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charge implying that those who seek to incorporate a new view, belief, or practice into a religious system pervert the original faith. Non-exclusivist systems of belief, on the other hand, may feel quite free to incorporate other traditions into their own. Keith
Ferdinando notes that the term "syncretism" is an elusive one, and can refer to substitution or modification of the central elements of a religion by beliefs or practices introduced from elsewhere. The consequence under such a definition, according to Ferdinando, can lead to a fatal "compromise" of the original religion's "integrity".
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Christianity is to be more than purely nominal, it will necessarily entail the substantial modification of the traditional worldview at such points. Where this does not occur it is the
Christian faith which is modified and thus relativised by the worldview, and the consequence is syncretism. The term 'syncretism' is employed here of the substitution or modification of central elements of Christianity by beliefs of practices introduced from elsewhere. The consequence of such a process is fatally to compromise its integrity.
695:, however, have argued that syncretism has also helped to create cultural compromise. It provides an opportunity to bring beliefs, values, and customs from one cultural tradition into contact with, and to engage different cultural traditions. Such a migration of ideas is generally successful only when there is a resonance between both traditions. While, as Bentley has argued, there are numerous cases where expansive traditions have won popular support in foreign lands, this is not always so.
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277:, in the realm of religion, it specifically denotes a more integrated merging of beliefs into a unified system, distinct from eclecticism, which implies a selective adoption of elements from different traditions without necessarily blending them into a new, cohesive belief system. Syncretism also manifests in
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society, religious innovators sometimes construct new faiths or key tenets syncretically, with the added benefit or aim of reducing inter-religious discord. Such chapters often have a side-effect of arousing jealousy and suspicion among authorities and ardent adherents of the pre-existing religion.
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approach. Such adherents sometimes see syncretism as a betrayal of their pure truth. By this reasoning, adding an incompatible belief corrupts the original religion, rendering it no longer true. Indeed, critics of a syncretistic trend may use the word or its variants as a disparaging epithet, as a
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into a new system, or the incorporation into a religious tradition of beliefs from unrelated traditions. This can occur for many reasons, and the latter scenario happens quite commonly in areas where multiple religious traditions exist in proximity and function actively in a culture, or when a
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The
Christian faith is inevitably assimilated in terms of the existing structures of thought of its adherents, whatever their culture. Nevertheless, there are points at which the worldview of any people will be found to be incompatible with central elements of the gospel; if conversion to
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Religions may have syncretic elements to their beliefs or history, but adherents of so-labeled systems often frown on applying the label, especially adherents who belong to "revealed" religious systems, such as the
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According to some authors, "Syncretism is often used to describe the product of the large-scale imposition of one alien culture, religion, or body of practices over another that is already present." Others such as
722:("Divine Faith"). Sources disagree with respect to whether it was one of many Sufi orders or merged some of the elements of the various religions of his empire. Din-i Ilahi drew elements primarily from
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Din-i-Ilahi ... was not a new religion; it was a Sufi order ... in which all the principles enunciated are to be found in the Quran and in the practices in the contemporary Sufi orders.
496:. Similar identifications were made by missionaries at other locations in the Americas and Africa who encountered a local belief in a Supreme God or Supreme Spirit of some kind.
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than a religion, it had no sacred scriptures, no priestly hierarchy, and fewer than 20 disciples, all hand-picked by Akbar himself. It is also accepted that the policy of
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All major religious conversions of populations have had elements from prior religious traditions incorporated into legends or doctrine that endure with the newly converted
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culture is conquered, and the conquerors bring their religious beliefs with them, but do not succeed in entirely eradicating the old beliefs or (especially) practices.
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Overt syncretism in folk belief may show cultural acceptance of an alien or previous tradition, but the "other" cult may survive or infiltrate without authorized
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and in many cases more innovative or pre-Abrahimic based religions could promote and spread their belief system, whether in the family or beyond.
