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1345:, arrived in New York. These "Loch Leven" brown trout were distributed to the same hatcheries. Over the next few years, additional eggs from Scotland, England, and Germany were shipped to U.S. hatcheries. Behnke (2007) believed all life forms of brown trout—anadromous, riverine, and lacustrine—were imported into the U.S. and intermingled genetically to create what he calls the American generic brown trout and a single subspecies the North European brown trout (
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trout. Regional variants include the so-called "Loch Leven" trout, distinguished by larger fins, a slimmer body, and heavy black spotting, but lacking red spots. The continental
European strain features a lighter golden cast with some red spotting and fewer dark spots. Notably, both strains can show considerable individual variation from this general description. Early stocking efforts in the United States used fish taken from
2070:
wily ancestors was tried until, in a moment of exhaustion, the net was slipped under him. Wading ashore with my prize, I had barely time to notice his size—a good four-pounder, and unusual markings, large yellow spots encircled by black, with great brilliancy of iridescent color—when back he flopped into the water and was gone. However, I took afterward several of the same variety, known in the Park as the Von Baer
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fish species, a change in the diet composition normally occurs during the life of the fish, and piscivorous behaviour is most frequent in large brown trout. These shifts in the diet during fish lifecycle transitions may be accompanied by a marked reduction in intraspecific competition in the fish population, facilitating the partitioning of resources.
1150:
Brown trout have been widely introduced into suitable environments around the world, including North and South
America, Australasia, Asia, and South and East Africa. Introduced brown trout have established self-sustaining, wild populations in many introduced countries. The first introductions were in
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Long dashes down stream taxed my unsteady footing; the sharp click and whirr of the reel resounded in desperate efforts to hold him somewhat in check; another headlong dash, then a vicious bulldog shake of the head as he sawed back and forth across the rocks. Every wile inherited from generations of
1778:
First feeding of newly emerged fry is very important for brown trout survival in this phase of the lifecycle, and first feeding can occur even prior to emergence. Fry start to feed before complete yolk absorption and the diet composition of newly emerged brown trout is composed of small prey such as
1676:
system in
Michigan, setting a new state record. As of late December 2009, the fish captured by Healy was confirmed by both the International Game Fish Association and the Fresh Water Fishing Hall of Fame as the new all-tackle world record for the species. This fish, which supplanted the former world
1364:
in
Michigan. This was the first release of brown trout into U.S. waters. Between 1884 and 1890, brown trout were introduced into suitable habitats throughout the U.S. By 1900, 38 states and two territories had received stocks of brown trout. Their adaptability resulted in most of these introductions
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Freshwater brown trout range in colour from largely silver with relatively few spots and a white belly, to the more well-known brassy reddish-brown cast fading to creamy white on the fish's belly, with medium-sized spots surrounded by lighter halos. The more silver forms can be mistaken for rainbow
1978:
The Trout is a fish highly valued, both in this and foreign nations. He may be justly said, as the old poet said of wine, and we
English say of venison, to be a generous fish: a fish that is so like the buck, that he also has his seasons; for it is observed, that he comes in and goes out of season
1774:
Field studies have demonstrated that brown trout fed on several animal prey species, aquatic invertebrates being the most abundant prey items. However, brown trout also feed on other taxa such as terrestrial invertebrates (e.g. Hymenoptera) or other fish. Moreover, in brown trout, as in many other
1983:
says, his name is of a German offspring; and says he is a fish that feeds clean and purely, in the swiftest streams, and on the hardest gravel; and that he may justly contend with all fresh water fish, as the Mullet may with all sea fish, for precedency and daintiness of taste; and that being in
1894:
trout. Proponents of stocking triploids argue, because they are infertile, they can be introduced into an environment that contains wild brown trout without the negative effects of cross-breeding. However, stocking triploids may damage wild stocks in other ways. Triploids certainly compete with
2090:
Within the US, brown trout introductions have created self-sustaining fisheries throughout the country. Many are considered "world-class" such as in the Great Lakes and in several
Arkansas tailwaters. Outside the U.S. and outside its native range in Europe, introduced brown trout have created
1997:
Throughout the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, angling authors, mostly
British, some French, and later American, writing about trout fishing were writing about fishing for brown trout. Once brown trout were introduced into the U.S. in the 1880s, they became a major subject of American angling
1462:
Cover or structure is important to trout, and they are more likely to be found near submerged rocks and logs, undercut banks, and overhanging vegetation. Structure provides protection from predators, bright sunlight, and higher water temperatures. Access to deep water for protection in winter
1709:
Brown trout can live 20 years, but as with the
Atlantic salmon, a high proportion of males die after spawning, and probably fewer than 20% of anadromous female kelts recover from spawning . The migratory forms grow to significantly larger sizes for their age due to abundant
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in the waters where they spend most of their lives. Sea trout are more commonly female in less nutrient-rich rivers. Brown trout are active both by day and by night and are opportunistic feeders. While in freshwater, their diets frequently include
1664:
The brown trout is a medium-sized fish, growing to 20 kg (44 lb) or more and a length of about 100 cm (39 in) in some localities, although in many smaller rivers, a mature weight of 1.0 kg (2.2 lb) or less is common.
1864:. Genetic background is a very important factor when determining the success of trout populations, this information is vital to restore and enhance previous populations. Because of the trout's importance as a food and game fish, it has been
1573:
Defining characteristics include a slender body with a long, narrow head. The mouth is large, and on its roof, vomerine teeth are developed in a zig-zag pattern. The caudal fin is deltaform without forking, unlike that of the related
1424:
Overfishing is a problem where anglers fail to identify and return mature female fish into the lake or stream. Each large female removed can result in thousands fewer eggs released back into the system when the remaining fish spawn.
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in 1866. By 1868, the Plenty River hosted a self-sustaining population of brown trout which became a brood source for continued introduction of brown trout into
Australian and New Zealand rivers. Successful introductions into the
2467:
Splendiani, Andrea; Fioravanti, Tatiana; Giovannotti, Massimo; Negri, Alessandra; Ruggeri, Paolo; Olivieri, Luigi; Nisi
Cerioni, Paola; Lorenzoni, Massimo; Caputo Barucchi, Vincenzo; Consuegra, Sofia (22 June 2016).
2792:
Amundsen, P-A.; Bøhn, T.; Popova, O.A.; Staldvik, F.J.; Reshetnikov, Y.S.; Kashulin, N.; Lukin, A. (2003). "Ontogenetic niche shifts and resource partitioning in a subarctic piscivore fish guild".
2702:
Jensen, H.; Kiljunen, M.; Amundsen, P-A. (2012). "Dietary ontogeny and niche shift to piscivory in lacustrine brown trout Salmo trutta revealed by stomach content and stable isotope analyses".
1953:
The trout, because he is a right dainty fish and also a right fervent biter, we shall speak of next. He is in season from March until Michaelmas. He is on clean gravel bottom and in a stream.
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1096:
3407:
The Chartres produces some great fishing ...When he was reunited with the party a few hours later, he had taken 15 sea trout from 7 lbs to 14 1/2 lbs – world-class fishing by any yardstick
1095:
2907:
Sánchez-Hernández, J.; Vieira-Lanero, R.; Servia, M.J.; Cobo, F. (2011a). "First feeding diet of young brown trout fry in a temperate area: disentangling constrains and food selection".
