). However the bid attracted interest from several companies, including
2002:
1219:
1134:
2110:
1579:
782:
580:
on 31 December 2008 and regained its original name, British
Nuclear Fuels Limited. The final sale transactions for BNFL's former businesses were completed in May 2009.
334:(NII) investigation concluded that "the level of control and supervision ... had been virtually non-existent." BNFL had to pay compensation to the Japanese customer,
1250:
3389:
2615:
3409:
1894:
1688:
1496:
1390:
2677:
2103:
1924:
1364:
2607:
249:
1954:
1553:
1718:
1775:
523:
1753:
810:
1872:
3414:
1518:
893:
518:
In July 2006, the UK Government stated its intention to preserve and develop key research and development capabilities potentially as part of a
2320:
1605:
1470:
2527:
2454:
2386:
683:
1416:
835:
468:
365:
926:
591:
In
February 2023, plans to wind up the company within two years were still active. By this point the company had not traded in 13 years.
3316:
2904:
2126:
1196:
1169:
777:
772:
596:
2660:
2459:
2391:
2032:
689:
331:
3335:
3194:
2649:
2474:
2444:
2295:
1850:
1832:
733:
661:
650:
394:
127:
1438:
2578:
2537:
2522:
2347:
1994:
677:
170:
40:
3404:
2504:
2469:
2449:
2381:
721:
2062:
1575:
289:
Its US subsidiary BNFL, Inc. was established in 1990 and specialised in decontamination and decommissioning of nuclear sites.
3263:
2532:
2434:
2429:
1810:
1279:
644:
638:
407:
371:
In January 2003, the research and development arm of BNFL was relaunched as Nuclear Sciences and Technology Services (NSTS).
1242:
3238:
3139:
2464:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2315:
760:
711:
705:
350:
195:
115:
3089:
3008:
2849:
2754:
2636:
2300:
2137:
1027:
570:
245:
3228:
2954:
2479:
2372:
2339:
2290:
1227:
1142:
1112:
1082:
739:
539:
519:
487:
430:
293:
121:
1898:
382:
On 1 April 2005, the company was reorganised as part of the restructuring of the wider nuclear industry. BNFL became
278:
British Nuclear Fuels Limited (BNFL) was set up in February 1971 from the demerger of the production division of the
2844:
1696:
1015:
Watts, Jonathan; Paul Brown (15 September 1999). "Japan launches inquiry into BNFL". Guardian Newspapers. p. 9.
3199:
3184:
2889:
2834:
2285:
1488:
1386:
1312:
993:
672:
562:
in April 2008 through Enrichment Holdings Ltd while the government explored the possibility of selling the stake.
3369:
3233:
2655:
2489:
1920:
1360:
695:
297:
3110:
3105:
3033:
2804:
3268:
3028:
3018:
3013:
2969:
2934:
2884:
2854:
2839:
2829:
2824:
2784:
2330:
2310:
1545:
566:
543:
3038:
1946:
865:
1722:
2979:
2949:
2939:
2924:
2919:
2909:
2864:
2859:
2819:
700:
608:
471:. It was later sold in June 2007, along with its subsidiary that held the operating contracts with the NDA,
50:
2929:
759:
The former BNFL logotype was created in 1996 by Lloyd Northover, the British design consultancy founded by
460:
BNFL announced that instead of selling BNG as a going concern it would instead sell it off piece by piece.
2974:
2964:
2959:
2879:
2789:
2718:
2215:
2194:
1745:
802:
283:
1665:
1631:
3330:
3243:
2944:
2899:
2869:
2814:
2794:
2220:
1868:
1047:
559:
383:
374:
However, BNFL's financial difficulties increased, and the prospect of partial privatisation diminished.
201:
1522:
397:(NDA) was established on 1 April 2005 and took ownership of all of BNFL's nuclear sites, including the
3253:
2914:
2894:
2799:
2401:
2184:
667:
403:
1657:
1621:
341:
As a consequence of this crisis, a possible partial privatisation of BNFL was delayed by two years.