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Such religions tend to inherently appeal to an inclusive, diverse audience. Sometimes the state itself sponsored such new movements, such as the
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kings who ruled Upper Egypt for approximately a century and the whole of Egypt for approximately 57 years, from 721 to 664 BCE, constituting the
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of 1810, much of which was almost evangelistically appreciative by embracing spirituality and creating the space and tolerance in particular
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as a means of increasing the cohesion of their kingdom. This practice was accepted in most locations but vehemently rejected by the
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undermined
Christianity's claim to uniqueness. The modern, rational, non-pejorative connotations of syncretism arguably date from
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period, with rulers regularly identifying local deities in various parts of their domains with the relevant god or goddess of the
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prompted at this time much literature in Europe and the
Americas studying non-European religions such as Edward Moor's
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continued the practice, first by the identification of traditional Roman deities with Greek ones, producing a single
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during its spread into Gaul, Ireland, Britain, Germany and
Scandinavia. In later times, Christian missionaries in
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Syncretism tends to facilitate coexistence and unity between otherwise different cultures and world views (
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Interpreting Early
Hellenistic Religion: A Study Based on the Mystery Cult of Demeter and the Cult of Isis
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The Image of the
Ordered World in Ancient Nubian Art: The Construction of the Kushite Mind, 800 BC–300 AD
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Ferdinando, Keith (1995). "Sickness and
Syncretism in the African Context". In Billington, Antony;
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Old World
Encounters: Cross-Cultural Contacts and Exchanges in Pre-Modern Times
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God in Translation: Deities in Cross-Cultural Discourse in the Biblical World
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Some religious movements have embraced overt syncretism, such as the case of
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The English word is first attested in the early 17th century It is from
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1176:"Why putting less Mughal history in school textbooks may be a good idea"
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This article is about the religious term. For the linguistic term, see
1209:. Tall Buildings and Urban Environment. University of Missouri Press.
961:. Probleme der Ägyptologie. Vol. 18. Leiden: Brill. p. 158.
635:
530:
417:
1310:"Syncretic Debris: From Shared Bosnian Saints to the ICTY Courtroom"
533:. Conversely, the rejection of syncretism, usually in the name of "
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Tradition, Performance and Identity Politics in European Festivals
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The use of elephant-shaped column brackets in buildings of the
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Religious syncretism is the blending of two or more religious
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Waiting for Elijah: Time and Encounter in a Bosnian Landscape
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Moses the Egyptian: The Memory of Egypt in Western Monotheism
529:), a factor that has recommended it to rulers of multiethnic
237:) is the practice of combining different beliefs and various
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The New Age and Syncretism, in the World and in the Church
412:, developed a syncretic worship identifying their own god
261:, thus asserting an underlying unity and allowing for an
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1062:
Mission and Meaning: Essays Presented to Peter Cotterell
1031:
Mission and Meaning: Essays Presented to Peter Cotterell
1028:. In Antony Billington; Tony Lane; Max Turner (eds.).
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935:Kendall, Timothy; Ahmed Mohamed, El-Hassan (2016).
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Akbar the Great holding a court discussing theology
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71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1190:"Finding Tolerance in Akbar, the Philosopher-King"
1346:. Foundation of the Finnish Institute at Athens.
1115:(New York: Oxford University Press, 1993), viii.
1023:"Sickness and Syncretism in the African Context"
937:"A Visitor's Guide to The Jebel Barkal Temples"
499:Indian influences are seen in the practice of
265:approach to other faiths. While syncretism in
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1327:. Long Prairie, Minn.: Neumann Press. 38 p.
1206:The Reception of Myth in English Romanticism
985:African Religions: A Very Short Introduction
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472:or the amalgamation of Germanic and Celtic
362:on Mughal Architecture during the reign of
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1151:The Din-i-Ilahi, or, The Religion of Akbar
788:Syncrétistes, Hénotiques, ou Conciliateurs
676:, chiefly to stem all outside influences.
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
580:Iranian religions § Medieval period
545:in a well-defined minority or majority.
1153:. University of Calcutta. p. 306.
888:
446:, who considered the identification of
1305:. New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books.
1098:Peter J. Claus and Margaret A. Mills,
1251:. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). 1911.
1100:South Asian Folklore: An Encyclopedia
241:. Syncretism involves the merging or
27:Combination of beliefs and traditions
7:
470:melding Shintō beliefs into Buddhism
69:adding citations to reliable sources
1102:: (Garland Publishing, Inc., 2003).
718:proposed a new religion called the
1068:. Paternoster Press. p. 272.
25:
647:, or any system that exhibits an
434:Syncretism was common during the
390:, thus incorporating elements of
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1149:Roychoudhury, Makhanlal (1941).
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368:representation of living figures
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1308:HadžiMuhamedović, Safet (2018)
1299:HadžiMuhamedović, Safet (2018)
1126:"Dīn-i Ilāhī | Indian religion"
245:of several originally discrete
56:needs additional citations for
334:. He cites the example of the
34:. For the political term, see
1:
944:The NCAM Jebel Barkal Mission
576:Christian influences in Islam
1285:. Fordham University Press.
