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1008:
512:
1889:), hundreds of languages and thousands of dialects. Many modern pieces of South Asian literature are written in English for a global audience. Many of the ancient texts of the subcontinent have been lost due to the inability to preserve verbally transmitted literature. South Asia has many significant authors that shaped the postcolonial period and response to the British establishment in the subcontinent. Modern South Asian literature has a deep focus on independence from Britain, mainly expressed in prose, this literature commonly discusses the
140:(c. 1500 – c. 600 B.C.). The great significance of the Vedic texts (that don't mention cities or urban life) for South Asian culture, their impact on family, societal organisation, religion, morale, literature etc. has never been contested. The Indus Valley Civilisation on the other hand has only come to light by means of 20th century archaeology. Scholars, who employ several periodization models argue over whether South Asian tradition is consciously committed to the Harappan culture.
241:
89:
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174:), beginning in the sixth century B.C. The late Vedic political progress results in urbanization, strict social hierarchy, commercial and military rivalries among the settlers, that have spread all over the entire sub-continent. The large body of Vedic texts and literature, supported by the archaeological sequence allows researchers to reconstruct a rather accurate and detailed image of the Vedic culture and political organisation. The
17:
1235:, with each region one possessing its own distinct musical traditions. South Asian styles of music reflect a diverse range of local customs, regional languages and historical traditions, that have shaped the musical practices which are still seen today. Throughout history, South Asian musicians have emulated religious and spiritual beliefs into their compositions, resulting in the creation of musical styles such as
790:
97:
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819:. Ginger is an ingredient that can be used in both savory and sweet recipes in cuisines from the subcontinent. Chopped ginger is fried with meat and pickled ginger is often an accompaniment to boiled rice. Ginger juice and ginger boiled in syrup are used to make desserts. Turmeric and cumin are often used to make curries.
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and its diaspora. It has an extensive history with some of the earliest known pieces of literature. South Asia has many different languages that have been spoken due to its size and how long people have been inhabiting it. This has caused the region to be the most linguistically diverse region in the
178:
constitute the oldest work of
Sanskrit literature and form the basis of religious, ethic and philosophic ideas in South Asia. They are widely, but not exclusively regarded the basics and scriptural authority on worship, rituals, ceremonies, sacrifices, meditation, philosophy and spiritual knowledge
127:
cultural tradition emerged, that after only a few centuries fully flourished in urban centers. Due to the high quality of its arts, crafts, metallurgy and buildings, the accomplishments in urban planning, governance, trade and technology etc. it has been classified as one of the principal
538:
A clickable map of the official language or lingua franca spoken in each state/province of South Asia excluding the
Maldives. Indo-Aryan languages are in green, Iranic languages in dark green, Dravidian languages in purple, Tibeto-Burman languages in red, and Turkic languages in
2304:
Liviu Giosan, Peter D. Clift, Mark G. Macklin, Dorian Q. Fuller, Stefan
Constantinescu, Julie A. Durcan, Thomas Stevens, Geoff A. T. Duller, Ali R. Tabrez, Kavita Gangal, Ronojoy Adhikari, Anwar Alizai, Florin Filip, Sam VanLaningham, James P. M. Syvitski (June 26, 2012).
1090:. A variety of terms are used for the English phrases "Indian martial arts", deriving from ancient sources. While they may seem to imply specific disciplines (e.g. archery, armed combat), by Classical times they were used generically for all fighting systems.
1772:(the same material as the brick) are a special feature. The brick is extremely durable and disused ancient buildings were often used as a convenient source of materials by local people, often being stripped to their foundations over the centuries.
1255:. As a result of social media and modern streaming networks, folk and ritual music styles are still widely appreciated today, with many modern artists taking inspiration from the classical traditions that defined the history of South Asian music.
1954:. The philosophies are often called darśana meaning, "to see" or "looking at." Ānvīkṣikī means “critical inquiry” or “investigation." Unlike darśana, ānvīkṣikī was used to refer to Indian philosophies by classical Indian philosophers, such as
209:. After a long and complex history of cosmological and religious development, adoption and decline, the Hindu-synthesis and the late but thorough introduction of Islam about 80% of modern-day Indians and Nepalis identify as Hindus. In
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or gatehouse entrances to the compound as their dominating feature; large temples have several dwarfing the vimana, although these are a much more recent development. There are numerous other distinct features, such as the
1047:) have further diminished the traditional South Asian sports. Additional reasons include religious extremism in some areas, which has restricted people from playing certain games, and lack of governmental support.
1174:
or "combat knowledge", refers to the skills used on the battlefield, encompassing not only actual fighting but also battle formations and strategy. Martial arts are usually learnt and practiced in the traditional
1247:. The development of forms of mass media in the 1980s and 1990s contributed to a new type of South Asian musical culture, as the rise of cinema and television resulted in the popularity of genres such as
3564:
5090:
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987:. Kho-kho, for example, dates back to at least the fourth century BC. Many South Asian games likely reflect characteristics of traditional life in the subcontinent; for example, the Bengali
1760:
Bengal is not rich in good stone for building, and traditional
Bengali architecture mostly uses brick and wood, often reflecting the styles of the wood, bamboo and thatch styles of local
515:
3215:
1836:, and human art forms found in temples and monuments. These scriptures view the figures of human wearing clothes which can be wrapped around the body. Taking the instances of the
1399:. Early Indian architecture was made from wood, which did not survive due to rotting and instability in the structures. Instead, the earliest existing architecture are made with
119:
has been found throughout the modern states
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka that represent South Asia (also known as the
3591:
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1043:(which attracted people towards more globally popular games), and technology (which gave people digital forms of entertainment such as the Internet, television, and
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is also found in cuisines of the subcontinent. The main ingredients in desserts of the subcontinent are reduced milk, ground almonds, lentil flour, ghee and sugar.
815:
Foods in this area of the world are flavoured with various types of chilli, black pepper, cloves, and other strong herbs and spices along with the flavoured butter
329:
is culturally linked to both India and Tibet and the varied ethnic groups of the country share many of the festivals and cultural traditions used and celebrated in
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1809:
1783:
1061:, which are beginning to revive interest in these sports and even globalise them; these leagues are now some of the most-watched competitions in the subcontinent.
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and how different South Asian nations, religions, and cultures interact with each other. Countries to which South Asian literature's writers are linked include
64:
623:. Since the colonial era, the South Asian languages have absorbed significant influences from the English language, with the most-spoken South Asian language
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3617:
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style is a notable architectural export of Bengal. The corner towers of
Bengali religious buildings were replicated in medieval Southeast Asia.
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1730:, with influences from different parts of the world. Bengali architecture includes ancient urban architecture, religious architecture, rural
1707:
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Folk Games Dying in
Pashtun Belt: A Combination of Religious Extremism Confining Girls to Their Homes and Urbanisation Providing New Options
519:
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was popular for several decades, with some of South Asia's greatest sporting accomplishments having taken place in this sport. Some
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Disappearance of
Traditional games by the imitation of Colonial Culture through the Historical parameters of Cultural Colonialism
2040:
as an essential source of its foundations, while the nāstika group does not. However, there are other methods of classification;
1508:
535:
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804:, is a common part of meals to be had in many parts of the subcontinent. Other staples from many of the cuisines include rice,
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further bolstered the urban architecture of India as the country became more integrated with the world's economy. Traditional
151:) are regarded as to have caused the fatal disruption of the Harappa culture, that was superseded by the rural Vedic culture.
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The main schools of Indian philosophy were formalised and recognised chiefly between 500 BCE and the late centuries of the
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around the middle of the 3rd millennium BC, for the first time in the area which encompasses today's
Pakistan an advanced
57:
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began to be followed to a greater extent, to the detriment of the traditional games. The modern advent of urbanisation,
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became prevalent across India. The amalgamation of Indo-Islamic and
European styles led to a new style, known as the
5057:
4804:
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1549:
In contrast with North Indian temple styles, Dravidian architecture uses shorter and more pyramidal towers, called
1244:
703:. A strong sense of design is characteristic of Indian art and can be observed in its modern and traditional forms.