216:
1474:
177:
2087:
3189:
3084:
2874:
2809:
2722:
985:
977:
1412:
482:
BNG Project Services, BNG's specialist nuclear consulting business, was sold in January 2008 to
2687:
918:
259:), ran reactors, generated and sold electricity, reprocessed and managed spent fuel (mainly at
3248:
2305:
969:
361:
1192:
1165:
3258:
2642:
2566:
2260:
2255:
961:
527:
426:
255:
From its creation in 1971 to 2010, it functioned as a manufacturer of nuclear fuel (notably
2024:
3069:
1060:
577:
531:
499:
476:
472:
453:
435:
387:
335:
309:
1854:
1836:
308:
sites, were not attractive for commercial operations and remained in public ownership as
17:
3297:
2730:
2583:
2245:
2240:
2189:
1947:"BRITISH NUCLEAR FUELS LIMITED overview - Find and update company information - GOV.UK"
1445:
494:
301:
165:
133:
109:
2095:
312:. On 30 January 1998, Magnox Electric was merged into BNFL as BNFL Magnox Generation.
3383:
3124:
2142:
989:
241:
233:
60:
2590:
2265:
2199:
2054:
727:
583:
Despite this, the company itself was not wound up and continued as a legal entity.
555:
413:
On 19 April 2005, BNFL, Inc. was renamed BNG America and made a subsidiary of BNG.
267:
237:
1802:
1275:
3282:
3065:
2993:
2620:
573:
is responsible for the support and manufacturing of the UK's nuclear deterrent.
3315:
965:
546:; this is known as a GOCO (Government-Owned, Contractor-Operated) arrangement.
479:. All UK Magnox power stations were due to cease operation by the end of 2015.
3213:
3155:
3023:
2573:
2561:
2439:
2250:
2179:
2174:
716:
656:
612:
449:
398:
321:
260:
187:
147:
1031:
973:
3345:
3169:
1626:
1305:"Technology transfer – Selling Westinghouse is lucrative but controversial"
1104:
1074:
2596:
2410:
483:
327:
1304:
981:
949:
448:
On 3 February 2006, BNFL announced it had agreed to sell BNG America to
2739:
626:
422:
3340:
2420:
464:
305:
263:), and decommissioned nuclear plants and other similar facilities.
1721:. Nuclear Engineering International. 12 January 2007. Archived from
326:
In 1999, it was discovered that BNFL staff had been falsifying some
39:
750:
535:
507:
279:
70:
390:, its commercial nuclear technology business formed out of NSTS.
286:
as British Nuclear Fuels plc, wholly owned by the UK government.
2769:
1776:"BNFL sells Reactor Sites Management Company to EnergySolutions"
887:"Risk Management: The Nuclear Liabilities of British Energy plc"
503:
2691:
2099:
1489:"House of Lords - Science and Technology - Minutes of Evidence"
751:
1108:
1078:
354:
256:
1135:"BNFL chief determined to stay despite damning safety report"
1444:. British Nuclear Fuels plc. 2005. p. 3. Archived from
950:"UK NUCLEAR POWER MERGER BNFL and Magnox Electric to Merge"
576:
As BNFL was wound down it was converted back to a private
565:
BNFL's one third stake of AWE Management Ltd was sold to
463:
In January 2007, BNFL announced that it would sell BNG's
892:. National Audit Office. 6 February 2004. Archived from
1995:"UK SMR competition aiming for multiple reactor fleets"
1026:
Nuclear Installations Inspectorate (18 February 2000).
360:
In 2000, BNFL also purchased the nuclear businesses of
130:(decommissioning regulation and older nuclear reactors)
1521:. British Nuclear Group. 19 April 2005. Archived from
304:, raising £2.1 billion. The oldest reactors, the
322:
Sellafield § MOX fuel quality data falsification
98:
Assets sold off initially, resurrected as GBN in 2023
3400:
Former nationalised industries of the United Kingdom
1544:
Terry Macalister and Mark Milner (24 January 2006).
634:
BNFL formerly had operations at 18 sites in the UK:
3323:
3290:
3281:
3221:
3212:
3177:
3168:
3148:
3132:
3123:
3098:
3077:
3064:
3047:
3001:
2992:
2777:
2768:
2747:
2738:
2729:
2629:
2606:
2554:
2513:
2497:
2488:
2419:
2400:
2371:
2338:
2329:
2278:
2233:
2208:
2158:
2151:
1853:. Nuclear Engineering International. Archived from
1835:. Nuclear Engineering International. Archived from
1415:. Nuclear Engineering International. 27 July 2005.
211:
186:
176:
164:
154:
143:
102:
94:
76:
66:
56:
46:
3395:Nuclear technology companies of the United Kingdom
1951:find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk
1389:. Nuclear Engineering International. 1 July 2005.