1263:. Harvard University Press.
867:Multiple religious belonging
802:disestablishment of religion
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454:as the worst of blasphemy.
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1283:Religion: Beyond a Concept
982:Olupona, Jacob K. (2014).
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386:for martyr-victims of the
346:Social and political roles
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918:Oxford English Dictionary
902:Dictionary.com Unabridged
754:means "universal peace".
711:In the 16th century, the
670:German Evangelical Church
1342:Pakkanen, Petra (1996).
527:intercultural competence
273:is sometimes likened to
32:Syncretism (linguistics)
1248:Encyclopædia Britannica
1130:Encyclopedia Britannica
1021:Ferdinando, K. (1995).
990:Oxford University Press
921:first attests the word
586:New religious movements
1203:Harding, A.J. (1995).
957:Török, László (2002).
872:New religious movement
852:Cultural appropriation
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680:Cultures and societies
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1323:Cotter, John (1990).
1034:. Paternoster Press.
857:Cultural assimilation
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566:Further information:
512:Second Temple Judaism
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1398:at Wikimedia Commons
1312:. In: A. Wand (ed.)
742:. More resembling a
568:Hellenistic religion
562:Religious syncretism
556:Religious syncretism
463:Greco-Roman pantheon
403:Twenty-fifth Dynasty
394:while resisting it.
382:developed a sort of
378:. For example, some
249:, especially in the
65:improve this article
925:in English in 1618.
877:Religious pluralism
645:Abrahamic religions
572:Hellenistic Judaism
494:God of Christianity
427:, was unearthed at
388:Spanish Inquisition
18:Cultural syncretism
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1242:"Syncretism"
797:The Hindu Pantheon
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416:with the Egyptian
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283:syncretic politics
239:schools of thought
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36:Syncretic politics
1394:Media related to
1375:978-0-8028-6433-8
1353:978-951-95295-4-7
1270:978-0-674-58738-0
1216:978-0-8262-1007-4
999:978-0-19-979058-6
792:critical thinking
490:Algonquian groups
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784:Eclecticisme
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747:
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710:
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467:
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309:συγκρητισμός
299:syncretismus
295:Modern Latin
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289:Nomenclature
243:assimilation
175:
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127:
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101:
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87:
80:"Syncretism"
75:
63:Please help
58:verification
55:
1057:Turner, Max
842:Confederacy
810:agnosticism
720:Din-i Ilahi
699:Din-i Ilahi
664:founded in
649:exclusivist
501:Shi'i Islam
492:, with the
484:identified
474:pagan views
436:Hellenistic
392:Catholicism
356:Lahore Fort
281:, known as
275:eclecticism
1412:Syncretism
1396:Syncretism
1222:2023-02-11
1135:2021-02-25
1081:2018-06-30
988:. Oxford:
923:syncretism
847:Conflation
752:Sulh-i-kul
748:sulh-i-kul
655:In modern
630:syncretism
606:syncretism
596:Hermanubis
584:See also:
520:Protestant
409:Aegyptiaca
407:Manetho's
340:Syncretism
247:traditions
176:Syncretism
171:syncretism
149:Persephone
91:newspapers
1364:(2010) .
1008:839396781
782:articles
539:orthodoxy
425:Atlanersa
380:conversos
376:syncresis
358:reflects
315:romanized
263:inclusive
255:mythology
147:The gods
121:July 2015
1406:Category
1259:(1997).
1059:(eds.).
820:See also
814:atheists
728:Hinduism
668:and the
614:The god
604:Egyptian
594:The god
505:Trinidad
326:Plutarch
279:politics
259:religion
251:theology
169:Egyptian
1159:3312929
736:Jainism
657:secular
620:Jupiter
616:Taranis
537:" and "
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399:Kushite
336:Cretans
331:Moralia
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271:culture
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883:Notes
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716:Akbar
600:Greco
550:laity
535:piety
516:Islam
509:Exile
476:into
414:Dedun
364:Akbar
165:Greco
157:Hades
112:JSTOR
98:books
1370:ISBN
1348:ISBN
1333:ISBN
1287:ISBN
1265:ISBN
1211:ISBN
1155:OCLC
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1004:OCLC
994:ISBN
963:ISBN
915:The
786:and
726:and
457:The
452:Zeus
444:Jews
397:The
384:cult
269:and
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155:and
153:Isis
84:news
1329:N.B
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766:of
672:in
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267:art
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