598:
have official/national status in more than one country of this region. The languages in the region mostly comprise
1824:
era. The remnants of the ancient Indian clothing can be found in the figurines discovered from the sites near the
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41:
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and the establishment of the characteristic social groups (Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras) in the
123:). Since 3,300 B.C. in modern-day northeastern Afghanistan, in Pakistan and northwestern India a sophisticated
2785:
Sri Lanka and South-East Asia: Political, Religious and Cultural Relations ... - W. M. Sirisena - Google Books
1966:
1820:. India was one of the first places where cotton was cultivated and used even as early as 2500 BCE during the
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by all Muslims and is not taboo but avoided by many Hindus, though it is commonly eaten in some regions like
522:
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comprises a range of prominent musical genres and styles that are unique to the countries in and around the
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361:, the dominant language of Bhutan. There is a cultural and linguistic divide between North and South India.
269:
are situated at the western periphery of South Asia, where the cultural character has been made by both the
45:
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793:
An assortment of spices and herbs. Spices are an indispensable food ingredient in much of the subcontinent.
531:
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for the future Hindu and Buddhist cosmology. Commentaries and discussions also focus on the development of
20:
A depiction of South Asia (mostly orange) and its influence on neighbouring parts of Asia (lighter-orange).
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developed with large structural facilities, some of which survive to this day. This was followed by the
914:
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The Rock-cut Temples of India: Illustrated by Seventy-four Photographs Taken on the Spot by Major Gill
3050:
2009:
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However, some professional leagues are now being started for certain traditional sports, such as the
1032:
918:
854:
759:. The broader terms Asian cinema, Eastern cinema and Oriental cinema in common usage often encompass
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for instance identifies sixteen schools of Indian philosophy by including those that belong to the
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1375:. Among several architectural styles and traditions, the best-known include the many varieties of
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Manuel, Peter (1992). "Popular Music and Media Culture in South Asia: Prefatory Considerations".
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King, governance, and law in ancient India: Kauṭilya's Arthaśāstra: a new annotated translation
3719:
3712:
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Fatalism and Development: Nepal's Struggle for Modernization - Dor Bahadur Bista - Google Books
1142:
text describes dhanuveda as one of the traditional eighteen branches of "applied knowledge" or
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or sanctuary, where the north has taller towers, usually curving inwards as they rise, called
1466:
1434:, with other regional styles. Housing styles also vary between regions, depending on climate.
946:
838:
459:
3458:
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2897:
2870:
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2429:
1969:
schools of philosophy, depending on one of three alternate criteria: whether it believes the
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1989:
1978:
1368:
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389:, for example, show South Indian influences. Cultural festivals, aspects of its cuisine and
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322:
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206:
167:
4214:
Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark (1991), "The Indus Valley tradition of Pakistan and Western India",
3483:
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Parshad, Rana D.; Bhowmick, Suman; Chand, Vineeta; Kumari, Nitu; Sinha, Neha (2016-05-01).
2510:"The Development of the Vedic Canon and its Schools : The Social and Political Milieu"
170:, the tribal entities variously consolidated into oligarchic chiefdoms or kingdoms (the 16
4754:
4518:
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4404:
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2756:
http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/contributions/pdf/CNAS_26_02_01.pdf
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1982:
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A Historical Study of the Origin and Features of Some Selected Folk Games in North Bengal
1680:
among others have made substantial contribution to the evolution of Dravida architecture.
579:
3618:"Pro kabaddi, kho-kho leagues chase IPL viewership. India rediscovering regional sports"
3282:"Pro kabaddi, kho-kho leagues chase IPL viewership. India rediscovering regional sports"
1499:
ideas spread among Indian architects as a way of progressing from the colonial culture.
999:) may reflect the concepts of land division and ownership of property in ancient times.
4891:
4881:
4651:
2333:
2306:
2089:
Ancient and medieval era texts of Indian philosophies include extensive discussions on
1882:
1795:
1790:
1593:
1024:
768:
664:
628:
591:
394:
374:
366:
294:
4257:
A History of Ancient and Early Mediaeval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century
2561:
A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Major Religious Groups as of 2010
2509:
5115:
4719:
4293:
4251:
3799:
3658:
3380:
Kho Kho, a kabaddi-like sport linked with Indian epic Mahabharata – know all about it
1985:. (though there are exceptions to the latter two: Mimamsa and Samkhya respectively).
1886:
1878:
1833:
1739:
1645:
1637:
1581:
1513:
1461:
being the high point of their contribution. Indo-Islamic architecture influenced the
1450:
1319:
1139:
1094:
1040:
984:
866:
842:
479:
298:
270:
144:
68:
4235:
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Bengal Traditional Games and Sports Culture Around in Twentieth-Century North Bengal
3082:
2084:
16:
4871:
4406:
The Sarva-darśana-samgraha: Or, Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy
4345:
The Sarva-darśana-samgraha: Or, Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy
3499:
Games and Sports in West Bengal under Global Urbanization: An Ethnographic Approach
2114:
1959:
1747:
1723:
1665:
1507:- influenced a generation of architects towards modernism in the 20th century. The
1500:
1408:
1083:
1036:
930:
668:
274:
171:
137:
53:
2872:
Going Global: Transnational Perspectives on Globalization, Language, and Education
2049:
1170:(lit. weapon art) usually refers specifically to armed disciplines. Another term,
136:
or Harappan Civilisation it thrived for almost 2.000 years until the onset of the
4417:
The Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha or Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy
4415:
4297:
4184:
4157:
4130:
2992:
2899:
The Alchemy of English: The Spread, Functions, and Models of Non-native Englishes
2783:
2724:
1750:, suitable for the very heavy rains, were adopted into a distinct local style of
4513:
4501:
4481:
3549:
3066:
2636:"10 Countries With the Largest Muslim Populations, 2010 and 2050date=2015-04-02"
2094:
1997:
1848:, the traditional Indian wears were mostly tied around the body in various ways.
1711:
1613:
1589:
1575:
1554:
1543:
1472:
1431:
1423:
1412:
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789:
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330:
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3848:
Meister, M.W. (1997). Gandhara-Nagara Temples of the Salt Range and the Indus.
2975:
Evolutionary development of ‘hinglish’language within the indian sub-continent.
1973:
as a valid source of knowledge; whether the school believes in the premises of
865:
where Christianity is wide-spread. A variety of very sweet desserts which use
4896:
4704:
4594:
4557:
4486:
4465:
2056:
2041:
1902:
1769:
1703:
1605:
1570:– twin guardians at the main entrance and the inner sanctum of the temple and
1504:
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3097:"Explained snippets: Cricket has 1 billion fans, 90% of them in subcontinent"
3074:
3035:
2231:"From the Achaemenids to the Mughals: A look at India's lost Persian history"
4552:
3265:
History of hockey in India: Taught by the British, India conquered the world
2465:
A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the ...
2323:
1906:
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3241:"50 years of Victory: What has Bangladesh achieved in the field of sports?"
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2029:
1561:. Larger modern Dravidian style temples, however, include one or more high
56:(particularly Central Asia and the Middle East) and then Europe (primarily
4409:. Translated by Cowell, E. B.; Gough, A. E. London: Trübner & Company.
4348:. Translated by Cowell, E. B.; Gough, A. E. London: Trübner & Company.
4132:
Epistemology in Classical India: The Knowledge Sources of the Nyaya School
2993:"Eloquent Parrots; Mixed Language and the Examples of Hinglish and Rekhti"
1457:
evolved, is regarded as the zenith of Indo-Islamic architecture, with the
1128:
1120:
1108:
1100:
837:
than in other South Asian cuisines because cattle have a special place in
4814:
4540:
4530:
4353:
Perrett, Roy W. (1984). "The Problem of Induction in Indian Philosophy".
4324:
Unifying Hinduism: Philosophy and Identity in Indian Intellectual History
3852:, the Journal of Indian Art History Congress. Vol 4 (1997-98), pp. 45-52.