1746:"Salt Lake City firm takes over UK nuclear sites"
1299:
1297:
783:Energy use and conservation in the United Kingdom
3420:Government-owned companies of the United Kingdom
1622:"BNFL sells American nuclear business for $ 90m"
1921:"British Nuclear Fuels Limited Company Details"
1387:"BNFL performance up, Westinghouse up for sale"
1270:
1268:
2616:Cumbrians Opposed to a Radioactive Environment
1604:. BNG America. 3 February 2006. Archived from
71:UK Atomic Energy Authority Production Division
2703:
2111:
1473:. National Nuclear Laboratory. Archived from
486:, which was itself later acquired in 2010 by
353:, the commercial nuclear power businesses of
8:
3351:Pre-nationalisation electric power companies
514:Formation of the National Nuclear Laboratory
32:
1895:"Jacobs Completes Purchase of Share in AWE"
1851:"Consortium to run UK National Nuclear Lab"
250:Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
3287:
3218:
3174:
3129:
3074:
2998:
2774:
2744:
2735:
2710:
2696:
2688:
2494:
2335:
2162:
2155:
2118:
2104:
2096:
607:GBN is led by Gwen Parry-Jones as interim
266:It was resurrected in July 2023 under the
38:
31:
1576:"Toshiba Acquires Westinghouse From BNFL"
1337:(Press release). BNFL. 29 December 1999.
1335:"BNFL to Acquire Nuclear Business of ABB"
1243:"Jaguar man to take BNFL private by 2002"
530:confirmed the NNL would be formed out of
524:Secretary of State for Trade and Industry
410:, were also both transferred to the NDA.
1897:. Nuclear Careers Online. Archived from
1803:"BNFL is history as consortium steps in"
1363:. World Nuclear News. 30 November 2013.
625:
182:Nuclear Sciences and Technology Services
1687:Griffiths, Katherine (23 August 2006).
1220:"Safety fear delays BNFL sell-off plan"
794:
597:small modular reactor (SMR) competition
2321:United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority
1689:"Anger as nuclear sell-off is shelved"
1499:from the original on 10 September 2021
1439:"BNFL Annual Report and Accounts 2005"
1056:
1045:
996:from the original on 10 September 2021
929:from the original on 10 September 2021
3390:British companies established in 1971
1833:"UK plans new nuclear research group"
1813:from the original on 19 December 2008
1756:from the original on 23 February 2017
1719:"BNFL sale of reactor sites business"
1602:"BNG America to Join EnergySolutions"
1253:from the original on 27 February 2016
1195:. Nuclear Engineering International.
1168:. Nuclear Engineering International.
954:Energy Exploration & Exploitation
684:Hinkley Point A nuclear power station
587:Resurrection as Great British Nuclear
554:Control of BNFL's one third stake in
330:quality assurance data since 1996. A
7:
3410:Energy companies established in 1971
2005:from the original on 25 January 2024
1875:from the original on 30 October 2011
1668:from the original on 9 November 2023
1658:"BNFL to be wound up by end of 2007"
1634:from the original on 9 November 2023
1546:"Toshiba to buy BNFL's Westinghouse"
1367:from the original on 22 January 2014
1282:from the original on 9 February 2006
1276:"Toshiba buys BNFL firm for $ 5.4bn"
830:
828:
469:Reactor Sites Management Company Ltd
366:Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (Pty) Ltd
2127:Nuclear power in the United Kingdom
1801:Madslien, Jorn (24 November 2008).
1620:Jameson, Angela (3 February 2006).
1471:"Launch of Nexia Solutions Limited"
1315:from the original on 7 January 2014
1311:. 26 January 2006. pp. 30–31.
778:Energy policy of the United Kingdom
773:Nuclear power in the United Kingdom
2661:Sustainable Development Commission
1582:from the original on 28 March 2023
1578:. Business Wire. 6 February 2006.
1556:from the original on 16 April 2014
1341:from the original on 28 April 2006
1141:. 19 February 2000. Archived from
1115:from the original on 18 April 2003
919:"Nuclear firms prepare for merger"
690:Hunterston A nuclear power station
467:reactor sites operating business,
332:Nuclear Installations Inspectorate
25:
3336:Lancashire Electric Power Company
2650:Nuclear Power and the Environment
2296:Nuclear Decommissioning Authority
2065:from the original on 19 July 2023
2035:from the original on 19 July 2023
1957:from the original on 19 July 2023
1927:from the original on 6 April 2012
1744:MacAlister, Terry (8 June 2007).