1451:
bones from an archaeological site in Italy, and ancient DNA extracted from some of these bones, indicate that both abundance and genetic diversity increased markedly during the colder
3083:
Marco-Rius, Francisco; Sotelo, Graciela; Caballero, Pablo; Morán, Paloma (2013). "Insights for planning an effective stocking program in anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta)".
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1858:, which also have affinity for well-oxygenated, cold streams. Brown trout additionally are voracious predators of invertebrates and can carry microbial pathogens like
1834:, where they are the focus of a specialised fly fishery. The first planting in the United States occurred on April 11, 1884, into the Baldwin River, one mile east of
4203:
4291:
2008:, a seminal work codifying a half century of evolution of fly fishing with floating flies for brown trout. In the late 19th century, American angler and writer
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fish by increasing the water temperature just after fertilisation of eggs, or more reliably, by a process known as pressure shocking. Triploids are favoured by
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levels which can cause "summer kills" of local populations if temperatures remain high for sufficient duration and deeper/cooler or fast, turbulent more
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2012:, often called the "Father of American Dry Fly Fishing", perfected dry-fly techniques for the newly arrived, but difficult-to-catch brown trout in
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diploid fish for food, space, and other resources. They could also be more aggressive than diploid fish and they may disturb spawning behaviour.
1007:, both still migrating upstream during reproductive seasons. Anadromous and potamodromous morphs coexisting in the same river appear genetically
1463:
freezes, or fast water for protection from low oxygen levels in summer are also ideal. Trout are more often found in heavy and strong currents.
1097:
2004:
1669:
reaches an average length of 40–80 cm (16–31 in) with a maximum length of 140 cm (55 in) and about 60 pounds (27 kg).
2034:(1910) began a revolution in fly fishing techniques for trout. In 1917, Scottish author Hamish Stuart published the first comprehensive text,
1582:). Dark and red spots are often present on the sides, but do not extend to the tail. Parr trout (juvenile) often have a red margin on their
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1933:. This work is credited with describing the first instance of fly fishing for trout, the trout being the brown trout found in Macedonia. The
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species: the brown trout as an example of a dynamic fish species. In: New Advances and Contributions to Fish Biology, Hakan TĂĽrker (Ed.).
2650:"Summer differences in behavioural feeding habits and use of feeding habitat among brown trout (Pisces) age classes in a temperate area"
4409:
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995:, meaning they are also migratory, though only between freshwater bodies. Lacustrine trout mainly inhabit large lakes with calm and
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created new angling opportunities, none so successful from an angling perspective as was the introduction of browns into the upper
4366:
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1949:, especially fly fishing. One of the most prominent fish described in the work is the brown trout of English rivers and streams:
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record from the Little Red River in Arkansas, has in turn been exceeded by a 20.1-kilogram (44 lb) specimen caught in the
1047:
200:
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of European anglers for centuries. It was first mentioned in angling literature as "fish with speckled skins" by Roman author
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on 27 October 2020. The all-tackle length IGFA world record is a 97-centimetre (38 in) fish caught in Milwaukee Harbor,
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Skoglund, H.; Barlaup, B.T. (2006). "Feeding pattern and diet of first feeding brown trout fry under natural conditions".
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Sánchez-Hernández, J., Servia, M.J., Vieira-Lanero, R. & Cobo F. (2013). Ontogenetic dietary shifts in a predatory
41:
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in 1890. One of the earliest accounts of trout fishing in the park is from Mary Trowbridge Townsend's 1897 article in
1723:, other fish, frogs, mice, birds, and insects flying near the water's surface. The high dietary reliance upon insect
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1275:. Sea-run forms of brown trout exceeding 20 lb (9.1 kg) are caught by local anglers on a regular basis.
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4296:
4143:
2065:"A Woman's Trout Fishing in Yellowstone Park" in which she talks about catching the von Behr trout in the river:
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1334:
2978:. Gainesville, Florida & Ann Arbor, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database
999:
deep water, while riverine trout forms fluvial populations typically in large rivers but sometimes in shallower
1357:
1308:
1176:
3018:
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Zimmerman, C.E.; Mosegaard, H. (1992). "Initial feeding in migratory brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) alevins".
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85:
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1942:
1397:. Increased frequency of excessively warm water temperatures in high summer causes a reduction in dissolved
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native fish species in some of the countries where they have been introduced, particularly Australia. In
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1903:
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1341:. Additional shipments of "von Behr" brown trout eggs arrived in 1884. In 1885, brown trout eggs from
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1946:
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took place in 1890 and 1892, respectively. By 1909, brown trout were established in the mountains of
3800:
2470:"The Effects of Paleoclimatic Events on Mediterranean Trout: Preliminary Evidences from Ancient DNA"
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3710:
1999:
1682:
996:
214:
50:
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2320:. Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. Archived from
1706:. A typical female produces about 2,000 eggs per kg (900 eggs per lb) of body weight at spawning.
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2013:
1807:
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977:
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246:
224:
80:
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1321:. The original shipment of "von Behr" brown trout eggs were handled by three hatcheries, one on
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or sea-run forms of brown trout. Linnaeus also described two other brown trout species in 1758.
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prefers well-oxygenated water in the temperature range of 60 to 65 °F (16 to 18 °C).
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and other locations in the southern hemisphere, brown trout compete with fish from the family
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with other species; if they do, they are almost invariably infertile. One such example is the
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Fuller, P.; Larson, J.; Fusaro, A.; Makled, T.H.; Neilson, M.; Bartos, A. (8 April 2022).
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2021:
2009:
1938:
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and stocked in many places in its range, and fully natural populations (uncontaminated by
1732:
1703:
1575:
1432:, and declining brown trout populations in these specific areas affect the entire aquatic
1181:
1123:
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988:
926:
807:
1534:
3294:
Townsend, Mary Trowbridge (May 2, 1897), "A Woman's Trout Fishing in Yellowstone Park",
3147:
3026:
2885:
2850:
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2715:
2485:
1672:
On September 11, 2009, a 41.45-lb (18.80-kg) brown trout was caught by Tom Healy in the
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4138:
4125:
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3696:
3479:
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3000:
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2220:
Lack of genetic differentiation between anadromous and resident sympatric brown trout (
2054:
2025:
1980:
1740:
1673:
1418:
1406:
127:
2999:
Ferguson, Andrew; Reed, Thomas; Cross, Tom; McGinnity, Philip; Prodohl, Paulo (2019).
2038:, specifically addressing angling techniques for the anadromous forms of brown trout.
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3868:
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2723:
2125:
1819:
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1811:
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992:
945:
900:
196:
70:
65:
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1046:(2007) relates that the brown trout was the first species of trout described in the
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3960:
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3838:
3829:
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3750:
3735:
1971:
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water is not accessible to the fish. This phenomenon can be further exacerbated by
1314:
1291:
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1228:
1200:
in northern India took place in 1868, and by 1900, brown trout were established in
1189:
1119:
969:
847:
828:
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2041:
1313:. The von Behr brown trout came from both mountain streams and large lakes in the
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such as spoons, spinners, jigs, plugs, plastic worm imitations, and live or dead
4283:
4265:
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3895:
3785:
3765:
3725:
2017:
1851:
1827:
1763:
1759:
1736:
1711:
1702:
The spawning behaviour of brown trout is similar to that of the closely related
1633:
1614:
1586:, with dark blotches along their sides that also become inconspicuous with age.