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Indian Philosophy : A Collection of Readings, Volume 3: Metaphysics
4183:
Bilimoria, Purusottama; Prabhu, Joseph; Sharma, Renuka M., eds. (2007).
426:
namely Telugu, Tamil, Kannada and Malayalam languages are spoken across
4939:
4934:
4376:
4227:
3791:
3592:"Format, game tweaks have helped draw fans on TV: Ultimate kho kho CEO"
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2981:. Vol. 8. No. 11. Granthaalayah Publications and Printers, 2020. 41-48.
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2017:
2013:
2001:
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1918:
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or earlier. Indians have mainly worn clothing made up of locally grown
1715:
1649:
1484:
1314:, all of which have many regional varieties. With the beginning of the
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938:
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202:
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The Arthaśāstra: Selections from the Classic Indian Work on Statecraft
1580:
Mentioned as one of three styles of temple building in early texts on
4491:
4434:
4244:
Archaeology of South Asia: From the Indus to Asoka, c.6500 BCE–200 CE
4009:
Classical Indian philosophy: a history of philosophy without any gaps
3579:
3012:"Modern Hindustani and Formal and Social Aspects of Language Contact"
2701:
2110:
2016:—and five major non-Vedic or heterodox (nāstika or sramanic) schools—
1914:
1841:
1817:
1726:, has a long and rich history, blending indigenous elements from the
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63:
South Asian culture has influenced other parts of Asia, particularly
4368:
3783:
1538:, or the Southern Indian temple style, is an architectural idiom in
1517:
remains influential in India's architecture in the contemporary era.
3192:"For football-crazy Kerala, FIFA World Cup is its biggest festival"
898:, a native South Asian sport, made its inaugural appearance at the
4886:
4836:
4535:
4496:
2496:
Upinder Singh, A History of Ancient and Early Mediaeval India 2008
2037:
1993:
1970:
1922:
1910:
1894:
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1216:
1006:
913:
being the most popular of them; 90% of the sport's worldwide fans
870:
830:
826:
788:
748:
740:
696:
680:
567:
559:
443:
419:
345:
alphabet which is also used to write many North Indian languages.
326:
306:
239:
218:
180:
175:
95:
87:
15:
3135:
10.4324/9780203066430-43/football-south-asia-kausik-bandyopadhyay
1806:, 1st-2nd century CE. Height about 1 meter. Tokyo National Museum
3665:
Kalarippayat: The Essence and Structure of an Indian Martial Art
3460:
Indigenous, Traditional, and Folk Sports: Contesting Modernities
2373:
Climate Change and the Course of Global History: A Rough Journey
2068:
1837:
1023:
of the subcontinent which peaked from the 19th century to 1947,
850:
822:
816:
805:
724:
546:
is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of
4438:
4186:
Indian Ethics: Classical traditions and contemporary challenges
3418:"The Evolution Of Kho Kho Mats In India: A Historical Overview"
606:
languages, and further members of other language families like
510:
52:
influences. From the medieval era onwards, influences from the
3531:"Five Indian Origin Games on the verge of extinction – Sports"
921:
is followed passionately in some parts of South Asia, such as
862:
846:
578:. It is home to the fourth most spoken language in the world,
184:
3329:
Jacob, Megha; Nandini, Brij; Sharma, Niytanshi (2023-07-17).
3577:
India's defeat reflects Kabaddi's globalisation: Coach Reddy
3487:
3331:"Indigenous Sports of India: Connecting Past to the Present"
1868:
refers to the literature that is composed by authors in the
3553:
3368:
Kabaddi: How to play India’s 4000-year-old indigenous sport
3051:"What is India speaking? Exploring the "Hinglish" invasion"
1574:– deities carved in niches on the outer side walls of the
1298:. The major architectural styles popular in the past were
1138:
literature, later applied to martial arts in general. The
841:. Prohibitions against beef extend to the meat of (water)
3689:"Actualizing Power and Crafting a Self in Kalarippayattu"
3502:
3306:"OCA » Ancient tag game of kho kho catching on fast"
1449:, combining Indian and Islamic features. The rule of the
3517:
3445:
3267:
2640:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
1334:. These remnants are visible in the Gandhara capital of
945:, and also feature in regional competitions such as the
4002:
4000:
3770:
Menon, Narayana (October 1972). "Music of South Asia".
1015:. Kho kho is South Asia's second-most popular tag game.
2818:
English around the World: Sociolinguistic Perspectives
2769:
Foreign Relations of Sri Lanka: Earliest Times to 1965
1873:
planet, and as well as having four language families (
183:
political ideas and concepts of societal progress and
3863:
Modern Traditions: Contemporary Architecture in India
3055:
Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications
1546:, reaching its final form by the sixteenth century.
619:
is considered the international lingua franca of the
373:, the dominant language in the country is written in
325:
is diverse and a complex mixture of many influences.
36:. Ancient South Asian culture was primarily based in
32:, is a mixture of several cultures in and around the
2997:
International Institute for Asian Studies Newsletter
1754:, and used decoratively elsewhere in north India in
1294:
is intertwined with the architecture of the broader
1203:. This subregion of Asia includes countries such as
783:
South Asian cuisine § Staples and common ingredients
5071:
5045:
5022:
4977:
4910:
4845:
4791:
4768:
4690:
4602:
4472:
4420:. Trubner's Oriental Series. Taylor & Francis.
4162:. Asian Studies Center, Michigan State University.
4011:. Oxford New York (N.Y.): Oxford university press.
2845:
Linguistic Method: Essays in Honor of Herbert Penzl
2281:"How India Influenced Southeast Asian Civilization"
1981:; and whether the school believes in afterlife and
821:Common meats include lamb, goat, fish, chicken and
3951:Nakassis, Constantine & Annamalai, E. (2020).
3711:
3016:ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics
1418:The Hindu temple architecture is divided into the
385:, certain cultural traditions, and aspects of its
301:people of the regions. Its two eastern regions of
2307:"Fluvial landscapes of the Harappan civilization"
1588:, the majority of existing structures are in the
937:are played professionally in the region, such as
317:share a common heritage and culture based on the
217:most people adhere to various forms of Buddhism.
3981:"Monier-Williams Sanskrit Dictionary 1899 Basic"
3953:Linguistic Diversity in South Asia, Reconsidered
2842:Rauch, Irmengard; Carr, Gerald F. (2018-02-19).
873:is a dairy-based rice pudding, a common dessert.
4116:
2979:International Journal of Research-GRANTHAALAYAH
2926:Chutnefying English: The Phenomenon of Hinglish
2311:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
514:
3920:"'South Asia most diverse with 650 languages'"
3166:Soccer in South Asia: Empire, Nation, Diaspora
2415:
1810:History of clothing in the Indian subcontinent
1784:History of clothing in the Indian subcontinent
655:consists of a variety of art forms, including
4450:
3839:Guisepi, R.A. . Retrieved on February 6, 2008
3714:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M
2869:Hodges, Amy; Seawright, Leslie (2014-09-26).
2608:Pechilis, Karen; Raj, Selva J. (2013-01-01).
2428:Mark McClish, Patrick Olivelle (2012-09-07).
393:, the dominant religion in Sri Lanka, show a
8:
3965:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3457:Vaczi, Mariann; Bairner, Alan (2023-10-06).
2685:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2355:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2207:"How old is Hinduism and how it all started"
2145:Individual South Asian countries' cultures:
1950:consists of philosophical traditions of the
971:Some traditional South Asian games, such as
4092:
2563:. Pew Research Foundation. 18 December 2012
2557:"The Global Religious Landscape – Hinduism"
2255:"How the British influenced Indian culture"
1965:A traditional Hindu classification divides
1624:. Various kingdoms and empires such as the
909:Many sports are played in South Asia, with
353:is the dominant religion in Bhutan and the
349:is a culturally linked to Tibet and India.