1419:from the original on 4 March 2016
1393:from the original on 4 March 2016
1085:from the original on 17 July 2004
846:from the original on 18 July 2023
836:"Great British Nuclear: Overview"
813:from the original on 19 July 2023
734:Trawsfynydd nuclear power station
678:Dungeness A nuclear power station
662:Chapelcross nuclear power station
651:Calder Hall nuclear power station
444:Break up of British Nuclear Group
395:Nuclear Decommissioning Authority
316:Quality data falsification crisis
128:Nuclear Decommissioning Authority
3363:
3314:
2672:
2671:
2579:Thermal Oxide Reprocessing Plant
1782:from the original on 21 May 2012
1199:from the original on 19 May 2013
1172:from the original on 19 May 2013
722:Sizewell A nuclear power station
282:(UKAEA). In 1984, BNFL became a
171:Government of the United Kingdom
27:Nuclear energy and fuels company
1656:Jameson, Angela (4 July 2006).
1361:"Nuclear Power in South Africa"
1105:"Safety overhaul at Sellafield"
3415:1971 establishments in England
1241:Sophie Barker (30 June 2000).
1218:George Jones (30 March 2000).
645:Bradwell nuclear power station
639:Berkeley nuclear power station
611:, who was formerly the CEO of
408:International Nuclear Services
1:
3370:North West England portal
2845:Dickinson Street (Manchester)
2316:Office for Nuclear Regulation
1075:"BNFL ends Japan nuclear row"
730:(now in partial decommission)
706:Oldbury nuclear power station
351:Westinghouse Electric Company
196:Westinghouse Electric Company
116:Westinghouse Electric Company
2637:Franco-British Nuclear Forum
2301:Nuclear Industry Association
2138:Energy in the United Kingdom
294:advanced gas-cooled reactors
246:non-departmental public body
2850:Fiddlers Ferry (Warrington)
2291:National Nuclear Laboratory
1164:Nolan Fell (1 April 2000).
740:Wylfa nuclear power station
520:National Nuclear Laboratory
488:Babcock International Group
431:Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
122:National Nuclear Laboratory
82:; 53 years ago
3436:
2955:Stuart Street (Manchester)
2599:(research and development)
2286:Civil Nuclear Constabulary
1493:publications.parliament.uk
1413:"What's happened to BNFL?"
966:10.1177/014459879701500604
618:Its chair is Simon Bowen.
319:
280:UK Atomic Energy Authority
3359:
3312:
2840:Clarence Dock (Liverpool)
2805:Bloom Street (Manchester)
2795:Back o' th' Bank (Bolton)
2669:
2656:Nuclear power in Scotland
2165:
2133:
1519:"BNG America is launched"
1191:Janet Wood (1 May 2000).
300:(PWR) were privatised as
298:pressurised water reactor
230:British Nuclear Fuels Ltd
37:
18:British Nuclear Fuels Ltd
2890:Lister Drive (Liverpool)
2311:Nuclear Liabilities Fund
1695:. London. Archived from
1278:. BBC. 6 February 2006.
567:Jacobs Engineering Group
544:University of Manchester
522:(NNL). In October 2006,
112:(newer nuclear reactors)
2905:Percival Lane (Runcorn)
1645:(subscription required)
866:"Great British Nuclear"
701:Maentwrog power station
609:chief executive officer
558:was transferred to the
349:In 1999, BNFL acquired
3405:Nuclear fuel companies
2719:Electricity generation
2216:NNB Generation Company
2195:Sheffield Forgemasters
2025:"Gwen Parry-Jones OBE"
1871:. World Nuclear News.
1869:"BNFL reaches its end"
1055:Cite journal requires
756:
631:
284:public limited company
3331:British Nuclear Fuels
2980:Whitebirk (Blackburn)
2246:British Nuclear Group
2221:Horizon Nuclear Power
2170:Great British Nuclear
2088:Archived BNFL website
948:Battle, John (1997).
754:
629:
560:Shareholder Executive
384:British Nuclear Group
240:company owned by the
226:Great British Nuclear
202:British Nuclear Group
160:Gwen Parry-Jones, CEO
33:Great British Nuclear
3264:West of Duddon Sands
1725:on 27 September 2007
1230:on 20 November 2002.
1034:on 24 September 2006
417:Sale of Westinghouse
404:Direct Rail Services
3229:Askam & Ireleth
2835:Chamber Hall (Bury)
2209:New build operators
2001:. 15 January 2024.
1923:. Companies House.
1145:on 20 November 2002
925:. 2 February 1998.
899:on 31 December 2006
763:and Jim Northover.