1583:
1476:
1390:
1386:
1322:
1287:
1232:
1223:
geologist, began the introduction of several species of salmonids on the remote
1135:
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3214:
The Fishing In Print-A Guided Tour Through Five Centuries of Angling Literature
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3987:
3270:"A Grand Experiment—100 Years of Fisheries Management in Yellowstone: Part I"
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3780:
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2028:
pioneered nymphing techniques for brown trout on English chalk streams. His
1918:
1847:
1823:
1720:
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1410:
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and continued until 1933. The only Canadian regions without brown trout are
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1160:
1115:
909:
836:
824:
97:
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2513:
1652:
1620:
1302:, obtained brown trout eggs from a Baron Lucius von Behr, president of the
17:
3982:
3464:
The End of the Line: How overfishing is changing the world and what we eat
1175:. Thirty-eight young trout were released in the river, a tributary of the
4151:
4078:
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1883:
1865:
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1139:
1131:
961:
804:
117:
4319:
3642:
GLANSIS Species FactSheet (Distributional information for North America)
3595:(3). Manchester, VT: American Museum of Fly Fishing: 7–8. Archived from
1389:
are under various degrees of stress mainly through habitat degradation,
4169:
2814:
2778:
1891:
1887:
1876:
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1610:
1595:
1501: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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right season, the most dainty palates have allowed precedency to him.
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1724:
1398:
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1000:
930:
820:
107:
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1011:
What determines whether they migrate to sea or not remains unknown.
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1902:
1843:
1790:
1728:
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1600:
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1039:
1032:
953:
922:
862:
815:
811:
157:
2975:
NOAA Great Lakes Aquatic Nonindigenous Species Information System
4332:
1882:
Farming of brown trout has included the production of infertile
1268:
4117:
4001:
3649:
2570:
Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection
1913:, 1849, by Alfred Ronalds, showing a brown trout and a grayling
1470:
1151:
Australia in 1864 when 300 of 1500 brown trout eggs from the
2318:"Global Invasive Species Database-Salmo trutta-Distribution"
1126:
in North Africa. The western limit of their native range is
1286:
The first introductions into the U.S. started in 1883 when
853:
Brown trout are highly adaptable and have evolved numerous
3185:
McDonald, John (1972). "Gordan and American Fly-fishing".
1239:, and brown trout survived to establish wild populations.
3395:. Ellesmere, Shropshire: Medlar Press. pp. 149–159.
2409:. Ellesmere, Shropshire: Medlar Press. pp. 161–170.
1875:) probably exist only in isolated places, for example in
1428:
In small streams, brown trout are important predators of
2157:}}: |volume= / |doi= mismatch, |date= / |doi= mismatch (
925:
for much of its life and only returns to fresh water to
3339:"A Long Road to World-Class Fly Fishing in New Zealand"
3247:. Ellesmere, Shropshire: Medlar Press. pp. 31–36.
3117:. Ellesmere, Shropshire: Medlar Press. pp. 19–74.
2384:. Ellesmere, Shropshire: Medlar Press. pp. 79–95.
2024:. In the early 20th century, British angler and author
1735:, and adults allows trout to be a favoured target for
1247:
The first introductions in Canada occurred in 1883 in
1110:
The native range of brown trout extends from northern
1739:. Sea trout are fished for especially at night using
1298:, under the authority of the U.S. Fish Commissioner,
1167:. By 1866, 171 young brown trout were surviving in a
1130:
in the north Atlantic, while the eastern limit is in
3559:
The Trout's Tale – The Fish That Conquered an Empire
3393:
The Trout's Tale – The Fish That Conquered an Empire
3366:"At the End of the World, the Fish Stories Are True"
3245:
The Trout's Tale – The Fish That Conquered an Empire
3001:"Anadromy, potamodromy and residency in brown trout
2407:
The Trout's Tale – The Fish That Conquered an Empire
2382:
The Trout's Tale – The Fish That Conquered an Empire
1945:
is considered a foundational work in the history of
1879:
or in high alpine valleys on the European mainland.
1259:. Introductions into South America began in 1904 in
4010:
3882:
3822:
3694:
2535:
Maine Department of Inland Fisheries & Wildlife
2405:Newton, Chris (2013). "The Monsters of Kerguelen".
2289:; Williams, Ted (2007). "Brown Trout-Winter 1986".
2251:; Williams, Ted (2007). "Brown Trout-Winter 1986".
2238:, Volume 18, N° 1, January–March 2005. Pages 65–69.
1838:. Brown trout have had serious negative impacts on
3478:
3211:
3085:Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
2196:, Vol. 1, London: Chapman and Hall, 1990, p. 1058.
2448:"Climate Change and Freshwater". 11 February 2009
921:, which upon adulthood migrate downstream to the
1365:establishing wild, self-sustaining populations.
3502:Sea Trout: Biology, Conservation and Management
2588:
2586:
2560:R.P. Jacobs; E.B. O'Donnell; Connecticut DEEP.
2291:About Trout: The Best of Robert J. Behnke from
2253:About Trout: The Best of Robert J. Behnke from
2067:
1976:
1951:
810:and the most widely distributed species of the
3519:J.L. Bagliniere; G. Maisse; J. Watson (1999).
2296:. Guilford, CT: Globe Pequot. pp. 45–50.
2073:trout, and which I have since found to be the
1605:A 2.7-kg (6 lb), 60-cm (2 ft) sea trout, from
3661:
3189:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 34–44.
2594:"Record brown trout caught in Manistee River"
2281:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2207:World Fish Farming: Cultivation and Economics
8:
2525:
2523:
2380:Newton, Chris (2013). "The Trout in India".
1787:Stocking, farming and non-native brown trout
3391:Newton, Chris (2013). "Falklands' Silver".
2140:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T19861A9050312.en
3998:
3668:
3654:
3646:
3521:Biology and Ecology of the Brown Sea Trout
3500:Graeme Harris; Nigel Milner, eds. (2007).
2745:Elliott, J.M. (1967). "The food of trout (
2531:"Identification of Salmon and Brown Trout"
2342:
2340:
2338:
2258:. Guilford, CT: Globe Pequot. p. 45.
1439:Global climate change is also of concern.
1019:The scientific name of the brown trout is
59:
40:
31:
3243:Newton, Chris (2013). "Two Fish in One".
3050:
2813:
2665:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2503:
2493:
2173:"Synonyms of Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758"
2138:
1890:because they grow faster and larger than
1561:Learn how and when to remove this message
3540:Quantitative Ecology and the Brown Trout
3005:: the role of genes and the environment"
2648:Sánchez-Hernández, J.; Cobo, F. (2012).
2091:"world-class" fisheries in New Zealand,
1691:
1627:
1619:
1393:, and artificial propagation leading to
1231:. Of the seven species introduced, only
1146:Introduction outside their natural range
3561:. Ellesmere, Shropshire: Medlar Press.
3542:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
3427:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
3218:. New York: Winchester Press. pp.
3146:. Flyfishinghistory.com. Archived from
2628:The International Game Fish Association
2355:. New York: Winchester Press. pp.
2107:
1974:is replete with advice on "the trout":
1356:released 4900 brown trout fry into the
861:. These include three main ecotypes: a
263:
3113:Herd, Andrew Dr (2001). "Beginnings".
2954:Sea Grant. Retrieved 14 February 2010.
2077:, the veritable trout of Izaak Walton.