154:Following the Indo-Aryan settlement in the
4457:
4443:
4435:
4159:The Puruṣārthas: a study in Hindu axiology
2611:South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today
341:, the dominant language of Nepal uses the
4104:
4080:
4007:Adamson, Peter; Ganeri, Jonardon (2020).
2332:
2322:
960:Traditional games of South Asia § History
309:share cultural links to Northwest India.
281:is split with its two western regions of
4276:The Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
1988:There are six major (āstika) schools of
1789:
1702:, which comprises the modern country of
890:
4068:
3955:. University of Chicago. pp. 1–21.
3718:. The Rosen Publishing Group. pp.
3216:"Why Bengal is obsessed with football?"
2662:"How South Asia Will Save Global Islam"
2587:"Global Religious Landscape: Buddhists"
2403:
2197:
1166:meaning art or skill. The related term
4242:Coningham, Robin; Young, Ruth (2015),
4056:
3958:
3127:Routledge Handbook of Football Studies
2848:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
2771:. Tisara Prakasakayo. pp. 113–16.
2678:
2660:Diplomat, Akhilesh Pillalamarri, The.
2348:
675:. Geographically, it spans the entire
582:; and the sixth most spoken language,
474:The main languages of Afghanistan are
40:, which itself formed as a mixture of
4316:from the original on 30 January 2017.
4036:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2923:Kothari, Rita; Snell, Rupert (2011).
365:is culturally tied to both India and
7:
4414:Cowell, E. B.; Gough, A. E. (2001).
4032:Kauṭalya; Olivelle, Patrick (2013).
3746:Rise and Fall of the Imperial Guptas
3394:"Galah Panjang and its Indian roots"
635:which is spoken more in urban areas.
1092:Among the most common terms today,
3580:https://www.business-standard.com/
3163:Dimeo, Paul; Mills, James (2001).
1445:, which led to the development of
14:
3985:www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de
2875:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
2702:"Pakistan : a country study"
1764:for houses. Decorative carved or
4593:
3895:The Temple Architecture of India
3335:Artha Journal of Social Sciences
2902:. University of Illinois Press.
2113:), reliable means of knowledge (
2036:. The āstika group embraces the
1939:This section is an excerpt from
1858:This section is an excerpt from
1782:This section is an excerpt from
1690:This section is an excerpt from
1527:This section is an excerpt from
1348:This section is an excerpt from
1284:This section is an excerpt from
1270:This section is an excerpt from
1189:This section is an excerpt from
1118:derives from the words for bow (
1071:This section is an excerpt from
958:This section is an excerpt from
883:This section is an excerpt from
781:This section is an excerpt from
713:This section is an excerpt from
699:, Bhutan , and at times eastern
645:This section is an excerpt from
503:This section is an excerpt from
143:Declining climatic conditions, (
80:This section is an excerpt from
44:and indigenous traditions (like
5081:Indian Institutes of Technology
5063:Afghanistan–Pakistan skirmishes
4992:South Asian Football Federation
3516:Badal Roy & Dr. Sudash Lama
2951:"Hindi, Hinglish: Head to Head"
1134:), the "science of archery" in
1013:2023 Asian Kho Kho Championship
991:game of ekka-dokka (related to
221:is the predominant religion in
147:) and population displacement (
92:Language families in South Asia
3616:Taneja, Nidhima (2023-01-27).
3529:Pant, Charu (16 August 2015).
3280:Taneja, Nidhima (2023-01-27).
3121:Bandyopadhyay, Kausik (2016),
3010:Singh, Rajendra (1985-01-01).
2821:. Cambridge University Press.
2815:Cheshire, Jenny (1991-04-26).
2782:Sirisena, W. M. (1978-01-01).
2376:. Cambridge University Press.
2205:Micu, Alexandru (2020-07-01).
2141:Category:Culture of South Asia
1:
4384:Perrett, Roy W., ed. (2000).
4327:. Columbia University Press.
4321:Nicholson, Andrew J. (2010).
4129:Phillips, Stephen H. (2013).
2370:John L. Brooke (2014-03-17).
1742:and modern urban styles. The
1098:, is a compound of the words
4246:, Cambridge University Press
3861:See Raj Jadhav, pp. 7–13 in
3710:James G. Lochtefeld (2002).
3550:TRADITIONAL GAMES AND SPORTS
3392:Arasu, S. T. (4 July 2020).
2535:"Hindu synthesis and smriti"
1929:are sometimes also included.
1475:, European styles including
1401:Indian rock-cut architecture
1330:that borrowed elements from
1162:meaning fight or combat and
82:Culture of Asia § South Asia
4302:. Oxford University Press.
4278:. Oxford University Press.
4260:, Pearson Education India,
4216:Journal of World Prehistory
3398:On the sport. Be part of it
3190:Bastian, Ron (2022-11-13).
3067:10.1016/j.physa.2016.01.015
2991:Vanita, Ruth (2009-04-01).
2723:Bista, Dor Bahadur (1991).
2075:survived, but others, like
1503:- who designed the city of
1397:Indo-Saracenic architecture
1312:Indo-Saracenic architecture
1272:Architecture of Afghanistan
1129:
1121:
1109:
1101:
293:heritage due to the native
5138:
5086:Inventions and discoveries
5058:Sino-Indian border dispute
4805:Human rights in South Asia
4591:
4274:Bowker, John, ed. (1999).
3644:only, specifically in the
2614:. Routledge. p. 193.
2416:Coningham & Young 2015
1938:
1857:
1781:
1689:
1526:
1347:
1283:
1269:
1245:Hindustani classical music
1188:
1070:
957:
882:
780:
712:
644:
502:
490:
377:which is derived from the
79:
4403:Acharya, Mādhava (1894).
4342:Acharya, Mādhava (1894).
3875:Fergusson, James (1864).
3743:Agrawal, Ashvini (1989).
3663:Luijendijk, D.H. (2008).
3488:https://dergipark.org.tr/
2468:Pearson Education India.
2317:(26). PNAS: E1688–E1694.
1826:Indus Valley civilisation
1814:Indus Valley civilization
1752:Indo-Islamic architecture
1586:Hindu temple architecture
1540:Hindu temple architecture
1447:Indo-Islamic architecture
1441:kingdom in India was the
1393:South Indian architecture
1381:Indo-Islamic architecture
1377:Hindu temple architecture
825:. Beef is less common in
134:Indus Valley civilisation
60:) also became prevalent.
5053:Indo-Pakistani conflicts
4356:Philosophy East and West
3554:http://oldror.lbp.world/
3463:. Taylor & Francis.
3123:"Football in South Asia"
2896:Kachru, Braj B. (1986).
2279:Pillalamarri, Akhilesh.
1509:economic reforms of 1991
935:native South Asian games
679:, including what is now
313:and the Indian state of
4860:Archaeological cultures
4156:Sharma, Arvind (1982).
4093:Cowell & Gough 2001
3772:Music Educators Journal
3749:. Motilal Banarsidass.
2929:. Penguin Books India.
2324:10.1073/pnas.1112743109
2169:Culture of the Maldives
1762:vernacular architecture
1732:vernacular architecture
1473:British colonial period
1158:, comes from the words
505:Languages of South Asia
440:Tibeto-Burman languages
207:religions of South Asia
130:Cradles of civilization
46:Dravidian folk religion
5073:Science and technology
3503:http://www.ijhssi.org/
2767:Mendis, V.L.B (1985).
2462:Upinder Singh (2008).
2149:Culture of Afghanistan
1866:South Asian literature
1860:South Asian literature
1807:
1700:Architecture of Bengal
1692:Architecture of Bengal
1536:Dravidian architecture
1529:Dravidian architecture
1522:Dravidian architecture
1292:Pakistani architecture
1286:Pakistani architecture
1279:Pakistani architecture
1016:
907:
794:
540:
493:Religion in South Asia
259:
112:
93:
21:
5122:Culture of South Asia
4952:Religious persecution
4810:Religious nationalism
4670:European and Eurasian
4474:Countries and regions
3518:https://ir.nbu.ac.in/
3446:https://ir.nbu.ac.in/
3268:https://olympics.com/
3245:The Business Standard
2704:. Library of Congress
2589:. Pew Research Center
2154:Culture of Bangladesh
1812:can be traced to the
1793:
1350:Architecture of India
1328:Buddhist architecture
1011:India vs Iran at the
1010:
894:
792:
621:South Asian countries
537:
243:
132:. Referred to as the
99:
91:
26:culture of South Asia
19:
5101:Traditional medicine
4117:Perrett, Vol. 3 2000
3892:Hardy, Adam (2007).