742:(shut down in 2015)
736:(shut down in 1993)
724:(shut down in 2006)
708:(shut down in 2012)
692:(shut down in 1990)
686:(shut down in 2000)
680:(shut down in 2006)
664:(shut down in 2004)
653:(shut down in 2003)
647:(shut down in 2002)
641:(shut down in 1989)
118:(US power stations)
34:
2860:Greenhill (Oldham)
2723:North West England
2593:(fuel manufacture)
2567:uranium enrichment
1999:World Nuclear News
757:
632:
630:BNFL's 18 UK sites
569:in December 2008.
3377:
3376:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3277:
3276:
3208:
3207:
3164:
3163:
3119:
3118:
3090:Red Moss Landfill
3060:
3059:
2988:
2987:
2945:Spa Road (Bolton)
2764:
2763:
2685:
2684:
2555:Non-reactor sites
2550:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2306:Nuclear Institute
2274:
2273:
2229:
2228:
1857:on 19 March 2012.
1839:on 19 March 2012.
1451:on 24 August 2006
1111:. 17 April 2000.
368:in South Africa.
248:sponsored by the
223:
222:
136:(decommissioning)
16:(Redirected from
3427:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3318:
3288:
3219:
3175:
3130:
3075:
2999:
2915:Ribble (Preston)
2775:
2745:
2736:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2689:
2675:
2674:
2495:
2336:
2261:Scottish Nuclear
2256:Nuclear Electric
2163:
2156:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2097:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2010:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1901:on 27 March 2012
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1778:. 15 June 2007.
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1699:on 27 March 2007
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1608:on 22 March 2006
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1525:on 22 March 2006
1515:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1477:on 2 April 2012.
1467:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1450:
1443:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1301:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1272:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1226:. Archived from
1215:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1193:"Good business?"
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1166:"BNFL in crisis"
1161:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1081:. 11 July 2000.
1071:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1053:
1051:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1030:. Archived from
1023:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1001:
945:
939:
938:
936:
934:
915:
909:
908:
906:
904:
898:
891:
883:
877:
876:
874:
872:
862:
856:
855:
853:
851:
832:
823:
822:
820:
818:
799:
528:Alistair Darling
493:BNG was renamed
427:General Electric
228:(GBN), formerly
219:
150:, United Kingdom
90:
88:
83:
42:
35:
21:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3364:
3362:
3355:
3319:
3302:
3291:Proposed/future
3273:
3234:Barrow Offshore
3204:
3160:
3144:
3115:
3099:Proposed/future
3094:
3056:
3048:Proposed/future
3043:
2984:
2760:
2725:
2716:
2686:
2681:
2665:
2643:Nuclear or Not?
2625:
2602:
2542:
2528:Hinkley Point C
2509:
2484:
2455:Hinkley Point A
2415:
2396:
2387:Hinkley Point B
2367:
2325:
2270:
2251:Magnox Electric
2225:
2204:
2147:
2129:
2124:
2093:
2084:
2079:
2078:
2068:
2066:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2008:
2006:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1960:
1958:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1930:
1928:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1904:
1902:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1878:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1816:
1814:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1785:
1783:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1759:
1757:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1728:
1726:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1702:
1700:
1693:Daily Telegraph
1686:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1669:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1637:
1635:
1619:
1611:
1609:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1585:
1583:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1528:
1526:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1502:
1500:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1422:
1420:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1396:
1394:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1370:
1368:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1344:
1342:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1318:
1316:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1285:
1283:
1274:
1273:
1266:
1256:
1254:
1247:Daily Telegraph
1240:
1239:
1235:
1224:Daily Telegraph
1217:
1216:
1212:
1202:
1200:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1175:
1173:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1148:
1146:
1139:Daily Telegraph
1133:
1132:
1128:
1118:
1116:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1054:
1044:
1037:
1035:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1009:
999:
997:
947:
946:
942:
932:
930:
917:
916:
912:
902:
900:
896:
889:
885:
884:
880:
870:
868:
864:
863:
859:
849:
847:
834:
833:
826:
816:
814:
801:
800:
796:
791:
769:
749:
624:
605:
589:
578:limited company
552:
550:Final disposals
532:Nexia Solutions
516:
477:EnergySolutions
473:Magnox Electric
454:EnergySolutions
446:
436:Financial Times
419:
388:Nexia Solutions
380:
347:
336:Kansai Electric
324:
318:
310:Magnox Electric
292:In 1996, seven
276:
215:
207:
157:
139:
86:
84:
81:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3433:
3431:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3382:
3381:
3375:
3374:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3327:
3325:
3321:
3320:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3298:Mersey Barrage
3294:
3292:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3269:Winscales Moor
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3225:
3223:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3181:
3179:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3152:
3150:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3136:
3134:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3081:
3079:
3072:
3062:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3009:Blackburn Mill
3005:
3003:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2755:Fiddlers Ferry
2751:
2749:
2742:
2733:
2731:Power stations
2727:
2726:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2584:Windscale fire
2581:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2519:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2501:
2499:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2426:
2424:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2407:
2405:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2378:
2376:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2344:
2342:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2241:British Energy
2237:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2212:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2190:Sellafield Ltd
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2100:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2082:External links
2080:
2077:
2076:
2046:
2016:
1986:
1968:
1938:
1912:
1886:
1860:
1842:
1824:
1793:
1767:
1736:
1710:
1679:
1648:
1593:
1567:
1536:
1510:
1480:
1462:
1430:
1404:
1378:
1352:
1326:
1293:
1264:
1233:
1210:
1183:
1156:
1126:
1096:
1066:
1057:|journal=
1018:
1007:
960:(6): 497–506.