2049:Introductions of brown trout into the
2005:Dry-Fly Fishing in Theory and Practice
1830:, and many other countries, including
3364:Kaminsky, Peter (February 11, 2006).
3337:McGinley, Morgan (January 26, 2010).
2002:, a British angler, author published
1263:. Brown trout are now established in
7:
4307:8e52d031-99de-4a44-88cd-3ede6664efb1
4144:ef4bb22b-a0ad-4421-a100-7d4ac5fe5d35
3628:at the Wikibooks Cookbook subproject
1499:adding citations to reliable sources
1413:—often from the use of agricultural
1329:Hatchery operated by Mather, one in
4395:IUCN Red List least concern species
3142:Treatyse of Fysshynge with an Angle
2194:Thesaurus of Agricultural Organisms
2126:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1959:Treatyse of Fysshynge with an Angle
1935:Treatyse of Fysshynge with an Angle
1917:The brown trout has been a popular
1455:period, and fell during the warmer
1196:. The first introductions into the
2859:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1992.tb02612.x
1155:survived a four-month voyage from
1085:was used for lake-dwelling forms.
25:
4415:Fish of the Western United States
2031:Minor Tactics of the Chalk Stream
1743:. Brown trout can be caught with
1381:The fish is not considered to be
1377:Infographic about the brown trout
4435:Freshwater fish of North America
3981:
3812:
3805:
3799:
3620:
3077:This review cites this research.
2894:10.1111/j.0022-1112.2006.00938.x
2724:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03294.x
2209:, Connecticut: AVI, 1983, p. 93.
1636:, Sweden, after the first summer
1475:
619:Salar ausonii var. parcepunctata
84:
1486:needs additional citations for
1333:, operated by pisciculturalist
739:Salmo lacustris septentrionalis
611:Salar ausonii var. semipunctata
3485:. New York: Winchester Press.
3268:Franke, Mary Ann (Fall 1996).
2692:, InTech, Croatia, 271–298 pp.
1103:A sea trout jumping a weir in
1:
3576:Marston, R.B. (Summer 1985).
1644:A young brown trout from the
1118:tributaries in Russia in the
1081:was used for riverine forms.
895:(not to be confused with the
462:(Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
454:(Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
2667:10.1080/11250003.2012.670274
2495:10.1371/journal.pone.0157975
1907:Frontis and title page from
1806:The species has been widely
987:The lacustrine and riverine
459:Salmo faris var. forestensis
451:Salmo fario var. forestensis
4430:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
3676:Trout and char of the world
3632:Life Cycle of the Sea Trout
2224:) in a Normandy population.
1910:The Fly-fisher's Entomology
1656:Brown trout from a western
1385:, although some individual
4451:
2751:Journal of Applied Ecology
2654:Italian Journal of Zoology
2453:February 11, 2011, at the
2045:Firehole river brown trout
1208:. In the 1950s and 1960s,
1061:established the system of
948:have many regional names:
771:Salmo trutta ciscaucasicus
4410:Fish of the United States
4405:Freshwater fish of Europe
3979:
3797:
3681:
3523:. Springer Praxis Books.
3477:Heacox, Cecil E. (1974).
3210:Gingrich, Arnold (1974).
3019:John Wiley & Sons Ltd
2921:10.1007/s10750-010-0582-3
2749:) in a Dartmoor stream".
2598:Arkansas Democrat-Gazette
2347:Heacox, Cecil E. (1974).
2059:Yellowstone National Park
2036:The Book of The Sea Trout
1282:U.S. range of brown trout
907:populations known as the
622:(Heckel & Kner, 1858)
614:(Heckel & Kner, 1858)
258:previous scientific names
252:
245:
212:
207:
186:
179:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
3481:The Complete Brown Trout
3444:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
2353:The Complete Brown Trout
2236:Aquatic Living Resources
1979:with the stag and buck.
1931:On the Nature of Animals
1754:Brown trout rarely form
1337:, and other hatchery in
1243:Introduction to Americas
991:of brown trout are both
841:one of the world's worst
747:Salmo lacustris romanovi
3901:Blunt-nosed Irish charr
3844:Coastal cutthroat trout
3751:Lake (lacustrine) trout
3589:The American Fly Fisher
3466:. Ebury Press, London.
3462:Clover, Charles. 2004.
3458:. October 2005 version.
3316:Arkansas Monster Browns
3097:10.1139/cjfas-2013-0084
3010:Journal of Fish Biology
2874:Journal of Fish Biology
2839:Journal of Fish Biology
2806:10.1023/A:1025465705717
2704:Journal of Fish Biology
1866:artificially propagated
1038:, meaning, literally, "
731:Salmo lacustris rhenana
4425:Fish described in 1758
3557:Newton, Chris (2013).
3168:Walton, Izaak (1653).
2192:Derwent Publications,
2088:
2046:
1995:
1964:
1914:
1803:
1699:
1661:
1649:
1637:
1625:
1624:Brown trout in a creek
1617:
1378:
1304:German Fishing Society
1283:
1210:Edgar Albert de la Rue
1107:
831:, and has been widely
755:Salmo trutta aralensis
347:Salmo trutta lacustris
3538:Elliot, J.M. (1994).
2044:
1998:literature. In 1889,
1906:
1861:Aeromonas salmonicida
1794:
1779:chironomid larvae or
1695:
1689:on 16 December 2011.
1655:
1648:in North East England
1643:
1631:
1623:
1613:bearing scars from a
1604:
1376:
1360:, a tributary of the
1281:
1257:Northwest Territories
1237:Salvelinus fontinalis
1102:
1073:was used to describe
1063:binomial nomenclature
1053:by Swedish zoologist
819:, endemic to most of
774:(non Dorofeeva, 1967)
4139:Fauna Europaea (new)
3990:at Wikimedia Commons
3864:Mexican golden trout
3695:Trout of Europe and
2133:: e.T19861A9050312.
2115:Freyhof, J. (2011).
1947:recreational fishing
1939:Dame Juliana Berners
1802:stamp issued in 1994
1762:, a hybrid with the
1495:improve this article
1362:Pere Marquette River
1354:U.S. Fish Commission
1343:Loch Leven, Scotland
1339:Northville, Michigan
1163:on the sailing ship
763:Salmo trutta ezenami
707:Salmo trutta oxianus
598:(Valenciennes, 1848)
590:(Valenciennes, 1848)
582:(Valenciennes, 1848)
574:(Valenciennes, 1848)
566:(Valenciennes, 1848)
3761:Mediterranean trout
3277:Yellowstone Science
3171:The Compleat Angler
3027:2019JFBio..95..692F
2886:2006JFBio..68..507S
2851:1992JFBio..40..647Z
2763:1967JApEc...4...59E
2716:2012JFBio..80.2448J
2600:. 11 September 2009
2486:2016PLoSO..1157975S
2016:rivers such as the
2000:Frederic M. Halford
1990:The Compleat Angler
1968:The Compleat Angler
1683:Twizel, New Zealand
1369:Conservation status
1352:In April 1884, the
1331:Caledonia, New York
427:Salmo fario loensis
291:Salmo trutta trutta
51:Conservation status
3966:Small-mouthed char
3951:Lough Melvin charr
3926:Dolly Varden trout
3371:The New York Times
3344:The New York Times
3319:. Field and Stream
2950:2010-06-07 at the
2230:2007-05-18 at the
2047:
1915:
1804:
1700:
1662:
1650:
1638:
1626:
1618:
1430:macroinvertebrates
1379:
1284:
1157:Falmouth, Cornwall
1108:
978:North West England
891:, also called the
803:) is a species of
558:(McClelland, 1842)
419:Salmo cornubiensis
398:(Bonnaterre, 1788)
315:Salmo trutta fario
267:Trutta fluviatilis
4382:
4381:
4354:Open Tree of Life
4004:Taxon identifiers
3995:
3994:
3986:Media related to
3971:Whitespotted char
3568:978-1-907110-44-3
3402:978-1-907110-44-3
3254:978-1-907110-44-3
3035:10.1111/jfb.14005
2690:978-953-51-0909-9
2435:www.flr.gov.nl.ca
2416:978-1-907110-44-3
2391:978-1-907110-44-3
2303:978-1-59921-203-6
2287:Behnke, Robert J.