3667:. Oprat (LuLu.com).
3028:10.1075/itl.70.02sin
2729:. Orient Blackswan.
2585:(18 December 2012).
2515:. Harvard University
2184:Culture of Sri Lanka
2059:. Some schools like
1748:Bengali curved roofs
1685:Bengali architecture
1493:India's independence
1021:British colonisation
400:Indo-Aryan languages
149:Indo-Aryan migration
5032:South Asian studies
4558:South Asian regions
4107:, pp. 158–162.
2973:Salwathura, A. N. "
2955:read.dukeupress.edu
2583:Pew Research Center
2179:Culture of Pakistan
2125:) and other topics.
1952:Indian subcontinent
1870:Indian subcontinent
1756:Mughal architecture
1728:Indian subcontinent
1678:Vijayanagara Empire
1455:Mughal architecture
1389:Mughal architecture
1385:Rajput architecture
1357:Indian architecture
1343:Indian architecture
1296:Indian subcontinent
1265:Afghan architecture
1201:Indian subcontinent
1191:Music of South Asia
1088:Indian subcontinent
1080:Indian martial arts
1073:Indian martial arts
885:Sport in South Asia
853:is considered as a
677:Indian subcontinent
424:Dravidian languages
418:and East India and
414:and most of North,
156:Indo-Gangetic Plain
121:Indian subcontinent
34:Indian subcontinent
4466:South Asian topics
4228:10.1007/BF00978474
3642:Classical Sanskrit
3598:. 3 September 2022
3347:10.12724/ajss.64.1
3220:The Indian Express
3101:The Indian Express
1967:āstika and nāstika
1891:partition of India
1808:
1542:that emerged from
1316:Indus civilization
1051:Pro Kabaddi League
1017:
915:live in South Asia
908:
795:
721:South Asian cinema
715:South Asian cinema
629:English-influenced
541:
468:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
391:Theravada Buddhism
289:sharing a greater
287:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
260:
113:
94:
22:
5109:
5108:
5012:Traditional games
4997:South Asian Games
4585:General geography
4427:978-0-415-24517-3
4395:978-0-8153-3608-2
4334:978-0-231-14987-7
4309:978-0-19-936008-6
4285:978-0-19-866242-6
4267:978-81-317-1120-0
4196:978-0-7546-3301-3
4142:978-1-136-51898-0
4043:978-0-19-989182-5
4018:978-0-19-885176-9
3905:978-0-470-02827-8
3729:978-0-8239-3179-8
3674:978-1-58160-480-1
3470:978-1-000-98328-9
3176:978-0-7146-5146-0
3144:978-0-203-06643-0
2936:978-0-14-341639-5
2909:978-0-252-06172-1
2882:978-1-4438-6761-0
2855:978-3-11-081566-5
2828:978-1-316-58235-0
2788:. Brill Archive.
2159:Culture of Bhutan
2121:), value system (
1948:Indian philosophy
1941:Indian philosophy
1632:of Vidarbha, the
1403:, including many
1359:is rooted in the
1197:South Asian music
1126:) and knowledge (
947:South Asian Games
839:Dharmic religions
631:variant known as
586:. Languages like
357:is used to write
117:Neolithic culture
5129:
5007:Physical culture
4902:Former countries
4897:Contemporary era
4597:
4459:
4452:
4445:
4436:
4431:
4410:
4399:
4380:
4349:
4338:
4317:
4289:
4270:
4247:
4238:
4208:Referenced works
4201:
4200:
4180:
4174:
4173:
4153:
4147:
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4126:
4120:
4114:
4108:
4102:
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4047:
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3991:
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3970:
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3941:
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3910:
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3649:
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3613:
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3604:
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3588:
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3574:
3568:
3562:
3556:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3526:
3520:
3511:
3505:
3501:Dr. Abhijit Das
3496:
3490:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3454:
3448:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3414:
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3405:
3404:
3389:
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3377:
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3358:
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3317:
3316:
3302:
3296:
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3293:
3292:
3277:
3271:
3262:
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3255:
3253:
3252:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3212:
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3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3093:
3087:
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3046:
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3039:
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3001:
3000:
2988:
2982:
2971:
2965:
2964:
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2947:
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2920:
2914:
2913:
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2887:
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2866:
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2859:
2839:
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2832:
2812:
2806:
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2779:
2773:
2772:
2764:
2758:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2700:Peter R. Blood.
2697:
2691:
2690:
2684:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2514:
2508:Michael Witzel.
2505:
2499:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2434:. M.S. Koṭhārī.
2425:
2419:
2413:
2407:
2401:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2367:
2361:
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2354:
2346:
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2267:
2266:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2202:
2174:Culture of Nepal
2164:Culture of India
1990:Vedic philosophy
1612:, some parts of
1469:styles as well.
1437:The first major
1154:. A later term,
1152:military science
1132:
1124:
1112:
1104:
1084:fighting systems
1059:Pro Panja League
1055:Ultimate Kho Kho
849:to some extent.
627:acquiring a new
513:
460:Iranic Languages
456:North East India
383:Pallava alphabet
355:Tibetan alphabet
351:Tibetan Buddhism
323:Culture of India
319:Bengali language
247:built under the
28:, also known as
5137:
5136:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5127:
5126:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5105:
5067:
5041:
5018:
4973:
4906:
4877:Middle kingdoms
4841:
4832:Stock exchanges
4787:
4764:
4720:Cultural sphere
4686:
4598:
4589:
4468:
4463:
4428:
4413:
4402:
4396:
4383:
4369:10.2307/1398916
4352:
4341:
4335:
4320:
4310:
4292:
4286:
4273:
4268:
4250:
4241:
4213:
4210:
4205:
4204:
4197:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4170:
4155:
4154:
4150:
4143:
4128:
4127:
4123:
4115:
4111:
4103:
4099:
4091:
4087:
4079:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4055:
4051:
4044:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4019:
4006:
4005:
3998:
3989:
3987:
3979:
3978:
3974:
3957:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3936:
3934:
3918:
3917:
3913:
3906:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3874:
3873:
3869:
3860:
3856:
3847:
3843:
3838:
3834:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3784:10.2307/3394138
3769:
3768:
3764:
3757:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3730:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3694:
3692:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3675:
3662:
3656:
3652:
3639:
3635:
3626:
3624:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3601:
3599:
3596:Hindustan Times
3590:
3589:
3585:
3575:
3571:
3563:
3559:
3548:
3544:
3535:
3533:
3528:
3527:
3523:
3512:
3508:
3497:
3493:
3482:
3478:
3471:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3440:
3436:
3427:
3425:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3402:
3400:
3391:
3390:
3386:
3378:
3374:
3366:
3362:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3314:
3312:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3290:
3288:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3263:
3259:
3250:
3248:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3225:
3223:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3200:
3198:
3189:
3188:
3184:
3177:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3120:
3119:
3115:
3106:
3104:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3009:
3008:
3004:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2972:
2968:
2959:
2957:
2949:
2948:
2944:
2937:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2910:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2883:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2856:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2829:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2781:
2780:
2776:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2754:
2750:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2707:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2677:
2670:
2668:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2644:
2642:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2622:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2592:
2590:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2566:
2564:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2540:
2538:
2537:. Speaking Tree
2533:
2532:
2528:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2494:
2490:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2414:
2410:
2402:
2398:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2347:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2289:
2287:
2285:thediplomat.com
2278:
2277:
2273:
2264:
2262:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2239:
2237:
2235:Middle East Eye
2229:
2228:
2224:
2215:
2213:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2136:Culture of Asia
2132:
2127:
2126:
1944:
1936:
1931:
1930:
1863:
1855:
1850:
1849:
1828:, the rock-cut
1787:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1695:
1687:
1682:
1681:
1590:Southern Indian
1532:
1524:
1519:
1518:
1443:Delhi Sultanate
1420:Dravidian style
1353:
1345:
1340:
1339:
1289:
1281:
1276:
1275:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1194:
1186:
1181:
1180:
1076:
1068:
1063:
1062:
1005:
969:
963:
955:
954:
888:
880:
875:
874:
859:Northeast India
855:taboo food item
786:
778:
773:
772:
718:
710:
705:
704:
650:
642:
637:
636:
536:
511:
508:
500:
495:
489:
484:
483:
395:Southeast Asian
245:Badshahi Mosque
85:
77:
12:
11:
5:
5135:
5133:
5125:
5124:
5114:
5113:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5077:
5075:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5049:
5047:
5043:
5042:
5040:
5039:
5034:
5028:
5026:
5020:
5019:
5017:
5016:
5015:
5014:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4983:
4981:
4975:
4974:
4972:
4971:
4970:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4949:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4916:
4914:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4863:
4862:
4851:
4849:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4828:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4807:
4801:
4799:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4785:
4783:Climate change
4780:
4774:
4772:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4696:
4694:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4679:
4678:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4608:
4606:
4600:
4599:
4592:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4555:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4527:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4478:
4476:
4470:
4469:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4454:
4447:
4439:
4433:
4432:
4426:
4411:
4400:
4394:
4381:
4363:(2): 161–174.