940:
910:
878:
857:
824:
793:
792:
790:
787:
786:
785:
780:
775:
768:
765:
748:
745:
744:
743:
737:
731:
725:
719:
714:
709:
703:
698:
693:
687:
681:
675:
670:
665:
659:
654:
648:
642:
623:
620:
604:
601:
588:
585:
551:
548:
515:
512:
495:Sellafield Ltd
445:
442:
418:
415:
379:
378:Reorganisation
376:
346:
343:
320:Main article:
317:
314:
302:British Energy
296:(AGR) and one
275:
272:
234:nuclear energy
221:
220:
213:
209:
208:
206:
205:
199:
192:
190:
184:
183:
180:
174:
173:
168:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
145:
141:
140:
138:
137:
134:Sellafield Ltd
131:
125:
119:
113:
110:British Energy
106:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3432:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3372:
3371:
3358:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3324:Organisations
3322:
3317:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3280:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3167:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3147:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3122:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2935:Slacks Valley
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2713:
2708:
2706:
2701:
2699:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2680:
2679:
2668:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:Organisations
2277:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2143:Nuclear power
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2121:
2116:
2114:
2109:
2107:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2055:"Simon Bowen"
2050:
2047:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1990:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1942:
1939:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1874:
1870:
1864:
1861:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1825:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1794:
1781:
1777:
1771:
1768:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1740:
1737:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1683:
1680:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1652:
1649:
1633:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1594:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1568:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1540:
1537:
1524:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1484:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1466:
1463:
1447:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1392:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1366:
1362:
1356:
1353:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1237:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1211:
1198:
1194:
1187:
1184:
1171:
1167:
1160:
1157:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1127:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1100:
1097:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1062:
1049:
1033:
1029:
1022:
1019:
1011:
1008:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
944:
941:
928:
924:
923:Physics World
920:
914:
911:
895:
888:
882:
879:
867:
861:
858:
845:
841:
837:
831:
829:
825:
812:
808:
804:
798:
795:
788:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
770:
766:
764:
762:
755:BNFL logotype
753:
746:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
663:
660:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
636:
635:
628:
621:
619:
616:
614:
610:
602:
600:
598:
592:
586:
584:
581:
579:
574:
572:
568:
563:
561:
557:
549:
547:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
513:
511:
509:
505:
501:
496:
491:
489:
485:
480:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
457:
455:
451:
443:
441:
438:
437:
433:and when the
432:
428:
424:
416:
414:
411:
409:
405:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
377:
375:
372:
369:
367:
363:
358:
356:
352:
344:
342:
339:
337:
333:
329:
323:
315:
313:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
290:
287:
285:
281:
273:
271:
269:
264:
262:
258:
253:
251:
247:
243:
242:UK Government
239:
235:
232:(BNFL), is a
231:
227:
218:
214:
210:
203:
200:
197:
194:
193:
191:
189:
185:
181:
179:
175:
172:
169:
167:
163:
159:
153:
149:
146:
142:
135:
132:
129:
126:
123:
120:
117:
114:
111:
108:
107:
105:
101:
97:
93:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
52:
49:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
3361:
3195:Macclesfield
3111:Weston Point
3066:Incinerators
3034:Weston Point
2676:
2648:
2641:
2608:Anti-nuclear
2591:Springfields
2460:Hunterston A
2392:Hunterston B
2266:NuGeneration
2169:
2092:
2067:. Retrieved
2058:
2049:
2037:. Retrieved
2028:
2019:
2007:. Retrieved
1998:
1989:
1980:
1971:
1959:. Retrieved
1950:
1941:
1929:. Retrieved
1915:
1903:. Retrieved
1899:the original
1889:
1877:. Retrieved
1863:
1855:the original
1845:
1837:the original
1827:
1815:. Retrieved
1806:
1796:
1784:. Retrieved
1770:
1758:. Retrieved
1750:The Guardian
1749:
1739:
1727:. Retrieved
1723:the original
1713:
1701:. Retrieved
1697:the original
1692:
1682:
1670:. Retrieved
1661:
1651:
1636:. Retrieved
1625:
1610:. Retrieved
1606:the original
1596:
1584:. Retrieved
1570:
1558:. Retrieved
1550:The Guardian
1549:
1539:
1527:. Retrieved
1523:the original
1513:
1503:10 September
1501:. Retrieved
1492:
1483:
1475:the original
1465:
1453:. Retrieved
1446:the original
1433:
1421:. Retrieved
1407:
1395:. Retrieved
1381:
1369:. Retrieved
1355:
1343:. Retrieved
1329:
1317:. Retrieved
1308:
1284:. Retrieved
1255:. Retrieved
1246:
1236:
1228:the original
1223:
1213:
1201:. Retrieved
1186:
1174:. Retrieved
1159:
1147:. Retrieved
1143:the original
1138:
1129:
1117:. Retrieved
1099:
1087:. Retrieved
1069:
1048:cite journal
1036:. Retrieved
1032:the original
1021:
1010:
1000:10 September
998:. Retrieved
957:
953:
943:
933:10 September
931:. Retrieved
922:
913:
901:. Retrieved
894:the original
881:
869:. Retrieved
860:
848:. Retrieved
839:
815:. Retrieved
806:
797:
758:
728:Springfields
633:
622:Former sites
617:
606:
593:
590:
582:
575:
564:
553:
517:
492:
481:
462:
458:
447:
434:
420:
412:
392:
381:
373:
370:
359:
348:
340:
325:
291:
288:
277:
268:trading name
265:
254:
229:
225:
224:
188:Subsidiaries
144:Headquarters
47:Company type
29:
3244:Coal Clough
3185:Bromborough
3156:Calder Hall
3014:Bridgewater
2621:Energy Fair
2475:Trawsfynydd
2450:Dungeness A
2445:Chapelcross
2440:Calder Hall
2382:Dungeness B
2185:Rolls-Royce
1760:11 December
1618:; see also
1149:18 November
1119:18 November
1089:18 November
1038:18 November
747:Former logo
696:Littlebrook
244:. It is a
204:(2005-2009)
198:(1999–2006)
67:Predecessor
3384:Categories
3254:Scout Moor
3239:Burbo Bank
3200:Merseyside
3190:Ince A + B
3039:Winnington
3029:Rocksavage
3019:Carrington
2970:Warrington
2830:Chadderton
2825:Carrington
2785:Accrington
2757:(co-fires)
2574:Sellafield
2562:Capenhurst
2538:Sizewell C
2523:Bradwell B
2505:Sizewell B
2470:Sizewell A
2348:Hartlepool
2180:Magnox Ltd
2175:EDF Energy
2009:21 January
1752:. London.
1729:31 January
1664:. London.
1638:12 January
1630:. London.