2265:978-1-59921-203-6
2249:Behnke, Robert J.
1836:Baldwin, Michigan
1571:
1570:
1563:
1545:
1409:of rivers due to
1319:Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
1225:Kerguelen Islands
1100:
1031:derives from the
791:
790:
783:
775:
767:
759:
751:
750:(Kawraisky, 1896)
743:
735:
727:
719:
715:Trutta variabilis
711:
703:
695:
687:
679:
671:
667:Salmo gallivensis
663:
655:
647:
639:
635:Salmo venernensis
631:
627:Salmo fario major
623:
615:
607:
599:
595:Salar spectabilis
591:
583:
575:
567:
559:
551:
543:
535:
527:
519:
511:
503:
495:
487:
479:
471:
463:
455:
447:
439:
431:
423:
415:
407:
399:
391:
383:
375:
367:
359:
351:
343:
335:
327:
319:
311:
303:
295:
287:
279:
271:
260:
74:
16:(Redirected from
4442:
4420:Fish of Pakistan
4375:
4374:
4362:
4361:
4349:
4348:
4336:
4335:
4323:
4322:
4310:
4309:
4300:
4299:
4287:
4286:
4284:NBNSYS0000188607
4274:
4273:
4261:
4260:
4251:
4250:
4238:
4237:
4225:
4224:
4212:
4211:
4199:
4198:
4186:
4185:
4173:
4172:
4160:
4159:
4147:
4146:
4134:
4133:
4121:
4120:
4108:
4107:
4095:
4094:
4082:
4081:
4072:
4071:
4059:
4058:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4031:
4030:
4029:
3999:
3985:
3817:
3816:
3809:
3803:
3736:Garda lake trout
3670:
3663:
3656:
3647:
3624:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3601:
3586:
3572:
3553:
3534:
3515:
3496:
3484:
3459:
3437:
3435:
3433:
3410:
3409:
3388:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3274:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3217:
3207:
3201:
3200:
3182:
3176:
3175:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3110:
3104:
3100:
3091:(7): 1092–1100.
3072:
3054:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2961:
2955:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2869:
2863:
2862:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2817:
2800:(1–3): 109–119.
2789:
2783:
2782:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2710:(7): 2448–2462.
2699:
2693:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2590:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2557:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2527:
2518:
2517:
2507:
2497:
2464:
2458:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2344:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2283:
2270:
2269:
2245:
2239:
2216:
2210:
2203:
2197:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2142:
2112:
2086:
2022:Neversink Rivers
1993:
1962:
1566:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1546:
1544:
1503:
1479:
1471:
1312:
1227:in the southern
1218:
1101:
1048:1758 edition of
1010:
844:invasive species
839:, even becoming
784:
781:
776:
773:
768:
766:(non Berg, 1948)
765:
760:
757:
752:
749:
744:
741:
736:
733:
728:
725:
720:
717:
712:
709:
704:
701:
696:
693:
691:Salmo islayensis
688:
685:
683:Salmo orcadensis
680:
677:
672:
669:
664:
661:
659:Salmo polyosteus
656:
653:
648:
645:
643:Salmo brachypoma
640:
637:
632:
629:
624:
621:
616:
613:
608:
605:
600:
597:
592:
589:
584:
581:
576:
573:
568:
565:
560:
557:
555:Salmo orientalis
552:
549:
547:Salmo levenensis
544:
541:
536:
533:
528:
525:
520:
517:
512:
509:
504:
501:
496:
493:
488:
485:
480:
478:(Lacepède, 1803)
477:
472:
470:(Lacepède, 1803)
469:
467:Salmo cumberland
464:
461:
456:
453:
448:
445:
440:
437:
432:
429:
424:
421:
416:
413:
411:Salmo sylvaticus
408:
405:
400:
397:
392:
389:
387:Trutta salmanata
384:
382:(Wartmann, 1783)
381:
376:
373:
368:
366:(Linnaeus, 1758)
365:
363:Trutta lacustris
360:
358:(Linnaeus, 1758)
357:
352:
350:(Linnaeus, 1758)
349:
344:
342:(Linnaeus, 1758)
341:
336:
334:(Linnaeus, 1758)
333:
328:
326:(Linnaeus, 1758)
325:
320:
318:(Linnaeus, 1758)
317:
312:
310:(Linnaeus, 1758)
309:
304:
302:(Linnaeus, 1758)
301:
296:
294:(Linnaeus, 1758)
293:
288:
286:(Linnaeus, 1758)
285:
280:
277:
275:Trutta salmonata
272:
269:
256:
192:
89:
88:
68:
63:
62:
44:
32:
21:
4450:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4440:
4439:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4378:
4370:
4365:
4357:
4352:
4344:
4339:
4331:
4326:
4318:
4315:Observation.org
4313:
4305:
4303:
4295:
4290:
4282:
4277:
4269:
4264:
4256:
4254:
4246:
4241:
4233:
4228:
4220:
4215:
4207:
4202:
4194:
4189:
4181:
4176:
4168:
4163:
4155:
4150:
4142:
4137:
4129:
4124:
4116:
4111:
4103:
4098:
4090:
4085:
4077:
4075:
4067:
4062:
4054:
4049:
4040:
4039:
4034:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4006:
3996:
3991:
3975:
3921:Coomsaharn char
3884:
3878:
3849:Cutthroat trout
3827:
3818:
3811:
3810:
3804:
3795:
3699:
3690:
3677:
3674:
3617:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3584:
3575:
3569:
3556:
3550:
3537:
3531:
3518:
3512:
3499:
3493:
3476:
3440:
3431:
3429:
3421:
3418:
3416:Further reading
3413:
3403:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3376:
3374:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3349:
3347:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3322:
3320:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3296:Outing Magazine
3293:
3292:
3288:
3272:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3255:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3230:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3197:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3153:
3151:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3125:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3082:
2998:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2979:
2970:Linnaeus, 1758"
2963:
2962:
2958:
2952:Wayback Machine
2940:
2936:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2771:10.2307/2401409
2744:
2743:
2739:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2682:freshwater fish
2679:
2675:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2632:
2630:
2620:"Trout, brown (
2618:
2617:
2613:
2603:
2601:
2592:
2591:
2584:
2574:
2572:
2566:) - Introduced"
2559:
2558:
2549:
2539:
2537:
2529:
2528:
2521:
2480:(6): e0157975.
