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In 1706 work commenced on another wall about a half mile north of the Cubo Line, called the
Hornabeque Line (or Hornwork Line) for its "Horns", or demi-bastions, that protruded like the horns of a bull at both ends. An additional defensive wall, the Rosario Line, was built in 1718 running south from
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On June 4, 1704, Governor Jose de Zuniga and the royal officials (the accountant and the treasurer) of
Florida met to discuss most disquieting rumors: the English at Charleston were coming again to besiege and subdue St. Augustine. These officials agreed to fortify the area between Castillo de San
247:) pillars were built to support the wooden gate doors. In 1820, the newly appointed royal engineer, RamĂłn de la Cruz, proposed improvements to the Cubo line that were implemented by June 1821, when Spain officially ceded Florida to the United States, fulfilling the terms of the
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in 1763. All the defensive lines measured half a mile or more in length, each of them associated with a fort: the Cubo and
Rosario Lines with the Castillo de San Marcos; the Hornabeque Line with Fort Nombre de Dios; and the Mose Line with Fort Mose.
205:, demarcated the northern limits of St. Augustine from the northwest bastion westward to the San Sebastian River. An approximately 40-foot wide moat ran parallel to the line, with a small drawbridge spanning it at the town's main gate.
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In its first reconstruction (1718–1719), the Cubo Line became an earthwork with three artillery redoubts, the Santo
Domingo, the Medio Cubio, and the Cubo. In 1808, the Cubo line was again reconstructed and two masonry
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signed in 1819. In his submitted description of its condition at the time, de la Cruz refers to the Cubo redoubt and the Middle and
Tolomato redoubts (previously known as the Medio and Santo Domingo redoubts).
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ordered the building of a defensive system around the exposed sides of the town to prevent another invasion by land. By 1705, the Cubo Line consisted of an earth defensive wall covered with sharp-leaved
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surrounding a nine-foot-high palm log stockade that stretched about half a mile from the
Castillo to the San Sebastian River. This defensive line, with six small
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Most of the organic material-built line was destroyed since a
British siege in 1740; rebuild gates and minimum sections in 1763 with coquina
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188:, the Spanish determined to improve the defenses of St. Augustine outside the confines of their massive masonry fortress, the
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177:
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330:
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Arquitectura y urbanismo del septentriĂłn novohispano: Fundaciones en la
Florida y el Seno mexicano, siglos XVI al XVIII
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445:
Carl D. Halbirt (2004). "La Ciudad de San AgustĂn: A European
Fighting Presidio in Eighteenth-Century "La Florida"".
586:
248:
230:. The Mose Line, St. Augustine's outermost defense earthwork, running three quarters of a mile southwest from
192:. Because the English had entered the city by way of the peninsula on which the town sat, in 1704 Governor
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Castillo de San Marcos and Fort
Matanzas National Monuments, Florida: Historical Research Management Plan
453:(3, Presidios of the North American Spanish Borderlands). Society for Historical Archaeology: 39–40.
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The Other War of 1812: The Patriot War and the American Invasion of Spanish East Florida
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308:. Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico, Facultad de Arquitectura. p. 103.
478:. El Escribano. Vol. 36. St. Augustine Historical Society. pp. 96, 209.
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Marcos and the San Sebastian River, in order to bar the land entry to the city.
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Colonial Wars of North America, 1512-1763 (Routledge Revivals): An Encyclopedia
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335:. El Escribano. Vol. 36. St. Augustine Historical Society. p. 189.
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541:"The Archaeology of the Cubo Line: St. Augustine's First Line of Defense"
491:"The Archaeology of the Cubo Line: St. Augustine's First Line of Defense"
424:"The Archaeology of the Cubo Line: St. Augustine's First Line of Defense"
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Luis Arana; David Dutcher; George Strock; F. Ross Holland, Jr. (1967).
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was part of the defense system built by the Spanish to protect the
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Defenses and Defenders at St. Augustine: A Collection of Writings
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Defenses and Defenders at St. Augustine: A Collection of writings
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the Santo Domingo Redoubt for almost a mile then turning east to
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This Torrent of Indians: War on the Southern Frontier, 1715-1728
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and its burning to the ground by troops under the command of
168:(La Florida) during the early years of the 18th century.
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Defense system that protected St. Augustine, Florida
401:. University of South Carolina Press. p. 166.
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631:Buildings and structures in St. Augustine, Florida
356:. Carnegie Institution of Washington. p. 86.
563:"Now and Then - St Augustine Historical Society"
353:The Defenses of Spanish Florida, 1565 to 1763
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518:. University of Georgia Press. p. 146.
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222:. These inner defensive walls prevented
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281:. Taylor & Francis. p. 970.
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395:Larry E. Ivers (23 February 2016).
626:Spanish forts in the United States
164:(San AgustĂn) in the territory of
145:Patriot War of East Florida (1812)
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512:James G. Cusick (1 April 2007).
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539:Carl D. Halbirt (June 1993).
489:Carl D. Halbirt (June 1993).
422:Carl D. Halbirt (June 1993).
350:Verne Elmo Chatelain (1941).
141:Siege of St. Augustine (1740)
275:Alan Gallay (11 June 2015).
178:1702 siege of St. Augustine
55:City gates in the Cubo Line
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545:The Florida Anthropologist
495:The Florida Anthropologist
428:The Florida Anthropologist
255:It serves as the start of
302:Luis Arnal SimĂłn (2006).
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384:– via archive.org.
212:Side view of city gates
43:St. Augustine, Florida
472:Luis R. Arana (1999).
447:Historical Archaeology
329:Luis R. Arana (1999).
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190:Castillo de San Marcos
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224:Gen. James Oglethorpe
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602:29.8978°N 81.3136°W
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72:6 feet (1.8 m)
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607:29.8978; -81.3136
525:978-0-8203-2921-5
408:978-1-61117-607-0
315:978-968-36-7436-4
288:978-1-317-48718-0
257:St. George Street
249:Adams–OnĂs Treaty
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137:Battles/wars
100:Site history
82:Open to
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605: /
567:staughs.com
182:James Moore
113:In use
620:Categories
593:81°18′49″W
590:29°53′52″N
380:22 January
373:. p.
263:References
176:After the
33:Linea Cubo
551:(2): 107.
501:(2): 108.
434:(2): 128.
232:Fort Mose
154:Cubo Line
121:Materials
116:1704–1821
108:1702–1716
92:Condition
24:Cubo Line
459:25617179
203:redoubts
186:Carolina
158:presidio
126:palmetto
573:14 July
245:coquina
172:History
130:coquina
124:Earth,
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128:logs,
69:Height
455:JSTOR
199:yucca
105:Built
575:2024
520:ISBN
403:ISBN
382:2019
310:ISBN
283:ISBN
152:The
132:rock
61:Type
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87:Yes
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