1560:17 January
1423:17 January
1397:17 January
1371:17 January
1319:17 January
1257:17 January
1203:17 January
1176:17 January
803:"About us"
789:References
761:John Lloyd
717:Sellafield
657:Capenhurst
613:Magnox Ltd
603:Leadership
450:Envirocare
399:Sellafield
261:Sellafield
156:Key people
148:Warrington
124:(research)
103:Successors
3346:SP Manweb
2950:Stockport
2940:Southport
2925:St Helens
2920:Roosecote
2910:Radcliffe
2885:Lancaster
2865:Hartshead
2855:Fleetwood
2358:Heysham 2
2353:Heysham 1
2152:Companies
1703:25 August
1672:25 August
1662:The Times
1627:The Times
1612:25 August
1529:25 August
1455:26 August
1345:25 August
1309:Economist
1286:25 August
990:254181293
974:0144-5987
903:25 August
668:Daresbury
345:Expansion
178:Divisions
3024:Fellside
2975:Westwood
2965:Wallasey
2960:Trafford
2880:Kearsley
2820:Carlisle
2790:Agecroft
2678:Category
2597:Winfrith
2533:Moorside
2435:Bradwell
2430:Berkeley
2423:(closed)
2411:Dounreay
2404:(closed)
2375:(closed)
2331:Reactors
2063:Archived
2033:Archived
2003:Archived
1977:"gov.uk"
1955:Archived
1925:Archived
1873:Archived
1811:Archived
1807:BBC News
1780:Archived
1754:Archived
1666:Archived
1632:Archived
1580:Archived
1554:Archived
1497:Archived
1417:Archived
1391:Archived
1365:Archived
1339:Archived
1313:Archived
1280:Archived
1251:Archived
1197:Archived
1170:Archived
1113:Archived
1083:Archived
994:Archived
982:43865247
927:Archived
844:Archived
811:Archived
767:See also
542:and the
540:Battelle
484:VT Group
452:to form
328:MOX fuel
57:Industry
3249:Ormonde
3140:Heysham
3125:Nuclear
2930:Salford
2900:Padiham
2870:Huncoat
2815:Burnley
2740:Biomass
2515:Planned
2465:Oldbury
2363:Torness
2234:Defunct
2159:Current
2069:19 July
2039:19 July
1961:19 July
1931:14 July
1905:14 July
1879:14 July
1817:17 July
1786:11 July
1586:23 July
850:19 July
817:19 July
423:Toshiba
274:History
212:Website
85: (
77:Founded
61:Nuclear
51:Private
3341:Norweb
3259:Walney
3222:Active
3178:Closed
3149:Closed
3133:Active
3085:Bolton
3078:Active
3002:Active
2895:Nelson
2875:Ince A
2800:Barton
2778:Closed
2748:Closed
2498:Active
2421:Magnox
2200:Urenco
2059:GOV.UK
2029:GOV.UK
1981:gov.uk
988:
980:
972:
871:4 July
840:GOV.UK
807:GOV.UK
712:Risley
556:Urenco
465:Magnox
306:Magnox
217:gov.uk
166:Parent
3283:Tidal
3070:Waste
2630:Other
2480:Wylfa
1449:(PDF)
1442:(PDF)
986:S2CID
978:JSTOR
897:(PDF)
890:(PDF)
673:Drigg
536:Serco
508:Areva
475:, to
238:fuels
3214:Wind
3106:Ince
2810:Bold
2770:Coal
2071:2023
2041:2023
2011:2024
1963:2023
1933:2011
1907:2011
1881:2011
1819:2011
1788:2012
1762:2016
1731:2007
1705:2006
1674:2006
1640:2007
1614:2006
1588:2019
1562:2014
1531:2006
1505:2021
1457:2006
1425:2014
1399:2014
1373:2014
1347:2006
1321:2014
1288:2006
1259:2014
1205:2014
1178:2014
1151:2006
1121:2006
1091:2006
1061:help
1040:2006
1002:2021
970:ISSN
935:2021
905:2006
873:2024
852:2023
819:2023
506:and
504:AMEC
429:and
406:and
393:The
236:and
95:Fate
87:1971
80:1971
3170:Oil
2994:Gas
2721:in
2490:PWR
2402:FBR
2373:AGR
2340:AGR
1109:BBC
1079:BBC
962:doi
571:AWE
500:URS
362:ABB
355:CBS
257:MOX
3386::
2061:.
2057:.
2031:.
2027:.
1997:.
1979:.
1953:.
1949:.
1809:.
1805:.
1748:.
1691:.
1660:.
1624:.
1552:.
1548:.
1495:.
1491:.
1307:.
1296:^
1267:^
1249:.
1245:.
1222:.
1137:.
1107:.
1077:.
1052::
1050:}}
1046:{{
992:.
984:.
976:.
968:.
958:15
956:.
952:.
921:.
842:.
838:.
827:^
809:.
805:.
615:.
538:,
526:,
510:.
502:,
490:.
456:.
425:,
252:.
3068:/
2711:e
2704:t
2697:v
2119:e
2112:t
2105:v
2073:.
2043:.
2013:.
1983:.
1965:.
1935:.
1909:.
1883:.
1821:.
1790:.
1764:.
1733:.
1707:.
1676:.
1642:.
1616:.
1590:.
1564:.
1533:.
1507:.
1459:.
1427:.
1401:.
1375:.
1349:.
1323:.
1290:.
1261:.
1207:.
1180:.
1153:.
1123:.
1093:.
1063:)
1059:(
1042:.
1004:.
964::
937:.
907:.
875:.
854:.
821:.
89:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.