2466:
2465:
2461:
2455:Wayback Machine
2446:
2442:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2417:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2367:
2346:
2345:
2336:
2327:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2304:
2285:
2284:
2273:
2266:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2232:Wayback Machine
2217:
2213:
2204:
2200:
2191:
2187:
2178:
2176:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2152:
2145:
2143:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2087:
2083:Outing Magazine
2081:
2063:Outing Magazine
2010:Theodore Gordon
1994:
1988:
1963:
1957:
1901:
1789:
1772:
1704:Atlantic salmon
1667:S. t. lacustris
1632:Brown trout in
1609:in the west of
1576:Atlantic salmon
1567:
1556:
1550:
1547:
1504:
1502:
1492:
1480:
1469:
1467:Characteristics
1457:Bølling-Allerød
1371:
1306:
1245:
1212:
1148:
1134:tributaries in
1124:Atlas Mountains
1093:
1091:
1083:Salmo lacustris
1059:Systema Naturae
1050:Systema Naturae
1017:
1008:
940:. Sea trout in
865:ecotype called
846:outside of its
808:ray-finned fish
787:
782:Tortonese, 1954
779:Salmo abanticus
777:
769:
761:
753:
745:
737:
729:
721:
713:
710:(Kessler, 1874)
705:
702:(Kessler, 1874)
697:
694:(Thomson, 1873)
689:
686:(GĂĽnther, 1866)
681:
678:(GĂĽnther, 1866)
673:
670:(GĂĽnther, 1866)
665:
662:(GĂĽnther, 1866)
657:
654:(GĂĽnther, 1866)
649:
646:(GĂĽnther, 1866)
641:
638:(GĂĽnther, 1866)
633:
630:(Walecki, 1863)
625:
617:
609:
603:Salmo estuarius
601:
593:
585:
577:
571:Fario argenteus
569:
561:
553:
550:(Yarrell, 1839)
545:
542:(Parnell, 1838)
537:
534:(Nilsson, 1832)
529:
521:
513:
505:
497:
494:(Donovan, 1806)
491:Salmo cambricus
489:
481:
473:
465:
457:
449:
446:(Schrank, 1798)
443:Salmo saxatilis
441:
438:(Walbaum, 1792)
433:
430:(Walbaum, 1792)
425:
422:(Walbaum, 1792)
417:
409:
401:
393:
385:
377:
374:(Duhamel, 1771)
369:
361:
353:
345:
339:Fario lacustris
337:
331:Salmo lacustris
329:
321:
313:
305:
297:
289:
281:
273:
270:(Duhamel, 1771)
265:
262:
261:
233:
223:
203:
194:
188:
175:
83:
75:
64:
60:
53:
28:
27:Species of fish
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4448:
4446:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4387:
4386:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4376:
4363:
4350:
4337:
4324:
4311:
4301:
4288:
4275:
4262:
4252:
4239:
4226:
4213:
4200:
4187:
4174:
4161:
4148:
4135:
4126:Fauna Europaea
4122:
4109:
4096:
4083:
4073:
4060:
4047:
4032:
4016:
4014:
4008:
4007:
4002:
3993:
3992:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3936:Kirikuchi char
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3892:
3890:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3835:
3833:
3820:
3819:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3731:Flathead trout
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3711:Adriatic trout
3707:
3705:
3697:Atlantic basin
3692:
3691:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3650:
3644:
3643:
3634:
3629:
3616:
3615:External links
3613:
3612:
3611:
3578:"Brown Trout (
3573:
3567:
3554:
3548:
3535:
3529:
3516:
3510:
3497:
3491:
3474:
3460:
3442:Froese, Rainer
3438:
3423:"Salmo trutta"
3417:
3414:
3412:
3411:
3401:
3383:
3356:
3329:
3313:Price, Steve.
3305:
3286:
3260:
3253:
3235:
3228:
3202:
3195:
3177:
3160:
3130:
3123:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
2989:
2956:
2934:
2915:(1): 109–119.
2899:
2880:(2): 507–521.
2864:
2845:(4): 647–650.
2829:
2784:
2737:
2694:
2673:
2660:(3): 468–478.
2640:
2611:
2582:
2562:"Brown Trout (
2547:
2519:
2459:
2440:
2422:
2415:
2397:
2390:
2372:
2365:
2334:
2309:
2302:
2293:Trout Magazine
2271:
2264:
2255:Trout Magazine
2240:
2211:
2198:
2185:
2175:. Fishbase.org
2164:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2079:
2055:Firehole River
2026:G. E. M. Skues
1986:
1955:
1900:
1897:
1788:
1785:
1771:
1768:
1674:Manistee River
1569:
1568:
1483:
1481:
1474:
1468:
1465:
1419:drainage basin
1407:eutrophication
1370:
1367:
1292:pisciculturist
1244:
1241:
1186:Cape Provinces
1147:
1144:
1090:
1087:
1016:
1013:
1005:alpine streams
835:globally as a
789:
788:
786:
785:
726:(Moreau, 1881)
587:Salar gaimardi
579:Salar bailloni
539:Salmo caecifer
531:Salmo truttula
526:(Cuvier, 1829)
518:(Pallas, 1814)
510:(Walker, 1812)
502:(Walker, 1812)
499:Salmo taurinus
475:Salmo gadoides
414:(Gmelin, 1789)
406:(Gmelin, 1789)
403:Salmo stroemii
255:
254:
253:
250:
249:
243:
242:
210:
209:
205:
204:
195:
184:
183:
177:
176:
172:S. trutta
169:
167:
163:
162:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
128:Actinopterygii
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
77:
76:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4447:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4373:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4329:
4325:
4321:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4302:
4298:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4267:
4263:
4259:
4253:
4249:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4205:
4201:
4197:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4153:
4149:
4145:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4074:
4070:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4052:
4048:
4043:
4037:
4033:
4028:
4022:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4013:
4009:
4005:
4000:
3989:
3984:
3978:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3869:Rainbow trout
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3826:
3825:Pacific basin
3823:Trout of the
3821:
3815:
3808:
3802:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3721:Fibreno trout
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3680:
3671:
3666:
3664:
3659:
3657:
3652:
3651:
3648:
3641:
3640:Linnaeus 1758
3639:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3602:on 2015-07-01
3598:
3594:
3590:
3583:
3581:
3574:
3570:
3564:
3560:
3555:
3551:
3545:
3541:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3522:
3517:
3513:
3511:9781405129916
3507:
3503:
3498:
3494:
3492:0-87691-129-7
3488:
3483:
3482:
3475:
3473:
3472:0-09-189780-7
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3449:
3443:
3439:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3419:
3415:
3408:
3404:
3398:
3394:
3387:
3384:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3360:
3357:
3346:
3345:
3340:
3333:
3330:
3318:
3317:
3309:
3306:
3301:
3297:
3290:
3287:
3282:
3278:
3271:
3264:
3261:
3256:
3250:
3246:
3239:
3236:
3231:
3229:9780876911570
3225:
3221:
3216:
3215:
3206:
3203:
3198:
3192:
3188:
3181:
3178:
3173:
3172:
3164:
3161:
3150:on 2014-01-27
3149:
3145:
3143:
3140:"Translation-
3138:Andrew Herd.