4350:
4339:
4333:
4318:
4308:
4294:Doniger, Wendy
4290:
4284:
4271:
4266:
4252:Singh, Upinder
4248:
4239:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4195:
4175:
4168:
4148:
4141:
4121:
4109:
4105:Nicholson 2010
4097:
4095:, p. xii.
4085:
4081:Nicholson 2010
4073:
4061:
4059:, p. 259.
4049:
4042:
4024:
4017:
3996:
3972:
3943:
3926:. 2018-01-08.
3911:
3904:
3884:
3867:
3854:
3841:
3832:
3805:
3762:
3755:
3735:
3728:
3702:
3691:. Spa.ex.ac.uk
3680:
3673:
3657:attested from
3650:
3646:Anargharāghava
3633:
3608:
3583:
3569:
3557:
3542:
3521:
3506:
3491:
3476:
3469:
3449:
3434:
3422:English Jagran
3409:
3384:
3372:
3360:
3321:
3297:
3272:
3257:
3232:
3207:
3196:thefederal.com
3182:
3175:
3155:
3143:
3113:
3088:
3041:
3002:
2983:
2966:
2942:
2935:
2915:
2908:
2888:
2881:
2861:
2854:
2834:
2827:
2807:
2795:978-9004056602
2794:
2774:
2759:
2748:
2735:
2715:
2692:
2652:
2627:
2620:
2600:
2574:
2548:
2526:
2500:
2498:, p. 200.
2488:
2474:
2454:
2440:
2420:
2408:
2396:
2382:
2362:
2296:
2271:
2246:
2222:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2143:
2138:
2131:
2128:
1945:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1883:Austro-Asiatic
1864:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1834:cave paintings
1788:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1740:country houses
1696:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1594:Andhra Pradesh
1544:Southern India
1533:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1489:Indo-Saracenic
1481:Gothic Revival
1432:northern India
1424:southern India
1354:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1332:Ancient Greece
1290:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1195:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1148:shastrashāstra
1082:refers to the
1077:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1025:Western sports
1004:
1001:
968:
965:
964:
956:
889:
881:
879:
876:
867:dairy products
787:
779:
777:
774:
769:Southeast Asia
723:refers to the
719:
711:
709:
706:
651:
643:
641:
638:
509:
501:
499:
496:
491:Main article:
488:
485:
462:are spoken in
442:are spoken in
402:are spoken in
375:Sinhala script
367:Southeast Asia
249:Mughal emperor
104:garments from
86:
78:
76:
73:
65:Southeast Asia
42:Vedic religion
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5134:
5123:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5044:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5029:
5027:
5025:
5021:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4984:
4982:
4980:
4976:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4918:
4917:
4915:
4913:
4909:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4856:
4853:
4852:
4850:
4848:
4844:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4800:
4798:
4794:
4790:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4767:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4700:Architecture
4698:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4689:
4683:
4680:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4656:Other groups
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4647:Tibeto-Burman
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4617:Austroasiatic
4615:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4604:Ethnic groups
4601:
4596:
4586:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4544:
4543:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4460:
4455:
4453:
4448:
4446:
4441:
4440:
4437:
4429:
4423:
4419:
4418:
4412:
4408:
4407:
4401:
4397:
4391:
4387:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4357:
4351:
4347:
4346:
4340:
4336:
4330:
4326:
4325:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4305:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4281:
4277:
4272:
4269:
4263:
4259:
4258:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4240:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4198:
4192:
4188:
4187:
4179:
4176:
4171:
4169:9789993624318
4165:
4161:
4160:
4152:
4149:
4144:
4138:
4135:. Routledge.
4134:
4133:
4125:
4122:
4118:
4113:
4110:
4106:
4101:
4098:
4094:
4089:
4086:
4082:
4077:
4074:
4071:, p. 46.
4070:
4065:
4062:
4058:
4053:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4035:
4028:
4025:
4020:
4014:
4010:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3986:
3982:
3976:
3973:
3968:
3962:
3954:
3947:
3944:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3915:
3912:
3907:
3901:
3897:
3896:
3888:
3885:
3880:
3879:
3871:
3868:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3851:
3845:
3842:
3836:
3833:
3828:
3824:
3821:(1): 91–100.
3820:
3816:
3809:
3806:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3766:
3763:
3758:
3756:9788120805927
3752:
3748:
3747:
3739:
3736:
3731:
3725:
3721:
3716:
3715:
3706:
3703:
3690:
3684:
3681:
3676:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3659:Epic Sanskrit
3654:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3637:
3634:
3623:
3619:
3612:
3609:
3597:
3593:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3573:
3570:
3566:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3551:
3546:
3543:
3532:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3500:
3495:
3492:
3489:
3486:Md Abu Nasim
3485:
3480:
3477:
3472:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3438:
3435:
3423:
3419:
3413:
3410:
3399:
3395:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3376:
3373:
3369:
3364:
3361:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3325:
3322:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3298:
3287:
3283:
3276:
3273:
3269:
3266:
3261:
3258:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3233:
3221:
3217:
3211:
3208:
3197:
3193:
3186:
3183:
3178:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3159:
3156:
3146:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3129:, Routledge,
3128:
3124:
3117:
3114:
3102:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3045:
3042:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3006:
3003:
2998:
2994:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2970:
2967:
2956:
2952:
2946:
2943:
2938:
2932:
2928:
2927:
2919:
2916:
2911:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2892:
2889:
2884:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2865:
2862:
2857:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2838:
2835:
2830:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2811:
2808:
2797:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2778:
2775:
2770:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2752:
2749:
2738:
2736:9788125001881
2732:
2728:
2727:
2719:
2716:
2703:
2696:
2693:
2688:
2682:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2653:
2641:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2623:
2621:9780415448512
2617:
2613:
2612:
2604:
2601:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2562:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2511:
2504:
2501:
2497:
2492:
2489:
2477:
2475:9788131711200
2471:
2467:
2466:
2458:
2455:
2443:
2441:9781603849036
2437:
2433:
2432:
2424:
2421:
2418:, p. 27.