3134:
3131:
3126:
3124:1-899600-19-1
3120:
3116:
3109:
3106:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3004:
2997:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2969:
2960:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2942:Brown Trout,
2938:
2935:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2909:Hydrobiologia
2903:
2900:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2868:
2865:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2833:
2830:
2825:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2794:Hydrobiologia
2788:
2785:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2738:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2668:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2644:
2641:
2629:
2625:
2623:
2615:
2612:
2599:
2595:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2571:
2567:
2565:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2463:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2449:
2444:
2441:
2436:
2432:
2431:"Brown Trout"
2426:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2408:
2401:
2398:
2393:
2387:
2383:
2376:
2373:
2368:
2366:0-87691-129-7
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2324:on 2020-06-03
2323:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2305:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2174:
2168:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2120:
2111:
2108:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2084:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2051:American West
2043:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1966:The renowned
1960:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1912:
1911:
1905:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1820:South America
1817:
1816:North America
1813:
1812:sport fishing
1809:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1776:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1717:invertebrates
1713:
1707:
1705:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1668:
1659:
1654:
1647:
1646:River Derwent
1642:
1635:
1630:
1622:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1565:
1562:
1554:
1551:February 2021
1543:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512: –
1511:
1510:"Brown trout"
1507:
1506:Find sources:
1500:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1484:This section
1482:
1478:
1473:
1472:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1453:Younger Dryas
1450:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1395:introgression
1392:
1388:
1384:
1375:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1358:Baldwin River
1355:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1310:
1305:
1301:
1300:Spencer Baird
1297:
1293:
1290:, a New York
1289:
1280:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1177:River Derwent
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1055:Carl Linnaeus
1052:
1051:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1014:
1012:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
993:potamodromous
990:
985:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
946:Great Britain
943:
939:
935:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
911:
906:
902:
901:North America
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
877:
873:
868:
864:
860:
856:
851:
849:
845:
842:
838:
834:
830:
827:and parts of
826:
822:
818:
817:
813:
809:
806:
802:
801:
796:
780:
772:
764:
756:
748:
742:(Fatio, 1890)
740:
734:(Fatio, 1890)
732:
724:
723:Trutta marina
718:(Lunel, 1874)
716:
708:
700:
699:Salmo oxianus
692:
684:
676:
668:
660:
652:
651:Salmo mistops
644:
636:
628:
620:
612:
604:
596:
588:
580:
572:
564:
563:Salar ausonii
556:
548:
540:
532:
524:
523:Salmo lemanus
516:
515:Salmo spurius
508:
507:Salmo montana
500:
492:
484:
476:
468:
460:
452:
444:
436:
428:
420:
412:
404:
396:
390:(Strøm, 1784)
388:
380:
379:Salmo illanca
372:
371:Trutta marina
364:
356:
348:
340:
332:
324:
316:
308:
300:
299:Trutta trutta
292:
284:
278:(Rutty, 1772)
276:
268:
264:
259:
251:
248:
244:
241:
240:
236:
235:Salmo trutta
232:
231:
227:
226:Salmo trutta
222:
221:
217:
211:
206:
202:
198:
193:
191:
185:
182:
181:Binomial name
178:
174:
173:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
138:Salmoniformes
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
87:
82:
78:
72:
67:
66:Least Concern
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
4069:Salmo_trutta
4056:Salmo_trutta
4042:Salmo trutta
4012:Salmo trutta
4011:
3961:Silver trout
3956:Orkney charr
3885:
3859:Golden trout
3839:Apache trout
3830:Oncorhynchus
3828:
3771:Prespa trout
3756:Marble trout
3715:
3700:
3638:Salmo trutta
3637:
3604:. Retrieved
3597:the original
3592:
3588:
3579:
3558:
3539:
3520:
3501:
3480:
3463:
3453:
3448:Salmo trutta
3447:
3430:. Retrieved
3406:
3392:
3386:
3375:. Retrieved
3369:
3359:
3348:. Retrieved
3342:
3332:
3321:. Retrieved
3315:
3308:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3280:
3276:
3263:
3244:
3238:
3213:
3205:
3187:Quill Gordon
3186:
3180:
3170:
3163:
3152:. Retrieved
3148:the original
3141:
3133:
3114:
3108:
3088:
3084:
3014:
3008:
3003:Salmo trutta
3002:
2992:
2980:. Retrieved
2973:
2968:Salmo trutta
2967:
2959:
2944:Salmo trutta
2943:
2937:
2912:
2908:
2902:
2877:
2873:
2867:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2797:
2793:
2787:
2757:(1): 59–71.
2754:
2750:
2747:Salmo trutta
2746:
2740:
2707:
2703:
2697:
2676:
2657:
2653:
2643:
2631:. Retrieved
2627:
2622:Salmo trutta
2621:
2614:
2602:. Retrieved
2597:
2573:. Retrieved
2569:
2564:Salmo trutta
2563:
2538:. Retrieved
2534:
2477:
2473:
2462:
2443:
2434:
2425:
2406:
2400:
2381:
2375:
2352:
2326:. Retrieved
2322:the original
2312:
2294:
2290:
2256:
2252:
2243:
2235:
2223:
2222:Salmo trutta
2219:
2214:
2206:
2201:
2193:
2188:
2177:. Retrieved
2167:
2144:. Retrieved
2130:
2124:
2119:Salmo trutta
2118:
2110:
2089:
2082:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2062:
2048:
2035:
2029:
2003:
1996:
1989:
1977:
1972:Izaak Walton
1967:
1965:
1958:
1952:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1916:
1908:
1881:
1859:
1805:
1795:
1777:
1773:
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1708:
1701:
1671:
1666:
1663:
1588:
1579:
1572:
1557:
1548:
1538:
1531:
1524:
1517:
1505:
1493:Please help
1488:verification
1485:
1461:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1438:
1427:
1423:
1380:
1351:
1347:S. t. trutta
1346:
1315:Black Forest
1285:
1249:Newfoundland
1246:
1236:
1229:Indian Ocean
1190:South Africa
1171:hatchery in
1169:Plenty River
1164:
1153:River Itchen
1149:
1120:Arctic Ocean
1109:
1082:
1078:
1071:Salmo trutta
1070:
1058:
1049:
1035:
1028:
1021:Salmo trutta
1020:
1018:
986:
984:in Ireland.
981:
973:
970:West Country
965:
957:
949:
918:
914:
908:
892:
888:
884:
875:
872:Salmo trutta
871:
866:
852:
848:native range
829:North Africa
814:
800:Salmo trutta
799:
798:
794:
792:
778:
770:
762:
758:(Berg, 1908)
754:
746:
738:
730:
722:
714:
706:
698:
690:
682:
675:Salmo rappii
674:
666:
658:
650:
642:
634:
626:
618:
610:
606:(Knox, 1855)
602:
594:
586:
578:
570:
562:
554:
546:
538:
530:
522:
514:
506:
498:
490:
486:(Shaw, 1804)
483:Salmo phinoc
482:
474:
466:
458:
450:
442:
434:
426:
418:
410:
402:
394:
386:
378:
370:
362:
354:
346:
338:
330:
323:Trutta fario
322:
314:
306:
298:
290:
283:Fario trutta
282:
274:
266:
257:
238:
234:
229:
225:
219:
216:Salmo trutta
215:
213:
190:Salmo trutta
189:
187:
171:
170:
158:
35:Brown trout
29:
4346:brown-trout
4266:NatureServe
4191:iNaturalist
4036:Wikispecies
3931:Haddy charr
3916:Cole's char
3906:Brook trout
3896:Arctic char
3786:Sevan trout
3776:River trout
3766:Ohrid trout
3726:Ferox trout
3716:Brown trout
3580:Salmo fario
3021:: 692–718.