2417:
2412:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2397:
2385:
2383:9780521871648
2379:
2375:
2374:
2366:
2363:
2358:
2352:
2344:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2300:
2297:
2286:
2282:
2275:
2272:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2223:
2212:
2208:
2201:
2198:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
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2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
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2150:
2147:
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2142:
2139:
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2108:
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2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2078:
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2062:
2058:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1942:
1933:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1913:. Works from
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1887:Tibeto-Burman
1884:
1880:
1879:Indo-European
1876:
1871:
1867:
1861:
1852:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
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1811:
1805:
1801:
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1749:
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1733:
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1725:
1721:
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1713:
1709:
1708:Indian states
1705:
1701:
1693:
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1679:
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1623:
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1607:
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1591:
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1583:
1582:vastu shastra
1579:
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1514:Vastu Shastra
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1494:
1491:style. After
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1460:
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1452:
1451:Mughal Empire
1448:
1444:
1440:
1435:
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1425:
1421:
1416:
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1406:
1402:
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1390:
1386:
1383:, especially
1382:
1378:
1374:
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1362:
1358:
1351:
1342:
1337:
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1329:
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1321:
1320:urban culture
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
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1140:Vishnu Purana
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1106:(weapon) and
1105:
1103:
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1096:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1065:
1060:
1056:
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1046:
1042:
1041:globalisation
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1014:
1009:
1002:
1000:
998:
994:
990:
986:
985:ancient India
982:
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974:
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944:
940:
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924:
920:
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912:
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877:
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860:
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852:
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812:, and beans.
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613:
612:Tibeto-Burman
609:
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569:
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469:
465:
461:
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425:
421:
417:
413:
410:, Sinhala of
409:
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401:
398:
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392:
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384:
380:
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372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
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308:
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296:
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284:
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276:
272:
268:
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246:
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236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
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192:
188:
186:
182:
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173:
172:Mahajanapadas
169:
166:model in the
165:
162:based on the
161:
157:
152:
150:
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145:aridification
141:
139:
135:
131:
126:
122:
118:
111:
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90:
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74:
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70:
69:Greater India
66:
61:
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48:), and later
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
18:
5002:Martial arts
4892:Colonial era
4887:Early modern
4837:Caste system
4691:
4622:Austronesian
4563:Northwestern
4416:
4405:
4385:
4360:
4354:
4344:
4322:
4298:
4275:
4256:
4243:
4219:
4215:
4185:
4178:
4158:
4151:
4131:
4124:
4112:
4100:
4088:
4083:, Chapter 9.
4076:
4069:Doniger 2014
4064:
4052:
4033:
4027:
4008:
3988:. Retrieved
3984:
3975:
3952:
3946:
3935:. Retrieved
3923:
3914:
3894:
3887:
3881:. J. Murray.
3877:
3870:
3862:
3857:
3849:
3844:
3835:
3818:
3814:
3808:
3778:(2): 40–43.
3775:
3771:
3765:
3745:
3738:
3713:
3705:
3695:27 September
3693:. Retrieved
3683:
3664:
3653:
3640:attested in
3636:
3625:. Retrieved
3621:
3611:
3600:. Retrieved
3595:
3586:
3572:
3560:
3545:
3534:. Retrieved
3524:
3509:
3494:
3479:
3459:
3452:
3437:
3426:. Retrieved
3424:. 2023-05-30
3421:
3412:
3401:. Retrieved
3397:
3387:
3382:Olympics.com
3375:
3370:Olympics.com
3363:
3338:
3334:
3324:
3313:. Retrieved
3309:
3300:
3289:. Retrieved
3285:
3275:
3270:Rahul Venkat
3260:
3249:. Retrieved
3247:. 2021-12-16
3244:
3235:
3224:. Retrieved
3222:. 2018-06-14
3219:
3210:
3199:. Retrieved
3195:
3185:
3165:
3158:
3148:, retrieved
3126:
3116:
3105:. Retrieved
3103:. 2018-06-28
3100:
3091:
3058:
3054:
3044:
3022:(1): 33–60.
3019:
3015:
3005:
2999:(50): 16–17.
2996:
2986:
2978:
2969:
2958:. Retrieved
2954:
2945:
2925:
2918:
2898:
2891:
2871:
2864:
2844:
2837:
2817:
2810:
2799:. Retrieved
2784:
2777:
2768:
2762:
2751:
2740:. Retrieved
2725:
2718:
2706:. Retrieved
2695:
2669:. Retrieved
2666:The Diplomat
2665:
2655:
2643:. Retrieved
2639:
2630:
2610:
2603:
2591:. Retrieved
2577:
2565:. Retrieved
2560:
2551:
2539:. Retrieved
2529:
2517:. Retrieved
2503:
2491:
2479:. Retrieved
2464:
2457:
2445:. Retrieved
2430:
2423:
2411:
2404:Kenoyer 1991
2399:
2387:. Retrieved
2372:
2365:
2351:cite journal
2314:
2310:
2299:
2288:. Retrieved
2284:
2274:
2263:. Retrieved
2261:. 2010-06-06
2258:
2249:
2238:. Retrieved
2234:
2225:
2214:. Retrieved
2210:
2200:
2115:epistemology
2071:, Śaiva and
2054:
2052:traditions.
1987:
1964:
1946:
1724:Barak Valley
1697:
1666:Rashtrakutas
1571:
1568:dwarapalakas
1567:
1548:
1534:
1512:
1501:Le Corbusier
1477:Neoclassical
1436:
1417:
1355:
1304:Indo-Islamic
1260:Architecture
1172:yuddha-vidyā
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1147:
1127:
1119:
1115:
1107:
1099:
1095:śastra-vidyā
1093:
1078:
1066:Martial arts
1018:
970:
931:Field hockey
814:
800:, a type of
796:
669:textile arts
542:
261:
189:
187:conformity.
160:caste system
153:
142:
138:Vedic period
115:Evidence of
114:
100:Traditional
62:
54:Muslim world
30:Desi culture
29:
25:
23:
4855:Archaeology
4770:Environment
4660:Afro-Asians
4482:Afghanistan
4388:. Garland.
4299:On Hinduism
4222:(4): 1–64,
4189:. Ashgate.
4057:Bowker 1999
3815:Asian Music
3567:nayadaur.tv
3552:Siben Paul
3341:(1): 1–23.
3061:: 375–389.
2211:ZME Science
2095:metaphysics
1998:Vaisheshika
1960:Arthaśāstra
1840:to that of
1768:plaques of
1734:, colonial
1712:West Bengal
1626:Satavahanas
1614:Maharashtra
1576:garbhagriha
1555:garbhagriha
1553:, over the
1471:During the
1205:Afghanistan
1168:śastra kalā
1156:yuddha kalā
1045:video games
967:Ancient era
951:Asian Games
900:Asian Games
763:as well as
729:Afghanistan
701:Afghanistan
614:languages.
600:Indo-Iranic
548:Afghanistan
464:Baluchistan
438:community.
428:South India
337:and Tibet.
315:West Bengal
283:Baluchistan
263:Afghanistan
223:Afghanistan
168:Varna order
4957:Bangladesh
4867:Bronze Age
4750:Philosophy
4735:Literature
4632:Indo-Aryan
4612:Andamanese
4487:Bangladesh
3990:2024-05-24
3937:2022-05-13
3627:2023-08-08
3602:2022-11-19
3536:2022-11-19
3444:Badal Roy
3428:2023-08-08
3403:2022-11-19
3315:2023-08-14
3310:ocasia.org
3291:2023-08-14
3251:2023-08-14
3226:2023-08-14
3201:2023-08-14
3150:2024-05-29
3107:2023-08-14
2960:2023-10-29
2801:2018-01-15
2742:2018-01-15
2290:2023-09-11
2265:2023-09-11
2240:2023-09-11
2216:2023-09-11
2192:References
2057:Common Era
2042:Vidyaranya
1934:Philosophy
1925:, and the
1903:Bangladesh
1853:Literature
1830:sculptures
1770:terracotta
1736:townhouses
1704:Bangladesh
1606:Tamil Nadu
1592:states of
1505:Chandigarh
1209:Bangladesh
1116:Dhanurveda
1019:After the
1003:Modern era
981:atya-patya
810:atta flour
808:made from
802:flat bread
761:South Asia
733:Bangladesh
689:Bangladesh
673:woven silk
653:Indian art
647:Indian art
625:Hindustani
580:Hindi–Urdu
552:Bangladesh
544:South Asia
408:Bangladesh
397:affinity.
343:Devanagari
335:East India
311:Bangladesh
271:Indosphere
258:, Pakistan
235:Bangladesh
233:(96%) and
205:are major
125:Bronze Age
102:Rajasthani
5024:Education
4745:Mythology
4730:Languages
4642:Nuristani
4627:Dravidian
4553:Sri Lanka
4519:Northeast
4507:Northwest
3961:cite book
3932:0971-751X
3924:The Hindu
3898:. Wiley.
3800:193335418
3355:0000-0000
3075:0378-4371
3036:0019-0829
2708:April 22,
2681:cite news
2671:April 21,
2645:April 21,
2593:April 21,
2567:April 21,
2541:April 22,
2519:April 22,
2481:April 22,
2447:April 21,
2389:April 21,
2087:did not.
2050:Raseśvara
1907:Sri Lanka
1875:Dravidian
1670:Chalukyas
1642:Kakatiyas
1630:Vakatakas
1622:Sri Lanka
1610:Telangana
1598:Karnataka
1559:shikharas
1497:modernist
1459:Taj Mahal
1430:style of
1415:temples.
1326:style of
1253:Lollywood
1249:Bollywood
1233:Sri Lanka
1122:dhanushya
989:hopscotch
835:Sri Lanka
765:East Asia
757:Sri Lanka
693:Sri Lanka
661:sculpture
604:Dravidian
576:Sri Lanka
498:Languages
432:Sri Lanka
412:Sri Lanka
363:Sri Lanka
252:Aurangzeb
211:Sri Lanka
110:Rajasthan
5116:Category
5046:Military
4967:Pakistan
4930:Hinduism
4925:Buddhism
4912:Religion
4882:Medieval
4872:Iron Age
4797:Politics
4760:Surnames
4682:Diaspora
4578:Southern
4568:Northern
4541:Pakistan
4531:Maldives
4314:Archived
4296:(2014).
4254:(2008),
4236:41175522
3622:ThePrint
3286:ThePrint
3083:59247503
2343:22645375
2259:DAWN.COM
2130:See also
2123:axiology
2119:Pramanas
2091:ontology
2081:Charvaka
2065:Buddhism
2034:Charvaka
2022:Buddhist
1956:Chanakya
1927:Maldives
1899:Pakistan
1844:and the
1822:Harappan
1804:Gandhara
1798:wearing
1777:Clothing
1744:bungalow
1706:and the
1674:Hoysalas
1662:Kadambas
1654:Pallavas
1572:goshtams
1426:and the
1405:Buddhist
1369:religion
1324:Gandhara
1229:Pakistan
1221:Maldives
1033:football
1027:such as
919:Football
753:Pakistan
745:Maldives
685:Pakistan
671:such as
657:painting
633:Hinglish
572:Pakistan
564:Maldives
487:Religion
472:Pakistan
404:Pakistan
359:Dzongkha
295:Pashtuns
279:Pakistan
267:Pakistan
231:Pakistan
227:Maldives
195:Buddhism
191:Hinduism
50:Buddhist
38:Hinduism
5091:History
5037:History
4987:Cricket
4940:Sikhism
4935:Jainism
4920:Dharmic
4847:History
4793:Economy
4778:Monsoon
4755:Scripts
4725:Fashion
4715:Cuisine
4692:Culture
4675:Semitic
4665:Chinese
4573:Eastern
4524:Islands
4377:1398916
3792:3394138
2334:3387054
2107:Sunyata
2099:Brahman
2085:Ājīvika
2073:Vedanta
2061:Jainism
2026:Ajivika
2014:Vedanta
2010:Mīmāṃsā
2002:Samkhya
1975:Brahman
1958:in the
1919:Myanmar
1802:robes,
1766:moulded
1716:Tripura
1650:Pandyas
1485:Baroque
1453:, when
1439:Islamic
1365:culture
1361:history
1237:Qawwali
1177:akharas
1144:upaveda
1136:Puranic
1086:of the
1029:cricket
997:Chindro
977:kho-kho
973:kabaddi
943:kho-kho
939:kabaddi
911:cricket
896:Kabaddi
843:buffalo
798:Chapati
776:Cuisine
665:pottery
617:English
588:Bengali
584:Bengali
539:orange.
434:by the
430:and in
387:cuisine
379:Kadamba
371:Sinhala
237:(90%).
229:(99%),
203:Sikhism
199:Jainism
75:History
58:British
5096:Swords
4979:Sports
4820:Muslim
4710:Cinema
4652:Turkic
4637:Iranic
4546:Punjab
4492:Bhutan
4424:
4392:
4375:
4331:
4306:
4282:
4264:
4234:
4193:
4166:
4139:
4040:
4015:
3930:
3902:
3827:834451
3825:
3798:
3790:
3753:
3726:
3671:
3661:; see
3467:
3353:
3173:
3141:
3081:
3073:
3034:
2933:
2906:
2879:
2852:
2825:
2792:
2733:
2618:
2472:
2438:
2380:
2341:
2331:
2111:Anatta
2077:Ajñana
2032:, and
2030:Ajñana
1915:Bhutan
1842:turban
1832:, the
1818:cotton
1800:kāṣāya
1796:Buddha
1672:, the
1668:, the
1664:, the
1660:, the
1658:Gangas
1656:, the
1652:, the
1648:, the
1646:Reddis
1644:, the
1640:, the
1638:Cheras
1636:, the
1634:Cholas
1628:, the
1618:Odisha
1602:Kerala
1563:gopura
1551:vimana
1483:, and
1463:Rajput
1428:Nagara
1411:, and
1395:, and
1367:, and
1336:Taxila
1308:Mughal
1300:Temple
1241:Ghazal
1231:, and
1213:Bhutan
1160:yuddha
1102:śastra
1057:, and
1037:hockey
1035:, and
993:Stapoo
979:, and
927:Bengal
923:Kerala
878:Sports
737:Bhutan
725:cinema
708:Cinema
667:, and
610:, and
596:Nepali
574:, and
556:Bhutan
476:Pashto
454:&
450:, and
448:Bhutan
347:Bhutan
339:Nepali
321:. The
303:Punjab
299:Baloch
291:Iranic
275:Persia
256:Lahore
225:, the
215:Bhutan
106:Jaipur
4962:India
4947:Islam
4815:Hindu
4740:Music
4536:Nepal
4514:South
4502:North
4497:India
4373:JSTOR
4232:S2CID
3823:JSTOR
3796:S2CID
3788:JSTOR
3079:S2CID
2513:(PDF)
2103:Atman
2046:Śaiva
2038:Vedas
1994:Nyaya
1983:Devas
1979:Atman
1971:Vedas
1923:Tibet
1911:Nepal
1895:India
1846:dhoti
1720:Assam
1409:Hindu
1373:India
1243:and
1225:Nepal
1217:India
1184:Music
1110:vidyā
871:Kheer
831:Nepal
827:India
749:Nepal
741:India
697:Nepal
681:India
592:Tamil
568:Nepal
560:India
452:North
444:Nepal
436:Tamil
420:Nepal
331:North
327:Nepal
307:Sindh
219:Islam
185:ethic
181:valid
176:Vedas
67:(see
4825:Sikh
4795:and
4422:ISBN
4390:ISBN
4329:ISBN
4304:ISBN
4280:ISBN
4262:ISBN
4191:ISBN
4164:ISBN
4137:ISBN
4038:ISBN
4013:ISBN
3967:link
3928:ISSN
3900:ISBN
3850:Kala
3751:ISBN
3724:ISBN
3720:23–4
3697:2015
3669:ISBN
3465:ISBN
3351:ISSN
3171:ISBN
3139:ISBN
3071:ISSN
3032:ISSN
2931:ISBN
2904:ISBN
2877:ISBN
2850:ISBN
2823:ISBN
2790:ISBN
2731:ISBN
2710:2018
2687:link
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