2815:10037/19124
2349:"Back Cast"
2146:12 November
2075:Salmo fario
1929:200 AD) in
1852:New Zealand
1828:New Zealand
1796:S. t. fario
1764:brook trout
1760:tiger trout
1737:fly fishing
1712:forage fish
1615:fishing net
1584:adipose fin
1580:Salmo salar
1417:within the
1415:fertilizers
1391:overfishing
1327:Cold Spring
1323:Long Island
1307: [
1288:Fred Mather
1233:brook trout
1213: [
1136:Afghanistan
1079:Salmo fario
982:white trout
938:headstreams
883:ecotype or
867:river trout
795:brown trout
435:Salmo albus
395:Salmo albus
355:Salmo eriox
307:Salmo fario
18:Brown Trout
4389:Categories
3946:Lake trout
3911:Bull trout
3887:Salvelinus
3854:Gila trout
3746:Isli trout
3688:Salmonidae
3606:2014-11-19
3549:0198540906
3530:1852331178
3432:30 January
3377:2014-02-22
3350:2014-02-22
3323:2014-02-22
3196:0394469895
3154:2014-02-02
2328:2014-02-01
2205:E. Brown,
2179:2014-02-22
2103:References
2095:, and the
2018:Beaverkill
1970:(1653) by
1937:(1496) by
1870:allopatric
1856:Galaxiidae
1808:introduced
1679:Ohau Canal
1607:Galway Bay
1521:newspapers
1403:oxygenated
1383:endangered
1335:Seth Green
1317:region of
1075:anadromous
1009:identical.
997:stratified
905:anadromous
897:lake trout
893:lake trout
881:lacustrine
859:subspecies
833:introduced
148:Salmonidae
3941:Lake char
3883:True char
3874:Steelhead
3781:Sea trout
3504:. Wiley.
3174:. London.
3069:164814120
3043:0022-1112
2155:cite iucn
2097:Falklands
2093:Patagonia
1919:game fish
1848:Australia
1824:Australia
1741:wet flies
1721:streambed
1719:from the
1687:Wisconsin
1449:S. trutta
1441:S. trutta
1411:pollution
1273:Falklands
1261:Argentina
1198:Himalayas
1161:Melbourne
1116:White Sea
915:S. trutta
910:sea trout
889:lacustris
885:S. trutta
837:game fish
825:West Asia
239:lacustris
166:Species:
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
4271:2.103603
4209:10570928
4152:FishBase
4076:BioLib:
4027:Q2857311
4021:Wikidata
3791:Sonaghen
3741:Gillaroo
3455:FishBase
3302:(2): 163
3061:31197849
2982:30 March
2948:Archived
2929:23870995
2824:23002949
2732:22650427
2633:30 March
2604:30 March
2575:30 March
2540:30 March
2514:27331397
2474:PLOS ONE
2451:Archived
2228:Archived
2085:, (1897)
2080:—
2014:Catskill
1992:, (1653)
1987:—
1956:—
1884:triploid
1783:nymphs.
1749:baitfish
1697:Waxworms
1634:Värmland
1592:Scotland
1434:food web
1271:and the
1255:and the
1173:Tasmania
1140:Pakistan
1132:Aral Sea
1027:epithet
1025:specific
1015:Taxonomy
962:Scotland
863:riverine
855:ecotypes
805:salmonid
247:Synonyms
197:Linnaeus
144:Family:
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
4170:8215487
3220:224–225
3144:Fishes"
3115:The Fly
3052:6771713
3023:Bibcode
2882:Bibcode
2847:Bibcode
2779:2401409
2759:Bibcode
2712:Bibcode
2505:4917132
2482:Bibcode
1899:Angling
1892:diploid
1888:anglers
1877:Corsica
1873:genomes
1800:Faroese
1756:hybrids
1658:Wyoming
1611:Ireland
1596:Germany
1535:scholar
1459:event.
1443:morpha
1202:Kashmir
1165:Norfolk
1128:Iceland
1122:to the
1067:animals
968:in the
958:finnock
942:Ireland
929:in the
917:morpha
903:); and
887:morpha
874:morpha
237:morpha
228:morpha
218:morpha
208:Morphs
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
4372:127187
4359:688332
4333:127187
4304:NZOR:
4235:161997
4131:304750
4118:206777
3565:
3546:
3527:
3508:
3489:
3470:
3399:
3251:
3226:
3193:
3121:
3067:
3059:
3049:
3041:
2927:
2822:
2777:
2730:
2688:
2512:
2502:
2413:
2388:
2363:
2300:
2262:
1981:Gesner
1961:(1496)
1923:Aelian
1840:upland
1832:Bhutan
1781:baetid
1733:nymphs
1725:larvae
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1508:
1399:oxygen
1387:stocks
1325:, the
1296:angler
1221:French
1206:Madras
1112:Norway
1044:Behnke
1036:trutta
1029:trutta
1023:. The
1001:creeks
989:morphs
980:, and
931:gravel
923:oceans
919:trutta
821:Europe
220:trutta
4400:Salmo
4367:WoRMS
4255:NAS:
4248:19861
4222:65308
4204:IRMNG
4196:47518
4105:79CZL
4092:47318
4079:15808
3988:Trout
3702:Salmo
3684:Trout
3626:Trout
3600:(PDF)
3585:(PDF)
3273:(PDF)
3065:S2CID
3017:(3).
2925:S2CID
2820:S2CID
2775:JSTOR
2234:. In
1943:O.S.B
1927:circa
1844:Chile
1814:into
1798:in a
1745:lures
1729:pupae
1660:creek
1542:JSTOR
1528:books
1445:fario
1311:]
1265:Chile
1253:Yukon
1217:]
1194:Kenya
1182:Natal
1105:Wales
1089:Range
1040:trout
1033:Latin
954:Wales
950:sewin
927:spawn
876:fario
816:Salmo
812:genus
230:fario
159:Salmo
4341:ODNR
4328:OBIS
4320:2180
4297:8032
4292:NCBI
4243:IUCN
4230:ITIS
4178:GISD
4165:GBIF
4087:BOLD
3563:ISBN
3544:ISBN
3525:ISBN
3506:ISBN
3487:ISBN
3468:ISBN
3434:2006
3397:ISBN
3283:(4).
3249:ISBN
3224:ISBN
3191:ISBN
3119:ISBN
3057:PMID
3039:ISSN
2984:2023
2728:PMID
2686:ISBN
2635:2023
2606:2023
2577:2023
2542:2023
2510:PMID
2411:ISBN
2386:ISBN
2361:ISBN
2357:7–23
2298:ISBN
2260:ISBN
2159:help
2148:2021
2131:2011
2020:and
1810:for
1770:Diet
1594:and
1514:news
1294:and
1269:Peru
1219:, a
1204:and
1184:and
1138:and
1114:and
1065:for
1003:and
974:mort
966:peal
944:and
934:beds
879:; a
793:The
201:1758
4279:NBN
4258:931
4217:ISC
4157:238
4113:EoL
4100:CoL
4064:AFD
4051:ADW
3300:XXX
3093:doi
3047:PMC
3031:doi
2917:doi
2913:663
2890:doi
2855:doi
2810:hdl
2802:doi
2798:497
2767:doi
2720:doi
2662:doi
2500:PMC
2490:doi
2135:doi
2057:in
1681:in
1497:by
1349:).
1188:of
1159:to
1042:".
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960:in
952:in
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